阅读说明：本技术 一种利用激光焊接制备金刚石锯片的方法 (Method for preparing diamond saw blade by laser welding ) 是由 万益俊 于 2019-06-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种利用激光焊接制备金刚石锯片的方法,属于金刚石加工工具和焊接技术领域。该金刚石锯片包括锯片基体和金刚石刀头,相邻金刚石刀头之间具有间隔并形成槽口,该槽口延伸至基体平面内形成多个排屑槽,用于切割废料的排出。同时通过优化刀头原料粉末组成及制备工艺,提高胎体材料与金刚石颗粒之间的把持力,通过优化激光焊接工艺提升刀头和基体的结合力,从而提高作业安全系数。本发明金刚石锯片还能够降低能耗,节约成本。(The invention discloses a method for preparing a diamond saw blade by laser welding, and belongs to the technical field of diamond processing tools and welding. The diamond saw blade comprises a saw blade base body and diamond tool bits, wherein intervals are arranged between every two adjacent diamond tool bits, notches are formed in the adjacent diamond tool bits, and the notches extend into the plane of the base body to form a plurality of chip grooves for discharging cutting waste materials. Meanwhile, by optimizing the raw material powder composition and the preparation process of the tool bit, the holding force between the matrix material and the diamond particles is improved, and the bonding force between the tool bit and the matrix is improved by optimizing the laser welding process, so that the operation safety coefficient is improved. The diamond saw blade can also reduce energy consumption and save cost.)

1. A method for preparing a diamond saw blade by laser welding is characterized in that: the diamond saw blade comprises a saw blade base body and a plurality of diamond tool bits, wherein the saw blade base body is of a circular sheet structure, and the diamond tool bits are uniformly welded on the outer edge of the saw blade base body; the center of the saw blade matrix is provided with a shaft hole for mounting the diamond saw blade; the adjacent diamond tool bits are spaced and form notches, and the notches extend to the plane of the substrate to form a plurality of chip discharge grooves for discharging cutting waste;

the method for manufacturing the diamond saw blade comprises the following steps:

(1) processing a matrix:

preparing a grinding wheel matrix with a required structure by machining according to the drawing requirements;

(2) sintering and forming of the diamond tool bit:

preparing the diamond tool bit by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology: mixing the raw materials of the cutter head according to a required proportion, carrying out cold press molding after uniform mixing, then carrying out hot press sintering, and finally obtaining the diamond cutter head by grinding through a grinding wheel abrasive belt; wherein, in the hot-pressing sintering process, the sintering temperature is 780-800 ℃, and the sintering pressure is 300-350 kg/cm²And keeping the temperature for 3-4 minutes.

(3) Laser welding:

placing the diamond tool bit on the corresponding position of the substrate, adjusting the light spot of the laser welding machine to the proper position of the tool bit and the substrate, starting the laser welding machine to weld, and enabling the tool bit to be in contact with the substrateThe substrate and the substrate are welded together at the moment of laser penetration; by using CO₂The laser has the laser spot diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, the laser power of 1200W, the welding speed of 1.1m/min, the defocusing amount of-1 mm and the offset of 0.15 mm; the protective gas is argon, and the flow of the protective gas is 3L/min;

(4) and (3) blasting sand to the inner side surface of the tool bit of the welded diamond saw blade, and then grinding the working surface of the diamond tool bit by using a grinding wheel to expose the diamond.

2. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the notch extends to the plane of the substrate along a straight line or a curve, the tail end of the formed chip groove is designed to be of a round hole structure, and the diameter of the round hole structure is larger than the width of the chip groove.

3. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the diamond tool bit is of a trapezoidal plate-shaped structure, and the section of the diamond tool bit along the radial direction of the substrate is trapezoidal; the side of the diamond tool bit welded with the substrate is arc-shaped, and the radian is adapted to the radian of the outer edge of the substrate; the plate thickness of the diamond segments is greater than the substrate thickness.

4. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the inner side surface of the diamond tool bit is welded with the outer edge of the substrate, and the area of the outer side surface of the diamond tool bit is smaller than that of the inner side surface.

5. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the diamond cutter head is provided with a cutting angle, and the included angle between the plane of the cutting angle and the inner side plane connected with the cutting angle is 30-70 degrees.

6. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the saw blade base member is also provided with an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove, the heat dissipation groove is designed around the shaft hole, and the round hole structure at the tail end of the chip groove is positioned between the heat dissipation groove and the diamond tool bit.

7. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the saw blade matrix is made of 30CrMo steel, and the hardness is 34-38 HRC.

8. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

31-41 parts of iron, 18-24 parts of nickel, 10-18 parts of cobalt, 10-14 parts of tungsten, 5-8 parts of chromium, 15-20 parts of molybdenum, 12-15 parts of tin, 1.3-2.4 parts of phosphorus alloy, 0.9-1.5 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.1-2.3 parts of diamond.

9. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

35-40 parts of iron, 20-22 parts of nickel, 15-18 parts of cobalt, 12-13.5 parts of tungsten, 6-8 parts of chromium, 16-18 parts of molybdenum, 14-15 parts of tin, 1.6-2.2 parts of phosphorus alloy, 1.0-1.3 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.3-2.0 parts of diamond.

10. The method of manufacturing a diamond saw blade using laser welding as set forth in claim 8, wherein: in the phosphorus alloy, the phosphorus content is 4-10 wt.%, and the balance is iron; in the diamond tool bit raw material, the granularity of diamond is 40/50 meshes or 50/60 meshes, and the compressive strength of the diamond is 25-40 kg.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of diamond processing tools and welding, in particular to a method for preparing a diamond saw blade by laser welding.

Background

Under the current large background of developing economy at a high speed, low carbon and environmental protection become great tendency, and in the processes of pouring concrete pavements and engineering construction, along with the improvement of labor cost, a high-efficiency energy-saving tool is certainly favored by users.

The diamond saw blade is a cutting tool and is widely applied to cutting and processing of hard and brittle materials such as concrete, refractory materials, stones, ceramics and the like, and when a cutting machine provided with the diamond saw blade cuts materials such as concrete pavements and the like at a high speed, the saw blade performs high-speed rotary cutting. The diamond saw blade mainly comprises two parts: the cutting tip does not have the cutting effect because it contains diamond, which is the hardest material at present, and it rubs and cuts the object to be machined in the cutting tip, and diamond particles are enclosed by metal inside the cutting tip.

The diamond particles in the diamond saw blade bear impact load when being cut into and cut out, and the more prominent particles and grains can be consumed prematurely; the alternating cutting force makes the diamond particles continuously shaken in the binder to generate looseness. Meanwhile, the abrasion of the bonding agent and the sawing heat during the sawing process soften the bonding agent. This reduces the holding force of the binder, and when the cutting force on the particles is greater than the holding force, the diamond particles will fall off.

In addition, the temperature rises when the diamond saw blade cuts, and the temperature of the grinding point of the abrasive particles is generally between 250 and 700 ℃. The increase in temperature causes increased thermal stress of the diamond and the matrix leading to premature diamond particle shedding.

In practical application, for example, old concrete pavement and floor concrete are complicated in structure, various hard materials cannot be found in the interior, the saw blade rotates at a high speed for cutting, the feed speed is controlled improperly slightly, the saw blade can fall off teeth to hurt people, and research and development personnel mainly start from the direction of improving the combination force of the cutter head and a base body at present, so that the cutter head can firmly resist the impact of high-toughness materials such as reinforcing steel bars during high-speed impact cutting.

Meanwhile, in order to adapt to the use requirements of high efficiency and energy saving, the diamond saw blade is expected to reduce energy consumption, the cost of the product is more economic compared with that of a manufacturer, the market competitiveness is stronger, better economic benefits are obtained, the product is more economical and practical compared with the majority of users, the use can be met more efficiently, in a broad sense, the production cost of the whole diamond saw blade industry can be reduced, and the waste of electric energy and the excessive consumption of diamond and metal powder are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a diamond saw blade by laser welding, which reduces the impact resistance during cutting by specially designing the macro structure of the diamond saw blade, improves the holding force between matrix materials and diamond particles by optimizing the raw material powder composition and the preparation process of a cutter head, and improves the binding force between the cutter head and a substrate by optimizing the laser welding process, thereby improving the operation safety coefficient. The diamond saw blade can also reduce energy consumption and save cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing a diamond saw blade by laser welding comprises a saw blade base body and a plurality of diamond tool bits, wherein the saw blade base body is of a circular sheet structure, and the diamond tool bits are uniformly welded on the outer edge of the saw blade base body; the center of the saw blade matrix is provided with a shaft hole for mounting the diamond saw blade; the adjacent diamond tool bits are spaced and form notches, and the notches extend to the plane of the substrate to form a plurality of chip discharge grooves for discharging cutting waste;

the method for manufacturing the diamond saw blade comprises the following steps:

(1) processing a matrix:

preparing a grinding wheel matrix with a required structure by machining according to the drawing requirements;

(2) sintering and forming of the diamond tool bit:

preparing the diamond tool bit by adopting a hot-pressing sintering technology: mixing the raw materials of the cutter head according to a required proportion, carrying out cold press molding after uniform mixing, then carrying out hot press sintering, and finally obtaining the diamond cutter head by grinding through a grinding wheel abrasive belt; wherein, in the hot-pressing sintering process, the sintering temperature is 780-800 ℃, and the sintering pressure is 300-350 kg/cm²And keeping the temperature for 3-4 minutes.

(3) Laser welding:

placing the diamond tool bit on a corresponding position on the base body, adjusting the light spot of a laser welding machine to a position where the tool bit and the base body are proper, and starting the laser welding machine to weld so that the tool bit and the base body are welded together at the moment of laser penetration; by using CO₂The laser has the laser spot diameter of 0.3-0.5mm, the laser power of 1200W, the welding speed of 1.1m/min, the defocusing amount of-1 mm and the offset of 0.15 mm; the protective gas is argon, and the flow of the protective gas is 3L/min;

(4) and (3) blasting sand to the inner side surface of the tool bit of the welded diamond saw blade, and then grinding the working surface of the diamond tool bit by using a grinding wheel to expose the diamond.

In the diamond saw blade, the notch extends upwards to the plane of the substrate along a straight line or a curve, the tail end of the formed chip groove is designed to be of a round hole structure, and the diameter of the round hole structure is larger than the width of the chip groove.

The diamond tool bit is of a trapezoidal plate-shaped structure, and the section of the diamond tool bit along the radial direction of the substrate is trapezoidal; the side of the diamond tool bit welded with the substrate is arc-shaped, and the radian is adapted to the radian of the outer edge of the substrate; the plate thickness of the diamond segments is greater than the substrate thickness.

The inner side surface of the diamond tool bit is welded with the outer edge of the substrate, and the area of the outer side surface of the diamond tool bit is smaller than that of the inner side surface.

The diamond cutter head is provided with a cutting angle, and the included angle between the plane of the cutting angle and the inner side plane connected with the cutting angle is 30-70 degrees.

The saw blade base member is also provided with an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove, the heat dissipation groove is designed around the shaft hole, and the round hole structure at the tail end of the chip groove is positioned between the heat dissipation groove and the diamond tool bit.

The saw blade matrix is made of 30CrMo steel, and the hardness is 34-38 HRC.

The diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

31-41 parts of iron, 18-24 parts of nickel, 10-18 parts of cobalt, 10-14 parts of tungsten, 5-8 parts of chromium, 15-20 parts of molybdenum, 12-15 parts of tin, 1.3-2.4 parts of phosphorus alloy, 0.9-1.5 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.1-2.3 parts of diamond;

the diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

35-40 parts of iron, 20-22 parts of nickel, 15-18 parts of cobalt, 12-13.5 parts of tungsten, 6-8 parts of chromium, 16-18 parts of molybdenum, 14-15 parts of tin, 1.6-2.2 parts of phosphorus alloy, 1.0-1.3 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.3-2.0 parts of diamond;

in the phosphorus alloy, the phosphorus content is 4-10 wt.%, and the balance is iron; in the diamond tool bit raw material, the granularity of diamond is 40/50 meshes or 50/60 meshes, and the compressive strength of the diamond is 25-40 kg.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, laser welding is adopted, so that metallurgical bonding is formed between the cutter head and the substrate, the bonding strength is higher, the safety performance is better, and the cutter head can firmly resist safe cutting of high-toughness materials such as reinforcing steel bars and the like when the cutter head is subjected to high-speed impact cutting.

2. W, Mo and Cr are added into the cutter head matrix material, and a Cu element is not used, so that the thermal expansion coefficient can be greatly reduced and the melting point can be improved.

3. Although the copper-based binder has the advantages of low sintering temperature and high toughness, the copper-based binder has low strength and hardness, low bonding strength with diamond, and a thermal expansion coefficient which is far higher than W, MO and the like. Therefore, the matrix material of the present application does not use copper, but adds a proper amount of W, Ni with low thermal expansion coefficient as a framework metal, adds a proper amount of cobalt to improve the strength, the hardness and the bonding characteristics, and adds a small amount of Sn with low melting point and low hardness and a proper amount of phosphorus alloy and the like as a bonding phase.

4. The saw blade matrix adopts the chromium-molybdenum alloy steel, the chromium and molybdenum elements with higher content are also added into the matrix material of the cutter head, and the high-melting-point elements (W, Ni and the like) with high content are adopted, so that the matrix material and the matrix can be directly subjected to laser welding, the instantaneous melting and vaporization of the material of a welding seam part in the welding process are avoided, the welding seam strength can be increased, and no transition layer is additionally used; after the optimized laser welding technological parameters are matched, the thermal stress between the cutter head and the base body is reduced after welding, and the binding force between the cutter head and the base body is improved.

5. According to the invention, the high melting point W and the low melting point Cu are not used in the cutter head material, so that the sintering temperature is increased, and in order to properly reduce the sintering temperature, the phosphorus alloy is added, so that the phosphorus can promote sintering, and the sintering temperature of the matrix alloy is reduced; meanwhile, because the iron content is higher, the phosphorus can effectively prevent the hot erosion effect of iron on the diamond; the addition of phosphorus can also obviously improve the hardness and the anti-adhesion scratching performance of the material, improve the wear resistance and the bearing capacity of the matrix material, improve the impact toughness and the like.

6. The traditional saw blade matrix is made of 40Cr or 45 steel, but the two steel matrixes are not strong enough and are easy to deform in the laser welding process, and the traditional 65Mn high-carbon steel matrix is easy to generate a large amount of brittle martensite in the heat affected zone part of the laser welding; the saw blade matrix is made of 30CrMo alloy steel, the hardness is 34-38 HRC, and the welded joint is further prevented from becoming brittle on the premise of ensuring no deformation during welding.

7. Through the improved design of the diamond tool bit structure, one of two right-angle parts in the cutting direction of the saw blade is designed into a cutting angle with a specific angle, so that the impact resistance brought by the cutting process of the buffer die can be reduced.

8. Due to the optimized design of the saw blade tool bit and the chip removal hole, the cutting resistance is reduced in the cutting process, and the chip removal hole can quickly remove materials such as silt and the like in a cutting seam.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diamond saw blade according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a diamond saw blade.

In the figure: 1-saw blade matrix; 2-a diamond tool bit; 3-arc heat dissipation groove; 4-notch; 5-chip removal groove; 6-cutting corners.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the present invention, the following description is given in conjunction with the examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the present invention, features and advantages.

The invention provides a laser welding preparation process of a diamond saw blade, as shown in figure 1-2, the diamond saw blade comprises a saw blade base body 1 and diamond tool bits 2, the saw blade base body is in a circular sheet structure, and a plurality of diamond tool bits 2 are uniformly welded on the outer edge of the saw blade base body; the center of the saw blade base body is provided with a shaft hole for mounting the diamond saw blade on the cutting machine; adjacent diamond segments are spaced apart and define notches 4 which extend into the plane of the substrate to define a plurality of flutes 5 for the evacuation of cutting waste.

The notch 4 extends to the plane of the substrate along a straight line or a curved line, the tail end of the formed chip groove is designed to be of a round hole structure, and the diameter of the round hole structure is larger than the width of the chip groove. The special substrate notch design shown in fig. 1 can enhance chip removal during cutting.

The diamond tool bit is in a trapezoidal plate-shaped structure (or rectangular plate-shaped), and the section of the diamond tool bit along the radial direction of the substrate is trapezoidal (or rectangular); the side (inner side) of the diamond tool bit welded with the substrate is arc-shaped, and the radian is adapted to the radian of the outer edge of the substrate; the plate thickness of the diamond tool bit is larger than that of the substrate, and two trapezoidal surfaces of the diamond tool bit protrude out of the plane of the substrate after welding. The saw blade base body is further provided with an arc-shaped heat dissipation groove 3, the arc-shaped heat dissipation groove is designed around the shaft hole, and the round hole structure at the tail end of the chip groove is located between the heat dissipation groove and the diamond tool bit.

The inner side surface of the diamond tool bit is welded with the outer edge of the substrate, and the area of the outer side surface of the diamond tool bit is smaller than that of the inner side surface. One of two corners of the outer side of the diamond tool bit is designed to be a cutting angle 6, and an included angle between a plane where the cutting angle is located and an inner side plane connected with the cutting angle is 30-70 degrees (as shown in A in figure 1). Through the special design to the tool bit shape for the saw bit can reduce the cutting contact angle when the hard material of high-speed cutting, thereby reduces the impact resistance, can have the promotion of certain degree to saw bit cutting factor of safety.