阅读说明：本技术 一种鱼皮的超声乳化脱脂方法 (Ultrasonic emulsification degreasing method for fish skin ) 是由 张玉玲 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于水产品加工领域,涉及一种鱼皮的超声乳化脱脂方法。本发明通过按质量份数为5-10份戊二醛、70-80份蒸馏水、5-8份盐预鞣鱼皮2h后,用5-10份甲酸钠和3-8份碳酸二钠将鱼皮的PH调整为4.0,制得预鞣后的鱼皮；将预鞣后的鱼皮切片后,得到鱼皮切片；将鱼皮切片置于锥形瓶中,加入按质量份数为10-15份氢氧化钠溶液、3-5份碳酸钠溶液、5-8份十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液、5-9份NP-10溶液、10-20份AEO-9溶液及100份蒸馏水制得的脱脂剂整理液,然后对鱼皮进行超声、漂洗、烘干。本发明一种鱼皮的超声乳化脱脂方法将低量乳化剂与超声波作用相结合处理鱼皮,能够达到较高的脱脂率和较低的胶原蛋白损失率。(The invention belongs to the field of aquatic product processing, and relates to a method for ultrasonic emulsification and degreasing of fish skin. According to the method, 5-10 parts of glutaraldehyde, 70-80 parts of distilled water and 5-8 parts of salt are used for pre-tanning the fish skin for 2 hours, and then 5-10 parts of sodium formate and 3-8 parts of disodium carbonate are used for adjusting the pH of the fish skin to 4.0, so that the pre-tanned fish skin is prepared; slicing the pretanned fish skin to obtain fish skin slices; putting the fish skin slices into a conical flask, adding a degreasing agent finishing liquid prepared from 10-15 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 3-5 parts of sodium carbonate solution, 5-8 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution, 5-9 parts of NP-10 solution, 10-20 parts of AEO-9 solution and 100 parts of distilled water by mass, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, rinsing and drying on the fish skin. The ultrasonic emulsification degreasing method for the fish skin combines the action of a low-amount emulsifier and ultrasonic waves to treat the fish skin, and can achieve higher degreasing rate and lower collagen loss rate.)

1. The ultrasonic emulsification degreasing method of the fish skin is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the first step is as follows: pretanning the fish skin, adjusting the pH of the fish skin to 4.0 by using 5-10 parts of sodium formate and 3-8 parts of disodium carbonate after pretanning for 2 hours by using 5-10 parts of glutaraldehyde, 70-80 parts of distilled water and 5-8 parts of salt according to the parts by weight, and preparing the pretanning fish skin;

the second step is that: slicing the pretanned fish skin to obtain fish skin slices;

thirdly, placing the fish skin slices into a conical flask, and adding a degreasing agent finishing liquid, wherein the formula of the degreasing agent finishing liquid is as follows: 10-15 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 3-5 parts of sodium carbonate solution, 5-8 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution, 5-9 parts of NP-10 solution, 10-20 parts of AEO-9 solution and 100 parts of distilled water;

the fourth step: carrying out ultrasonic emulsification degreasing on the fish skin in a conical flask filled with degreasing agent finishing liquid to prepare the ultrasonic fish skin;

the fifth step: rinsing and filtering the fish skin subjected to ultrasonic treatment to remove residual degreasing agent finishing liquid components on the fish skin, so as to obtain rinsed fish skin;

and a sixth step: and drying the rinsed fish skin at the temperature of 80 ℃.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sodium hydroxide solution has a mass concentration of 2 g/L.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sodium carbonate solution has a mass concentration of 3 g/L.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate solution is 10 g/L.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration by mass of the NP-10 solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 1 g/L.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the AEO-9 solution is 1 g/L.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power density of ultrasonic degreasing is 2.22 × 10⁴W/m³。

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic degreasing is performed under the degreasing condition of ultrasonic degreasing time at 25 ℃ for 3h, and the ratio of the mass of the fish skin to the volume of the finishing liquid of the degreasing agent is 0.25 g/L.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of aquatic product processing, and relates to a method for ultrasonic emulsification and degreasing of fish skin.

Background

The basha fish is also named as the caballa, and has the characteristics of quick growth, large individual, easy feeding, wide eating quality, tender meat, rich protein, high nutritional value and the like. At present, the feed production is carried out on the Bass-Channa Argus only by utilizing the fish meat of the Bass-Channa Argus, and a great amount of leftovers such as fish skin, fish bone and the like are discarded, so that the environment is polluted, and the waste of materials is caused. Research shows that the skin of the basha fish contains rich collagen and is very suitable for developing collagen products. However, the skin of the salsa contains a certain amount of fat, and most of the fat is unsaturated fatty acid which is easy to be oxidized and rancid and generates peculiar smell. Therefore, degreasing becomes an essential step in the production of fish skin collagen products. The traditional degreasing process is difficult to remove ester substances in the fish skin and can cause a great amount of loss of collagen.

In recent years, ultrasonic technology has become a hotspot in degreasing research, and the invention provides a method for degreasing fish skin by ultrasonic emulsification, which aims to solve the defects of the traditional fish skin degreasing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for ultrasonically emulsifying and degreasing fish skin, which comprises the following steps:

a method for degreasing fish skin by ultrasonic emulsification comprises the following steps: pretanning fish skin, pretanning for 2 hours by using 5-10 parts by weight of glutaraldehyde, 70-80 parts by weight of distilled water and 5-8 parts by weight of salt, and adjusting the pH of the fish skin to 4.0 by using 5-10 parts by weight of sodium formate and 3-8 parts by weight of disodium carbonate to obtain pretanning fish skin;

the second step is that: after the pretanned fish skin is sliced, weighing the mass of the fish skin to obtain a fish skin slice;

thirdly, putting the fish skin slices into a conical flask with the diameter of 10m L, and adding a degreasing agent finishing liquid, wherein the degreasing agent finishing liquid is prepared from 10-15 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide solution, 3-5 parts by weight of sodium carbonate solution, 5-8 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution, 5-9 parts by weight of NP-10 solution, 10-20 parts by weight of AEO-9 solution and 100 parts by weight of distilled water;

the fourth step: carrying out ultrasonic emulsification degreasing on the basha fish skin in a conical flask filled with degreasing agent finishing liquid to prepare ultrasonic fish skin;

the fifth step: and rinsing and filtering the fish skin subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and removing the residual degreasing agent finishing liquid component on the fish skin to obtain the rinsed fish skin.

And a sixth step: and drying the rinsed fish skin, and weighing the quality of the fish skin at the moment.

Wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 2 g/L.

Wherein the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 3 g/L.

Wherein the mass concentration of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 10 g/L.

Wherein the mass concentration of the NP-10 solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 1 g/L.

Wherein the mass concentration of the AEO-9 solution in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is 1 g/L.

Wherein the ultrasonic power density in ultrasonic degreasing is 2.22 × 104W/m 3.

Wherein the ultrasonic degreasing condition is that the ultrasonic degreasing time is 3h at the temperature of 25 ℃, and the volume ratio of the mass of the fish skin to the finishing liquid of the degreasing agent is 0.25 g/L.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the fish skin is treated by combining the action of a low-amount emulsifier and ultrasonic waves, so that higher degreasing rate and lower collagen loss rate can be achieved, and compared with the method of simply using ultrasonic waves for degreasing, the degreasing rate is improved by 30-40%; meanwhile, the low-amount emulsifier in the degreasing agent finishing liquid is not easy to cause environmental pollution, saves the cost and is suitable for industrial production; in addition, the invention adopts the ultrasonic emulsification method, so that fat which can affect the extraction of collagen from fish skin is removed, and the utilization capacity of fish by-products and the production efficiency of fish skin collagen products are improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.