阅读说明：本技术 一种烟叶采收装置 (Tobacco leaf harvesting device ) 是由 陈旭初 张晓娟 阎海涛 王新中 李俊营 张子颖 刘永亮 王光辉 韩朝卿 夏阳 张 于 2020-04-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于烟草种植技术领域,尤其涉及一种烟叶采收装置,包括枪形手持部和剪切部,所述剪切部包括安装板以及上、下对应设置于安装板上的固定剪切机构和活动剪切机构,固定剪切机构包括底部开设有槽口的固定块,固定块长度方向一端与安装板固定连接,且其槽口内固设有刃部朝下设置的固定刀片；活动剪切机构包括顶部开设有凹槽的活动块,活动块的凹槽内设有活动刀片,活动刀片朝向安装板一端的底面呈楔面状并与楔块的楔面底部贴合,安装板上对应凹槽处开设有第一缺口,枪形手持部内的传动机构穿过第一缺口后与楔块连接,本发明结构简单,能够高效、无损伤地实现烟叶和烟株的分离,同时操作简单,只需某一手指受力,防止采收人员的手部肌肉劳损。(The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf harvesting device which comprises a gun-shaped handheld part and a shearing part, wherein the shearing part comprises an installation plate, and a fixed shearing mechanism and a movable shearing mechanism which are arranged on the installation plate in an up-down corresponding manner; the movable shearing mechanism comprises a movable block with a groove formed in the top, a movable blade is arranged in the groove of the movable block, the bottom surface of one end, facing the mounting plate, of the movable blade is in a wedge surface shape and is attached to the bottom of the wedge surface of the wedge block, a first notch is formed in the mounting plate corresponding to the groove, and a transmission mechanism in the gun-shaped handheld portion penetrates through the first notch and then is connected with the wedge block.)

1. A tobacco leaf harvesting device is characterized by comprising a gun-shaped handheld portion and a shearing portion, wherein the shearing portion comprises a mounting plate, a fixed shearing mechanism and a movable shearing mechanism which are arranged on the mounting plate in an up-down corresponding mode,

the fixed shearing mechanism comprises a fixed block with a notch at the bottom, one end of the fixed block in the length direction is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and a fixed blade with a downward blade part is fixedly arranged in the notch;

the movable shearing mechanism comprises a movable block, the top of the movable block is provided with a groove, a movable blade with an upward cutting edge is arranged in the groove of the movable block, the bottom surface of one end, facing the mounting plate, of the movable blade is in a wedge shape and is attached to the bottom of the wedge surface of the wedge block, a first notch is formed in the mounting plate corresponding to the groove, and a transmission mechanism in the gun-shaped handheld portion penetrates through the first notch and then is connected with the wedge block;

the gun-shaped handheld part comprises a handle and a sleeve structure which are both hollow structures and are communicated with each other, the sleeve structure comprises an adjusting sleeve connected by screw threads, one end of the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and the other end of the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected with the top of the handle;

and the mounting plate is provided with coatings with different maturity tobacco leaf colors.

2. The tobacco harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a push rod, one end of the push rod penetrates through the first notch on the mounting plate and is connected with the top surface of the wedge block, the other end of the push rod is vertically bent and is vertically connected with one end of the adjusting rod, the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with one end of a transmission rod through a bearing, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with a pin shaft at the top of a connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is obliquely arranged towards the mounting plate and is connected with one end of a pull rod through a pin shaft, the other end of the pull rod.

3. The tobacco leaf harvesting device of claim 2, wherein a spring is provided on the pull rod between the pull block and the outer wall of the handle.

4. The tobacco leaf harvesting device of claim 2, wherein the adjustment lever, the bearing and the drive rod are all disposed coaxially with the adjustment sleeve.

5. The tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 1, further comprising a clamping mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a fixed clamping block and a movable clamping block which are correspondingly arranged up and down and located at the same side of the shearing mechanism, the fixed clamping block is connected with the fixed block, the movable clamping block is connected with a movable frame arranged on the movable block, and elastic silica gel membranes are correspondingly arranged on the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block.

6. The tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 5, wherein the movable frame comprises frame bodies matched with two ends of the top of the movable block in the length direction, the groove and the movable blade are located between the frame bodies, a second notch is formed in one end, far away from the mounting plate, of the movable block, the second notch is communicated with the groove, an ejector block used for pushing the frame bodies is arranged in the second notch in a sliding mode, and the ejector block is connected with the movable blade.

7. The tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 6, wherein bases are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the movable block, the bases extend along the length direction of the movable block, guide blocks are vertically arranged on the bottom of the frame body, the guide blocks are located above the bases and are provided with through holes in advance, and guide rods vertically arranged on the bases are in clearance fit with the through holes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf harvesting device.

Background

At present, the tobacco leaf harvesting adopts manual operation, namely the end part of a tobacco leaf stalk is manually separated from a tobacco plant, or the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk is directly broken by hands, or the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk is cut off from the joint of the tobacco leaf stalk and the tobacco plant by scissors. The tobacco leaves are folded by hand most conveniently without the cooperation of other tools, but when the tobacco leaves are broken, part of the epidermis of the tobacco plant is easily torn from the tobacco plant along with the breakage of the tobacco leaves, so that the subsequent growth of the tobacco plant is not facilitated, and nutrients are supplied to the tobacco leaves at other parts (the tobacco leaves at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tobacco plant have larger maturation time intervals, so that the tobacco leaves are collected in different parts), and meanwhile, the fracture shapes at the end parts of the tobacco leaf stems are inconsistent, so that the tobacco leaves are not conducive to the post-; although the tobacco plants cannot be damaged by the mode of cutting the tobacco leaves by the scissors, the tobacco leaves are easy to be punctured by the scissors in the actions of advancing, overturning and the like due to dense tobacco leaf growth and wide leaf surfaces, the cut tobacco leaves need to be matched and caught by the other hand after being cut, and meanwhile, muscle strain can be caused after the hands of a tobacco grower repeatedly hold the tobacco leaves for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tobacco leaf harvesting device which is simple in structure, capable of efficiently separating tobacco leaves from tobacco plants without damage, simple in operation and capable of preventing hand muscle strain of harvesting personnel by only applying force to a certain finger.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a tobacco leaf harvesting device comprises a gun-shaped handheld portion and a shearing portion, wherein the shearing portion comprises a mounting plate, a fixed shearing mechanism and a movable shearing mechanism which are arranged on the mounting plate in an up-down corresponding mode,

the fixed shearing mechanism comprises a fixed block with a notch at the bottom, one end of the fixed block in the length direction is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and a fixed blade with a downward blade part is fixedly arranged in the notch;

the movable shearing mechanism comprises a movable block, the top of the movable block is provided with a groove, a movable blade with an upward cutting edge is arranged in the groove of the movable block, the bottom surface of one end, facing the mounting plate, of the movable blade is in a wedge shape and is attached to the bottom of the wedge surface of the wedge block, a first notch is formed in the mounting plate corresponding to the groove, and a transmission mechanism in the gun-shaped handheld portion penetrates through the first notch and then is connected with the wedge block;

the gun-shaped handheld part comprises a handle and a sleeve structure which are both hollow structures and are communicated with each other, the sleeve structure comprises an adjusting sleeve connected by screw threads, one end of the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and the other end of the adjusting sleeve is fixedly connected with the top of the handle;

and the mounting plate is provided with coatings with different maturity tobacco leaf colors.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a push rod, one end of the push rod penetrates through a first notch in the mounting plate and then is connected with the top surface of the wedge block, the other end of the push rod is vertically bent and then is vertically connected with one end of the adjusting rod, the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with one end of the transmission rod through a bearing, the other end of the transmission rod is connected with a pin shaft at the top of the connecting rod, the bottom end of the connecting rod is obliquely arranged towards the mounting plate and is connected with one end of the pull rod through a pin shaft, the other.

Preferably, a spring is arranged on the pull rod between the pull block and the outer wall of the handle.

Preferably, the adjusting rod, the bearing and the transmission rod are coaxially arranged with the adjusting sleeve.

Preferably, the device still includes fixture, fixture includes that upper and lower correspondence sets up and is located the fixed clamp splice and the activity clamp splice of shearing mechanism homonymy, and fixed clamp splice is connected with the fixed block, and the activity clamp splice is connected with the adjustable shelf that sets up on the movable block, corresponds on fixed clamp splice and the activity clamp splice and is equipped with the elasticity silica gel membrane.

Preferably, the adjustable shelf includes with movable block top length direction both ends complex support body, recess and movable blade are located between the support body, and second breach intercommunication recess have been seted up to the one end of keeping away from the mounting panel on the movable block for the kicking block of ejection support body slides and sets up in the second breach, and the kicking block is connected with movable blade.

Preferably, the movable block bottom both sides are equipped with the base, and the base prolongs the movable block length direction and extends the setting, the perpendicular extension of support body bottom is equipped with the guide block, and the guide block is located the base top and has preset the through-hole, the guide bar and the through-hole clearance fit that set up perpendicularly on the base.

The using process of the invention is as follows:

firstly, the handle is held by hand, the cutting part of the invention is inserted into the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk, then the planes of the fixed block and the movable block are attached to the plant rod of the tobacco plant, and the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk is arranged at the gap between the fixed shearing mechanism and the movable shearing mechanism, then the finger overcomes the elastic force of the spring to return the hook pulling block, the pulling block drives the pull rod to move towards the inside of the handle, the pull rod pushes the bottom of the connecting rod to move towards the inside of the handle, the top of the connecting rod moves towards the mounting plate, the top of the connecting rod drives the transmission rod, the bearing, the adjusting rod and the push rod to move towards the mounting plate, the push rod moves along the first notch and pushes the wedge block to move along the bottom surface of the groove, the wedge block utilizes the sliding fit of the wedge surface and the wedge surface of the movable blade to force the movable blade to do ascending movement, namely, the movable blade is pushed up by the wedge block, and the bottom surface of the movable blade at the highest position of upward movement is in contact with the wedge block and the top surface of the push rod;

the movable blade drives the ejector block to move upwards, when the cutting part of the movable blade moves out of the groove and contacts the end surface of the tobacco leaf stem, the ejector block moves out of the second notch and pushes the frame body to drive the movable frame and the movable clamping block to move upwards, when the cutting part of the movable blade cuts into the tobacco leaf stem and contacts the fixed blade to cut off, the movable clamping block just matches with the fixed clamping block to clamp the tobacco leaf stem by using the elastic silicone film, the elastic silicone film simultaneously matches with the gap between the two clamping blocks by using the self deformation to stably and softly clamp the tobacco leaf stem, so that the tobacco leaf stem moves along with the movement of the harvesting device, when the harvesting device moves out of the growth range of tobacco plants, the fingers reset and do not apply force to the pulling block, the spring drives the pulling block and the corresponding transmission mechanism and the wedge block to reset, and the movable clamping block and the movable blade reset under.

Of course, the precondition of the above process is to ensure that the shearing mechanism is always located between the clamping mechanism and the tobacco plant, otherwise the width of the clamping mechanism itself will affect the shearing position of the shearing mechanism on the tobacco leaf stalk. Generally, the position of the cutting mechanism relative to the tobacco plant is changed by turning over the wrist and other actions which affect the operation comfort, for example, the current tobacco leaf is cut in a state that the wrist with the tiger mouth facing upwards applies force normally, but when the tobacco leaf growing on the other side of the tobacco plant relative to the current tobacco leaf is cut, the wrist turning action with the tiger mouth facing downwards is needed, otherwise, the part clamped by the clamping mechanism is the petiole remaining on the tobacco plant rather than the cut tobacco leaf.

The present invention overcomes this problem: the threaded connection part of the adjusting sleeve is rotated, so that the mounting plate drives the shearing mechanism and the clamping mechanism to rotate in the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, the push rod drives the bearing inner ring to rotate around the transmission rod, so that the rotation of the mounting plate and the wedge block cannot influence the adjusting sleeve and the handle inner transmission machine. Therefore, the cutting mechanism can always be used for cutting the tobacco plant by being attached to the tobacco plant on the basis of keeping the hands from rotating.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the gun-shaped hand-held part structure is adopted, the force application of the hand is more facilitated, the shearing action is realized by hooking the pulling block by the fingers, the index finger, the middle finger and the ring finger can alternately operate, and the fatigue feeling of the hand caused by long-time operation is reduced;

2) the blade is hidden in the fixed block and the movable block in the moving process before cutting, so that cutting damage to tobacco leaves is avoided; meanwhile, the clamping mechanism can clamp the cut tobacco leaf stems in the cutting process, so that the phenomena of falling, breaking and the like of the tobacco leaves are prevented;

3) the installation plate is provided with recommended standard color coatings of tobacco leaves in three mature states of maturity, under-mature state and over-mature state, the collection personnel can roughly compare the current tobacco leaves with the recommended standard color coatings, and roughly divide the maturity of the current tobacco leaves and then place the tobacco leaves in a classified manner, so that the tobacco leaves with the same maturity can be conveniently and subsequently baked in the same kang.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tobacco leaf harvesting device in an embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the tobacco leaf harvesting device in the specific embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a tobacco harvesting device comprises a gun-shaped hand-held part, a cutting part and a clamping mechanism,

the gun-shaped handheld portion comprises a handle 12 and a sleeve structure which are hollow structures and are communicated with each other, the sleeve structure comprises an adjusting sleeve 11 which is in threaded connection, one end of the adjusting sleeve 11 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 1, the other end of the adjusting sleeve 11 is fixedly connected with the top of the handle 12, a transmission mechanism is arranged in the gun-shaped handheld portion and comprises a push rod 32, one end of the push rod 32 penetrates through a first notch (not shown in the figure) in the mounting plate 1, the other end of the push rod 32 is vertically bent and is vertically connected with one end of an adjusting rod 33, the other end of the adjusting rod 33 is connected with one end of a transmission rod 35 through a bearing 34, the other end of the transmission rod 35 is connected with a pin shaft at the top of a connecting rod 36, the bottom end of the connecting rod 36 is obliquely arranged towards the mounting plate 1 and is connected with one end of a pull rod 37 through a, specifically, the adjusting rod 33, the bearing 34 and the transmission rod 35 are all coaxially arranged with the adjusting sleeve 11.

The shearing part comprises a fixed shearing mechanism and a movable shearing mechanism which are arranged on the mounting plate 1 in an upper-lower corresponding mode, wherein:

the fixed shearing mechanism comprises a fixed block 21 with a notch at the bottom, one end of the fixed block 21 in the length direction is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 1, and a fixed blade 22 with a downward blade part is fixedly arranged in the notch;

mechanism is sheared in activity includes that the notched movable block 23 is seted up at the top, be equipped with movable blade 24 in the recess of movable block 23, movable blade 24 is wedge face form and laminates with voussoir 31's wedge face bottom towards the bottom surface of 1 one end of mounting panel, correspond the groove on the mounting panel 1 and seted up first breach, be connected with voussoir 31 after the first breach is passed to push rod 32 tip, push rod 32 top surface and voussoir 31 top surface parallel and level and smooth transition, push rod 32's the perpendicular department of bending contactless threaded sleeve 11 inner walls simultaneously.

The clamping mechanism comprises a fixed clamping block 41 and a movable clamping block 42 which are arranged correspondingly from top to bottom and located on the same side of the shearing mechanism, the fixed clamping block 41 is integrally connected with the fixed block 21, the movable clamping block 42 is connected with a movable frame 43 arranged on the movable block 23, and elastic silica gel membranes 46 are arranged at corresponding positions on the fixed clamping block 41 and the movable clamping block 42.

The adjustable shelf 43 includes and moves 23 top length direction both ends complex support body, recess and movable blade 24 are located between the support body, and second breach 25 intercommunication recess have been seted up to the one end of keeping away from the mounting panel on the movable block 23 for the kicking block 45 of ejection support body slides and sets up in second breach 25, and kicking block 45 is connected with movable blade 24.

The movable block 23 bottom both sides are equipped with base 5, and base 5 extends the length direction extension of movable block 23, the support body bottom is extended perpendicularly and is equipped with guide block 44, and guide block 44 is located base 5 top and has preset the through-hole, the guide bar 51 and the through-hole clearance fit that set up perpendicularly on the base 5.

The mounting plate 1 is provided with coatings with different maturity tobacco leaf recommended standard colors.

The using process of the invention is as follows:

firstly, the handle 12 is held by hand, the cutting part of the invention is inserted into the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk, then the plane where the fixed block 21 and the movable block 23 are positioned is attached to the tobacco plant rod, and the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk is arranged at the gap between the fixed shearing mechanism and the movable shearing mechanism, then the finger overcomes the elasticity of the spring 39 to hook the pulling block 38, the pulling block 38 drives the pulling rod 37 to move towards the inner part of the handle, and then the pull rod 37 pushes the bottom of the connecting rod 36 to move towards the inside of the handle, the top of the connecting rod 36 to move towards the mounting plate 1, the top of the connecting rod 36 drives the transmission rod 35, the bearing 34, the adjusting rod 33 and the push rod 32 to move towards the mounting plate, the push rod 32 moves along the first notch and pushes the wedge 31 to move along the bottom surface of the groove, the wedge 31 utilizes the sliding fit of the wedge surface and the wedge surface of the movable blade 24 to force the movable blade 24 to move upwards, namely, movable blade 24 is pushed up by wedge 31, and the highest position of upward movement of movable blade 24 is that the bottom surface of movable blade contacts wedge 31 and the top surface of push rod 32;

the movable blade 24 drives the top block 45 to move upwards, when the edge of the movable blade 24 moves out of the groove and contacts the surface of the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk, the top block 45 moves out of the second gap 25 and pushes the frame body 43 to drive the movable frame and the movable clamping block 42 to move upwards, when the edge of the movable blade 24 cuts into the tobacco stem and contacts the fixed blade 22 to complete the cut, the movable clamping block 42 is just matched with the fixed clamping block 41 to clamp the tobacco leaf stalk by using the elastic silicon film 46, the elastic silicon film 46 is matched with the gap between the two clamping blocks by using the self deformation, can stably and softly clamp the tobacco leaf stalks, so that the tobacco leaf stalks move along with the movement of the harvesting device, when the harvesting device moves out of the tobacco plant growth range, the fingers reset and do not apply force to the pulling block 38 any more, the spring drives the pulling block, the corresponding transmission mechanism and the wedge block to reset, and the movable clamping block and the movable blade reset under the dead weight.

Of course, the precondition of the above process is to ensure that the shearing mechanism is always located between the clamping mechanism and the tobacco plant, otherwise the width of the clamping mechanism itself will affect the shearing position of the shearing mechanism on the tobacco leaf stalk. Generally, the position of the cutting mechanism relative to the tobacco plant is changed by turning over the wrist and other actions which affect the operation comfort, for example, the current tobacco leaf is cut in a state that the wrist with the tiger mouth facing upwards applies force normally, but when the tobacco leaf growing on the other side of the tobacco plant relative to the current tobacco leaf is cut, the wrist turning action with the tiger mouth facing downwards is needed, otherwise, the part clamped by the clamping mechanism is the petiole remaining on the tobacco plant rather than the cut tobacco leaf.

The present invention overcomes this problem: the threaded connection of the adjusting sleeve 11 is rotated, so that the mounting plate 1 drives the shearing mechanism and the clamping mechanism to rotate circumferentially, and meanwhile, the push rod 32 drives the inner ring of the bearing 34 to rotate around the transmission rod 35, so that the rotation of the mounting plate 1 and the wedge 31 cannot affect the transmission mechanism in the adjusting sleeve 11 and the handle 12. Therefore, the cutting mechanism can always be used for cutting the tobacco plant by being attached to the tobacco plant on the basis of keeping the hands from rotating. Of course, relative rotation of the adjustment sleeve will cause a change in the overall length of the adjustment sleeve, but this change in length is quite limited and its effect on the wedge can be compensated for by the length of the push rod itself.