阅读说明：本技术 一种制备黄秋葵粘多糖的方法 (Method for preparing okra mucopolysaccharide ) 是由 苏德辉 程劲芝 邱杰 董晓群 何丽君 赖开平 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种从黄秋葵果夹中制备粘多糖的方法。该方法包括用醇溶液在均质和加热条件下将果夹均质脱色除杂,脱色除杂后的果渣加水溶解,过滤,滤液经浓缩、干燥即得到黄秋葵粘多糖。本发明工艺生产步骤少,所需设备和操作方法简单,所得的粘多糖颜色浅且保持其原有的特性。(The invention discloses a method for preparing mucopolysaccharide from okra fruit pulp. The method comprises homogenizing, decolorizing and removing impurities with alcohol solution under homogenizing and heating condition, dissolving decolorized and impurity-removed fruit residue in water, filtering, concentrating the filtrate, and drying to obtain okra mucopolysaccharide. The invention has the advantages of few production steps, simple required equipment and operation method, and light color of the obtained mucopolysaccharide and maintenance of the original characteristics of the mucopolysaccharide.)

1. A method for preparing okra mucopolysaccharide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) decoloring and removing impurities;

2) extracting okra mucopolysaccharide to obtain a mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution;

3) drying the mucopolysaccharide concentrate.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific preparation process of the decolorization and impurity removal of the okra in the step 1) is as follows:

cleaning and chopping fresh okra, adding ethanol with the weight 1-4 times that of the okra, homogenizing for 2-20 minutes, extracting for 0.5-2 hours at 25-80 ℃, filtering, and extracting for 1-4 times filter residues for 0.5-2 hours at 25-80 ℃ by using 50-95% ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 1-4 times that of the okra.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the okra mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution in step 2) is prepared by the following steps:

adding water 2-10 times the weight of okra into the filter residue obtained in the step 1, extracting at 20-70 ℃ for 0.5-2 h, and filtering; extracting for 1-4 times; combining the filtrates for 1-4 times, and concentrating under reduced pressure.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration in step 2) is performed under a vacuum degree of-0.06 to-0.098 MPa and at a temperature of 40 to 70 ℃ to 1/10 to 1/50 of the original volume.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) is performed in a vacuum dryer, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃ to 70 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-0.06 to-0.1 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of food and daily cosmetics, in particular to a method for preparing okra mucopolysaccharide.

Background

The young okra fruits have the functions of promoting digestion, treating gastritis and gastric ulcer, protecting the liver and enhancing the tolerance of the human body. It contains a mucilage, whose main components are pectin and viscous glycoprotein, and has very good thickening effect, i.e. good consistency even at one ten thousandth concentration. The mucus has the main pharmacological actions of resisting oxidation, removing free radicals, resisting fatigue and tumor, improving the immunity of the organism, reducing lung injury, reducing blood fat and blood sugar and the like. In the food industry, the okra mucilage can increase the stability of the product and can be developed into a healthy and energy-supplementing instant product; in the daily cosmetic industry, the okra mucilage can be used for thickening products, improving the stability of the products and also can be used as a humectant of skin care products.

Because the okra mucopolysaccharide is not resistant to shearing in an aqueous solution, the original properties of the okra mucopolysaccharide are basically destroyed in a plurality of extraction methods at present, the viscosity of the extracted polysaccharide is greatly reduced, and the application range of the okra mucopolysaccharide is reduced or the use cost of the okra mucopolysaccharide is increased due to the extremely large use amount of a solvent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of okra mucopolysaccharide, and the okra mucopolysaccharide prepared by the method can keep the original characteristics.

The invention relates to a preparation method of okra mucopolysaccharide, which comprises the following steps:

1) decoloring and removing impurities;

2) extracting okra mucopolysaccharide to obtain polysaccharide concentrated solution;

3) drying the polysaccharide concentrate.

Preferably, the specific preparation process of the decolorization and impurity removal of the okra in the step 1) is as follows:

cleaning and chopping fresh okra, adding ethanol with the weight 1-4 times that of the okra, homogenizing for 2-20 minutes, extracting for 0.5-2 hours at 25-80 ℃, filtering, and extracting for 1-4 times filter residues for 0.5-2 hours at 25-80 ℃ by using 50-95% ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 1-4 times that of the okra.

Preferably, the specific preparation process of the decolorization and impurity removal of the okra in the step 1) is as follows:

cleaning and chopping fresh okra, adding ethanol with the weight 1.5 times that of the okra, homogenizing for 5-10 minutes by using a homogenizer, extracting for 0.5-1 hour at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, extracting for 0.5-2 hours by using 60-80% ethanol aqueous solution with the weight 2 times that of the okra at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and filtering for 2 times;

the okra mucopolysaccharide can be well protected while pigment and impurities are removed by using an alcohol solution.

Preferably, the preparation process of the okra mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution in the step 2) is as follows:

adding water 2-10 times the weight of okra into the filter residue obtained in the step 1, extracting at 20-70 ℃ for 0.5-2 h, and filtering; extracting for 1-4 times; combining the filtrates for 1-4 times, and concentrating under the conditions of vacuum degree of-0.06-0.098 MPa and temperature of 40-70 ℃ to 1/10-1/50 of the original volume.

Preferably, the preparation process of the okra mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution in the step 2) is as follows:

adding water 2-8 times the weight of okra into the filter residue obtained in the step 1, extracting for 0.5-1 h at 20-60 ℃, and filtering; extracting for 3 times; combining the filtrates for 1-3 times, and concentrating under the conditions of vacuum degree of-0.08 to-0.098 MPa and temperature of 50-65 ℃ to 1/20-1/40 of the original volume.

Preferably, the drying preparation process of the okra mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution in the step 3) is as follows:

the drying is carried out in a vacuum drier, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃ to 70 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.06 MPa to-0.1 MPa.

Preferably, the drying preparation process of the okra mucopolysaccharide concentrated solution in the step 3) is as follows:

the drying is carried out in a vacuum drier, wherein the drying temperature is 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa to-0.1 MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the original characteristics of okra mucopolysaccharide can be kept when the okra mucopolysaccharide is rehydrated and dissolved;

2. the obtained okra mucopolysaccharide has high purity.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available by commercial purchase.

Example 1

The preparation method comprises the following steps

Weighing 1000g of fresh okra, cleaning, chopping, adding 1500g of ethanol, homogenizing for 5min, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 1500g of 80% ethanol into filter residue, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 1500g of 80% ethanol into filter residue, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 2000g of water into filter residue, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, extracting for 3 times in total, combining the 3 times of filtrates, concentrating to 1/10 of the original volume at 60 ℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa, taking out the concentrated solution, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum drying oven, drying at 50 ℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa, taking out and crushing to obtain 11.2g of okra mucopolysaccharide. 0.0100g of the powder is weighed out and dissolved in 100mL of water, the aqueous solution being transparent and still threadable.

Example 2

The preparation method comprises the following steps

Weighing 1000g of fresh okra, cleaning, chopping, adding 2000g of ethanol, homogenizing for 5min, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 2000g of 70% ethanol into filter residue, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 2000g of 70% ethanol into filter residue, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 6000g of water into filter residue, stirring for 30min at 20 ℃, filtering, extracting for 3 times, combining the filtrate for 3 times, concentrating to 1/30 of the original volume at 50 ℃, vacuum degree of-0.09 MPa, placing into a vacuum drying oven, drying at 60 ℃, vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa, taking out, and crushing to obtain 12.5g of okra mucopolysaccharide. 0.0100g of the powder is weighed out and dissolved in 100mL of water, the aqueous solution being transparent and still threadable.

Example 3

The preparation method comprises the following steps

Weighing 1000g of fresh okra, cleaning, chopping, adding 3000g of ethanol, homogenizing for 5min, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 2000g of 50% ethanol into filter residue, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 2000g of 50% ethanol into filter residue, stirring for 30min, filtering, adding 10000g of water into filter residue, stirring for 30min at 20 ℃, filtering, extracting for 3 times in total, combining the filtrate for 3 times, concentrating at 40 ℃, the vacuum degree of-0.98 MPa, taking out the concentrated solution, putting the concentrated solution into a vacuum drying oven, drying at 70 ℃, the vacuum degree of-0.1 MPa, taking out and crushing to obtain 13.7g of okra mucopolysaccharide. 0.0100g of the powder is weighed out and dissolved in 100mL of water, the aqueous solution being transparent and still threadable.

Comparative example

The preparation method comprises the following steps

Weighing 1000g of fresh okra, cleaning, chopping, adding 2000g of water, homogenizing for 5min, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for 30min, filtering, extracting for 3 times in total, combining the 3 times of filtrate, concentrating to 1/30 of the original volume at 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of minus 0.08MPa, adding 500mL of ethanol, centrifuging for 10min at 4000r/min, putting the precipitate into a vacuum drying oven, drying at 70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of minus 0.1MPa, taking out and crushing to obtain 15.2g of okra mucopolysaccharide. 0.100g of the powder was weighed out and dissolved in 100mL of water, and the aqueous solution was a pale pink translucent liquid and could not be pulled into a filamentous shape.

In the above preparation experiments, the preparation was carried out according to the steps in examples 1 to 3, the preparation process was smooth and stable, and the okra mucopolysaccharide with high viscosity after rehydration was prepared.

In the process of preparing the okra mucopolysaccharide according to the method given in the comparative example, the structure of the okra mucopolysaccharide is damaged and a lot of impurities are dissolved out, so that the obtained okra mucopolysaccharide has greatly reduced viscosity, low polysaccharide content and darker color.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.