阅读说明：本技术 一种直流电机正反转切换系统 (Direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system ) 是由 侯建平 吴颜飞 李文珏 李蔚超 阮美琪 肖文季 于 2018-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种直流电机正反转切换系统,包括电源部件1、电源部件2、连接于电源部件1正极与直流电机正转输入端之间的二极管D1、连接于电源部件2正极与直流电机反转输入端之间的二极管D2、与直流电机正转输入端连接的开关1、与直流电机反转输入端连接的开关2、用于根据电源部件1和电源部件2工作状态控制开关1通/断的开关控制电路1、用于根据电源部件和电源部件2工作状态控制开关2通/断的开关控制电路2,开关1经导线与电源部件1负极连接,开关2经导线与电源部件2负极连接。本发明不仅能够效防止电机反电动势对电源部件产生危害,而且回路开关器件数量少,提高了系统可靠性,降低了系统功耗。(A direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system comprises a power supply part 1, a power supply part 2, a diode D1 connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 1 and the positive rotation input end of a direct current motor, a diode D2 connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 2 and the negative rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch 1 connected with the positive rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch 2 connected with the negative rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch control circuit 1 used for controlling the on/off of the switch 1 according to the working states of the power supply part 1 and the power supply part 2, and a switch control circuit 2 used for controlling the on/off of the switch 2 according to the working states of the power supply part and the power supply part 2, wherein the switch 1 is connected with the negative pole of the power supply part 1 through a. The invention can not only effectively prevent the damage of the back electromotive force of the motor to the power supply components, but also has less loop switch devices, thereby improving the system reliability and reducing the system power consumption.)

1. The utility model provides a direct current motor is switching system that is just reversing which characterized in that: comprises a power supply part 1 (1), a power supply part 2 (2), a diode D1 (6) connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 1 (1) and the positive rotation input end of a direct current motor (5), a diode D2 (9) connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 2 (2) and the reverse rotation input end of the direct current motor (5), a switch 1 (8) connected with the positive rotation input end of the direct current motor (5), a switch 2 (11) connected with the reverse rotation input end of the direct current motor (5), a switch control circuit 1 (7) for controlling the on/off of the switch 1 (8) according to the working states of the power supply part 1 (1) and the power supply part 2 (2), a switch control circuit 2 (10) for controlling the on/off of the switch 2 (11) according to the working states of the power supply part 1 (1) and the power supply part 2 (2), wherein the switch 1 (8) is connected with the negative pole of the power supply part 1, the switch 2 (11) is connected with the negative pole of the power supply part 2 (2) through a lead.

2. The direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switch control circuit 1 (7) and the switch control circuit 2 (10) are composed of a resistor and an NPN type triode.

3. The direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diodes D1 (6) and D2 (9) are Schottky diodes.

4. The direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the switches 1 (8) and 2 (11) are N-channel field effect transistors.

5. The direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the direct current motor (5) is a single-phase brushless direct current motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positive and negative rotation switching system of a direct current motor.

Background

The dc motor can change the motor direction in the following two ways. One is to reverse the voltage across the armature and change the direction of the armature current. One is to change the polarity of the field winding, i.e. change the direction of the main magnetic field.

The rotation direction of the direct current motor coil and the rotation direction of the motor are related to the current direction and the magnetic field direction in the motor coil, and the movement direction of the coil can be changed when any one factor of the current direction and the magnetic field direction in the motor coil is changed. The direction of rotation of the motor is typically changed by changing the direction of the current in the coils.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a direct current motor forward and reverse rotation switching system with high efficiency and stable performance, which can effectively reduce the pressure drop of a control loop and improve the loop efficiency.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching system comprises a power supply part 1, a power supply part 2, a diode D1 connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 1 and the positive rotation input end of a direct current motor, a diode D2 connected between the positive pole of the power supply part 2 and the negative rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch 1 connected with the positive rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch 2 connected with the negative rotation input end of the direct current motor, a switch control circuit 1 used for controlling the on/off of the switch 1 according to the working states of the power supply part 1 and the power supply part 2, and a switch control circuit 2 used for controlling the on/off of the switch 2 according to the working states of the power supply part and the power supply part 2, wherein the switch 1 is connected with the negative pole of the power supply part 1 through a.

The switch control circuit 1 and the switch control circuit 2 are composed of a resistor and an NPN type triode.

The diodes D1 and D2 are Schottky diodes.

The switch 1 and the switch 2 are N-channel field effect transistors.

The direct current motor is a single-phase brushless direct current motor.

The switch 1 and the switch 2 adopt N-channel field effect transistors, the switch control circuit 1 and the switch control circuit 2 control drain current by controlling the grid-source voltage of the field effect transistors, the grid input current is extremely low, and the control of small current on large current is realized.

Diode D1 and diode D2 are schottky diodes. The forward conduction voltage of the Schottky diode is reduced, the reverse recovery time is short, and the back electromotive force current of the direct current motor can be effectively prevented from flowing back to a power supply.

The power supply part 1 and the power supply part 2 have three input states, namely a, the power supply part 1 supplies power, and the power supply part 2 is disconnected; b. the power supply part 1 is disconnected, and the power supply part 2 works; c. both the power supply section 1 and the power supply section 2 are off.

In an input state, the switch control circuit 1 controls the switch 1 to be switched off, and the switch control circuit 2 controls the switch 2 to be switched on; b, in the input state, the switch control circuit 1 controls the switch 1 to be switched on, and the switch control circuit 2 controls the switch 2 to be switched off; and c, under the input state, no power supply is input, and the motor stops rotating.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the direct current motor forward and reverse rotation switching system circuit can control the forward and reverse rotation of the direct current motor according to different power input, and is simple in control circuit structure, small in overall power consumption and high in safety.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the circuit components of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the working principle of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a power supply part 12, a power supply part 23, a control part 1

4. Control unit 25 DC motor

6. Diode D17, switch control circuit 18, switch 1

9. Diode D210, switch control circuit 211, switch 2.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1 and 2, the present invention is composed of a power supply unit 1 (1), a power supply unit 2 (2), a control unit 1 (3), a control unit 2 (4), and a dc motor (5), wherein the power supply unit 1 (1) is connected with the control unit 1 (3) and the control unit 2 (4), the power supply unit 2 (2) is connected with the control unit 1 (3) and the control unit 2 (4), the control unit 1 (3) is connected with the dc motor (5), and the control unit 2 (4) is connected with the dc motor (5). The control part 1 (3) comprises a diode D1 (6), a switch control circuit 1 (7) and a switch 1 (8). The control section 2 (4) includes a diode D2 (9), a switch control circuit 2 (10), and a switch 2 (11).

When the electric vehicle works, only one path of the power supply part 1 (1) and the power supply part 2 (2) provides power to drive the direct current motor (5) at the same time. The two power supplies are connected with the ground in common.

When the power supply part 1 (1) is used as a driving power supply, the switch control circuit 1 (7) controls the switch 1 (8) to be turned off, the switch control circuit 2 (10) controls the switch 2 (11) to be turned on, and current flows from the anode of the power supply part 1 (1) through the diode D1 (6), the direct current motor (5) to the switch 2 (11) and finally returns to the cathode of the power supply part 2 (2), namely the common ground end of the two power supplies.

When the power supply part 2 (2) is used as a driving power supply, the switch control circuit 2 (10) controls the switch 2 (11) to be turned off, the switch control circuit 1 (7) controls the switch 1 (8) to be turned on, and current flows from the anode of the power supply part 2 (2) through the diode D2 (9), the direct current motor (5) to the switch 1 (8) and finally returns to the cathode of the power supply part 1 (1).

In the forward and reverse switching circuit of the direct current motor, the diode D1 (6) and the diode D2 (9) both have one-way conductivity and short reverse recovery time, so that damage of the counter electromotive force of the motor to power supply parts can be effectively prevented, and the system safety is improved.

The direct current motor in the direct current motor positive and negative rotation switching circuit runs in a loop, current only flows through one diode and one switch after flowing out of the positive electrode of the power supply part, the loop voltage drop is small, and the loop power consumption is small. And the number of switching devices in the loop is reduced, and the reliability of the system is improved.