阅读说明：本技术 一种气熔连拉石英棒的生产设备及工艺 (Production equipment and process for gas-melting continuous-drawing quartz rod ) 是由 花宁 王友军 徐肖飞 秦建鸿 李怀阳 隋镁深 孔敏 于 2019-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明特指一种气熔连拉石英棒的生产设备及工艺,属于石英棒生产技术领域,包括炉体、熔池和牵引机,所述熔池设置于炉体内,所述炉体的顶端设置有用于进料的石英灯,所述熔池位于石英灯正下方,所述熔池的底部设置有下料口,所述牵引机位于炉体的下方,且牵引机上设置有引杆,所述引杆上移至下料口,并与下料口对接。实现一步法拉制石英棒,缩短了生产周期,并且通过燃烧控制装置能够将温度的变化控制在合理的范围,减少了重复加热的能源消耗,提高了熔拉石英棒的得料率,节约了成本；避免了对熔池直接加热进行石英砂的熔制,延长了熔池的使用寿命。(The invention relates to production equipment and a process for gas-smelting continuous-pulling quartz rods, belonging to the technical field of quartz rod production. The quartz rod is drawn by a one-step method, the production period is shortened, the change of the temperature can be controlled in a reasonable range by the combustion control device, the energy consumption of repeated heating is reduced, the material yield of the melt-drawn quartz rod is improved, and the cost is saved; the direct heating of the molten pool is avoided to melt the quartz sand, and the service life of the molten pool is prolonged.)

1. The utility model provides a production facility of gas-melt even draw quartz rod, includes furnace body, molten bath and tractor, the molten bath sets up in the furnace body, its characterized in that: the top of furnace body is provided with the quartz lamp that is used for the feeding, the molten bath is located under the quartz lamp, the bottom of molten bath is provided with the feed opening, the tractor is located the below of furnace body, and is provided with the guide rod on the tractor, the guide rod shifts up to the feed opening to dock with the feed opening.

2. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the quartz lamp is a combustion part, the other end of the quartz lamp is a feeding part, and the feeding part comprises a gas conveying pipe and a quartz sand feeding pipe.

3. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 2, characterized in that: the gas conveying pipe consists of an oxygen conveying pipe and a hydrogen conveying pipe which are respectively connected with a gas source.

4. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: the furnace body is provided with an observation port and a temperature measuring port.

5. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lower part of the furnace body is provided with an air suction opening, and the air suction opening is provided with an exhaust fan.

6. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 5, characterized in that: the furnace body is also provided with a combustion control device, the combustion control device comprises an ignition device, a gas control device and a monitoring device, and the ignition device, the gas control device and the monitoring device are electrically connected.

7. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ignition device comprises an igniter and a spark plug, and the spark plug is arranged at the combustion part of the quartz lamp and is close to the gas outlet of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the gas control device comprises a plurality of pneumatic valves and linear valves capable of adjusting opening degree, the pneumatic valves are respectively arranged on pipelines of the oxygen conveying pipe and the hydrogen conveying pipe, and the linear valves are arranged on the pipelines of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor arranged at the temperature measuring port.

8. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace body comprises three-layer structure, and the inlayer is the corundum flame retardant coating, and the intermediate level is the main part layer of adopting the chamotte to build, and the skin is the heat preservation that adopts the cotton formation of heat preservation.

9. The apparatus for producing a gas-fuse pulled quartz rod according to claim 8, characterized in that: and a water cooling circulation system is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.

10. The process for producing a gas-fuse continuous-pulling quartz rod according to claim 7, wherein the combustion control device is controlled by a PLC, and the process steps are as follows: s1: starting a combustion control device, starting a pneumatic valve, and igniting and combusting hydrogen and oxygen after the hydrogen and the oxygen are converged at a combustion part of the quartz lamp;

s2: the linear valve adjusts the delivery quantity of the hydrogen;

s3: a temperature sensor at the temperature measuring port monitors the temperature of the furnace body, and when the temperature T is less than 1725 ℃, the linear valve adjusts the delivery capacity of the hydrogen;

s4: when the temperature T of the furnace body is monitored to be higher than 2100 ℃, an exhaust fan at an air suction port is started, and exhaust air is cooled;

s5: monitoring the temperature of the furnace body again, and returning to the step S2 to continue to execute when the temperature T is more than 2100 ℃;

s6: when the temperature T of the furnace body is monitored to be between 1725 and 2100 ℃, quartz sand starts to be conveyed to a combustion part of a quartz lamp for heating;

s7: the quartz sand is heated to form fused quartz glass, the fused quartz glass enters a molten pool, and after the guide rod is fused with the fused quartz glass, the traction machine drives the guide rod to descend at a constant speed and the fused quartz glass is drawn into a quartz rod.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of quartz rod production, and particularly relates to production equipment and a process for gas melting continuous drawing of a quartz rod.

Background

The existing gas-refining quartz glass process is to melt quartz sand by oxyhydrogen flame to prepare a quartz lead with the diameter of 250-1000mm, and the main mode is to heat the quartz sand at high temperature to change the quartz sand into fused quartz glass and form the quartz lead after cooling. The diameter of the quartz rod used in the optical fiber manufacturing industry is mainly 10-100mm, so that the quartz rod is prepared by heating, melting and pulling the quartz block. The process has several problems: firstly, two procedures are needed to realize the production of the product quartz rod, and the period is longer; secondly, a large amount of electric power and graphite consumables are consumed in the fusion drawing process, so that the cost is high; third, production discontinuity and a great deal of quartz product waste are caused, because the fused quartz glass in the graphite crucible is remained after each melting and pulling, and the yield is only 40% -65%.

According to Chinese classification number: TK175, literature identifier: a, article number: the 1001-5523(2017)06-0032-05 discloses that the temperature of the quartz sand reaching the molten state is about 1725 ℃, and when the temperature is lower than the temperature, the viscosity of the quartz glass in the molten state is too high, so that the discharging is not smooth, and the pulling of a quartz rod is influenced; when the temperature is too high, the drawing and forming of the quartz rod are also affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide production equipment and a production process for a gas melting continuous-drawing quartz rod, which can be used for forming the quartz rod in one step.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a gas-smelting is even draws production facility of quartz rod, includes furnace body, molten bath and tractor, the molten bath sets up in the furnace body, and the molten bath is the zirconia molten bath, wherein, the top of furnace body is provided with the quartz lamp that is used for the feeding, the molten bath is located under the quartz lamp, the bottom of molten bath is provided with the feed opening, the tractor is located the below of furnace body, and is provided with the pin on the tractor, the pin shifts up to the feed opening to dock with the feed opening.

According to the scheme, high-temperature heating of quartz sand is directly completed on the quartz lamp, the quartz sand processed by the quartz lamp at high temperature is changed into quartz glass in a molten state, then the quartz glass falls into the molten pool, then the quartz glass in the molten pool is pulled out from the feed opening at a constant speed through the guide rod to prepare the quartz rod, the quartz glass collected in the molten pool in the molten state is in a relatively stable state through the melting amount of the quartz sand and the control of the temperature, and the circulating state that the guide rod can stably pull the quartz rod is achieved.

Further: one end of the quartz lamp is a combustion part, the other end of the quartz lamp is a feeding part, and the feeding part comprises a gas conveying pipe and a quartz sand feeding pipe.

In the scheme, hydrogen, oxygen and quartz sand enter from the feeding part of the quartz lamp, and the quartz sand is melted in the combustion part of the quartz lamp to prepare fused quartz glass, so that the quartz glass is conveniently drawn after falling into a molten pool, and the production period is greatly shortened.

Further: the gas conveying pipe consists of an oxygen conveying pipe and a hydrogen conveying pipe which are respectively connected with a gas source.

Adopt hydrogen and oxygen as the heat source of heating in this scheme, direct and quartz sand contact and heating can improve the efficiency of heating, avoid thermal loss, and hydrogen and oxygen can save the cost as fuel moreover, prevent the pollution to the environment.

Further: the furnace body is provided with an observation port and a temperature measuring port.

The scheme is mainly convenient for observing the melting state of the quartz glass in the furnace body and monitoring the temperature change in the furnace body.

Further: the lower part of the furnace body is provided with an air suction opening, and the air suction opening is provided with an exhaust fan.

The exhaust fan can reduce the temperature in the furnace body and keep the temperature and the pressure in the furnace body stable.

Further: the furnace body is also provided with a combustion control device, the combustion control device comprises an ignition device, a gas control device and a monitoring device, and the ignition device, the gas control device and the monitoring device are electrically connected. The combustion control device can control the temperature in the furnace body, ensure the temperature stability and is beneficial to drawing the quartz rod.

Further: the ignition device comprises an igniter and a spark plug, and the spark plug is arranged at the combustion part of the quartz lamp and is close to the gas outlet of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the gas control device comprises a plurality of pneumatic valves and linear valves capable of adjusting opening degree, the pneumatic valves are respectively arranged on pipelines of the oxygen conveying pipe and the hydrogen conveying pipe, and the linear valves are arranged on the pipelines of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor arranged at the temperature measuring port.

Further: the furnace body comprises three-layer structure, and the inlayer is the corundum flame retardant coating, and the intermediate level is the main part layer of adopting the chamotte to build, and the skin is the heat preservation that adopts the cotton formation of heat preservation.

Further: and a water cooling circulation system is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.

Further, the combustion control device is controlled by a PLC, and the process steps are as follows: s1: starting a combustion control device, starting a pneumatic valve, and igniting and combusting hydrogen and oxygen after the hydrogen and the oxygen are converged at a combustion part of the quartz lamp;

s2: the linear valve adjusts the delivery quantity of the hydrogen;

s3: a temperature sensor at the temperature measuring port monitors the temperature of the furnace body, and when the temperature T is less than 1725 ℃, the linear valve adjusts the delivery capacity of the hydrogen;

s4: when the temperature T of the furnace body is monitored to be higher than 2100 ℃, an exhaust fan at an air suction port is started, and exhaust air is cooled;

s5: monitoring the temperature of the furnace body again, and returning to the step S2 to continue to execute when the temperature T is more than 2100 ℃;

s6: when the temperature T of the furnace body is monitored to be between 1725 and 2100 ℃, quartz sand starts to be conveyed to a combustion part of a quartz lamp for heating;

s7: the quartz sand is heated to form fused quartz glass, the fused quartz glass enters a molten pool, and after the guide rod is fused with the fused quartz glass, the traction machine drives the guide rod to descend at a constant speed and the fused quartz glass is drawn into a quartz rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding and beneficial technical effects that: the quartz rod can be molded in one step, so that the energy consumption of repeated heating is reduced, the material yield of the fusion-drawn quartz rod is improved, the production period is shortened, and the cost is saved; the direct heating of the molten pool is avoided to melt the quartz sand, and the service life of the molten pool is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a production apparatus in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of PLC control in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a main circuit diagram of the combustion control apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the PWM control of the present invention;

in the figure: 10-a furnace body; 101-corundum refractory layer; 102-a body layer; 103-an insulating layer; 104-a viewing port; 105-temperature measuring port; 106-air suction inlet; 107-water cooling circulation system; 11-a molten bath; 111-a feed opening; 12-a tractor; 121-a leader; 13-quartz lamp; 131-a combustion section; 132-quartz sand feed tube; 133-oxygen delivery pipe; 134-hydrogen conveying pipe; 14-a rectifier circuit; 15-igniter.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described in the following with reference to specific embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which figures 1 to 4:

a production device of a gas-melting continuous-pulling quartz rod comprises a furnace body 10, a molten pool 11 and a tractor 12, wherein the furnace body 10 is formed by a three-layer structure, the inner layer is a corundum fire-resistant layer 101, the middle layer is a main body layer 102 built by fire-resistant clay, the outer layer is a heat-insulating layer 103 formed by heat-insulating cotton, and the furnace body 10 is provided with an observation port 104 and a temperature measuring port 105; an air suction opening 106 is formed in the lower portion of the furnace body 10, and an exhaust fan (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the air suction opening 106; the bottom of the furnace body 10 is provided with a water cooling circulation system 107 to prevent the furnace body from having too high temperature. The molten bath 11 sets up in furnace body 10, and molten bath 11 is the zirconia molten bath, wherein, the top of furnace body 10 is provided with the quartz lamp 13 that is used for the feeding, the one end of quartz lamp 13 is combustion portion 131, and the other end is the feed portion, the feed portion includes gas delivery pipe and quartz sand inlet pipe 132. The gas delivery pipe consists of an oxygen delivery pipe 133 and a hydrogen delivery pipe 134, which are respectively connected with a gas source. The hydrogen gas is ignited in the burning part 131 of the quartz lamp 13 to heat the inside of the furnace body 10, and after the temperature reaches a certain value, the quartz sand is sent to the burning part of the quartz lamp to be heated and melted at a high temperature, and the flow ratio of the hydrogen gas to the oxygen gas is about 2: 1.

the molten pool 11 is located under the quartz lamp 13, and the melted quartz sand forms fused quartz glass and falls into the molten pool. The bottom of molten pool 11 is provided with feed opening 111, and the diameter of feed opening 111 has decided the diameter of the drawn rod, to the rod of different size demands, can make the molten pool that the feed opening diameter is different, tractor 12 is located the below of furnace body, and is provided with guide rod 121 on the tractor, guide rod 121 shifts up to feed opening 111 to dock with feed opening 111. The generation amount of the fused quartz glass in the molten pool is observed through the observation port 104, when a certain amount is reached, the traction machine is started to drive the guide rod to move downwards at a constant speed, and the fused quartz glass is fused with the guide rod at the feed opening, so that the fused quartz glass is pulled to flow out along the feed opening when the guide rod moves downwards and is drawn into a quartz rod under gradual cooling.

After the quartz rod is pulled to the bottom, chuck claws for fixing the guide rods are loosened, quickly ascend to the position of the bottom of the furnace body along with a tractor and are clamped, then the quartz rod below is cut off, and the operation is repeated to realize continuous drawing.

In order to keep the temperature in the furnace body stable, a combustion control device is further arranged on the furnace body and controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the combustion control device comprises an ignition device, a gas control device and a monitoring device which are electrically connected. The combustion control device can control the temperature in the furnace body, ensure the temperature stability and is beneficial to drawing the quartz rod.

The ignition device comprises an igniter and a spark plug, wherein the spark plug (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the combustion part of the quartz lamp and is close to the gas outlet of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the gas control device comprises two pneumatic valves and a linear valve capable of adjusting the opening degree, the pneumatic valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the oxygen conveying pipe and the hydrogen conveying pipe, and the linear valve is arranged on the pipeline of the hydrogen conveying pipe; the monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) arranged at the temperature measuring port.

The combustion control device of the present invention is such that the switch SW1 passing through the power source terminal L is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit 14, and the switches SW2 and SW3 of the power source terminal N are connected to the other input terminal of the rectifier circuit 14. An igniter 15 is connected between a contact point between the switch SW1 and the rectifying circuit 14 and the power supply terminal N. The ignition 15 is a device that can ignite a spark plug. The combustion control apparatus of the present invention further includes a plurality of valve coils connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit 14. As shown in fig. 3, one output terminal of the rectifying circuit 14 is directly grounded, and the other output terminal is connected to a valve coil that can open and close to supply hydrogen and oxygen to the hydrogen supply pipe 134 and the oxygen supply pipe 133. The valves capable of opening and closing to supply hydrogen and oxygen to the hydrogen conveying pipe and the oxygen conveying pipe are composed of three valves arranged in parallel, namely a pneumatic valve I arranged on the oxygen conveying pipe, a pneumatic valve II arranged on the hydrogen conveying pipe and a linear valve arranged on a pipeline of the hydrogen conveying pipe. The opening and closing operation of the air-operated valve I is controlled by a coil 17 connected to the output end of the rectification circuit 14; the opening and closing operation of the pneumatic valve II is controlled by a coil 16 connected to the output end of the rectification circuit 14; the opening and closing operation of the linear valve is controlled by a coil 18 connected to the output end of the rectifying circuit 14. The coil 18 controls the opening degree of the linear valve according to the magnitude of the applied DC voltage. The control chip in the PLC controls the coil 17 via the drive element 19. The driving element 19 is a switching transistor which can switch on and off the current branch of the coil 17 under the control of the control chip. Therefore, when the control chip outputs a high level, the driving element 19 is turned on, the current branch of the coil 17 is connected, and the coil 17 can drive the pneumatic valve i to open. In addition, the coil 18 different from the coils 16, 17 that drive the air-operated valve controls the degree of opening and closing of the linear valve in accordance with the magnitude of the DC voltage. A rectified power supply in the rectifier circuit 14 can provide current for a coil 16 driving the pneumatic valve II, and the coil 16 can control the valve to be opened at the same time of driving. Further, the coil 17 of the drivable air-operated valve i is supplied with electric current. The coil 17 is driven by a driving element 19 controlled by a control chip. At the moment, the pneumatic valve I and the pneumatic valve II are all in an opening state. When the valves are open, a DC power supply that drives the linear valve supplies power to coil 18 to drive coil 18. At this time, the magnitude of the voltage supplied to the coil 18 is determined by a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal controlled by the control chip. The process of controlling the degree of opening of the linear valve by means of the coil 18 is shown in fig. 4. After all the three coils are driven through the above process, all the three valves are opened, and hydrogen and oxygen enter the combustion part 131 of the quartz lamp, and the ignition plug is driven by the igniter 15 to ignite and burn, so that the temperature in the furnace body starts to rise.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the PWM control circuit of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal from the control chip is divided by resistors R1 and R2 to become a turn-on signal of the transistor Q1. The transistor Q1 is turned on to a different degree depending on the magnitude of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. The operating state of the transistor Q1 determines the degree of conduction of the other transistor Q2 connected thereto. Transistor Q2 is connected directly to the 12 volt dc power supply and its operating state, in turn, determines the magnitude of the dc voltage provided to coil 18.

The production process of the present invention is further understood by combining a specific control method, as shown in fig. 2. The method comprises the following specific steps:

s1: starting a combustion control device, wherein a rectification power supply in a rectification circuit 14 supplies current for driving a coil 17 of a pneumatic valve I and a coil 16 of a pneumatic valve II, when the pneumatic valve I and the pneumatic valve II are all in an opening state, a DC power supply capable of driving a linear valve supplies power to the coil 18 to drive the coil 18, the coil 18 is used for controlling the opening of the linear valve, after the three coils are all driven, the three valves are all opened, and after hydrogen and oxygen are input into a combustion part of a quartz lamp and are gathered, a control chip controls an igniter 15 to drive a spark plug to ignite;

s2: the linear valve adjusts the delivery quantity of the hydrogen;

s3: the temperature sensor of the temperature measuring port monitors the temperature of the furnace body and sends a measured signal to the control chip, when the temperature T is less than 1725 ℃, a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal controlled by the control chip is increased to provide voltage for the coil 18, and the coil 18 controls the opening degree of the linear valve, so that the delivery quantity of hydrogen is increased to improve the temperature of the combustion part of the quartz lamp;

s4: when the temperature T of the furnace body is more than 2100 ℃, the control chip controls the exhaust fan of the air suction opening 106 to start, and performs air exhaust and temperature reduction;

s5: monitoring the temperature of the furnace body again, and returning to the step S2 to continue to execute when the temperature T is more than 2100 ℃;

s6: when the temperature T of the furnace body is monitored to be between 1725 and 2100 ℃, quartz sand starts to be conveyed to a combustion part of a quartz lamp for heating;

s7: the quartz sand is heated to form fused quartz glass, the fused quartz glass enters a molten pool, and after the guide rod is fused with the fused quartz glass, the traction machine drives the guide rod to descend at a constant speed and the fused quartz glass is drawn into a quartz rod.

Through foretell production technology can realize one-step method drawing quartz rod, production cycle has been shortened, and can be with the change control of temperature in reasonable scope, through in time adjustment temperature, remain throughout in the most suitable temperature range when making quartz sand founding, and through exhaust fan and combustion control device's cooperation, the product of burning in the furnace body of timely emission, not only stabilized the pressure in the furnace body, and solved hydrogen burning and made the hydroxyl unstable in the quartz rod, free hydrogen is more, the easy production gas in the quartz rod spills over, assemble and form the bubble, make the poor and short problem of life of product high temperature fragility.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.