阅读说明：本技术 一种金属胀切机 (Metal expanding and cutting machine ) 是由 高超男 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金属胀切机,其包括加压组件,所述加压组件包括底座、支撑台、下压柱和成型模具,所述支撑台安装在底座上且支撑台底部穿过所述底座,底座上对称设置有侧板,两个侧板通过横板固定连接,所述下压柱连接在横板上,所述成型模具套设在所述下压柱底部；以及,打磨组件,所述打磨组件安装在侧板上,打磨组件包括切割件和支撑件,切割件横向穿过侧板并且在侧板上滑动设置,所述支撑件安装在侧板内并与切割件连接；本发明在胀切机底部设置一种由电机控制的成型驱动组件,可以将转动的能量转化成空气压力的能量,从而使待加工物件经过膨胀形成所需形状的产品,操作简单方便,转动形成的气压相比较电动更加节省能源,大大降低了成本。(The invention discloses a metal expansion cutting machine which comprises a pressurizing assembly, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a base, a supporting table, a lower pressing column and a forming die, the supporting table is installed on the base, the bottom of the supporting table penetrates through the base, side plates are symmetrically arranged on the base, the two side plates are fixedly connected through a transverse plate, the lower pressing column is connected to the transverse plate, and the forming die is sleeved at the bottom of the lower pressing column; the grinding assembly is mounted on the side plate and comprises a cutting piece and a supporting piece, the cutting piece transversely penetrates through the side plate and is arranged on the side plate in a sliding mode, and the supporting piece is mounted in the side plate and connected with the cutting piece; the forming driving assembly controlled by the motor is arranged at the bottom of the expansion cutting machine, and can convert the rotating energy into the air pressure energy, so that the object to be processed is expanded to form a product with a required shape.)

1. The utility model provides a metal expanding and cutting machine which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,

the pressing assembly (100) comprises a base (101), a supporting table (102), a pressing column (103) and a forming die (104), the supporting table (102) is installed on the base (101), the bottom of the supporting table (102) penetrates through the base (101), side plates (101 a) are symmetrically arranged on the base (101), the two side plates (101 a) are fixedly connected through a transverse plate (101 b), the pressing column (103) is connected to the transverse plate (101 b), and the forming die (104) is sleeved at the bottom of the pressing column (103); and the number of the first and second groups,

the grinding assembly (200) is installed on the side plate (101 a), the grinding assembly (200) comprises a cutting piece (201) and a supporting piece (202), the cutting piece (201) transversely penetrates through the side plate (101 a) and is arranged on the side plate (101 a) in a sliding mode, and the supporting piece (202) is installed in the side plate (101 a) and connected with the cutting piece (201).

2. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 1, wherein: a pressurizing cylinder (101 c) is arranged on the transverse plate (101 b), and the pressurizing cylinder (101 c) penetrates through the transverse plate (101 b) to be connected with a lower pressing column (103);

the bottom of the forming die (104) is provided with a process groove (104 a), and the forming die (104) is sleeved at the bottom of the lower pressing column (103) and is in threaded connection with the lower pressing column (103).

3. The metal expansion-cutting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cutting device is characterized in that a straight notch (101 a-1) is vertically formed in the side plate (101 a), accommodating grooves (101 a-2) are formed in two sides of the straight notch (101 a-1), the cutting piece (201) penetrates through the straight notch (101 a-1), and the supporting piece (202) is respectively installed in the accommodating grooves (101 a-2) in two sides of the straight notch (101 a-1) and fixedly connected with the cutting piece (201).

4. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 3, wherein: the cutting piece (201) comprises a telescopic rod (201 a), a rack (201 b) and a polishing piece (201 c), the telescopic rod (201 a) penetrates through the straight notch (101 a-1), the polishing piece (201 c) is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod (201 a), and the rack (201 b) is vertically arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod (201 a).

5. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 4, wherein: the side plate (101 a) is provided with a first gear (101 a-3), and the first gear (101 a-3) is meshed with the rack (201 b).

6. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 5, wherein: the supporting piece (202) comprises a bottom column (202 a), a support rod (202 b) and a spring (202 c), the bottom column (202 a) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the accommodating groove (101 a-2), the support rod (202 b) is arranged at the top end of the bottom column (202 a) and is in telescopic connection with the bottom column (202 a), and the spring (202 c) is arranged on the outer wall of the support rod (202 b) in a winding mode.

7. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 6, wherein: the polishing assembly (200) further comprises a sleeve (203), the sleeve (203) is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rod (201 a), a connecting block (203 a) is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (203), and the connecting block (203 a) is fixedly connected with support rods (202 b) on two sides of the straight notch (101 a-1).

8. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 3, wherein: a plurality of elastic blocks (102 a) are arranged on the outer wall of the supporting platform (102) in the circumferential direction.

9. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 8, wherein: the forming device is characterized by further comprising a forming driving assembly (300), wherein the forming driving assembly (300) comprises a rotating pipe (301) and air pressurizing pieces (302), a cavity groove (101 d) is formed in the bottom of the base (101), the bottom of the supporting platform (102) extends into the cavity groove (101 d), the rotating pipe (301) is sleeved at the bottom of the supporting platform (102) and is rotatably connected with the supporting platform (102), a plurality of air pressurizing pieces (302) are arranged on the circumference of the supporting platform, one end of each air pressurizing piece (302) is elastically connected with the inner wall of the cavity groove (101 d), and the other end of each air pressurizing piece (302) is communicated with the supporting platform (102);

the support table (102) is internally communicated with an air pressurizing piece (302).

10. The metal expansion-cutting machine of claim 9, wherein: the air pressurization piece (302) comprises an injection pipe (302 a), a pneumatic shaft (302 b) and a circular pipe (302 c), the injection pipe (302 a) is arranged around the circumference of the support table (102), one end of the injection pipe (302 a) is fixedly connected with the support table (102), the interior of the injection pipe (302 a) is communicated with the support table (102), the pneumatic shaft (302 b) extends into the injection pipe (302 a) from the other end of the injection pipe (302 a), and the pneumatic shaft (302 b) is elastically connected with the wall of the cavity groove (101 d);

set up square plate (302 b-1) on pneumatic shaft (302 b), go up towards on square plate (302 b-1) to rotate pipe (301) direction extension and set up threaded spindle (302 b-2) perpendicularly, threaded spindle (302 b-2) stretch into in pipe (302 c) with pipe (302 c) inner wall screw-thread fit, pipe (302 c) outer wall bottom and rotation pipe (301) outer wall meshing, the bottom protrusion of base (101) sets up limiting plate (101 e) and limiting plate (101 e) with pipe (302 c) cooperation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of expansion cutting machines, in particular to a metal expansion cutting machine.

Background

In the prior art, upper and lower dies of an oil press and resin rubber are generally used for expanding and molding thin metal materials into expansion products with specific shapes. The principle is as follows: the concave parts (demarcated by the maximum diameter part) of the upper die and the lower die are made into the die shape of the expanding round cover, and the spherical convex resin rubber matched with the concave parts of the workpiece is arranged on the top of the lower die base; under the stop state of the oil press, the upper die and the lower die are separated by a certain distance, and a workpiece is arranged on the resin rubber; under the action of the pressure of the oil press, the resin rubber is pressed to expand to the circumference, and the cylindrical shape is changed into a finished product shape.

After expansion forming, the height of the foot part of the workpiece is uneven, and an expansion forming product is cut by adopting an inner die trimming cutter, a trimming wheel, an outer pressing die and the like of a lathe, so that the height of the foot part of the workpiece meets the requirement of the formed product; however, the traditional expansion cutting machine adopts an electric drive mode to extrude and expand the object to be processed, so that the traditional expansion cutting machine is very power-consuming, and the position of the cutting knife is difficult to adjust during cutting.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a metal expansion cutting machine comprises a pressurizing assembly, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a base, a supporting table, a lower pressing column and a forming die, the supporting table is installed on the base, the bottom of the supporting table penetrates through the base, side plates are symmetrically arranged on the base, the two side plates are fixedly connected through a transverse plate, the lower pressing column is connected to the transverse plate, and the forming die is sleeved at the bottom of the lower pressing column; and the grinding assembly is arranged on the side plate and comprises a cutting piece and a supporting piece, the cutting piece transversely penetrates through the side plate and is arranged on the side plate in a sliding mode, and the supporting piece is arranged in the side plate and is connected with the cutting piece.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the transverse plate is provided with a pressurizing cylinder, and the pressurizing cylinder penetrates through the transverse plate and is connected with the lower pressing column; the bottom of the forming die is provided with a process groove, and the forming die is sleeved at the bottom of the lower pressing column and is in threaded connection with the lower pressing column.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the side plates are vertically provided with straight groove openings, the two sides of each straight groove opening are provided with accommodating grooves, the cutting pieces penetrate through the straight groove openings, and the supporting pieces are respectively installed in the accommodating grooves on the two sides of the straight groove openings and fixedly connected with the cutting pieces.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the cutting piece comprises a telescopic rod, a rack and a polishing piece, the telescopic rod penetrates through the straight notch, the polishing piece is arranged at one end of the telescopic rod, and the rack is vertically arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: and a first gear is arranged on the side plate and meshed with the rack.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: support piece includes foundation, vaulting pole and spring, foundation fixed mounting is in the holding tank bottom, the vaulting pole setting on the top of foundation and with foundation telescopic connection, the spring is around rolling up the setting on the vaulting pole outer wall.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the polishing assembly further comprises a sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rod, a connecting block is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve, and the connecting block is fixedly connected with the supporting rods on two sides of the straight groove opening.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: a plurality of elastic blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the supporting platform in a circumferential mode.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the forming driving assembly comprises a rotating pipe and a plurality of air pressurizing pieces, a cavity groove is formed in the bottom of the base, the bottom of the supporting table extends into the cavity groove, the rotating pipe is sleeved at the bottom of the supporting table and is rotatably connected with the supporting table, the air pressurizing pieces are arranged on the circumference of the supporting table, one end of each air pressurizing piece is elastically connected with the inner wall of the cavity groove, and the other end of each air pressurizing piece is communicated with the supporting table; the support platform is internally communicated with an air pressurizing piece.

As a preferable scheme of the metal expansion cutting machine of the invention, wherein: the air pressurizing piece comprises an injection pipe, a pneumatic shaft and a round pipe, the injection pipe is arranged around the circumference of the support table, one end of the injection pipe is fixedly connected with the support table, the interior of the injection pipe is communicated with the support table, the pneumatic shaft extends into the injection pipe from the other end of the injection pipe, and the pneumatic shaft is elastically connected with the cavity groove wall;

set up the square plate on the pneumatic shaft, extend towards the rotating tube direction on the square plate and set up the screw spindle perpendicularly, the screw spindle stretches into in the pipe with pipe inner wall screw-thread fit, pipe outer wall bottom and rotating tube outer wall meshing, the bottom protrusion of base set up the limiting plate and the limiting plate with the pipe cooperation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the forming driving assembly controlled by the motor is arranged at the bottom of the expansion cutting machine, and can convert the rotating energy into the air pressure energy, so that the object to be processed is expanded to form a product with a required shape.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a block diagram of a cutting element in a pressing assembly and a sanding assembly according to a first embodiment.

Figure 2 is an overall assembly view of the pressing assembly and sanding assembly in a first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a view showing a mounting structure of the support member in the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the molded actuator assembly in a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a limited mounting view of the profiled drive assembly on the base of the second embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a structural view of an air pressurizing member in the second embodiment.

Reference numerals: a pressing assembly 100; a base 101; side plates 101 a; a straight notch 101 a-1; a receiving groove 101 a-2; a first gear 101 a-3; a transverse plate 101 b; a pressurizing cylinder 101 c; the cavity groove 101 d; a limit plate 101 e; circular hole 101 e-1; square groove 101 e-2; a support table 102; a bullet block 102 a; a lower compression column 103; a molding die 104; a process tank 104 a; a grinding assembly 200; a cutter 201; a telescopic rod 201 a; a rack 201 b; polishing the sheet 201 c; a support 202; a bottom pillar 202 a; a stay 202 b; a spring 202 c; a sleeve 203; a connection block 203 a; a forming drive assembly 300; a rotating tube 301; serrations 301 a; an air pressurizing member 302; an injection tube 302 a; vent slots 302 a-1; the sealing plate 302 a-2; a pneumatic shaft 302 b; square plate 302 b-1; threaded shaft 302 b-2; through slot 302 b-3; a circular tube 302 c; a second gear 302 c-1; an elastic member A; and a limiting shaft B.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a metal expansion-cutting machine, which includes a pressing assembly 100 and a grinding assembly 200, wherein a metal object to be formed is placed on the pressing assembly 100, and the object to be processed is stably placed by fixing the pressing assembly 100 up and down; the grinding assembly 200 is located on the pressing assembly 100, the grinding assembly 200 is symmetrically arranged about the object to be processed, and the grinding assembly 200 performs edge grinding and finish machining on the object to be processed.

The pressing assembly 100 includes a base 101, a support 102, a hold-down post 103, and a molding die 104. The upper bottom surface of the base 101 is symmetrically provided with side plates 101a, the support table 102 is arranged between the two side plates 101a and penetrates through the base 101, the upper ends of the two side plates 101a are fixedly connected through a transverse plate 101b, the transverse plate 101b is provided with a pressurizing cylinder 101c, the pressurizing cylinder 101c penetrates through the transverse plate 101b to be connected with the lower pressing column 103, the lower pressing column 103 is coaxially aligned with the support table 102, the forming mold 104 is positioned between the lower pressing column 103 and the support table 102 and is also coaxially aligned with the support table 102, the forming mold 104 is sleeved at the bottom of the lower pressing column 103 and is in threaded connection with the lower pressing column 103, the bottom of the forming mold 104 is provided with a process groove 104a, a metal object to be formed is placed on the support table 102, the pressurizing cylinder 101c drives the lower pressing column 103 and the forming mold 104 to descend to press the metal object to be formed, and the object to be processed is integrally formed in the process groove 104a by pressing from the bottom of the support table 102. The forming die 104 may be provided with a plurality of process grooves 104a of different shapes at the same time, and a plurality of forming dies 104 may be mounted on the lower pressure column 103 instead.

The grinding assemblies 200 are arranged in two groups and are respectively arranged on the corresponding side plates 101a, and the two groups of grinding assemblies 200 are symmetrically arranged about the supporting table 102. Each group of grinding assemblies 200 comprises a cutting part 201 and a supporting part 202, and the two supporting parts 202 are respectively fixed on two sides of the cutting part 201. The side plate 101a is vertically provided with a straight notch 101a-1, and two sides of the straight notch 101a-1 are provided with accommodating grooves 101 a-2. The cutting piece 201 penetrates through the straight notch 101a-1, the supporting pieces 202 are respectively installed in the containing grooves 101a-2 on two sides of the straight notch 101a-1, the supporting pieces 202 can ensure that the cutting piece 201 can stably move up and down in the straight notch 101a-1, and the cutting piece 201 polishes an object to be processed.

Further, the cutting member 201 includes a telescopic rod 201a, a rack 201b, and a sanding sheet 201 c. One end of the telescopic rod 201a is connected with the polishing piece 201c, the other end of the telescopic rod 201a is vertically connected with the rack 201b, and the telescopic length of the telescopic rod 201a can be controlled by an automatic system; the polishing sheet 201c is positioned between the two side plates 101a, and the polishing sheet 201c polishes the object to be processed; the rack 201b is positioned outside the side plate 101a, the rack 201b is vertically arranged outside the side plate 101a, the first gear 101a-3 is arranged on the side plate 101a, the first gear 101a-3 is meshed with the rack 201b, and the motor drives the first gear 101a-3 to rotate forwards and backwards to control the rack 201b to ascend and descend so as to adjust the height of the whole cutting piece 201.

Further, the support 202 includes a bottom pillar 202a, a stay 202b, and a spring 202 c. The bottom pillar 202a is fixedly installed at the bottom of the accommodating groove 101a-2, the brace 202b is arranged at the top end of the bottom pillar 202a and is telescopically connected with the bottom pillar 202a, and the spring 202c is wound on the outer wall of the brace 202 b.

Further, the grinding assembly 200 further comprises a sleeve 203, the sleeve 203 is fixedly sleeved on the telescopic rod 201a, two connecting blocks 203a are arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve 203, and the connecting blocks 203a are fixedly connected with the support rods 202b on two sides of the straight notch 101 a-1.

A plurality of elastic blocks 102a are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the supporting table 102, a plurality of groups of elastic blocks 102a are arranged along the axial lead direction of the supporting table 102, and can be used for supporting an object to be processed, the elastic blocks 102a can be pressed into the supporting table 102, and the elastic blocks 102a with different heights can be selected according to different sizes of the object to be processed for supporting, the elastic blocks 102a at the position adopt the existing structure, and the action process is as follows: the spring block 102a can be inserted after the spring block 102a is pressed, the spring block 102a can be kept in the pressed state according to the existing structures, such as a spring and an embedded plate, and then the spring block can be ejected after the spring block is pressed.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, a second embodiment of the present invention is based on the previous embodiment, and further includes a forming driving assembly 300, the forming driving assembly 300 is installed at the bottom of the base 101, the base 101 is connected to the supporting platform 102, the supporting platform 102 is conducted internally, the rotation of the forming driving assembly 300 can pressurize the inside of the supporting platform 102, the supporting platform 102 is pushed upwards by the air pressure, and the object to be processed is in closer contact with the process groove 104 a.

The molding drive assembly 300 includes a rotating tube 301 and an air pressurizing member 302. The bottom of the base 101 is provided with a cavity 101d, and the bottom of the support platform 102 extends into the cavity 101 d. The rotating pipe 301 is sleeved at the bottom of the support platform 102 and is rotatably connected with the support platform 102, a plurality of air pressurizing pieces 302 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the support platform 102, one end of each air pressurizing piece 302 is elastically connected with the side wall of the cavity groove 101d, the other end of each air pressurizing piece 302 is communicated with the support platform 102, and the support platform 102 is communicated with the air pressurizing pieces 302 from the top.

Further, the air pressurizing member 302 includes an injection tube 302a, a pneumatic shaft 302b, and a circular tube 302 c. The injection pipe 302a is arranged around the circumference of the support platform 102, one end of the injection pipe 302a is fixedly connected with the support platform 102, the injection pipe 302a is arranged along the circumference of the outer wall of the support platform 102, the inside of the injection pipe 302a is communicated with the inside of the support platform 102, and the top of the support platform 102 is communicated with the outside; the pneumatic shaft 302b extends into the injection tube 302a, and the pneumatic shaft 302b is elastically connected with the wall of the cavity 101d through an elastic member A.

The pneumatic shaft 302b is provided with a square plate 302b-1, the square plate 302b-1 is vertically provided with a threaded shaft 302b-2, the threaded shaft 302b-2 extends towards the rotating pipe 301, the threaded shaft 302b-2 is arranged along the radial direction of the rotating pipe 301, the bottom of the threaded shaft 302b-2 extends into a round pipe 302c, and the bottom of the round pipe 302c is matched with the rotating pipe 301, wherein the matching refers to meshing. Specifically, the bottom of the circular tube 302c is provided with a second gear 302c-1, and the outer wall of the rotating tube 301 is provided with a plurality of groups of sawteeth 301a at intervals along the circumferential direction; the rotating pipe 301 rotates along with the driving of the motor, the sawtooth 301a is connected with the second gear 302c-1 in a time-break mode when being meshed, when the sawtooth 301a is meshed with the second gear 302c-1, the threaded shaft 302b-2 extends out of the round pipe 302c along with the rotation of the round pipe 302c due to the threaded matching of the threaded shaft 302b-2 and the round pipe 302c, and when the sawtooth 301a is not meshed with the second gear 302c-1, the threaded shaft 302b-2 is driven by the elastic piece A to be screwed into the round pipe 302 c.

Furthermore, the bottom of the base 101 is convexly provided with limiting plates 101e, the limiting plates 101e are combined into a square shape, the number of the limiting plates 101e is consistent with that of the injection pipes 302a, and the injection pipes 302a penetrate through the limiting plates 101e and are connected with the supporting table 102. The limiting plate 101e is provided with a round hole 101e-1 and a square groove 101e-2, the square groove 101e-2 is arranged on the bottom surface of the limiting plate 103c, the round hole 101e-1 is arranged on the side wall of the limiting plate 103c and penetrates through the square groove 101e-2, the round tube 302c is provided with a limiting shaft B, the round tube 302c penetrates through the round hole 101e-1, and the limiting shaft B is embedded in the square groove 101e-2 to enable the round tube 302c to be limited.

Furthermore, a vent groove 302a-1 is arranged on the inner side wall of the injection pipe 302a, and the vent groove 302a-1 is communicated with the two ends of the inner wall of the injection pipe 302a in a penetrating way; the vent groove 302a-1 can be communicated with one end only, and the other end is not communicated; when only one end of the vent groove 302a-1 is communicated through, a through groove 302b-3 is also required to be arranged on the outer wall of the pneumatic shaft 302b, and when the two ends of the vent groove 302a-1 are communicated through, the through groove 302b-3 is not required to be arranged. The through groove 302b-3 is positioned on the side wall of the pneumatic shaft 302b, the through groove 302b-3 corresponds to the position of the vent groove 302a-1, the vent groove 302a-1 is communicated with the through groove 302b-3, the vent groove 302a-1 is provided with a sealing plate 302a-2 close to the top port of the injection tube 302a, the sealing plate 302a-2 is hinged to the port of the vent groove 302a-1, the sealing plate 302a-2 is arranged to be only in a horizontal state when rotating towards the outlet of the injection tube 302a and can seal the vent groove 302a-1, and the sealing plate can be in a state of keeping parallel with the outer wall of the injection tube 302a and can open the vent groove 302a-1 when rotating reversely.

When the pneumatic shaft 302b moves to the top outlet of the injection tube 302a in the injection tube 302a, the suction effect is achieved, the outside air enters the injection tube 302a from the vent groove 302a-1, when the pneumatic shaft 302b moves in the injection tube 302a in the reverse direction, the injection pressure effect is achieved, the air in the injection tube 302a is injected into the support 102, when the air enters from the outside, the sealing plate 302a-2 can be pushed open, the air flows in from the vent groove 302a-1, the sealing plate 302a-2 is in the horizontal state under the normal state, the vent groove 302a-1 is sealed and isolated from the outside, when the pneumatic shaft 302b injects pressure in the injection tube 302a, if the air moves to the outside from the vent groove 302a-1, the sealing plate 302a-2 is pushed up by the air until the horizontal state, at this time, the sealed state cannot rotate outwards and open continuously, therefore, the vent groove 302a-1 is not closed, air can only enter the supporting platform 102, and the air increases the pressure in the supporting platform 102, so that the object to be processed can be pressed to embed the surface of the object to be processed in the process groove 104a for molding.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.