阅读说明：本技术 氟化碳酸酯衍生物的制造方法 (Process for producing fluorinated carbonate derivative ) 是由 津田明彦 于 2018-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的目的在于提供安全且高效的氟化碳酸酯衍生物的制造方法。本发明的氟化碳酸酯衍生物的制造方法的特征在于,在氧存在下对包含具有选自氯原子、溴原子以及碘原子的1种以上的卤素原子的C<Sub>1-4</Sub>卤代烃、具有亲核性官能团的含氟化合物以及碱的组合物进行光照射。(Objects of the inventionDisclosed is a safe and efficient method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative. The method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative of the present invention is characterized by reacting a compound containing C having 1 or more halogen atoms selected from chlorine atoms, bromine atoms and iodine atoms in the presence of oxygen 1‑4 A composition of a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group, and a base is irradiated with light.)

1. A method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative, which is a method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative,

to C containing 1 or more halogen atoms selected from chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom in the presence of oxygen_1-4Irradiating a composition of a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group and a base with light,

the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I), or

The fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated polycarbonate derivative comprising a unit represented by the following formula (II-1) or a fluorinated cyclic carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-2);

(i) R^F1-A-H

(ii) H-A-R^F2-A-H

(I) R^F1-A-C(＝O)-A-R^F1

(II-1) [-A-R^F2-A-C(＝O)-]

[ solution 1]

In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,

a is either O, S or NH, and,

R^F1is a reactive inert 1-valent organic radical having a fluorine atom,

R^F2is a reactive inert 2-valent organic group having a fluorine atom.

2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-1) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-1), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-2) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-2), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-3) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-3);

(i-1) R^F11CH₂-A-H

(i-2) (R^F12)₂CH-A-H

(i-3) (R^F13)₃C-A-H

(I-1) R^F11CH₂-A-C(＝O)-A-CH₂-R^F11

(I-2) (R^F12)₂CH-A-C(＝O)-A-CH(R^F12)₂

(I-3) (R^F13)₃C-A-C(＝O)-A-C(R^F13)₃

in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,

a represents the same meaning as described above,

R^F11is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24A fluoro (alkyl polyoxyalkylene) group,

2R^F12Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group, 1 or 2R^F12Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group, or together form C_2-6A fluoroalkylene group or a 1, 2-fluoroarylene group,

3R^F13Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, 1,2 or 3R^F13Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkyl polyoxyalkylene) group.

3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II-1), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated polycarbonate derivative comprising a unit represented by the following formula (II-11), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II-2), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated cyclic carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-21) or a fluorinated chain carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-22);

[ solution 2]

Wherein A represents the same meaning as described above and R represents^F21Is C_3-10Fluoroalkylene or poly (fluoro-C)_1-4Alkylene oxide) groups.

4. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein C is_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon being C_1-4A polyhalogenated hydrocarbon.

5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein C is_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is chloroform.

6. The production process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base is at least 1 type of base selected from the group consisting essentially of a heterocyclic aromatic amine, a strong non-nucleophilic base, and an inorganic base.

7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the heterocyclic aromatic amine is pyridine, picoline or lutidine.

8. The process according to claim 6, wherein the strong non-nucleophilic base is 1,5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, 7-methyl-1, 5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, 1, 5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene or 1,1,3, 3-tetramethylguanidine.

9. The process according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic base is an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal hydrogencarbonate or an alkali metal carbonate.

10. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the C is one of C and C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is used in an amount of 0.001 to 1 mol per mol of the fluorine-containing compound.

11. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the base is used in an amount of 1.5 to 10 times by mol based on the fluorine-containing compound.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the light irradiated to the composition has a wavelength of 180nm to 500 nm.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative safely and efficiently.

Background

Fluorinated carbonate derivatives exhibit unique physical properties and are used in various applications. For example, the following formula (I)¹) The fluorinated carbonate is used as a flame retardant solvent having a high ignition point as an electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, and comprises the following formula (II)¹) The fluorinated polycarbonate of the unit shown is used as a process plastic excellent in transparency and impact resistance.

[ solution 1]

As a method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative, a method of reacting phosgene with a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group, a method of reacting carbon monoxide with the above-mentioned fluorine-containing compound and oxygen, and a method of subjecting a separately produced carbonate and the above-mentioned fluorine-containing compound to an ester exchange reaction are known. However, these production methods require the use of phosgene or carbon monoxide, which are difficult to handle, or the separate production of a carbonate, which is not regarded as safe and efficient production of a fluorinated carbonate derivative.

On the other hand, the present inventors have developed a method for producing a haloformate, which comprises the following steps: a step of irradiating chloroform with light in the presence of oxygen to obtain a mixture containing phosgene, and a step of reacting an alcohol with the mixture without separating phosgene (patent document 1).

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe and efficient method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative.

Technical scheme for solving technical problem

The present inventors have conducted extensive studies and as a result, have found that a fluorinated carbonate derivative can be produced in a high yield and a fluorinated carbonate derivative can be obtained safely and efficiently when a composition comprising a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group, and a base is irradiated with light in the presence of oxygen, and have completed the present invention.

The present invention is described below.

[1] A method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative, which is a method for producing a fluorinated carbonate derivative,

to C containing 1 or more halogen atoms selected from chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom in the presence of oxygen_1-4Irradiating a composition of a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group, and a base with light,

the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I), or

The fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated polycarbonate derivative containing a unit represented by the following formula (II-1) or a fluorinated cyclic carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-2).

(i)R^F1-A-H

(ii)H-A-R^F2-A-H

(I)R^F1-A-C(＝O)-A-R^F1

(II-1)[-A-R^F2-A-C(＝O)-]

[ solution 2]

[ in the formula,

a is either O, S or NH, and,

R^F1is a reactive inert 1-valent organic radical having a fluorine atom,

R^F2is a reactive inert 2-valent organic group having a fluorine atom.]

[2] The production method according to [1], wherein the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-1) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-1), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-2) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-2), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (I-3) and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I-3).

(i-1)R^F11CH₂-A-H

(i-2)(R^F12)₂CH-A-H

(i-3)(R^F13)₃C-A-H

(I-1)R^F11CH₂-A-C(＝O)-A-CH₂-R^F11

(I-2)(R^F12)₂CH-A-C(＝O)-A-CH(R^F12)₂

(I-3)(R^F13)₃C-A-C(＝O)-A-C(R^F13)₃

[ in the formula,

a represents the same meaning as described above,

R^F11is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group, 2R^F12Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, 1 or 2R^F12Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group, or together form C_2-6A fluoroalkylene group or a 1, 2-fluoroarylene group,

3R^F13Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, 1,2 or 3R^F13Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkyl polyoxyalkylene) group.]

[3] The production method according to the above [1], wherein the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II-1), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated polycarbonate derivative containing a unit represented by the following formula (II-11), or the fluorine-containing compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II-2), and the fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated cyclic carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-21) or a fluorinated chain carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-22).

[ solution 3]

[ wherein A represents the same meaning as described above, and R represents^F21Is C_3-10Fluoroalkylene or poly (fluoro-C)_1-4Alkylene oxide) groups.]

[4]As described above [1]～[3]The production method of any one of the above, wherein C is_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon being C_1-4A polyhalogenated hydrocarbon.

[5]As described above [1]～[3]The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to any one of the above methods,wherein, the above-mentioned C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is chloroform.

[6] The production process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the base is at least 1 type of base selected from the group consisting essentially of a heterocyclic aromatic amine, a strong non-nucleophilic base, and an inorganic base.

[7] The production method according to [6], wherein the heterocyclic aromatic amine is pyridine, picoline or lutidine.

[8] The production method according to [6], wherein the strong non-nucleophilic base is 1,5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, 7-methyl-1, 5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0] dec-5-ene, 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, 1, 5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene or 1,1,3, 3-tetramethylguanidine.

[9] The production method according to the above [6], wherein the inorganic base is an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal hydrogencarbonate or an alkali metal carbonate.

[10]As described above [1]～[9]The production method of any one of the above, wherein C is added to C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is used in an amount of 0.001 to 1 mol per mol of the fluorine-containing compound.

[11] The production method according to any one of the above [1] to [10], wherein the base is used in an amount of 1.5 to 10 mol per mol of the fluorine-containing compound.

[12] The production method according to any one of the above [1] to [11], wherein the light irradiated to the composition has a wavelength of 180nm to 500 nm.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

In the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to use a compound which is difficult to handle, such as phosgene or carbon monoxide, as a raw material, and it is not necessary to use a transesterification reaction which requires an expensive catalyst. Therefore, according to the present invention, a fluorinated carbonate derivative can be produced safely and efficiently.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of a reaction apparatus used in the method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the present specification, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is also referred to as "C_1-8Alkyl group, and a halogenated hydrocarbon having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is referred to as "C_1-4A halogenated hydrocarbon ". The same applies to other groups and other compounds.

In the production method of the present invention, C containing 1 or more halogen atoms selected from chlorine atoms, bromine atoms and iodine atoms is reacted in the presence of oxygen_1-4A fluorinated carbonate derivative can be obtained safely and efficiently by irradiating a composition of a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group, and a base with light.

The reason is not necessarily clear, but is considered to be as follows. Since the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group has a high acidity of the nucleophilic functional group, the nucleophilic functional group of the fluorine-containing compound in the composition of the present invention is considered to be in a state of high activity by interaction with a base. Therefore, it is considered that the light irradiation in the presence of oxygen is carried out from C_1-4The halocarbonyl group or halocarbonyl-like compound generated from the halogenated hydrocarbon directly reacts with the nucleophilic functional group of the fluorine-containing compound to form a fluorinated carbonate derivative. That is, in the production method of the present invention, the base not only supplements the hydrogen halide generated as a by-product with the formation of the fluorinated carbonate derivative, but also has an action of activating the nucleophilic functional group of the fluorine-containing compound. As a result, in the production method of the present invention, since the halocarbonyl-like compound is produced and is directly reacted with the fluorine-containing compound, the fluorinated carbonate derivative can be produced safely and efficiently. However, since the reaction of the present invention is also carried out in the presence of an aqueous inorganic base solution as described later, there is a possibility that a halogenated carbonyl compound is not present in the reaction of the present invention.

It is considered that C in the present invention_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is decomposed by irradiation with light and oxygen to be converted into a halogenated carbonyl compound containing a halogenated carbonyl group, and the halogenated carbonyl compound reacts with the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group to produce a fluorinated carbonate derivative. In the production method of the present invention, the halocarbonyl compound is directly activated with a baseSince the fluorine-containing compound having the nucleophilic functional group is reacted, the discharge of the halocarbonyl-like compound to the outside of the reaction system can be easily controlled.

From the viewpoint of easily producing a halogenated carbonyl compound, C_1-4Halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably C_1-4A polyhalogenated hydrocarbon. C_1-4Polyhalogenated hydrocarbons are C_1-4A compound in which 2 or more hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon are substituted with a halogen atom. Furthermore, C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably substituted by 1 or 2 halogen atoms, more preferably 1 halogen atom, and particularly preferably only chlorine atoms.

C_1-4Halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably C_1-4Halogenated alkanes, C_2-4Halogenated alkenes or C_2-4The halogenated alkyne is more preferably a methyl halide, a vinyl halide or an acetylene halide, particularly preferably a methyl halide, a vinyl halide or an acetylene halide, further preferably a methyl halide, and most preferably chloroform, from the viewpoint of easily generating a halocarbonyl-like compound.

As C_1-4Specific examples of the halogenated hydrocarbon include halogenated methanes such as methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, dibromomethane, bromoform, tetrabromomethane, iodomethane, diiodomethane and tetraiodomethane; halogenated ethanes such as 1,1, 2-trichloroethane, 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1, 2-tetrachloroethane, hexachloroethane, and hexabromoethane; and halogenated propanes such as 1,1,1, 3-tetrachloropropane.

C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon can be used alone in 1 kind, or 2 or more kinds can be used in combination, preferably 1 kind.

C_1-4Halogenated hydrocarbons C to be used as solvent may also be used_1-4C obtained by recovering halogenated hydrocarbons_1-4A halogenated hydrocarbon. Recovered C_1-4Since the halogenated hydrocarbon contains impurities or water and sometimes inhibits the reaction, it is preferable to use C after purification_1-4A halogenated hydrocarbon. The purification method may, for example, be carried out on the recovered C_1-4A method of washing a halogenated hydrocarbon with water, removing water-soluble impurities, separating the liquid, and dehydrating the liquid with a dehydrating agent such as anhydrous sodium sulfate or anhydrous magnesium sulfate.

However, there is also C considered to be recovered_1-4Since the halogenated hydrocarbon does not inhibit the reaction even when it contains water, it is unnecessary to carry out an extra purification for lowering the productivity. As recovered C_1-4The water content of the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 0.5% by volume or less, more preferably 0.2% by volume or less, and particularly preferably 0.1% by volume or less. Furthermore, C recovered_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon may contain C in an amount not to inhibit the reaction_1-4A decomposition product of a halogenated hydrocarbon.

In the present invention, the "nucleophilic functional group" refers to a nucleophilic functional group containing a nucleophilic oxygen atom, sulfur atom, and/or nitrogen atom. The fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group in the present invention is a compound represented by the following formula (i) or a compound represented by the following formula (ii), and is also referred to as "compound (i)" or "compound (ii)". When the compound (I) is used, the obtained fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (I) (hereinafter, also referred to as "compound (I)"), and when the compound (II) is used, the obtained fluorinated carbonate derivative is a fluorinated polycarbonate derivative comprising a unit represented by the following formula (II-1) (hereinafter, also referred to as "polymer (II-1)"), or a fluorinated cyclic carbonate derivative represented by the following formula (II-2) (hereinafter, also referred to as "compound (II-2)").

(i)R^F1-A-H

(ii)H-A-R^F2-A-H

(I)R^F1-A-C(＝O)-A-R^F1

(II-1)[-A-R^F2-A-C(＝O)-]

[ solution 4]

Wherein A is O, S or NH, R^F1Is a reactive inert 1-valent organic radical having a fluorine atom, R^F2Is a reactive inert 2-valent organic group having a fluorine atom.

The 1-valent organic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a 1-valent organic group having a fluorine atom, which is inert to a reaction caused by the composition by irradiation with light in the presence of oxygen. Similarly, the above-mentioned 2-valent organic group is not particularly limited as long as it is a 2-valent organic group having a fluorine atom, which is inert to a reaction caused by the composition by irradiation with light in the presence of oxygen.

As the compound (I), from the viewpoint of higher acidity, more efficient activation by an organic base, and efficient production of the object, a compound represented by the following formula (I-1), a compound represented by the following formula (I-2), and a compound represented by the following formula (I-3) are preferable, and a compound represented by the following formula (I-1), a compound represented by the following formula (I-2), and a compound represented by the following formula (I-3) are preferable in this order for the compound (I) to be obtained.

(i-1)R^F11CH₂-A-H

(i-2)(R^F12)₂CH-A-H

(i-3)(R^F13)₃C-A-H

(I-1)R^F11CH₂-A-C(＝O)-A-CH₂-R^F11

(I-2)(R^F12)₂CH-A-C(＝O)-A-CH(R^F12)₂

(I-3)(R^F13)₃C-A-C(＝O)-A-C(R^F13)₃

Wherein A has the same meaning as described above and R^F11Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkyl polyoxyalkylene) group.

2R^F12Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, 1 or 2R^F12Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, or together form C_2-6Fluoroalkylene or 1, 2-fluoroarylene radicals。

3R^F13Are each independently C_1-10Alkyl radical, C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Aryl radical, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Heteroaryl group, C_4-14Fluoro heteroaryl, C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical or C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) radical, 1,2 or 3R^F13Is C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, C_6-14Fluoroaryl radical, C_4-14Fluoro-heteroaryl or C_2-24Fluoro (alkyl polyoxyalkylene) group.

C_1-10The alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. As C_1-10Alkyl, preferably C_1-6Alkyl, more preferably C_1-4An alkyl group.

C_1-10Fluoroalkyl is C in which 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are replaced by fluorine atoms_1-10An alkyl group. C_1-10The fluoroalkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. As C_1-10Fluoroalkyl, preferably C_1-4A fluoroalkyl group. An alkyl group in which all hydrogen atoms are replaced with fluorine atoms is referred to as a perfluoroalkyl group.

C_6-14The hydrogen atom of the aryl group may be replaced by a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom or C_1-8Alkyl groups are substituted.

C_6-14Fluoroaryl is an aryl group in which 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the aryl group are replaced by fluorine atoms or C_1-4A fluoroalkyl group. Preferably C_6-14The hydrogen atoms of the fluoroaryl group are all replaced by fluorine atoms.

C_4-14The heteroaryl group is an aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 or more nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms. Examples of the aromatic heterocyclic group include 5-membered ring heteroaryl groups such as pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thienyl, furyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl and thiadiazolyl; 6-membered ring heteroaryl such as pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl and the like; fused-ring aromatic heterocyclic groups such as indolyl, isoindolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, chromenyl and the like, preferably heterocyclic groups containing a nitrogen atomMore preferably a pyridyl group.

C_4-14Fluoroheteroaryl is heteroaryl wherein 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the heteroaryl group are replaced by fluorine atoms or C_1-4A fluoroalkyl-substituted heteroaryl.

As C_2-24Alkyl polyoxyalkylene radical, preferably of the formula- (Q)^HO)_mR^HThe group represented by (A) or (B). Wherein Q is^His-CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH₂CH₂-、-CH₂CH(CH₃) -or-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂-，R^His-CH₃or-CH₂CH₃And m is an integer of 1 to 20 inclusive. When m is 2 or more, Q^HMay be composed of only 1 kind or a plurality of kinds. At Q^HWhen the composition is composed of a plurality of kinds, a plurality of kinds of Q^HThe arrangement of (A) may be random or block.

C_2-24The fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group is an alkylpolyoxyalkylene group in which 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the alkylpolyoxyalkylene group are substituted with a fluorine atom. In addition, a fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group in which all hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms is referred to as a perfluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group.

As C_2-24Fluoro (alkylpolyoxyalkylene) group, preferably of the formula- (Q)^FO)_nR^FThe group represented by (A) or (B). Wherein Q is^Fis-CF₂-、-CF₂CF₂-、-CF₂CF₂CF₂-、-CF₂CF(CF₃) -or-CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂-，R^Fis-CF₃or-CF₂CF₃And n is an integer of 1 to 20 inclusive. When n is 2 or more, Q^FMay be composed of only 1 kind or a plurality of kinds. At Q^FWhen the composition is composed of a plurality of kinds, a plurality of kinds of Q^FThe arrangement of (A) may be random or block.

C_2-6The fluoroalkylene group is an alkylene group in which 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the alkylene group are substituted with fluorine atoms. C_2-6The fluoroalkylene group may be linear, branched or cyclic. As C_2-6Fluoroalkyl, preferably-CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂-or-CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂-。

Specific examples of the compound (i) include CF₃CH₂AH、CH₂FCH₂AH、CF₃CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CH₂AH、(CF₃)₂CHAH、CF₃CH₂CH₂CH₂AH、CF₃CH₂CH(AH)CH₃、CF₃CHFCF₂CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CF₂CH₂AH、(CF₃)₃CAH、CF₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CH₂CH₂CH₂AH、CHF₂CF₂CH₂CH₂CH₂AH、CH₂FCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CF₂CF₂CH₂CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CH₂AH、CF₃CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CH₂CH₂AH、(CF₃)₃CCH(AH)CF₃、CF₃O(CF₂CF₂O)_nCH₂AH、CF₃O(CF₂CF(CF₃)O)_nCH₂AH、CF₃O(CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂O)_nCF₂CF₂CF₂CH₂AH. And a compound represented by the following formula (wherein the symbols represent the same meanings as described above).

[ solution 5]

Only 1 kind of compound (i) may be used alone, or 2 or more kinds may be used in combination. When 2 or more compounds (i) are used in combination, an asymmetric fluorinated carbonate can also be produced. However, from the viewpoint of production efficiency and the like, it is preferable to use only 1 compound (i) alone.

As the compound (II), from the viewpoint of higher acidity, more efficient activation by a base, and efficient production of the object, a compound represented by the following formula (II-1) and a compound represented by the following formula (II-2) are preferable, and the obtained fluorinated carbonate derivative is preferably a polymer containing a unit represented by the following formula (II-11) in the former case, and is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (II-21) or the following formula (II-22) in the latter case.

[ solution 6]

Wherein A represents the same meaning as described above and R represents^F21Is C_3-10Fluoroalkylene or poly (fluoro-C)_1-4Alkylene oxide) groups.

C_3-10Fluoroalkylene is C_3-10C in which 1 or more hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are replaced by fluorine atoms_3-10An alkyl group. C_3-10The fluoroalkylene group may be linear, branched or cyclic.

C_3-10The fluoroalkylene group is preferably R from the viewpoint of more efficiently obtaining a fluorinated cyclic carbonate^F21The main chain contained in (a) has 2 or 3 carbon atoms, and is a group having a stable cyclic structure such as a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring together with a carbonate group (-O-O) -O-), a carbonic acid dithioester group (-S-C (-O) -S-) or a urea group (-NH-C (-O) -NH-), more preferably a group having a stable cyclic structure such as a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring²¹X²²CX²³X²⁴A group represented by (wherein, X²¹、X²²、X²³And X²⁴Each independently is a hydrogen atom or C_1-2Fluoroalkyl of 1 or more to C_1-2A fluoroalkyl group. ) Particularly preferred is-CH (CF)₃)CH₂-、-CH(CF₃)CH(CF₃) -or-C (CF)₃)₂C(CF₃)₂-。

As the poly (fluoro-C) in the formula (II-1) and the formula (II-22)_1-4Alkylene oxide) group, for example, poly (fluoroethoxy) and poly (fluoropropoxy) may be mentioned. Para poly (fluoro C)_1-4Alkylene oxide) group, the polymerization degree of which is not particularly limited, may be 2 or more and 10 or less, preferably 5 or less. Furthermore, the fluoro group C_1-4The number of the fluorine group substituent in the alkylene oxide group may be 1 or more, and for example, the number of the fluorine group substituent may be different between the terminal portion and the other portion.

Specific examples of the compound (ii-2) include HACH (CF)₃)CH₂AH、HACH(CF₃)CH(CF₃)AH、HACH₂CHFCH₂AH、HACH₂CF₂CF₂CH₂AH、HAC(CF₃)₂C(CF₃)₂AH、HACH₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CF₂CH₂AH。

For C in the invention_1-4The amount of the halogenated hydrocarbon and the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group to be used is not particularly limited, and is used relative to C_1-4Halogenated hydrocarbon and 1 time mole of fluorine-containing compound having nucleophilic functional group may be used, and from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency and reaction time, the amount of fluorine-containing compound to C is not limited_1-4The molar ratio of the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group of the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 0.001 or more and 1 or less. The above molar ratio is more preferably 0.01 or more, still more preferably 0.1 or more, and furthermore more preferably 0.8 or less, particularly preferably 0.5 or less. When the molar ratio is 1 or less, the conversion rate of the reaction of the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group becomes high, and the residue of the fluorine-containing compound having an unreacted nucleophilic functional group can be suppressed. If the above molar ratio is 0.001 or more, the molecular weight distribution of the catalyst is determined by C_1-4Since the halocarbonyl-like compound formed from the halogenated hydrocarbon and the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group react more efficiently, the discharge of the halocarbonyl-like compound to the outside of the reaction system can be easily controlled. Furthermore, C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and can be used as a solventLower, relative to C_1-4The proportion of the compound having a nucleophilic functional group in the halogenated hydrocarbon may be 1mg/mL to 500 mg/mL.

The base in the present invention may be any of an organic base and an inorganic base, and the organic base is preferably an aliphatic chain tertiary amine, an aliphatic cyclic tertiary amine, a polycyclic tertiary amine, or a heterocyclic aromatic amine, and particularly preferably a heterocyclic aromatic amine from the viewpoint of more efficiently obtaining a fluorinated carbonate derivative. The reason why the fluorinated carbonate derivative can be obtained more efficiently when the heterocyclic aromatic amine is used is not clear, but it is considered that the heterocyclic aromatic amine forms a complex salt in which the heterocyclic aromatic amine coordinates to the hydroxyl group of the fluorine-containing compound, thereby further activating the fluorine-containing compound having the hydroxyl group.

The heterocyclic aromatic amine has an aromatic ring structure, and has a structure in which at least 1 of carbon atoms forming a hydrogen bond of the aromatic ring structure is substituted with a nitrogen atom.

Specific examples of the organic base include pyridine and derivatives thereof such as pyridine, α -picoline, β -picoline, γ -picoline, 2, 3-lutidine, 2, 4-lutidine, 2, 6-lutidine, 3, 5-lutidine, 2-chloropyridine, 3-chloropyridine and 4-chloropyridine; aliphatic chain tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, and diisopropylethylamine; aliphatic cyclic tertiary amines such as N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpyrrolidine and N-methylpiperidine; polycyclic tertiary amines such as 1, 8-diaza-bicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene and 1, 4-diaza-bicyclo [2.2.2] octane.

Further, as the organic base, a strong non-nucleophilic base may also be used. It is considered that the non-nucleophilic strong base, while promoting the reaction of the present invention by its strong basicity, hardly decomposes the halocarbonyl compound due to the non-nucleophilic property. "Strong non-nucleophilic base" means that the nucleophilicity of an isolated electron pair on a nitrogen atom is weak due to steric hindrance, and the basicity (pK) in acetonitrile_BH+) A base above 20. The strong non-nucleophilic base may, for example, be 1,5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0]Dec-5-ene (TBD, pK)_BH+: 25.98), 7-methyl-1, 5, 7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0]Dec-5-ene (MTBD, pK)_BH+: 25.44), 1, 8-bisAzabicyclo [5.4.0]Undec-7-ene (DBU, pK)_BH+: 24.33), 1, 5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0]Non-5-ene (DBN, pK)_BH+: 23.89), and 1,1,3, 3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG, pK)_BH+：23.30)。

Examples of the inorganic base include alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide; alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide; alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; alkaline earth metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate; alkali metal hydrogencarbonates such as sodium hydrogencarbonate, and the like.

The inorganic base may be pulverized and added to the reaction solution just before use, but it is preferable to add an aqueous solution thereof. The concentration of the aqueous inorganic alkali solution may be appropriately adjusted, and may be, for example, 0.05g/mL or more and 2g/mL or less. In addition, aqueous inorganic bases are used for the decomposition of phosgene. Specifically, phosgene is decomposed into carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride by the presence of water, and the hydrogen chloride can be neutralized with an inorganic base. Therefore, the present inventors considered that the reaction of the present invention proceeds via a halocarbonyl compound, but surprisingly, the reaction of the present invention proceeds even when an aqueous solution of an inorganic base is used as in the examples described later. Since the reaction of the present invention can be carried out even with an aqueous solution of an inorganic base, it is possible to carry out the reaction without passing through a halogenated carbonyl compound.

The alkali may be used alone in 1 kind, or may be used in combination of 2 or more kinds.

The ratio of the base to the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic reactive group is preferably 1.5 to 10 times by mol. The above ratio is preferably 1.5 times by mol or more, more preferably 2.0 times by mol or more, particularly preferably 3.0 times by mol or more, and most preferably 4.0 times by mol or more, from the viewpoint of reaction yield.

The invention comprises reacting a compound containing C in the presence of oxygen_1-4A step of irradiating a composition of a halogenated hydrocarbon, a fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic reactive group, and a base with light.

For C in the composition_1-4The forms of the halogenated hydrocarbon, the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic reactive group and the base are not particularly limited, and combinations thereofThe compound may be prepared by mixing the total amount of each compound in advance in a reactor, may be prepared by adding the compound in several portions, or may be prepared by continuously adding the compound at an arbitrary rate. Furthermore, in C_1-4When one or both of the halogenated hydrocarbon and the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic reactive group are not liquid at normal temperature and pressure, a solvent which dissolves these compounds and does not inhibit the reaction may be used. Specific examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and chlorobenzene; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane; nitriles such as acetonitrile.

Examples of the oxygen source include air and purified oxygen gas. The purified oxygen may be a mixed gas of nitrogen, purified oxygen, and an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. From the viewpoint of cost and ease of production, air is preferred as the oxygen source. From C by increasing light irradiation_1-4From the viewpoint of the decomposition efficiency of the halogenated hydrocarbon into the halocarbonyl-like compound, the oxygen content in the oxygen source is preferably 15 vol% or more and 100 vol% or less. Oxygen content according to C_1-4The kind of the halogenated hydrocarbon is properly determined at C_1-4The halogenated hydrocarbon is C such as dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloroethylene, etc_1-4The oxygen content in the case of chlorinated hydrocarbons is preferably 15 vol% or more and 100 vol% or less, and the content is C such as dibromomethane or bromoform_1-4The oxygen content in the case of brominated hydrocarbons is preferably 90 vol% or more and 100 vol% or less. Further, even when oxygen having an oxygen content of 100 vol% is used, the oxygen content can be controlled within the above range by adjusting the oxygen flow rate in the reaction system. The method of supplying the oxygen-containing gas is not particularly limited, and the oxygen-containing gas may be supplied into the reaction system from an oxygen liquefied gas tank equipped with a flow rate regulator, or may be supplied into the reaction system from an oxygen generator.

The term "in the presence of oxygen" means any of a state in which each of the above-mentioned compounds is in contact with oxygen and a state in which oxygen is present in the above-mentioned composition. Therefore, the reaction of the present invention may be carried out under a gas flow of an oxygen-containing gas, but from the viewpoint of improving the reaction yield, it is preferable to supply the oxygen-containing gas to the composition by bubbling.

Amount of oxygen-containing gas according to C_1-4The amount of the halogenated hydrocarbon or the shape of the reaction vessel is appropriately determined with respect to C present in the reaction vessel_1-4The amount of the gas to be supplied to the reaction vessel per 1 minute of the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 5 times or more by volume. The amount is more preferably 25 times or more the capacity, and still more preferably 50 times or more the capacity. The upper limit of the amount is not particularly limited, but is preferably 500 times or less by volume, more preferably 250 times or less by volume, and particularly preferably 150 times or less by volume. In addition, with respect to C present in the reaction vessel_1-4The amount of oxygen supplied to the reaction vessel per 1 minute of the halogenated hydrocarbon is preferably 5 to 25 times by volume. When the flow rate of the gas is too large, C may be present_1-4When the amount of the halogenated hydrocarbon is too small, the reaction may be difficult to proceed.

The light used for the irradiation is preferably light containing short-wavelength light, more preferably light containing ultraviolet light, and particularly preferably light containing light having a wavelength of 180nm to 500 nm. In addition, the wavelength of light can be according to C_1-4The type of the halogenated hydrocarbon is appropriately determined, and is more preferably 400nm, and still more preferably 300nm or less. In this case, C may be substituted by_1-4Halogenated hydrocarbons produce halocarbonyl-like compounds with high efficiency.

Specific examples of the light source for light irradiation include sunlight, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a medium-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh-pressure mercury lamp, a chemical lamp, a black light lamp, a metal halide lamp, and an LED lamp. From the viewpoint of reaction efficiency or cost, a low-pressure mercury lamp is preferable.

The intensity of the irradiation light is preferably 10. mu.W/cm²Above 500 muW/cm²The following. The intensity of the irradiation light is more preferably 100. mu.W/cm²Hereinafter, 40. mu.W/cm is particularly preferable²The following. The light irradiation time is preferably 0.5 to 10 hours, more preferably 1 to 6 hours, and particularly preferably 2 to 4 hours.

The light irradiation may be performed in a continuous manner from the start to the end of the reaction, in a manner of alternately repeating light irradiation and light non-irradiation, or in a manner of irradiating light only for a predetermined time from the start to the end of the reaction.

The temperature during the reaction is preferably 0 ℃ to 50 ℃. The temperature is more preferably 10 ℃ or higher, and particularly preferably 20 ℃ or higher. Further, the temperature is more preferably 40 ℃ or lower, and particularly preferably 30 ℃ or lower.

The reaction apparatus usable in the production method of the present invention may, for example, be a reaction apparatus having a light irradiation means in a reaction vessel. The reaction apparatus may be provided with a stirring device or a temperature control means. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a reaction apparatus usable in the production method of the present invention. The reaction apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has a light irradiation member 1 in a cylindrical reaction vessel 6. The raw material compounds are added to the cylindrical reaction vessel 6, and the reaction is carried out by irradiating the reaction vessel 6 with light through the light irradiation means 1 while supplying a gas containing oxygen or bubbling a gas containing oxygen (not shown) in the composition. When the light irradiation member 1 is covered with a sleeve 2 or the like, the sleeve is preferably made of a material that transmits the short-wavelength light. In addition, the reaction vessel may be irradiated with light from the outside, and in this case, the reaction vessel is preferably made of a material that transmits the short-wavelength light. The material that transmits the short-wavelength light may, for example, be quartz glass.

The product obtained by the above reaction can be further purified by distillation, distillation under reduced pressure, column chromatography, liquid separation, extraction, washing, recrystallization, or the like.

When a hydroxyl group-containing compound, a mercapto group-containing compound, or an amino group-containing compound is used as the fluorine-containing compound having a nucleophilic functional group as the raw material compound, carbonate derivatives having a carbonate group (-O — C (═ O) -O-), a dicarbonate group (-S-C (═ O) -S-), and a urea group (-NH-C (═ O) -NH-) are produced, respectively. Further, a carbonate derivative having a carbamate group (-O — C (═ O) -NH-) is produced in the case of using a hydroxyl group-containing compound and an amino group-containing compound in combination, and a carbonate derivative having a thiocarbamate group (-S-C (═ O) -NH-) is produced in the case of using a mercapto group-containing compound and an amino group-containing compound in combination.

The fluorinated carbonate derivative obtained by the production method of the present invention can be used as a nonaqueous solvent or the like, and can be used as an electrolyte of a lithium ion secondary battery. Further, fluorinated carbonates such as bis (hexafluoroisopropyl) carbonate can be used as phosgene instead of the compound, which has high reactivity and is easy to handle. Furthermore, the fluorinated polycarbonate obtained by the production method of the present invention is excellent in chemical resistance and can be used as an engineering plastic.

The present application claims benefits based on the priority of japanese patent application No. 2017-97682, applied on 5, 16, 2017. The entire contents of the specification of japanese patent application No. 2017-97682, filed on 5/16/2017, are incorporated herein by reference.