阅读说明：本技术 一种改性的高活性无机纤维复合材料和制备及再生方法 (Modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and preparation and regeneration method thereof ) 是由 李庆 杨政 孙爱文 李诗帆 龚杰 于 2019-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改性的高活性无机纤维复合材料和制备及再生方法,配方包括：二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、氧化钙、氧化镁、二氧化锰、五氧化二钒、二氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铜、氧化镍和氧化锌,各组分的质量百分含量分别是：15-40％的二氧化硅、5-10％的三氧化二铝、5-15％的氧化钙、10-30％的氧化镁、10-25％的二氧化锰、10-25％的五氧化二钒、20-30％的二氧化钛,0.5-5％的氧化铁,0.5-5％的氧化铜、0.5-5％的氧化镍和0.5-5％的氧化锌；该发明,采用的是一种全新配方的多种金属氧化物与活性过渡金属氧化物制成耐高温的无机纤维,利用纤维本身含有的过渡金属氧化物的物化特性和超细纤维的超高比表面积特性,以及改性后表面形成多通道、多孔、多晶型的表面特性,可以极大的提高净化效率,提升去除效果。(The invention discloses a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof, wherein the formula comprises the following components: the composite material comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide; according to the invention, the high-temperature resistant inorganic fiber is prepared from multiple metal oxides and active transition metal oxides with a brand-new formula, and the purification efficiency and the removal effect can be greatly improved by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of the transition metal oxides contained in the fiber, the ultrahigh specific surface area characteristics of the superfine fiber and the surface characteristics of multiple channels, multiple holes and multiple crystal forms formed on the surface after modification.)

1. A modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises a base material and a transition metal oxide, and is characterized in that: the substrate mainly comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide mainly comprises manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide; the base material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide and 10-30% of magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of ferric oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide.

2. The modified highly reactive inorganic fiber composite of claim 1, wherein the matrix component comprises one or a mixture thereof.

3. The modified highly reactive inorganic fiber composite of claim 1, wherein the transition metal oxide component comprises one or a mixture of several thereof.

4. A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material; the method is characterized in that:

in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:

1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide, and the total weight percentage is 1;

2) manually selecting and adding one or more of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide in transition metal oxides, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;

in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:

1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;

2) after stirring and drying, opening the stirrer, and naturally cooling to room temperature;

in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:

1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;

2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing;

wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:

1) filling the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a groove body of a modifying liquid;

2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;

3) rolling the dried material;

in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;

and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.

5. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transition metal oxide added in the modification in the step one 2) can be modified by adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment.

6. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, the filtering material which is necessary to be recycled is physically washed, chemically regenerated, re-modified and activated, so that the material is recycled.

7. The method for preparing the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the active fiber material modified in the fourth step needs to be activated and treated in the environment of 200-600 ℃.

8. A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling; the method is characterized in that:

in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;

in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;

in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;

and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof.

Background

The existing water treatment technology has the application of using manganese sand to remove iron in underground water and also can be used as a material for removing heavy metal ions such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg and the like, and because the manufactured manganese sand has large particle material and small specific surface area, the defects of low removal efficiency, poor effect and huge volume of a filter device exist;

CS in exhaust gas₂、H₂S is the main source of odor, orderThe gas is generally removed by adopting activated carbon adsorption, and the activated carbon only has adsorption but cannot be effectively decomposed, so that the defects of poor adsorption efficiency and quick failure are also existed;

formaldehyde in household decoration materials is a main pollutant of air and is also an organic waste gas in industrial production of main pathogenic substances, odor of metal cutting fluid is also a main factor of indoor air pollution, most of the prior art adopts a method for adsorbing ozone for decomposition by using activated carbon, and the ozone decomposition can bring a new pollutant O₃The active carbon also has the defects of poor cost performance and low efficiency;

the air quality in a large-scale closed space, such as a submarine, is poor, and the health of people is influenced. The existing staticizing equipment is mostly also subjected to adsorption rather than decomposition, so that the problems of low efficiency and poor effect exist;

in view of these drawbacks, it is necessary to design a modified inorganic fiber composite material with high activity and a preparation and regeneration method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises a base material and a transition metal oxide, wherein the base material mainly comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide mainly comprises manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide; the base material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide and 10-30% of magnesium oxide; the transition metal oxide comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of ferric oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide.

According to the technical scheme, the base material component comprises one or a mixture of several of the base material components.

According to the technical scheme, the transition metal oxide component comprises one or a mixture of several of the transition metal oxide components.

A preparation method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting raw materials; step two, stirring and drying; step three, melting and fiber drawing; step four, activating and modifying; step five, weaving fibers; step six, manufacturing a filter material;

in the first step, the raw material selection comprises the following steps:

1) the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15-40% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 5-15% of calcium oxide, 10-30% of magnesium oxide, 10-25% of manganese dioxide, 10-25% of vanadium pentoxide, 20-30% of titanium dioxide, 0.5-5% of iron oxide, 0.5-5% of copper oxide, 0.5-5% of nickel oxide and 0.5-5% of zinc oxide, and the total weight percentage is 1;

2) manually adding transition metal oxides of manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide, uniformly mixing according to the proportion of 4:1:1:1:1:1:1 to prepare a modified solution, and uniformly stirring;

in the second step, the stirring and drying comprises the following steps:

1) cleaning a stirrer with a heating function, and then sealing and stirring a plurality of materials of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, manganese dioxide, vanadium pentoxide, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide and zinc oxide for 2 hours at the temperature of 95-110 ℃ according to the formula of the step one;

2) after stirring and drying, opening the stirrer, and naturally cooling to room temperature;

in the third step, the melting and fiber drawing comprises the following steps:

1) placing the materials stirred and dried in the step 2) into a smelting furnace, heating to 1100-1800 ℃, and fully melting the materials;

2) drawing the molten material into continuous fiber of 5-15um at high speed through a platinum rhodium alloy wire drawing bushing;

wherein in the fourth step, the activation modification comprises the following steps:

1) filling the continuous fiber obtained in the step three 2) into a groove body of a modifying liquid;

2) then the continuous fiber fully soaked in the modification solution is baked to be dry at 180 ℃ in a tunnel furnace;

3) rolling the dried material;

in the fifth step, the modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material obtained in the fourth step is rolled, and can be used for weaving filter cloth in a long fiber mode, and filter materials can be made into filter felts in a short filament mode;

and in the sixth step, the filter cloth filter felt prepared in the fifth step is placed in an activating solution for further activation, and the filter material is prepared after drying treatment.

According to the technical scheme, the transition metal oxide added in the modification in the step one 2) can be modified by adding potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide or magnesium carbonate according to the requirement of purifying gas in the target environment.

According to the technical scheme, in the sixth step, the filtering material which is necessary to be recycled is physically washed, chemically regenerated, re-modified and activated, so that the material is recycled.

According to the technical scheme, the modified active fiber material in the fourth step needs to be activated and treated in the environment of 200-600 ℃.

A regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;

in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;

in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;

in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;

in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled;

a regeneration method of a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material comprises the following steps of soaking in water; step two, dehydration treatment; step three, activating and drying; step four, recycling;

in the first step, the used filter material with the poor purification effect is soaked in the city water for 10 minutes;

in the second step, the soaked filter material is dehydrated, and the filter material can be dehydrated in a centrifugal drying mode to reduce the water content to below 50%;

in the third step, the dehydrated filter material is placed in the activation solution to be soaked for 30 minutes, the filter material is taken out after being saturated with the nano-slurry in the activation solution, and the filter material is dried at the temperature of 110-180 ℃;

and in the fourth step, the dried filter material is packaged and recycled.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts a brand-new formula of a plurality of metal oxides and active transition metal oxides to prepare the high-temperature resistant inorganic fiber, and can realize the formation of multi-channel, porous and polycrystalline surface characteristics on the surface of the modified fiber by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of the transition metal oxides contained in the fiber, the ultrahigh specific surface area characteristics of the superfine fiber and the surface characteristics of the modified fiber, thereby realizing the purpose of dissolving Cd in water²⁺、Cr⁶⁺Reducing the obtained product to a low-valent nontoxic component, and adding Pb²⁺、Hg²⁺The oxidized precipitate is removed, SO can be realized at low temperature₂Catalytic oxidation to SO₃Catalytic oxidation of NO to NO₂The high-efficiency oxidation reaction of (1) can catalyze, oxidize and decompose formaldehyde into H₂O and CO₂Can catalytically oxidize and decompose VOCs into H₂O and CO₂And other odorless and nontoxic gases. Can combine with active fiberThe nano surface characteristics and the physicochemical characteristics of the modified nano substance can be designed to correspond to the device equipment applied to the purification treatment of coal-fired flue gas, fuel oil flue gas, fuel gas waste gas, garbage odor, ship air, home decoration space, factory workshop, air-conditioning refrigerator and other environments and wastewater, can greatly improve the purification efficiency, promote the removal effect, reduce the operation cost, reduce the volume of the reaction device and reduce the investment cost.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the regeneration process of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a modified high-activity inorganic fiber composite material and a preparation and regeneration method thereof are disclosed: