阅读说明：本技术 膝关节假体及其膝关节衬垫系统 (Knee joint prosthesis and knee joint gasket system thereof ) 是由 石杜芳 陈夕辉 黄朋 李健 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种膝关节假体及其膝关节衬垫系统,膝关节衬垫系统包括半月板及胫骨平台,还包括弹性结构；所述半月板与所述胫骨平台之间形成用于容纳所述弹性结构的容纳腔；所述弹性结构包括能够沿膝关节的内侧及其外侧的方向移动的流动部,所述流动部为流体介质或流固体介质。本发明系统提供的膝关节衬垫系统,可以在生理活动下达到平衡状态。即,可以有效解决膝关节内外侧压力平衡和软组织平衡的难题,同时可以承受冲击载荷,达到更佳趋近自然膝关节的效果。(The invention discloses a knee joint prosthesis and a knee joint gasket system thereof, wherein the knee joint gasket system comprises a meniscus, a tibial plateau and an elastic structure; a containing cavity for containing the elastic structure is formed between the meniscus and the tibial plateau; the elastic structure comprises a flowing part which can move along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, and the flowing part is a fluid medium or a flowing solid medium. The knee joint gasket system provided by the system can reach a balanced state under physiological activities. Namely, the problems of pressure balance inside and outside the knee joint and soft tissue balance can be effectively solved, and simultaneously, the impact load can be borne, and the effect of approaching the natural knee joint is better achieved.)

1. A knee joint spacer system, comprising a meniscus and a tibial plateau, further comprising a resilient structure; a containing cavity for containing the elastic structure is formed between the meniscus and the tibial plateau;

the elastic structure comprises a flowing part which can move along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, and the flowing part is a fluid medium or a flowing solid medium.

2. The knee padding system of claim 1 wherein said elastic structure further comprises a cabinet bladder;

the flowing part is positioned in the cabinet bag.

3. The knee joint spacer system of claim 2, wherein said inner compartment is a permeable membrane and said flow portion is a fluid medium;

the inner isolating bag slowly releases the internal fluid medium when the static load is stressed; and absorb the surrounding fluid medium when the dead load is removed.

4. The knee joint spacer system of claim 2, wherein the number of said inner spacers is two, a medial inner spacer and a lateral inner spacer;

the inner side inner isolation bag is arranged on the inner side of the knee joint, and the outer side inner isolation bag is arranged on the outer side of the knee joint.

5. The knee padding system of claim 4 wherein said inner compartments are in communication with one another.

6. The knee padding system of claim 4 wherein said inner compartments are independent of each other.

7. The knee joint spacer system of any one of claims 4-6, wherein the compressive strength of the medial inner compartment is greater than the compressive strength of the lateral inner compartment;

and/or the elasticity of the inner partition bag is greater than the elasticity of the outer inner partition bag;

and/or the height of the inner side inner isolation capsule is greater than the height of the outer side inner isolation capsule.

8. The knee joint spacer system of any one of claims 4-6, wherein said medial internal compartment is identical to said lateral internal compartment.

9. The knee padding system of claim 2 wherein the number of inner pockets is one,

the inner isolation capsule extends along the direction from the inner side of the knee joint to the outer side of the knee joint.

10. The knee joint spacer system of claim 9, wherein a portion of said inner spacer is greater in height adjacent a medial side of said knee joint than a portion of said inner spacer adjacent a lateral side of said knee joint;

or the cross sections of the inner isolation sacs are the same.

11. The knee joint spacer system of claim 1 wherein said receiving chamber is a closed chamber;

the flowing part is directly arranged in the accommodating cavity; or the elastic structure further comprises an inner cabinet bag, the flowing part is positioned in the inner cabinet bag, and the inner cabinet bag is arranged in the containing cavity.

12. The knee joint spacer system of claim 1 wherein said receiving chamber is a semi-enclosed chamber;

the elastic structure further comprises an inner cabinet bag, the flowing part is positioned in the inner cabinet bag, and the inner cabinet bag is arranged in the accommodating cavity; or, the flowing part is a flowing solid medium and is directly arranged in the accommodating cavity.

13. The knee joint spacer system of claim 1 wherein one of said menisci and said tibial plateau is provided with a catch and the other of said menisci and said tibial plateau is provided with a slot for mating with said catch;

the accommodating cavity is positioned between the clamping hook and a clamping structure formed by the clamping groove.

14. The knee joint spacer system according to claim 13, wherein the height of the locking groove is greater than the height of the hook engagement portion, the hook engagement portion being a portion of the hook extending into the locking groove;

the height direction of the clamping groove and the height direction of the clamping hook matching part are the arrangement direction of the meniscus and the tibial plateau.

15. A knee joint prosthesis comprising a femoral condyle (5) and a patella (6), further comprising a knee joint padding system according to any of claims 1-14;

the femoral condyle (5) is disposed on a meniscus of the knee joint spacer system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of knee joint implants, in particular to a knee joint prosthesis and a knee joint liner system thereof.

Background

Total knee replacement began in the 1970 s and has now been developed as a routine procedure primarily for restoring the lower limb force line and achieving lateral pressure balance inside and outside the knee joint and tension balance in the surrounding soft tissues. The recovery of lower limb force line can be accurately treated due to the improvement of surgical tools such as osteotomy and the development of navigation technology, but the soft tissue balance problem can only depend on the surgical experience of doctors.

In recent years, although intraoperative knee joint force feedback pads have been introduced by companies, they have not been widely accepted due to high costs; the balance state of the lying position in the operation does not necessarily represent that the balance state can be achieved under the physiological activities after the operation, and the recovery effect after the operation is also evaluated.

Therefore, how to reach the equilibrium state under the physiological activities is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a knee joint spacer system, which can reach a balanced state under physiological activities. The invention also provides a knee joint prosthesis.

The embodiment of the invention provides a knee joint gasket system, which comprises a meniscus, a tibial platform and an elastic structure, wherein the elastic structure comprises a first elastic structure and a second elastic structure; a containing cavity for containing the elastic structure is formed between the meniscus and the tibial plateau;

the elastic structure comprises a flowing part which can move along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, and the flowing part is a fluid medium or a flowing solid medium.

A knee joint prosthesis comprising a femoral condyle and a patella, further comprising a knee joint padding system as claimed in any preceding claim;

the femoral condyle is disposed on a meniscus of the knee joint spacer system.

According to the technical scheme, the knee joint gasket system and the knee joint prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the invention realize the functions of shock absorption and elastic support by arranging the elastic structure between the meniscus and the tibial plateau. In addition, the flowing part can move along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, so that the flowing part can be adjusted and moved along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint through different stress on the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint under physiological activities, and the effect of automatically balancing the pressure of the inner knee joint and the pressure of the outer knee joint and the tension of soft tissues can be further realized. The elastic structure comprises a flowing part which can move along the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, so that the knee joint gasket system can show viscoelasticity characteristics under the static load of a human body and show superelasticity characteristics under the impact load (such as jumping), thereby completely simulating the functions of cartilage and meniscus of the knee joint of the human body and having the function of balancing the joint pressure on two sides and the soft tissue tension. The knee joint gasket system provided by the system can reach a balanced state under physiological activities. Namely, the problems of pressure balance inside and outside the knee joint and soft tissue balance can be effectively solved, and simultaneously, the impact load can be borne, and the effect of approaching the natural knee joint is better achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a knee joint spacer system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the plane A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of a knee joint spacer system in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a first inner compartment of a knee padding system in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a second internal bladder of a knee padding system in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a third inner compartment of a knee padding system in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a mounting configuration of a knee joint spacer system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a knee joint pad system for achieving a balanced state under physiological activities. The invention also provides a knee joint prosthesis.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the invention provides a knee joint spacer system, including a meniscus 1, a flexible structure 2, and a tibial plateau 3. A containing cavity for containing the elastic structure 2 is formed between the meniscus 1 and the tibial platform 3; the elastic structure 2 comprises a flow portion, which is a fluid medium or a flowing solid medium, that is movable in the direction of the inner side of the knee joint and the outer side thereof.

According to the knee joint gasket system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the elastic structure 2 is arranged between the meniscus 1 and the tibial platform 3, so that the effects of shock absorption and elastic support are realized. In addition, the flowing part can move along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, so that the flowing part can be adjusted and moved along the directions of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint through different stress on the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint under physiological activities, and the effect of automatically balancing the pressure of the inner knee joint and the pressure of the outer knee joint and the tension of soft tissues can be further realized. The elastic structure 2 includes a flow portion that can move along the inner side and outer side of the knee joint, so that the knee joint padding system exhibits viscoelasticity characteristics under the static load of the human body and exhibits superelasticity characteristics under the impact load (such as jumping), thereby completely simulating the functions of the cartilage and meniscus of the human knee joint and having the function of balancing the joint pressure on both sides and the soft tissue tension. The knee joint gasket system provided by the system can reach a balanced state under physiological activities. Namely, the problems of pressure balance inside and outside the knee joint and soft tissue balance can be effectively solved, and simultaneously, the impact load can be borne, and the effect of approaching the natural knee joint is better achieved.

It is to be noted that the spacer system can be provided in the facet joints, ankle joints and artificial spinal discs according to the principles of the knee spacer system described above. Taking the spinal artificial intervertebral disc as an example, the spinal artificial intervertebral disc spacer system comprises a plurality of sections of the spinal column and an elastic structure 2. A containing cavity for containing the elastic structure 2 is formed between two adjacent spinal columns; the elastic structure 2 comprises a flow portion which can move along the two side directions of the intervertebral disc, and the flow portion is a fluid medium or a flow solid medium. The two side directions of the intervertebral disc are the two side directions of the human body after the artificial spinal disc is installed in the human body. The flow portion may be movable in both lateral directions of the intervertebral disc and may be movable in the anterior-posterior direction of the intervertebral disc. The front and back direction of the intervertebral disc is the front and back direction of the human body after the artificial spinal disc is installed in the human body.

The fluid medium may be gas or liquid, the gas may be air or inert gas, and the liquid may be purified water, physiological saline or joint fluid. The fluid solid medium may be a silica gel, a gel, or a nucleus pulposus of an intervertebral disc analog, or the like.

In this embodiment, the elastic structure 2 further includes an inner cabinet bag; the flowing part is positioned in the cabinet bag. Through the arrangement, the overflow condition of the flowing part is effectively avoided. That is, the flow portion is wrapped in the cabinet bag, and the external shape of the cabinet bag is changed according to the flow of the flow portion therein, thereby realizing the structural adjustment of the elastic structure 2.

Furthermore, the inner isolating bag is a permeable membrane, and the flowing part is a fluid medium; the inner isolating bag slowly releases the internal fluid medium when the static load is stressed; and absorb the surrounding fluid medium when the dead load is removed. That is, the flow portion as the fluid medium may pass through the permeable membrane. The internal isolation bag slowly releases the internal fluid medium when the static load is stressed, so that the viscoelastic characteristic is shown, and the internal isolation bag absorbs the peripheral fluid medium when the static load is removed, so that the internal isolation bag is restored to the state before deformation, and the balance state under physiological activities is further improved.

The inner partition bag can also be set to be a non-permeable membrane, and the outer shape of the inner partition bag can be deformed according to the flowing state of the flowing part by manufacturing the inner partition bag by adopting a soft material.

The inner isolating bag can be made of soft material without elasticity, so that the external shape of the inner isolating bag is completely determined according to the flowing state of the flowing part. The shape of the inner isolation bag is adjusted by adjusting the flow part through different stresses on the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint.

The inner isolation bag can also be made of flexible materials with elasticity, so that the external shape of the inner isolation bag is determined according to the flowing state of the flowing part and the elastic force of the inner isolation bag. The flow part is adjusted through different stresses on the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint, the inner isolation bag has certain elastic constraint force on the flow part, and the shape of the inner isolation bag is adjusted under the comprehensive action.

In some embodiments, the number of the inner partition sacs is two, namely an inner partition sac and an outer inner partition sac; the inner side inner isolation bag is arranged on the inner side of the knee joint, and the outer side inner isolation bag is arranged on the outer side of the knee joint. Of course, three or more inner pockets may be provided so that a plurality of inner pockets are along the medial to lateral direction of the knee joint.

The two inner isolating bags can be communicated with each other. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the two inner capsules 2A are communicated with each other, wherein the communication channel area can be adjusted according to the specific type and requirement of the flow portion. That is, the flow portion (fluid or flowing solid) can freely flow or deform between the two inner capsules 2A under pressure, thereby achieving the transmission and balance of pressure.

The two inner isolation sacs can also be independent. As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the two inner capsules 2C are independent of each other, and ensure respective supporting actions on the medial side of the knee joint and the lateral side of the knee joint. Wherein, the connecting position between two inner isolating sacs 2C is located at one side of the inner isolating sac 2C close to the tibial plateau 3, so as to facilitate installation and stability. Of course, the connection position between the two inner capsules 2C may be located on the side of the inner capsule 2C close to the meniscus 1 or in the middle of the inner capsule 2C in the height direction. Wherein, the height direction of the inner capsule 2C is the arrangement direction of the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3.

Since the forces generally are greater on the medial side of the knee than on the lateral side of the knee, it is preferred that the compressive strength of the medial inner compartment be greater than the compressive strength of the lateral inner compartment. Compared with the inner isolating bag at the outer side, the compression strength of the inner isolating bag at the inner side is improved, so that the inner isolating bag is suitable for a human body to use.

And the elasticity of the inner side inner isolation bag is larger than that of the outer side inner isolation bag. Through the arrangement, the elastic recovery effect of the inner isolation bag on the inner side is improved, and the use comfort of a human body is improved.

Further, the height of the inboard inner partition pocket is greater than the height of the outboard inner partition pocket. Wherein, the height difference between the inner side inner isolation bag and the outer side inner isolation bag is within a reasonable range.

In another embodiment, the medial internal capsule is the same as the lateral internal capsule. Through the arrangement, the processing operation is facilitated.

It is also possible to make the number of the inner capsules one, and the inner capsules are arranged to extend in the arrangement direction of the medial and lateral sides of the knee joint. As shown in fig. 5, the inner partition pocket 2B is a long strip-shaped inner partition pocket so as to be arranged in the arrangement direction of the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint.

As above, since the force applied to the inner side of the knee joint is generally greater than the force applied to the outer side of the knee joint, the height of the inner partition pocket near the inner side of the knee joint is greater than the height of the inner partition pocket near the outer side of the knee joint.

For the sake of processing convenience, the cross section along the extending direction of the inner isolating bag is the same.

In order to limit the elastic deformation of the elastic structure 2, a housing cavity for housing the elastic structure 2 is formed between the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3. By providing a receiving cavity, the stability of the arrangement of the elastic structure 2 between the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3 can also be improved.

In this embodiment, the accommodating cavity is a closed cavity. For convenience of processing, the flowing part is directly arranged in the accommodating cavity.

It is also possible to make the housing cavity a closed cavity, i.e. the housing cavity formed is completely closed after the meniscus 1 has been assembled opposite the tibial plateau 2. The elastic structure 2 further comprises an inner cabinet bag flowing part which is positioned in the inner cabinet bag, and the inner cabinet bag is arranged in the containing cavity. Wherein, any outer wall of the inner cabinet bag is limited by the containing cavity.

The accommodating cavity can also be a semi-closed cavity, namely, after the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 2 are assembled oppositely, the formed accommodating cavity is partially closed, but the accommodating cavity also has an opening structure communicated with the outside; the elastic structure 2 further comprises an inner cabinet bag flowing part which is positioned in the inner cabinet bag, and the inner cabinet bag is arranged in the containing cavity. Wherein the cabinet pocket is bounded by the enclosed portion of the receiving cavity.

The accommodating cavity can also be a semi-closed cavity, namely, after the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 2 are assembled oppositely, the formed accommodating cavity is partially closed, but the accommodating cavity also has an opening structure communicated with the outside; the flowing part is a flowing solid medium and is directly arranged in the accommodating cavity. The flow solid medium is confined by the closed portion of the containment chamber.

In order to prevent the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3 from being far away from each other to cause the elastic structure 2 to be separated, a clamping hook is arranged on one part of the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3, and a clamping groove matched with the clamping hook is arranged on the other part of the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3; the containing cavity is positioned in the middle of the buckle structure 4 formed by the hook and the clamping groove. Namely, the clamping structure 4 formed by the clamping hook and the clamping groove is arranged around the accommodating cavity.

In order to reduce the constraint force on the elastic structure 2, the height of the clamping groove is greater than that of the clamping hook matching part, and the clamping hook matching part is a part of the clamping hook extending into the clamping groove; the height direction of the clamping groove and the height direction of the clamping hook matching part are the arrangement direction of the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3.

For ease of installation, the number of snap features 4 is two and is located on the anterior and posterior sides of the meniscus 1 and tibial plateau 3, respectively. Wherein, the front sides of the meniscus 1 and the tibial plateau 3 are the sides of the knee joint gasket system which are positioned in the human body and face the front of the human body; the posterior side of the meniscus 1 and tibial plateau 3 is the side of the knee joint spacer system that is located posterior to the body and towards the back of the body.

As shown in fig. 7, in the surgical implementation process, the elastic structure 2 (the capsule) may be first installed in the semi-closed cavity at the bottom of the meniscus 1 (the portion of the meniscus 1 facing the tibial plateau 3), and then the front hook of the meniscus 1 is installed in the tibial plateau 3 fixed to the tibia, so that the front hook is matched with the front slot of the tibial plateau 3; and then the rear side buckle of the meniscus 1 is matched with the rear side clamping groove of the tibial platform 3 in a locking way by knocking with an instrument, thereby achieving a stable fixing effect.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a knee joint prosthesis, which comprises a femoral condyle 5, a patella 6 and any one of the knee joint gasket systems; the femoral condyle 5 is disposed on the meniscus of the knee joint spacer system. The knee joint prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same technical effects as the knee joint gasket system, and the technical effects are not described in detail herein.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.