Clamping mechanism and spinal vertebral plate grinding operation device
阅读说明:本技术 一种夹持机构及脊柱椎板磨削手术装置 (Clamping mechanism and spinal vertebral plate grinding operation device ) 是由 胡颖 田伟 李琨伦 孙宇 李猛 刘亚军 徐艳雯 齐晓志 于 2019-10-31 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明适用于医疗器械技术领域,提供了一种夹持机构及脊柱椎板磨削手术装置,所述夹持机构包括第一构件,呈内中空结构;第二构件,活动套设于所述第一构件内,且用于夹持骨刀;以及弹性件,套设于所述第一构件与第二构件之间,且一端抵接于所述第一构件的端部,另一端抵接于所述第二构件的端部。本发明通过设计一种夹持机构,该夹持机构包括第一构件、第二构件和弹性件,当骨刀末端与骨组织接触,并随患者呼吸运动上下浮动时,会带动第二构件在第一构件内上下运动,进而挤压或释放弹性件,此时,由于弹性件的存在,使得骨刀与第一构件之间的连接为柔性连接,避免了骨刀末端接触力的突变,为实现骨刀末端接触力的恒定控制奠定了基础。(The invention is suitable for the technical field of medical instruments, and provides a clamping mechanism and a spinal vertebral plate grinding operation device, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a first component which is of an inner hollow structure; the second component is movably sleeved in the first component and used for clamping the osteotome; and the elastic piece is sleeved between the first member and the second member, one end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the first member, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the second member. According to the invention, by designing the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism comprises the first component, the second component and the elastic part, when the tail end of the osteotome is in contact with bone tissues and floats up and down along with the respiratory motion of a patient, the second component is driven to move up and down in the first component, so that the elastic part is extruded or released, at the moment, due to the existence of the elastic part, the connection between the osteotome and the first component is flexible, the sudden change of the contact force of the tail end of the osteotome is avoided, and a foundation is laid for realizing the constant control of the contact force of the tail end of the osteotome.)
1. A clamping mechanism, comprising:
the first component is of an inner hollow structure;
the second component is movably sleeved in the first component and used for clamping the osteotome; and
the elastic piece is sleeved between the first component and the second component, one end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the first component, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the second component.
2. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first member includes a first horizontal portion and a first vertical portion connected to the first horizontal portion, the first horizontal portion has a first through hole formed therein, the first vertical portion has a second through hole formed therein, the second through hole being coaxially disposed with the first through hole and communicating with each other, the first through hole has a cross-sectional dimension smaller than that of the second through hole, such that one end of the elastic member abuts against an end surface of the first horizontal portion, and one end of the first vertical portion, which is away from the first horizontal portion, has a limiting portion along a circumferential direction of the second through hole.
3. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein said limiting portion is a plurality of limiting screws uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of said first vertical portion, each of said limiting screws vertically penetrating said first vertical portion.
4. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second member includes a second horizontal portion and a second vertical portion, the second horizontal portion is fixedly connected to the second vertical portion outside of an end of the second vertical portion away from the first horizontal portion, an end of the elastic member away from the first horizontal portion abuts against an end surface of the second horizontal portion, a third through hole is formed in the second vertical portion, a fourth through hole communicated with the third through hole is formed in the second horizontal portion, and a cross-sectional dimension of the third through hole is larger than a cross-sectional dimension of the fourth through hole.
5. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second member further comprises a first fixing block fixedly connected to a side of the second horizontal portion away from the second vertical portion, and a second fixing block detachably connected to the first fixing block, and the first fixing block and the second fixing block enclose to form a fifth through hole.
6. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer wall of the second vertical part is provided with a plurality of positioning protrusions along the axial direction thereof, and the first through hole is circumferentially provided with a plurality of positioning grooves matched with the positioning protrusions.
7. The clamping mechanism as recited in claim 4, wherein a cross section of said fourth through hole includes a first circular arc adapted to fit said osteotome and a second circular arc disposed opposite said first circular arc, said second circular arc having a radius greater than a radius of a circle on which said first circular arc is disposed.
8. The clamping mechanism of any one of claims 2 to 7, further comprising:
the support ring is fixedly connected with the first component;
a force sensor connected to a side of the support ring remote from the first member; and
and the connecting plate is connected to one side, away from the support ring, of the force sensor.
9. The clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 8, wherein the support ring includes a third horizontal portion and a third vertical portion, the third horizontal portion is sleeved outside the first vertical portion and is fixedly connected with the first horizontal portion, and the third vertical portion is disposed closely to the outer wall of the first vertical portion.
10. A spinal laminectomy surgical device, comprising:
a mechanical arm;
a gripper mechanism connected to a distal end of the robotic arm, the gripper mechanism being as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; and
and the controller is electrically connected with the mechanical arm and the clamping mechanism respectively.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a clamping mechanism and a spinal vertebral plate grinding operation device.
Background
The traditional spine vertebral plate grinding operation has very high requirements on the capability of doctors due to the special operation position. The quality of the operation depends to a large extent on the clinical experience and feeling of the doctor. And whether the operation is scientific and correct or not also lacks the judgment basis of scientific specification. This greatly increases the risk of surgery and patient trauma. In addition, during the operation, the patient and the doctor need to contact various medical imaging devices with stronger radioactivity for a long time, and the patient and the doctor can be exposed to radiation with larger dose, so that the health of the patient and the doctor can be influenced to a certain extent, and the risk of infection can also be increased. Meanwhile, the doctor feels fatigue due to the operation which is highly concentrated for a long time, thereby affecting the judgment of the doctor on the operation and the operation precision, and causing serious consequences.
With the development of medical technology, the requirements of surgery on precision and safety of surgery are gradually improved, while the surgical skill of a surgeon is enhanced, the novel medical surgical instruments are gradually favored by the surgeon with unique advantages. With the rapid development and use of the ultrasonic osteotome, the problem is solved, and the ultrasonic osteotome as a novel and efficient surgical instrument has the advantages of tissue selectivity, good hemostasis performance, small damage to peripheral vascular nerve tissues, low heat generation, easy operation and the like, and has been widely applied in the fields of stomatology, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, plastic and cosmetic surgery and the like. In recent years, ultrasonic osteotomes are gradually replacing traditional bone cutting instruments and are applied to a certain range in the field of spinal surgery. However, the ultrasonic osteotome is sensitive to the contact force, which affects the cutting effect, most of the clamping devices in the existing surgical robot system are rigidly connected, so that the contact force is poor in maintaining effect, the influence of breathing of a human body in the surgical process cannot be avoided, and when the cutting is performed under the clamping of the rigid mechanical clamping device, the contact force between the surgical instrument and the bone tissue is easy to change suddenly. Particularly, in the spine vertebral plate grinding operation, due to the influence of the breathing motion of a person and the delay of a control signal, a surgical instrument is in rigid contact with the vertebral plate in the grinding process, so that the contact force is suddenly changed, the cutting effect is unstable, and the vertebral plate is penetrated seriously to damage nerves, so that serious consequences are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a clamping mechanism, aiming at solving the technical problem that the contact force between the ultrasonic osteotome and bone tissue is easy to change suddenly when the ultrasonic osteotome is clamped by a clamping device.
The present invention is achieved as such, a clamping mechanism comprising:
the first component is of an inner hollow structure;
the second component is movably sleeved in the first component and used for clamping the osteotome; and
the elastic piece is sleeved between the first component and the second component, one end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the first component, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the end part of the second component.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first member includes a first horizontal portion and a first vertical portion connected to the first horizontal portion, a first through hole is formed in the first horizontal portion, a second through hole is formed in the first vertical portion, the second through hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole and is communicated with the first through hole, the cross-sectional size of the first through hole is smaller than that of the second through hole, so that one end of the elastic member abuts against an end surface of the first horizontal portion, and a limit portion is arranged at one end of the first vertical portion, which is far away from the first horizontal portion, along the circumferential direction of the second through hole.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the limiting portion is a plurality of limiting screws uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the first vertical portion, and each of the limiting screws vertically penetrates through the first vertical portion.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second member includes a second horizontal portion and a second vertical portion, the second horizontal portion is fixedly connected to the outside of one end of the second vertical portion away from the first horizontal portion, one end of the elastic element away from the first horizontal portion abuts against an end surface of the second horizontal portion, a third through hole is formed in the second vertical portion, a fourth through hole communicated with the third through hole is formed in the second horizontal portion, and a cross-sectional dimension of the third through hole is larger than a cross-sectional dimension of the fourth through hole.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second member further includes a first fixing block fixedly connected to a side of the second horizontal portion away from the second vertical portion, and a second fixing block detachably connected to the first fixing block, and the first fixing block and the second fixing block enclose to form a fifth through hole.
In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of positioning protrusions are arranged on the outer wall of the second vertical part along the axial direction of the second vertical part, and a plurality of positioning grooves matched with the positioning protrusions are arranged on the first through hole in the circumferential direction.
In an embodiment of the invention, a cross section of the fourth through hole includes a first circular arc adapted to the osteotome, and a second circular arc disposed opposite to the first circular arc, and a radius of a circle on which the second circular arc is disposed is larger than a radius of a circle on which the first circular arc is disposed.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism further comprises:
the support ring is fixedly connected with the first component;
a force sensor connected to a side of the support ring remote from the first member; and
and the connecting plate is connected to one side, away from the support ring, of the force sensor.
In an embodiment of the invention, the support ring includes a third horizontal portion and a third vertical portion, the third horizontal portion is sleeved outside the first vertical portion and is fixedly connected with the first horizontal portion, and the third vertical portion is disposed in close contact with an outer wall of the first vertical portion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a surgical apparatus for grinding a spinal vertebral plate, comprising:
a mechanical arm;
the clamping mechanism is connected to the tail end of the mechanical arm, and the clamping mechanism is the clamping mechanism in any embodiment; and
and the controller is electrically connected with the mechanical arm and the clamping mechanism respectively.
The clamping mechanism has the following beneficial effects: it is through designing a fixture, this fixture is including being interior hollow structure's first component, the activity cup joints in first component and is used for the second component of centre gripping osteotome, and the cover is located between first component and the second component and one end butt in the tip of first component, the other end butt in the elastic component of the tip of second component, contact with the bone tissue when osteotome end, and when floating from top to bottom along with patient's breathing motion, can drive the second component up-and-down motion in first component, and then extrude or release elastic component, at this moment, because the existence of elastic component, make the connection between osteotome and the first component be flexonics, the sudden change of osteotome end contact force has been avoided, establish the basis for realizing the constant control of osteotome end contact force.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a osteotome clamped by a clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a clamping mechanism clamping a osteotome according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a clamping mechanism clamping a osteotome in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a first perspective view of a first member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a second member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a second member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a second perspective view of a portion of a second member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a third perspective view of a portion of a second member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a support ring provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a surgical spinal laminectomy device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals referred to in the above figures are detailed below:
10-a clamping mechanism; 11-a first member; 111-a first horizontal portion; 1111-a first through hole; 1112-a positioning groove; 112-a first upright; 1121 — a second through hole; 113-a limit screw; 12-a second member; 121-a second vertical portion; 1211 — a third through hole; 1212-positioning projections; 122-a second horizontal portion; 1221-a fourth through-hole; 1222-a first arc; 1223-second arc; 123-a first fixed block; 124-a second fixed block; 13-an elastic member; 14-a support ring; 141-a third horizontal section; 142-a third vertical portion; 15-a force sensor; 16-a connecting plate; 20-osteotome; 30-mechanical arm.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
At present, most of surgical instruments clamping devices at the tail ends of surgical robots are rigidly connected, force adjustment is carried out by using mechanical sensors at joints, however, the method is unstable in force control, in the operation process, small-amplitude breathing motion can generate sudden change of contact force between surgical instruments and bone tissues, the contact force greatly influences the cutting effect of ultrasonic osteotomes of the surgical instruments, and the existing clamping devices are not beneficial to popularization and use of the ultrasonic osteotomes. In order to solve the defect that the contact force between a surgical instrument and bone tissues is easy to change suddenly in an operation, the invention designs the clamping mechanism, and the rigid connection is changed into the flexible connection, so that the surgical instrument can still keep good contact force with the bone tissues under the influence of the respiration of a patient, thereby ensuring the cutting effect and being convenient for popularization and use of the ultrasonic osteotome.
In order to explain the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the specific drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention provides a
The novel embodiment of the invention designs a
In a specific application, the elastic member 13 may be a rubber member or a spring, preferably a spring, which is sleeved outside the
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the
In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting portion is a plurality of limiting
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6 to 8, the
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the
In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 4 and 6 together, in order to facilitate the assembly of the
In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, a cross-section of the fourth through-
In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 1 to 3 together, in order to maintain the contact force between the distal end of the
Specifically, referring to fig. 9, the
Referring to fig. 10, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a spinal laminectomy surgical device, which includes a
Specifically, the
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem that the rigid connection is prone to generating a sudden change in contact force by adopting the elastic element 13 for connection, and realizes constant contact force by controlling the
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
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