阅读说明：本技术 一种梳刷式荞麦收获装置 (Comb brush formula buckwheat harvesting device ) 是由 张卫国 郑中晓 王淳 王新宇 李亚男 刘向阳 冯松科 杨福增 党小选 于 2021-08-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种梳刷式荞麦收获装置,主要包括：喂入机构、脱粒机构、传动系统,支架、仿形机构；所述喂入机构与脱粒机构相连,所述仿形机构固定在支架上,所述喂入机构将荞麦植株进行分禾并使其倾斜一定角度后喂入脱粒机构；所述脱粒机构通过柔性梳刷齿对荞麦植株进行梳刷和打击以实现荞麦物料脱粒,脱出物沿着外壳内壁进入物料收集箱内；所述仿形机构通过角度调节板和高度调节杆调节地轮的角度和收获装置的高度,所述传动系统将动力输入轴的动力传至脱粒机构,该收获装置整体的角度可由调角圆盘和固定板调节。本发明无需收割荞麦植株,荞麦植株通过装置内的柔性梳刷齿对荞麦籽粒脱粒,收获损失率低,收获的荞麦籽粒品质高,作业功耗小,结构简单轻便,具有很好的推广应用价值。(The invention provides a comb-brushing buckwheat harvesting device, which mainly comprises: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a transmission system, a bracket and a profiling mechanism; the feeding mechanism is connected with the threshing mechanism, the profiling mechanism is fixed on the bracket, and the feeding mechanism divides buckwheat plants into plants and enables the plants to incline for a certain angle and then feeds the plants into the threshing mechanism; the threshing mechanism combs and beats buckwheat plants through the flexible combing and brushing teeth to realize threshing of buckwheat materials, and threshed objects enter the material collecting box along the inner wall of the shell; the profiling mechanism adjusts the angle of the land wheel and the height of the harvesting device through the angle adjusting plate and the height adjusting rod, the transmission system transmits the power of the power input shaft to the threshing mechanism, and the integral angle of the harvesting device can be adjusted by the angle adjusting disc and the fixing plate. The invention does not need to harvest buckwheat plants, the buckwheat plants thresh buckwheat grains through the flexible combing and brushing teeth in the device, the harvest loss rate is low, the quality of the harvested buckwheat grains is high, the operation power consumption is low, the structure is simple and light, and the invention has good popularization and application values.)

1. A comb-brushing buckwheat harvesting device mainly comprises: the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a transmission system, a bracket and a profiling mechanism;

the method is characterized in that:

the feeding mechanism comprises a nearside divider, a bottom plate, an arc-shaped buffer plate and an arc-shaped feeding plate; the bracket portion includes: the grain threshing machine comprises a square supporting rod, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a supporting fixed shaft, a pressing plate fixing groove, a shell, a gear box support, a pressing plate fixing rod, a grain receiving plate and a material collecting box, wherein the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are connected through the square supporting rod, the supporting fixed shaft and a rectangular transmission pipe in a welding mode, the arc-shaped feeding plate and the grain receiving plate are welded on the second supporting plate, the grain receiving plate is integrally located below the second supporting plate, the material collecting box is placed below a threshing mechanism, two sides of the grain receiving plate are in sliding contact with the lower end of the shell and the upper end of the grain receiving plate respectively, the bottom plate is located behind a grain divider, the rear end face of the arc-shaped buffering plate is welded with the pressing plate, the arc-shaped buffering plate and the pressing plate are welded on the bottom plate, one end of the pressing plate fixing rod is welded with the pressing plate, the other end of the pressing plate fixing rod penetrates through the pressing plate fixing groove to be fixed on the first supporting plate, three sides of the shell are connected with the first supporting plate fixing groove, A square support rod and a rectangular transmission tube;

the threshing mechanism comprises: the flexible comb tooth is fixed on the inclined plane of the comb tooth fixing rod, the comb tooth fixing rod is fixed on the upper surface of an ear of the comb tooth fixing rod through a bolt, the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are respectively fixed at two ends of the first threshing shaft sleeve and the second threshing shaft sleeve, and the threshing shaft sleeves are welded with the threshing shaft;

the transmission system includes: the threshing device comprises a gear box, bearing blocks 1-I, bearing blocks 1-II, bearing blocks 2-I, bearing blocks 2-II, bearing blocks III, a threshing shaft I, a threshing shaft II, a transmission shaft sleeve, a transmission chain, a chain wheel III, a chain wheel IV, a rectangular transmission pipe, a shaft sleeve, a bearing, an angle adjusting disc, a fixing plate and a power input shaft, wherein the bearing blocks 1-I and 2-I are fixed on a support plate I, the bearing blocks 1-II and 2-II are fixed on a support plate II, the gear box is fixed on the support plate I through a gear box bracket, the threshing shaft I penetrates through the bearing blocks 1-I and 1-II to be connected with the gear box, the threshing shaft II penetrates through the bearing blocks 2-I and 2-II, the transmission shaft is connected with the gear box and the bearing blocks III, and the transmission shaft sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the harvesting device comprises a rectangular transmission pipe, a shaft sleeve, a bearing, a power input shaft, a fixing plate, an angle adjusting disc, a bearing seat III, a chain wheel III, a transmission shaft, a chain wheel IV, a chain wheel III, a transmission shaft, a power transmission device and a harvesting device, wherein the shaft sleeve is fixed in the rectangular transmission pipe, the bearing is fixed in the shaft sleeve, the power input shaft penetrates through the bearing, the shaft sleeve penetrates through the fixing plate and the angle adjusting disc, the angle adjusting disc is welded on the rectangular transmission pipe, the bearing seat III is fixed on the rectangular transmission pipe, the chain wheel III is fixed on the transmission shaft, the chain wheel IV is fixed at the end of the power input shaft, the chain wheel III and the chain wheel IV are both positioned in the rectangular transmission pipe, power transmission is realized in the rectangular transmission pipe, and the integral angle of the harvesting device can be adjusted by the angle adjusting disc and the fixing plate;

the profiling mechanism comprises: the device comprises a ground wheel, a ground wheel frame, a height adjusting rod, a height adjusting groove, an angle adjusting plate, right-angle fixing steel and a ground wheel fixing pipe; the land wheel frame is fixed in the land wheel top, altitude mixture control pole and the welding of land wheel frame, altitude mixture control pole passes altitude mixture control groove and passes through the bolt fastening, a right angle face welding of right angle fixed steel is on altitude mixture control groove, another right angle face passes through the bolt fastening on angle modulation board, land wheel fixed tube one end welding is on angle modulation board, the other end welding is on square bracing piece, profiling mechanism passes through angle modulation board and altitude mixture control pole regulation land wheel's angle and height.

The technical field is as follows: the invention belongs to the technical field of buckwheat harvesting machinery, and particularly relates to a comb-brushing type buckwheat harvesting device.

Background art: buckwheat is internationally recognized as a coarse cereal economic crop used as both medicine and food because of its good nutritional ingredients, high medicinal value and outstanding health care function. With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the consciousness of dietary nutrition and healthy diet is gradually enhanced, and the demand of buckwheat in domestic and foreign markets is sharply increased. Buckwheat has the characteristics of large grain ratio, extremely inconsistent maturity period with plant seeds (the seeds at the lower part of the plant are mature and full, the upper part of the plant is in flowering and grouting), easy falling of the mature seeds, high water content of stems during harvesting and the like, has the problems of serious falling grain loss, easy blockage of a roller, high blighted grain rate and breakage rate of the seeds, poor harvesting quality and the like during mechanized combined harvesting, is not suitable for the mechanized harvesting requirement of the buckwheat, and restricts the healthy development of the buckwheat industry. Therefore, a harvesting device suitable for the characteristics of buckwheat materials is needed.

The invention content is as follows: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a combing and brushing type buckwheat harvesting device which does not need to cut buckwheat plants, divides the buckwheat plants into rice grains through a grain divider, enables the buckwheat plants to incline towards flexible combing and brushing teeth through an arc-shaped buffer plate and a pressing plate, and combs and strikes the inclined buckwheat plants through the flexible combing and brushing teeth so as to realize threshing of buckwheat grains. The device is small in size and low in harvesting loss rate, can be arranged in front of a power machine, reduces the cost of buckwheat farmers, and improves the economic benefit of farmers.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a comb-brushing buckwheat harvesting device mainly comprises: a feeding mechanism, a threshing mechanism, a transmission system, a bracket and a profiling mechanism.

Feeding mechanism includes divider, bottom plate, arc buffer board, arc feeding board, the support part includes: the grain threshing machine comprises a square supporting rod, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a supporting fixed shaft, a pressing plate fixing groove, a shell, a gear box support, a pressing plate fixing rod, a grain receiving plate and a material collecting box, wherein the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are connected through the square supporting rod, the supporting fixed shaft and a rectangular transmission pipe in a welding mode, the arc-shaped feeding plate and the grain receiving plate are welded on the second supporting plate, the grain receiving plate is integrally located below the second supporting plate, the material collecting box is placed below a threshing mechanism, two sides of the grain receiving plate are in sliding contact with the lower end of the shell and the upper end of the grain receiving plate respectively, the bottom plate is located behind a grain divider, the rear end face of the arc-shaped buffering plate is welded with the pressing plate, the arc-shaped buffering plate and the pressing plate are welded on the bottom plate, one end of the pressing plate fixing rod is welded with the pressing plate, the other end of the pressing plate fixing groove penetrates through the pressing plate fixing groove to be fixed on the first supporting plate, three sides of the shell are connected with the first supporting plate fixing groove, A square support rod and a rectangular transmission tube;

the threshing mechanism comprises: the flexible comb tooth is fixed on the inclined plane of the comb tooth fixing rod, the comb tooth fixing rod is fixed on the upper surface of an ear of the comb tooth fixing rod through a bolt, the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are respectively fixed at two ends of the first threshing shaft sleeve and the second threshing shaft sleeve, and the threshing shaft sleeves are welded with the threshing shaft;

the transmission system includes: the threshing device comprises a gear box, bearing blocks 1-I, bearing blocks 1-II, bearing blocks 2-I, bearing blocks 2-II, bearing blocks III, a threshing shaft I, a threshing shaft II, a transmission shaft sleeve, a transmission chain, a chain wheel III, a chain wheel IV, a rectangular transmission pipe, a shaft sleeve, a bearing, an angle adjusting disc, a fixing plate and a power input shaft, wherein the bearing blocks 1-I and the bearing blocks 2-I are fixed on a support plate I, the bearing blocks 1-II and the bearing blocks 2-II are fixed on a support plate II, the gear box is fixed on the support plate I through a gear box support, the threshing shaft I penetrates through the bearing blocks 1-I and the bearing blocks 1-II to be connected with the gear box, the threshing shaft II penetrates through the bearing blocks 2-I and 2-II, the transmission shaft is connected with the gear box and the bearing blocks III, and the transmission shaft sleeve is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the harvesting device comprises a rectangular transmission pipe, a shaft sleeve, a bearing, a power input shaft, a fixing plate, an angle adjusting disc, a bearing seat III, a chain wheel III, a transmission shaft, a chain wheel IV, a chain wheel III, a transmission shaft, a power transmission device and a harvesting device, wherein the shaft sleeve is fixed in the rectangular transmission pipe, the bearing is fixed in the shaft sleeve, the power input shaft penetrates through the bearing, the shaft sleeve penetrates through the fixing plate and the angle adjusting disc, the angle adjusting disc is welded on the rectangular transmission pipe, the bearing seat III is fixed on the rectangular transmission pipe, the chain wheel III is fixed on the transmission shaft, the chain wheel IV is fixed at the end of the power input shaft, the chain wheel III and the chain wheel IV are both positioned in the rectangular transmission pipe, power transmission is realized in the rectangular transmission pipe, and the integral angle of the harvesting device can be adjusted by the angle adjusting disc and the fixing plate;

the profiling mechanism comprises: the ground wheel, the ground wheel frame, altitude mixture control pole, altitude mixture control groove, angle adjusting plate, right angle fixed steel, ground wheel fixed tube. The land wheel frame is fixed in the land wheel top, altitude mixture control pole and the welding of land wheel frame, altitude mixture control pole passes altitude mixture control groove and passes through the bolt fastening, a right angle face welding of right angle fixed steel is on altitude mixture control groove, another right angle face passes through the bolt fastening on angle modulation board, land wheel fixed tube one end welding is on angle modulation board, the other end welding is on square bracing piece, profiling mechanism passes through angle modulation board and altitude mixture control pole regulation land wheel's angle and height.

Preferably, the flexible comb-brushing teeth are made of nylon materials, and the ear-carrying chain is a double-pitch chain.

Through the technical scheme, the buckwheat harvester has the advantages of compact integral structure, capability of being arranged in front of a power machine, low harvest loss rate, simple structure, easiness in operation and the like, and has good application and popularization values for small fields for planting buckwheat in mountainous areas.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of a comb-brushing buckwheat harvesting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a threshing mechanism in a comb-brush type buckwheat harvesting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of a comb-brushed buckwheat harvesting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between the material collecting box and the housing, and between the material collecting box and the grain receiving plate of the combing buckwheat harvesting device;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a comb teeth fixing rod and flexible comb teeth of the comb-brushing buckwheat harvesting device of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a land wheel; 2. a ground wheel frame; 3. a height adjustment lever; 4. a height adjusting groove; 5. fixing steel at right angles; 6. an angle adjusting plate; 7. a housing; 8. a pressing plate fixing groove; 9. a bearing seat 1-I; 10. a second threshing shaft; 11. a bearing seat 2-I; 12. a gear case; 13. a bearing seat III; 14. a rectangular transmission tube; 15. a pressing plate fixing rod; 16. the flexible comb brushes teeth; 17. a comb tooth fixing rod; 18. pressing a plate; 19. a land wheel fixing pipe; 20. an arc-shaped buffer plate; 21. a base plate; 22. a crop divider; 23. a grain receiving plate; 24. an arc-shaped feeding plate; 25. a bearing; 26. supporting a fixed shaft; 27. bearing seats 2-II; 28. a gearbox housing; 29. a drive shaft; 30. a driving shaft sleeve; 31. a third chain wheel; 32. a drive chain; 33. a fixing plate; 34. an angle adjusting disc; 35. a fourth chain wheel; 36. a shaft sleeve; 37. a power input shaft; 38. a chain wheel I; 39. a second chain wheel; 40. a second support plate; 41. a square support bar; 42. a first support plate; 43. bearing seats 1-II; 44. a threshing shaft sleeve I; 45. a second threshing shaft sleeve; 46. a belt ear chain; 47. a bolt; 48. a first threshing shaft; 49 material collection box.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the feeding mechanism comprises a nearside divider 22, a bottom plate 21, an arc-shaped buffer plate 20 and an arc-shaped feeding plate 24; the bracket portion includes: a square support rod 41, a first support plate 42, a second support plate 40, a support fixed shaft 26, a press plate fixing groove 8, a shell 7, a gear box bracket 28, a press plate fixing rod 15, a grain receiving plate 23 and a material collecting box 49; the first supporting plate 42 is connected with the second supporting plate 40 through a welding square supporting rod 41, a supporting fixed shaft 26 and a rectangular transmission pipe 14, the arc-shaped feeding plate 24 and the grain receiving plate 23 are welded on the second supporting plate 40, the whole grain receiving plate 23 is positioned below the second supporting plate 40, the material collecting box 49 is placed below the threshing mechanism, two sides of the material collecting box are respectively in sliding contact with the lower end of the shell 7 and the upper end of the grain receiving plate 23, the bottom plate 21 is positioned behind the grain divider 22, the rear end face of the arc-shaped buffer plate 20 is welded with the pressing plate 18, the arc-shaped buffer plate 20 and the pressing plate 18 are welded on the bottom plate 21, one end of the pressing plate fixing rod 15 is welded with the pressing plate 18, the other end of the pressing plate fixing rod passes through the pressing plate fixing groove 8 and is fixed through a bolt 47, the pressing plate fixing groove 8 is fixed on the first supporting plate 42, three sides of the shell 7 are respectively connected with the first supporting plate 42, the square supporting rod 41 and the rectangular transmission pipe 14, the arc feeding plate 24 and the arc buffer plate 20 are in an open trumpet shape, so that plants can pass through smoothly;

the threshing and harvesting device comprises: the flexible combing and brushing teeth 16, the combing and brushing teeth fixing rod 17, the ear chain 46, the first chain wheel 38, the second chain wheel 39, the first threshing shaft sleeve 44, the second threshing shaft sleeve 45 and the pressing plate 18. The flexible comb-brush teeth 16 are fixed on the inclined plane of the comb-brush teeth fixing rod 17, the comb-brush teeth fixing rod 17 is fixed on ears of an ear-carrying chain 46 through bolts 47, the first chain wheel 38 and the second chain wheel 39 are respectively fixed on a first threshing shaft sleeve 44, and two ends of a second threshing shaft sleeve 45 are welded with the threshing shaft;

the transmission system includes: the device comprises a gear box 12, bearing blocks 1-I9, bearing blocks 1-II 43, bearing blocks 2-I11, bearing blocks 2-II 27, bearing blocks III 13, a threshing shaft I48, a threshing shaft II 10, a transmission shaft 29, a transmission shaft sleeve 30, a transmission chain 32, a chain wheel III 31, a chain wheel IV 35, a rectangular transmission pipe 14, a shaft sleeve 36, a bearing 25, an angle adjusting disc 34, a fixing plate 33 and a power input shaft 37; the bearing seats 1-I9 and the bearing seats 2-I11 are fixed on a first support plate 42, the bearing seats 1-II 43 and the bearing seats 2-II 27 are fixed on a second support plate 40, the gear box 12 is fixed on the first support plate 42 through a gear box bracket 28, the threshing shaft I48 penetrates through the bearing seats 1-I9 and the bearing seats 1-II 43 to be connected with the gear box 12, the threshing shaft II 10 penetrates through the bearing seats 2-I11 and the bearing seats 2-II 27, the transmission shaft 29 is connected with the gear box 12 and the bearing seats III 13, the transmission shaft sleeve 30 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 29, the shaft sleeve 36 is fixed on a rectangular transmission pipe 14, the bearing 25 is fixed in the shaft sleeve 36, the power input shaft 37 penetrates through the bearing 25, the shaft sleeve 36 penetrates through a fixing plate 33 and an angle adjusting disc 34, the angle adjusting disc 34 is welded on the rectangular transmission pipe 14, the bearing seat III 13 is fixed at the upper end of the rectangular transmission pipe 14, the third chain wheel 31 is fixed on the transmission shaft 29, the fourth chain wheel 35 is fixed at the end of the power input shaft 37, the third chain wheel 31 and the fourth chain wheel 35 are both positioned in the rectangular transmission pipe 14, power transmission is realized inside the rectangular transmission pipe 14, and the integral angle of the harvesting device can be adjusted by the angle adjusting disc 34 and the fixing plate 33;

the profiling mechanism comprises: the device comprises a land wheel 1, a land wheel frame 2, a height adjusting rod 3, a height adjusting groove 4, an angle adjusting plate 6, right-angle fixing steel 5 and a land wheel fixing pipe 19; the land wheel frame 2 is fixed above the land wheel 1, the altitude mixture control pole 3 welds with the land wheel frame 2, the altitude mixture control pole 3 passes altitude mixture control groove 4 and passes through bolt 47 fixed, a right angle face welding of right angle fixed steel 5 is on altitude mixture control groove 4, and another right angle face passes through bolt 47 fixed on angle adjusting plate 6, 19 one end welding of land wheel fixed tube is on angle adjusting plate 6, and the other end welding is on square bracing piece 41, through adjusting altitude mixture control pole 3 and angle adjusting plate 6, can change the angle of the whole height of harvesting apparatus and land wheel 1 to adapt to the results condition of different relief, different crops.

Preferably, the flexible comb-brushing teeth 16 are made of nylon, so that the stress on the buckwheat can be reduced when the buckwheat is beaten and brushed, and the ear-carrying chains 46 are made of double-pitch chains, so that the flexible comb-brushing teeth 16 can be uniformly distributed, and the situation that the buckwheat cannot be beaten is avoided.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the power input shaft 37 transmits power into the rectangular transmission pipe 14 through the chain wheel four 35, the chain wheel three 31, the chain wheel four 35 and the transmission chain 32 are all arranged in the rectangular transmission pipe 14 for power transmission, the chain wheel three 31 drives the transmission shaft 29, the transmission shaft 29 drives the gear box 12 to rotate, the gear box 12 drives the threshing shaft two 10 to rotate, and then the ear chain 46 drives the threshing shaft one 48 to rotate, so that the flexible comb-brush teeth 16 move, and the moving direction of the flexible comb-brush teeth 16 is opposite to the advancing direction of the device; the device is fixed in front of the power machine through a fixing plate 33, an angle adjusting disc 34 is welded on the rectangular transmission pipe 14, the angle of the harvesting device can be adjusted by adjusting the position of a threaded hole in the angle adjusting disc 34 corresponding to the fixing plate 33, and the angle of the profiling mechanism is adjusted by an angle adjusting plate 6 through changing the position of a bolt 47. When the device is operated and moves forwards, the seedling divider 22 divides the buckwheat plants sowed by the drill, the plants after seedling division slowly incline under the action of the arc-shaped buffer plate 20, after the plants incline to a certain angle, the plants enter the threshing mechanism under the action of the arc-shaped feeding plate 24, the inclined plants are pressed onto the flexible combing and brushing teeth 16 by the pressing plate 18, and then the inclined buckwheat plants are combed and brushed by the flexible combing and brushing teeth 16 to realize threshing of buckwheat grains. Most of the threshed objects enter the material collecting box 49 along the inner wall of the shell 7, the material collecting box 49 can be drawn out along the inner wall of the shell 7 and the upper end of the grain receiving plate 23, and the rest parts fall into the grain receiving plate 23.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made on the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention according to the above description.