阅读说明：本技术 用于破坏铸件的铸芯的设备和方法 (For destroying the device and method of the casting core of casting ) 是由 A·博伊德克尔 于 2018-02-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种设备(1a...1i)和方法,用于破坏铸造工件(11、24)的铸芯和/或去除铸芯粘附在工件(11、24)上的部分,为此目的,所述设备(1a...1i)具有至少一个液压锤(2、2a...2f),或者为了破坏铸芯和/或为了去除铸芯粘附在工件(11、24)上的部分使用至少一个液压锤(2、2a...2f)。(The present invention relates to a kind of equipment (1a...1i) and methods, casting core and/or removal casting core for destroying casting workpiece (11,24) are adhered to the part on workpiece (11,24), for this purpose, the equipment (1a...1i) has at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f), or uses at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) in order to destroy casting core and/or in order to remove the part that casting core is adhered on workpiece (11,24).)

1. being used to destroy portion that the is casting core of casting workpiece (11,24) and/or being adhered on workpiece (11,24) for removing casting core Point equipment (1a...1i), there is the equipment (1a...1i) at least one to hammer into shape, which is characterized in that at least one described hammer is Hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f).

2. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the equipment has at least one carrying branch Frame (4), the hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) are arranged on the bearing support.

3. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) is fixed on It is arranged in the holding meanss (6) on the pedestal (5) of bearing support (4).

4. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the holding meanss (6) can movably at least It is supported on the guide frame (7,7x...7z) being connect with pedestal (5).

5. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the longitudinal of the first guide frame (7x) extends Horizontally or be parallel to bearing support (4) placement plane earth extend and/or the second guide frame (7y) longitudinal extending level Ground or be parallel to the placement plane of bearing support (4) and extend perpendicular to the first guide frame (7x) and/or third guiding The placement plane earth that the longitudinal direction of structure (7z) extends perpendicular to bearing support (4) extends.

6. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the holding meanss (6) set at least one Set actuator (8) connection on pedestal (5).

7. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 6, which is characterized in that at least one described actuator (8) is configured to Piston-cylinder unit is especially structured to hydraulic cylinder.

8. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the piston (9) of the piston-cylinder unit is solid It is scheduled on holding meanss (6), and cylinder (10) is fixed on pedestal (5).

9. equipment (1a...1i) according to any one of claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that described at least one is hydraulic Hammer (2,2a...2f) is arranged for pressing to workpiece (11,24) unique on the board (12) of the equipment (1a...1i) Contact element, the hydraulic hammer are also set to for destroying casting core or removing the part for casting core and being adhered on workpiece (11,24).

10. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 9, which is characterized in that only will at least one hydraulic hammer (2, 2a...2f) it is set as generating the clamping force for acting on workpiece (11,24).

11. equipment (1a...1i) according to any one of claim 1 to 10, which is characterized in that the equipment has more A hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f).

12. equipment (1a...1i) according to any one of claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that be equipped with and be used for workpiece The clamping device (14) of (11,24), the clamping device are arranged in the active region of at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) In domain or it can move in the zone of action.

13. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the clamping device (14) is arranged in band (18) on or on chain or on rotary table (20).

14. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the first guide frame (7x) is along the band (18)/chain direction of motion orientation is arranged in the moving region of the rotary table (20).

15. equipment described in 3 or 14 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the actuator (8) is configured to, Make at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) in the same manner as clamping device (14) in the band (18), the chain or institute It states and is moved on rotary table (20).

16. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 15, which is characterized in that it is characterized in that, at least one described liquid Hammer (2,2a...2f) and the rotary table (20) can rotatably be supported around identical rotation axis (z).

17. equipment described in any one of 2 to 16 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clamping device (14) it couples or is arranged on the shaking device with shaking device (21).

18. equipment described in any one of 2 to 17 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described at least one Hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) can move between operating position and resting position, in the operating position, in clamping device (14) workpiece (11,24) clamped in is located within the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f), described In resting position, the workpiece (11,24) clamped in clamping device (14) is located at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) The zone of action except.

19. equipment described in any one of 2 to 18 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clamping device (14) it can rotatably be supported around horizontal rotation axis (D).

20. equipment (1a...1i) according to claim 19, which is characterized in that in addition, at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) can rotatably be supported around the rotation axis (D) of the level.

21. equipment described in 9 or 20 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the shaking device (21) also can Rotation axis (D) around the level rotatably supports.

22. equipment described in any one of 2 to 21 (1a...1i) according to claim 1, which is characterized in that have at least one At least one first position (P1) in the zone of action of a first hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f), clamping device (14) energy The first position is moved to, also there is at least one in the zone of action of at least one the second hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) A second position (P2), the clamping device (14) can move to the second position.

23. according to claim 1 to equipment described in any one of 22 (1a...1i), which is characterized in that be equipped with controller, institute It states controller to be arranged to, for synchronously manipulating multiple hydraulic hammers (2,2a...2f).

24. the method for the casting core for destroying casting workpiece (11,24), which is characterized in that using at least one hydraulic hammer (2, 2a...2f) destroy casting core.

25. the method for going casting core to remove the part being adhered on workpiece (11,24), which is characterized in that use at least one liquid Hammer (2,2a...2f) is adhered to part on workpiece (11,24) to remove casting core.

26. the method according to claim 25 or 26, which is characterized in that with each hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) at least 2kN Power workpiece (11,24) is clamped to the equipment that the part that core is adhered on workpiece (11,24) is cast for destroying casting core/removal In (1a...1i).

27. according to the method for claim 26, which is characterized in that be only adhered to work by also destroying casting core/removal casting core Clamping force is transmitted on workpiece (11,24) by least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) of the part on part (11,24).

28. the method according to claim 26 or 27, which is characterized in that during whole process, by it is described extremely Clamping force is transmitted on workpiece (11,24) by a few hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f).

29. the method according to claim 27 or 28, which is characterized in that by least one hydraulic hammer (2, 2a...2f) generate clamping force.

30. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 29, which is characterized in that in workpiece (11,24) and for breaking Plastics are placed between the board (12) of the equipment (1a...1i) for the part that bad casting core/removal casting core is adhered on workpiece (11,24) Plate (13).

31. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 30, which is characterized in that make at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) are with the beating frequency operation per minute between 750 to 2700 impacts.

32. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 31, which is characterized in that make at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) are run with the operating pressure between 100 and 150bar.

33. according to any one of claim 24 to 32 the method, which is characterized in that make at least one hydraulic hammer (2, 2a...2f) 12 to the hydraulic oil stream operation between 35l/min.

34. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 33, which is characterized in that be used in the folder of workpiece (11,24) Tight device (14) moves in the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f).

35. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 34, which is characterized in that make at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) move together in the same manner as the clamping device (14) for workpiece (11,24).

36. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 35, which is characterized in that be used in the folder of workpiece (11,24) Tight device (14) vibration.

37. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 36, which is characterized in that be used in the folder of workpiece (11,24) Tight device (14) is rotated around horizontal rotation axis (D).

38. the method according to any one of claim 35 to 37, which is characterized in that make workpiece (11,24) unique one It rotates, shake in secondary clamping and it is processed using at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f).

39. according to the method for claim 38, which is characterized in that simultaneously make workpiece (11,24) rotation, vibration and utilize At least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) processes it.

40. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 39, which is characterized in that coincide with one another at most in different At least two in following processing type are carried out in 20% time phase:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece (11,24) is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece (11,24), and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece (11,24).

41. according to the method for claim 40, which is characterized in that

For each processing type, so that workpiece (11,24) is moved to different Working position (P1 ... P4) and move to difference Container (25a ... 25c) above, or

Workpiece (11,24) is set to stay in a Working position (P1 moves to P4), and for each processing type, it will be different Container (25a ... 25c) is located in below workpiece (11,24), or

For each processing type adjustment guiding device (26), and the material removed from workpiece (11,24) introduced different In container (25a ... 25c).

42. the method according to claim 40 or 41, which is characterized in that in unique primary clamping of workpiece (11,24) And/or in middle at least two carried out in following processing type of the single equipment (1a...1i) for workpieces processing (11,24) It is a:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece (11,24) is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece (11,24), and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece (11,24).

43. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 39, which is characterized in that unique the one of workpiece (11,24) At least two of following processing type is carried out in secondary clamping and/or in the time phase for coinciding with one another at least 80%:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece (11,24) is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece (11,24), and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece (11,24).

44. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 43, which is characterized in that make at least one described hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) move between operating position and resting position, in the operating position, clamp in clamping device (14) Workpiece (11,24) be located within the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f), in the resting position In, the workpiece (11,24) being clamped in clamping device (14) is located at the active region of at least one hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) Except domain.

45. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 44, which is characterized in that make clamping device (14) together with workpiece (11,24) move at first position (P1), process the work using at least one first hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) herein Part (11,24) then moves to clamping device (14) at the second position (P2) together with workpiece (11,24), and the workpiece (11,24) process the workpiece (11,24) using at least one second hydraulic hammer (2,2a...2f) herein.

46. the method according to any one of claim 24 to 45, which is characterized in that synchronously control multiple hydraulic hammers (2、2a...2f)。

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of for destroying the device and method of the casting core of casting workpiece, and the equipment has at least one Hammer uses at least one hammer to destroy casting core.Workpiece is adhered to for removing casting core in addition, the present invention relates to one kind On part device and method.

Background technique

In order to destroy casting core or in order to carry out decoring/desanding to the workpiece manufactured by casting technique, benefit can be passed through Workpiece is placed in vibration with the impact of hammer, is thus that casting core is broken, and removes molding sand from workpiece when necessary.

The equipment or method of type described above are for example by DE10136713A1 it is known that the document discloses for destroying casting The pneumatic knocking device of core.

Casting core ribbon is destroyed using beche and carrys out a series of disadvantage, especially brings the shortcomings that being set forth below:

Beche since structure type must be run with the compressed air of oiling, spray after implementing impact by this compressed air Out into environment.Oil in exhaust is at least partly blowed towards workpiece or casting core/mold direction and pollutes workpiece and molding sand. Thus further processing workpiece on the one hand can be interfered, because generally having to cleaning workpiece before further process step, separately On the one hand, since oily pollution will limit or even can interfere continuing to use or recycling for molding sand on long terms.Thus it can also send out Raw environmental problem, because discarded molding sand must be handled costly.

The air in addition, oil fine atomization in exhaust aerosol also pollutes the environment, thus in core-removing device week Personnel in collarette border will cause health problem.In addition, after the very short time, just with core-removing device sheet and Oil film is deposited on device and machine in the ambient enviroment that core-removing device is set.Thus it can cause relevant apparatus/machine Functional fault, but the cost that at least will lead to for clearing up contaminated surface improves.

In addition, beche can only be with lower extruding force workpiece pressing.Therefore, when using beche, it usually needs another Outer clamping device, to prevent workpiece " movement " on board.

In addition, impact duration is longer in pneumatic system.Therefore, with lower energy density in pneumatic system It will occur to motivate shear wave and longitudinal wave in workpiece.

In addition, beche normally tends to beating frequency undesirable reduction occur when loaded.Due to beating frequency This reduction, the desanding/decoring being actually able to achieve may decrease relative to specified achievable desanding/decoring.

In addition, the heat dissipation of beche is poor, to must regularly arrange interval, this inter-species in the operation of beche It has a rest and beche is cooled down.

In addition, the service life of beche is shorter and must often be safeguarded.Due to frequent service intervals, production Rate is lower.

In addition, cannot achieve positioning and controlled end for chisel in the case where not taking special measure in beche Point position.Especially in automatic processing flow, this can bring problem.

Finally, beche size is larger.Therefore, the processing of especially small workpiece is it is possible that problem.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind, for destroying the improved equipment and improved method of casting core.This Outside, it should provide a kind of for removing the device and method that casting core is adhered to the part that workpiece is from workpiece.Should especially it overcome existing There is the disadvantages mentioned above of technology.

The equipment that the purpose passes through type described above according to the present invention is achieved in, that is, at least one described hammer It is hydraulic hammer.

The purpose of the present invention also realized by the method for type described above, wherein using at least one hydraulic hammer to It destroys casting core and/or removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece.

Within the scope of this invention, statement " destruction " casting core is to instigate casting core broken or cause crackle in casting core first. Next, core and it is made to resolve into fraction by further destroying casting, so that casting core finally is discharged from workpiece, can for example by means of Help shaking device and removes broken casting core from workpiece.Here it is so-called (complete) " decoring or desanding " at this time.

" decoring or the desanding " is not necessarily and is completed by shaking device, but can be used for hydraulic destruction by disclosed The equipment of core is cast to realize.At this point, " destruction " of casting core further includes (complete) " decoring or desanding ".

" mold " is the entity of the negative shape shape of the intended shape with workpiece.

" casting core " is the specific example of mold, and casting core forms the in-profile of cavity or workpiece in workpiece.

" molding sand " is the material for forming mold and especially forming casting core.Although being in most cases actually to adopt With the sand mixed with adhesive for manufacturing mold/casting core, but within the scope of this invention, term " molding sand " also refers to for manufacturing Mold/casting core other materials.The alternative terms of " molding sand " are " foundry sands " or there are also " mold materials ".Alternative mold materials E.g. salt or ceramics.

Mold/casting core can have different molding sand granularities.In addition, mold/casting core can use different adhesive systems System bonding, such as utilize inorganic bond (such as waterglass) or organic bond (such as resin).In addition, casting core can also have There are different density and/or mold materials characteristic.In addition, can be added in casting core by other materials or object, such as iron core. Such as it by one opening of setting or multiple openings in casting core or by forming casting core by multiple portions, can also manufacture interior Portion is hollow or the casting core of part hollow.

Casting core with different densities and/or different mold materials characteristics can be produced for example by printing.It is printing When mold materials, the characteristic of casting core can be locally determined by changing adhesive.Such as it can manufacture provide in this way There is solid shell and in the internal casting core with loose sand body product.

Casting core can also be for example made of core shooter (" injection casting core ").Here, such as by means of pressure air volume Molding sand is ejected into core box by the expansion of impact type with high speed.Wet mold materials and dry mold materials can be ejected into cold In core box (" cold core box process ") or hot box (" hot box process ").

But casting core and its mold component can also for example press-type shell process manufacture.Here, the type that will be wrapped up with dry binder Sand is poured on the mould plate of heating.The type core of stratiform is formed by making molding sand agglomerate by the adhesive of thermal softening.These at In core method, it can also manufacture very firm and simultaneously and the casting core of boring.

The casting core (or its mold component) manufactured with molding sand can be coated or be permeated with material, to realize for melt Improved characteristic, such as improved wetability, higher heat resistance and improved gas permeability, porosity or air-tightness (are also joined See " mold wash "),

The equipment proposed and the method proposed are suitable for destroying and are particular also suitable for removing the casting of all known types The casting core of type is enumerated above particularly suitable for destruction/removal for core.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method proposed, at least one described hydraulic hammer () is for going Except casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece.

" adhesion section " of casting core being adhered on workpiece is to cast core to take off on the rest part for destroying casting core Shi Congzhu core The part that falls but will not fall off from workpiece without further acting on.These parts are in casting process in work It is formed in boundary layer between part and casting core, is particularly due to occurred high temperature and is formed." adhesion section " for casting core is specific For be " mold wash " and " penetrate into molding sand ".

In casting technology field, " mold wash " is a kind of coating material, and this coating material is applied to mold or goes back Have on casting core, so that porous type parts surface is smooth.Use the fire resisting of fine gtinding until high resistance to thus as basic material The material of fire.The coating isolation mold or the basic material (i.e. molding sand) for casting core, and protected from since molten metal is made At excessive thermal force.In casting process, mold wash can be on workpiece " agglomeration "." molding sand infiltration " is in foundry engieering Finger-type sand enters the adherency of the molding sand in workpiece or on casting, this will lead to coarse casting surface.At this point, molding sand particle part Ground is also fully surrounded by workpiece material.This undesirable phenomenon mainly appears on aluminum workpiece, but in principle may be used Can occur in other materials.Term " molding sand infiltration " refers not only to process, i.e. molding sand penetrates into workpiece surface, also refers to infiltration Molding sand itself.Therefore, " molding sand infiltration " is it will be also be appreciated that be adhered to the molding sand on workpiece.

In principle, the equipment proposed and the method proposed can be only used for destroying casting core, this includes to work when necessary (complete) decoring/desanding of part is only used for removing mold wash from workpiece, is only used for the infiltration of removal molding sand or for implementing The combination for the processing type listed.Combined processing type can synchronously or simultaneously be implemented, or can also successively exist Implement in separated procedure of processing.For example, can be carried out in the first step to decoring/desanding of workpiece, and mold wash Removal can be carried out in the second procedure of processing separated with first step.

The destruction for casting core also may include destroying (outer profile that is with cavity or forming workpiece) mold.Equally, right Decoring/desanding to workpiece also may include removal (outer profile that is with cavity or forming workpiece) mold.In addition, being gone The coating or molding sand removed, which penetrates into, can be from (outer profile that is with cavity or forming workpiece) mold.

By using hydraulic hammer, series of advantages is obtained, advantage especially described below:

Compared with pneumatic system, hydraulic system have closed circulation, oil during normal operation will not be from the circulation Middle outflow.Therefore be convenient for workpiece further processing because need not to workpiece remove grease, and make it also possible to chronically after Continuous or reuse molding sand, just needs to carry out waste treatment to molding sand over numerous cycles.

In addition, it includes oily pollution in pressure air that the environment of core-removing device, which not will receive,.It is not deposited in hydraulic system As the cleaning cost of Health cost caused by forced air system and functional fault and raising may be passed through.

In addition, hydraulic hammer is usually lesser in stroke while impact weight also with higher.Due to being present in hydraulic pressure system Elevated pressures in system, hit piece still can consumingly be accelerated and be hit the chisel of hydraulic hammer with very big impact force.High pressure Thus biggish power caused by makes now, and the chisel of hydraulic hammer can press to workpiece with higher extruding force.For hydraulic Hammer, the extruding force is be advantageously greater than 2kN, and beche is typically only capable to be less than 1kN and press to workpiece.Therefore, when using pneumatic When hammer, it usually needs clamping device in addition, to prevent workpiece " movement " on board.But in contrast, using hydraulic hammer When do not need any other clamping device.In other words, it is preferable that ground passes clamping force merely at least one described hydraulic hammer It is delivered on workpiece, the hydraulic hammer also implements the destruction for casting core or the casting core segment that adherency is removed from workpiece.In other words, The equipment preferably has hydraulic hammer as the contact element on the board for being only used for for workpiece being pressed onto the equipment, described Hydraulic hammer is also set to the destruction for casting core or removes the casting core segment of adherency from workpiece.It is preferred that in whole process In, clamping force all passes through at least one described hydraulic hammer and is transmitted on workpiece.

Also advantageously, at least one described hydraulic hammer is only arranged for generating the clamping force acted on workpiece.It is exactly It says, hydraulic hammer is not only used as being only used for pressing to workpiece the contact element on board, and the hydraulic hammer also generates folder Clamp force.It may dispense with the individual hydraulic cylinder for generating clamping force in this way.

Additionally, it is preferred that with each hydraulic hammer at least power of 2kN by Workpiece clamping to be used to destroy casting core or removal casting core glue It is attached in the equipment of the part on workpiece.

By high-clamping force and thus bring to workpiece compress, hence it is evident that change workpiece itself vibration characteristics and also There is the vibration characteristics of the system including workpiece and the processing machine for clamping workpiece, thus to destruction casting core or to removal casting core adherency Part on workpiece generates active influence.In general, the wide-band excitation to workpiece is realized by hydraulic hammer, it is especially also logical This excitation is realized in the wave reflection crossed in the rack for clamping the processing machine for having workpiece.

Research it is also shown that for identical desanding/remove core performance, when using hydraulic hammer with when using beche compared with need The energy to be consumed is less.Calculation shows that hydraulic system only needs pneumatic system for identical desanding/decoring to decore 18% of energy needed for energy.It is well established that desanding/decoring that 2 hydraulic hammers provide in 15 seconds in another experiment It can be provided identical in 60 seconds as 6 beches.It means that significantly reducing desanding/remove by using hydraulic hammer Time required for core or thus required energy.

The reason of this unexpected result essentially consists in: the mechanical momentum being transmitted on chisel from hit piece is using It is apparently higher than in pneumatic system when hydraulic hammer.In addition, passing through the cylinder of pressure oil such as hydraulic hammer in the intake line of hydraulic hammer The liquid column of the movement of formation actually impinges to be produced on rigid barrier and therefore due to the Incoercibility of hydraulic oil Raw violent pressure superelevation, the pressure enhance impact.In other words, the weight of the liquid column of movement can increase impact Weight.Thus opposite, the gas of the movement formed in the intake line of pneumatic mallet by the cylinder that pressure air flows into pneumatic mallet Column is practically without weight on the contrary, in addition, air is compressible.Therefore, in pneumatic system, by being present in intake line In the additional effect that does not generate of pressure medium.Equally, in hydraulic hammer, pressure medium enters the inflow characteristic of cylinder pneumatic Situation in hammer is compared can be more preferable, and generates less vortex.

In addition, the stroke time in hydraulic system is very short, this is also attributable to the Incoercibility of pressure medium.It is exactly It says, intensively generates the energy being transmitted on chisel from hit piece in time.In other words, exist to the energy transmission on chisel It is carried out in the very short period.Therefore this realizes high temporal power peak.In contrast, in pneumatic system Energy transmission is slower, so that so high power peak will not be formed.Therefore, compared with the situation in baric systerm, in liquid It is realized in pressure system with higher energy density and motivates horizontal and vertical wave.Therefore, compared with the situation in pneumatic system, make When with hydraulic hammer, occurs stronger horizontal and vertical wave in workpiece.Therefore, it in the identical situation of used energy, removes The removal capacity of the adhesion section of grittiness energy or casting core is more considerably higher than in pneumatic system in hydraulic system.

As described above, when hydraulic hammer impact, also making type by showing more strong horizontal and vertical wave in workpiece The adhesion section of core falls off from workpiece, to simplify subsequent work pieces process.Especially be available with a machine and Desanding/decoring to workpiece is realized in one work piece holder and is taken out is adhered to the part that workpiece is.It is possible thereby to significantly reduce For manufacturing the time of cast article.In contrast, when using beche, for example, by other methods, for example pass through shot-peening Processing (such as the steel ball for being 1 millimeter using diameter) removal mold wash.That is needing another machine, and must weigh It is new to clamp workpiece.

The impact carried out due to the above reasons, by hydraulic hammer is not preferably applied on the molding sand of casting core or mold, but It is applied on (usually metal) workpiece.Therefore this impact is that the extremely violent time in other words is especially short and be high-energy 's.In this case, chisel does not have tip advantageously, but flat.

Impact duration should not mutually obscure with beating frequency.Under identical beating frequency, there may be entirely different Impact duration (certainly, impact duration can also be shorter than the cycle duration of beating frequency always).This also anticipates Taste, under average energy content same case, shorter impact is in view of a cycle duration with long Strike higher energy density.

Beche generally also shows the trend that beating frequency reduces when loaded, even and if in hydraulic hammer when loaded Beating frequency is also held essentially constant.Higher beating frequency further mean that higher desanding/except core performance or removal cast core Higher rate when the part being adhered on workpiece.In the beche and hydraulic hammer tested, for pneumatic system, impact frequency Rate is about 20-25Hz, and in hydraulic system, beating frequency is about 28-45Hz.

The reason of another advantage of hydraulic system, also resides in, and oil is better thermophore more obvious than air.In general, oil Thermal capacity is about 1.7kJ/ (kgK), and the thermal capacity of air is about 1.0kJ/ (kgK).It means that with beche phase Than generated heat can preferably be exported by hydraulic hammer and hydraulic hammer can keep lower temperature.Such as thus will The oil to flow back from hammer is supplied to oil cooler.Due to preferably radiating, more favorable pulse duty factor may be implemented.It is exactly It says, interior at a given time period compared with beche, hydraulic hammer can be for longer periods in operation in proportion.Therefore, by In this reason, compared with beche, hydraulic hammer can also process more workpiece in the same time.

In addition, hydraulic system usually generally also has longer service life, to can extend relative to pneumatic system Service intervals.

In addition, being removed in the identical situation of core performance in desanding-compared with beche or being adhered to workpiece in removal casting core On part when the identical situation of rate under, due to the higher energy density of pressure medium in hydraulic system, hydraulic hammer structure Make smaller and usually also more very thin.This is especially favorably, because each hydraulic hammer can when processing casts engine cylinder body More closely and to be especially arranged by the distance of the cylinder-bore in the engine cylinder body to be processed.In smaller and smaller row In the case of amount, it is particularly advantageous in this regard using hydraulic hammer.

It can be carried out by the volume of the oil of inflow fine finally, for hydraulic hammer due to incompressible pressure medium Ground controls or regulates the position and especially its final position of chisel.In contrast, for beche, in not special measure In the case of cannot be achieved chisel positioning and controlled final position.

It is frequently advantageous that, in workpiece and equipment for destroying the part that casting core/removal casting core is adhered on workpiece Plastic plate is placed between board.For the plastic plate for buffering, being transmitted to clamping so as to avoid hit energy has the workpiece Equipment rack in.On the contrary, energy, which directly decays in workpiece and is here used for destroying casting core/removal casting core, is adhered to work Part on part.High amplitude can also be advantageously generated in workpiece by the way that plastic plate is arranged, this is conducive to destroy casting core/go Except casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece.One example of this plastic plate with trade name PU-Tecthan 556 it is known that and With 95 Durometer A hardness.

In principle, backing plate can also be formed from steel.This leads to very small buffering, and according to casting geometry and branch Surface is held advantageously, very high-frequency vibration should be generated on component.It advantageously, can also be to avoid work by setting steel plate Occurs excessively high amplitude in part, such as being broken from occurring in the workpiece portion to overhang and/or undesirable fracture occurs in cast gate to prevent.

It is noted here that the variant schemes and thus obtained advantage be both related to respectively destroy workpiece casting core or It is related to the part that removal casting core is adhered on workpiece, although always being clearly stated not to this.Therefore, unless otherwise saying Bright, the method and apparatus for destroying casting core can be used for the part that removal casting core is adhered on workpiece, and vice versa.

The part that workpiece is is adhered to about the casting core or removal casting core for destroying workpiece, it has proved that particularly advantageously, Hydraulic hammer with 750 and 2700 times per minute impact between (or further preferably per minute between 1700 to 2700 times) hit Frequency is beaten, and/or to transport 100 to the operating pressure between 150bar, and/or with the hydraulic oil stream between 12-35l/min Row.Within the scope of these, destroys casting core or removal is adhered to the part that workpiece is and has particularly preferred effect.

An advantageous variant schemes according to the present invention can be set, which has at least one bearing support, institute Hydraulic hammer is stated to be arranged on the bearing support.This variant schemes of the invention is distinguished by, can reliably really Protecting hydraulic hammer has determining position relative to the workpiece to be processed.

It is advantageously improved in scheme and can set at of the invention one, the hydraulic hammer, which is fixed on, to be arranged in bearing support Pedestal on holding meanss on.

For the adjustable optimum distance to workpiece, furthermore it has also been shown that advantageously, the holding meanss can move It is supported on the guide frame being connect with pedestal dynamicly, especially on guide rail.

Here it is proved particularly advantageously, the placement that the longitudinal direction of guide frame or guide rail extends perpendicular to bearing support is flat Face extends.In this way it is possible to simply highly precisely adjust the distance of the workpiece of hammer thereunder to setting.

It in order to change the position of hydraulic hammer, can set, the cause on pedestal is arranged in at least one for the holding meanss Dynamic device connection.At least one described actuator can be for example hydraulic or pneumatic hydropneumatic or electromechanical actuating Device.It in order to realize point-device manipulation, can set, manipulate the actuator to servo-fluid pressure type or digital hydraulic formula.

However, it has therefore proved that particularly advantageously, at least one described actuator is configured to piston-cylinder unit, especially liquid Cylinder pressure.

In order to realize small structure height and compact structure, the piston of piston-cylinder unit can be fixed on guarantor It holds on device, and cylinder is fixed on pedestal, or is opposite.By this set form of piston-cylinder unit, may be implemented to make Core-removing device has little structure height.Hydraulic hammer is preferably pressed upwards on that (oil pressure is applied to the entire rounded cross section of piston by piston On face) and pulled down (oil pressure is applied on an annular piston area).Raising hydraulic hammer and core-removing device as a result, When being fixed with the structure of hydraulic hammer, biggish power can produce.But due to the hydraulic hammer that is fixed with of hydraulic hammer and core-removing device The high compressive force for acting on workpiece or clamping also may be implemented even if oil pressure only acts upon on annular piston face in the self weight of structure Power.

Energy transmission that can in this way to be further improved to type core, that is, the equipment has multiple hydraulic hammers or right Multiple hydraulic hammers are used in decoring process.Impacts of these hammers, which move, especially can be synchronous, such as mutually have difference, So as to further improve energy transmission.For this purpose, can be arranged to synchronously manipulate the control of multiple hydraulic hammers Device.

Furthermore it is advantageous that the clamping device for workpiece is arranged in the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer The zone of action can either be moved to.Workpiece can be fixed during processing in this way.If clamping device energy In the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer described in moving to, then it can make the clamping of workpiece and at least one is hydraulic described in The processing that hammer carries out is onrelevant, thereby simplifies decoring process.In this case, it is used in the folder of processing loaded Tight device moves in the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer, and moves from again after the process is completed described The zone of action.

In general it is passed using at least one described hydraulic hammer to workpiece it should be noted that being not precluded using clamping device Pass the additional clamping of additional clamping force.The clamping force is especially for each hydraulic hammer also greater than 2kN.

It is also advantageous that clamping device setting is on tape or on chain or on rotary table.It in this way can be continuously Workpiece is supplied to except core equipment.

It is particularly advantageous in addition, the equipment for destroying the part that casting core/removal casting core is adhered on workpiece is at least One first position in the zone of action of at least one the first hydraulic hammer, clamping device can move to the first position Place, and the second position at least one in the zone of action of at least one the second hydraulic hammer, clamping device can move to The second place.Correspondingly, clamping device can move to first position together with workpiece, herein using at least One the first hydraulic hammer carrys out workpieces processing, then moves to the second position, is added herein using at least one second hydraulic hammer Work workpiece.The equipment for example can have multiple processing stations, these processing stations are respectively provided with hydraulic hammer or multiple hydraulic Hammer, clamping device or the workpiece in this middle clamping of clamping are moved to the processing station.By means of the band, chain or rotary table, Can make clamping device move to the first hydraulic hammer the first processing station the zone of action in first position at and Here it is processed.In another work step, clamping device can be made to move to the second processing station with the second hydraulic hammer The zone of action in the second place and it is processed herein.

It is particularly advantageous in addition, the first guide frame or guide rail are along the direction of motion orientation of the band/chain or setting In the moving region of rotary table.Thus at least one described hydraulic hammer equally for example by means of the actuator and can clamp dress It sets and moves together.This movement can be translation and/or rotation.In this form of implementation, the band/chain or rotary table Continuously move, and processing station or its hydraulic hammer during the processing of workpiece (that is, for example existing when implementing impact or also When clamping movement) similarly (synchronously) moved together with clamping device.After the process, the recoil movement of processing station is carried out simultaneously Restart this circulation.But it is also contemplated that the band/chain or rotary table discontinuously move and are parked in processing work At the position of part.In this case, processing station or its hydraulic hammer can rest at (processing) position.

If using rotary table, processing station can be supported on two horizontal guide rails, and realized and justified by the movement of superposition Shape track.It can certainly imagine and rotatably support processing station around a vertical axis, the rotary table is also around the vertical axis It rotatably supports, so that processing station and clamping device can be moved similarly.

Advantageously, clamping device couples with shaking device or is arranged on the shaking device.As a result, not only by institute It states at least one hydraulic hammer and processes the workpiece, and additionally make the vibration of workpiece, thus improve or accelerate and decored Journey.

It is also advantageous that at least one described hydraulic hammer is moved between operating position and resting position or can be moved, In the operating position, the workpiece clamped in clamping device is located within the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer, In the resting position, the workpiece clamped in clamping device is located at except the zone of action of at least one hydraulic hammer. It can especially make at least one described hydraulic hammer mobile thus or swing.In this way it is possible in order to which workpieces processing is by institute It states at least one hydraulic hammer and brings operating position into, and carry it into resting position after the process is completed, for example may be used To reach clamping device.It is also contemplated that if otherwise workpieces processing, such as make vibration of workpiece and/or rotation, At least one described hydraulic hammer is then set to move to resting position.

It is also advantageous that the clamping device can rotatably be supported around horizontal rotation axis.In this way, may be used So that clamping device or the workpiece rotation clamped in clamping device, the molding sand thus loosened can be fallen downwards.

Also particularly advantageously, at least one described hydraulic hammer additionally can rotate twelve Earthly Branches around the rotation axis of the level It holds.In this way, by least one described hydraulic hammer also can in rotary course workpieces processing, thus improve or accelerate Decoring process.

Furthermore, here it is particularly advantageous that additionally, shaking device can rotatably be supported around the rotation axis of the level.With This mode can also make vibration of workpiece in rotary course, thus further improve or accelerate decoring process.

In another particularly advantageous form of implementation, in unique fixture (that is be changed without clamping device or In unique clamping device) make workpiece rotation, vibration and it is processed by least one described hydraulic hammer.The rotation Turn, vibration and using at least one described hydraulic hammer carry out process here can in separated procedure of processing successively into Row.But particularly advantageously, at least in the part stage of process, the rotation, vibration and using it is described at least one The processing that hydraulic hammer carries out also simultaneously carries out.In this way it is possible to quickly terminate the processing to workpiece.

It is also advantageous that being carried out in following processing type in the different time phases for coinciding with one another most 20% At least two:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece is carried out to decore/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece.

By executing these processing types in substantially independent step, the processing of workpiece can be broken up particularly obviously It carries out, such as its mode is to change impact type or its position.Such as it is cast relative to casting core rupture can be improved for removing Core is adhered to the hit energy of the part on workpiece.The removal of cast gate can be for example done by, that is, hydraulic hammer implements it It targetedly strikes or cast gate is placed in vibration, etc..Although sequence given by processing type is advantageous, but It can change.For example, removing cast gate from workpiece can carry out before the casting core segment that removal is adhered on workpiece.With It is substantially separated in the different time stage of different processing types, but these time phases can also be in time At most it is overlapped 20%.In other words, in the next stage or before processing type starts, a stage or processing type are at least complete At 80%.It means that at least 80% molding sand is removed from workpiece for example before being removed cast gate, or completely Time-out needed for ground removal molding sand goes 80%, etc..

If processing type given by three or the processing type given by all four in a separate step and It is different overlap most 20% time phase in carry out, then for above-mentioned in a separate step and when different Between the processing of workpiece is also advantageous in the stage.

In addition, in a separate step and in different times in the stage processing of workpiece also advantageously,

For each processing type, makes workpiece motion s to different Working positions and move to the upper of different containers Side, or

So that workpiece is rested on a Working position, and for each processing type, different containers is located in workpiece Lower section, or

It is introduced for each processing type adjustment guiding device (sliding slot or pipeline), and by the material removed from workpiece In different containers.

In this way it is possible to separate the different materials of removal particularly well, mode is to be introduced into these materials not In same container.For example, the molding sand from casting core can be introduced into the first container, and mold wash or molding sand infiltration are drawn Enter in second container, and cast gate is introduced into third container.Thus the further processing of material is significantly simplified.

In addition, in a separate step and in different times in the stage workpieces processing advantageously, in workpiece At least two in following processing type are carried out in single fixture and/or in the single equipment for workpieces processing:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece is carried out to decore/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece.

For example, decoring/desanding of workpiece and the removal for the casting core segment being adhered on workpiece can be in a folders of workpiece (that is being changed without clamping device or in unique clamping device) and in the identical equipment for workpieces processing in tool It carries out.In this way, processing quickly carries out.But it is also contemplated that, different processing types is in work in principle In one fixture of part, but implement in the different equipment for workpieces processing.It is also contemplated that different processing Type carries out in the identical equipment for workpieces processing, but to clamp workpiece (i.e. replacement clamping device) again at this time. At this point, the processing of workpiece can break up particularly evident progress in some cases.

For workpieces processing is also advantageous in a fixture of workpiece and/or in the equipment for workpieces processing It is that processing type given by three or the processing type given by all four are in a fixture of workpiece and/or one It is carried out in a equipment for workpieces processing.

But also advantageously, in the single fixture of workpiece and/or coincide with one another at least 80% time phase It is middle to carry out at least two of following processing type,

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece is carried out to decore/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece.

By approximately simultaneously implementing to implement processing type, the processing of workpiece is particularly rapidly carried out.If three are given What processing type out or the processing type given by all four overlapped in a fixture of workpiece and in time It is carried out in stage, situation is especially such.The different time stage for different processing types is substantially while carrying out, but 80% is at least overlapped on time.In other words, in the next stage or before processing type starts, a stage or processing type Complete minimum 20%.It means that at least 20% molding sand is removed from workpiece for example before being removed cast gate, or Time-out needed for person fully removes molding sand goes 20%, etc..Due to required while property, also particularly advantageously, At least two processing types, processing type or the processing type given by all four given by three are in identical use It is carried out in the equipment of work pieces process.

For the sake of completeness it is noted that following processing type:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece is carried out to decore/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece

Not only can in the processing carried out using hydraulic hammer any combination, but also these processing types can also and workpiece Vibration and/or rotation implement in any combination.Equally, in this case, these processing types especially can also be in difference Coincide with one another most 20% time phase in carry out, or can also in the single fixture of workpiece and coincide with one another to It is carried out in few 80% time phase.

Detailed description of the invention

It for a better understanding of the present invention, will the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings.

Wherein all indicated respectively with highly simplified schematic diagram:

Fig. 1 shows the front view of equipment according to the present invention；

Fig. 2 shows the rearviews of the equipment in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of the equipment in Fig. 1；

Fig. 4 shows illustrative equipment, wherein each hydraulic hammer is movably supported and can be swung up together；

Fig. 5 is shown similar to the equipment in Fig. 4, but there are four hydraulic hammers for tool；

Fig. 6 shows the equipment with big vertical adjusting stroke and the protective cover with suction outlet；

The equipment that Fig. 7 shows the clamping device with multiple settings on tape；

Fig. 8 shows the equipment with the multiple clamping devices being arranged on rotary table and multiple processing stations；

Fig. 9 shows the equipment with clamping device, implement clamping device coupled with shaking device or shaking device one Part；

Figure 10 is shown similar to the equipment in Fig. 9, but has the hydraulic hammer of horizontal orientation；

Figure 11 illustrates the equipment with clamping device to face, and implements clamping device and supports around horizontal rotation axis；

Figure 12 overlooks the equipment illustrated in Figure 11；

Figure 13 illustrates the equipment in Figure 11 and 12 with side view；

Figure 14 shows schematic diagram, and workpiece is navigated to different add according to the schematic diagram, and for each processing type Station is set and different containers top；

Figure 15 is schematic diagram, and different containers is located in workpiece according to the schematic diagram, and for each processing type Lower section；

Figure 16 shows schematic diagram, wherein guiding device is adjusted to different containers for each processing type；

Figure 17 shows the first variant schemes of hydraulic hammer being configured to for generating clamping force；And

Figure 18 shows the second variant schemes of hydraulic hammer being configured to for generating clamping force.

Specific embodiment

It should determine first, in the form of implementation differently illustrated, identical component has same reference numerals or identical Component name (has different footmarks) when necessary, can reasonably be converted to tool comprising disclosure throughout the specification There are the same parts of same reference numerals or identical components title.The position description selected in the description, such as example upper and lower, Side etc. is related to attached drawing currently illustrating and showing and these position descriptions can be reasonably converted to newly in change in location Position.

There is hydraulic hammer 2 according to Fig. 1 to 3, the equipment 1a for destroying casting core or for decoring to casting workpiece.Hydraulic hammer 2 have chisel 3 in its lower end.

Hydraulic hammer 2 utilizes pressure piping not shown here on its side away from chisel 3 in a way known per se It is connect with return line with having same hydraulic system known per se, to be transferred energy on chisel 3 by means of hydraulic oil.

The part on workpiece is adhered to about the casting core or removal casting core for destroying workpiece, it has therefore proved that particularly advantageously, liquid Hammer 2 is with the beating frequency per minute between 750 to 2700 impacts and/or with 100 to the operating pressure between 150bar And/or 12 to the hydraulic oil stream operation between 35l/min.Within such ranges, the processing effect of workpiece is risen particularly well Effect.

In from Fig. 1 to 3 can with it is further seen that, equipment 1a can have bearing support 4, and hydraulic hammer 2 is arranged On the bearing support.Here, hydraulic hammer 2 can be fixed in the holding meanss 6 on the pedestal 5 that bearing support 4 is arranged in. Holding meanss 6 for example may include back plate, cover board and side wall as shown.

In addition, holding meanss 6 can movably be supported along the guide rail 7 connecting with pedestal 5.As shown, guide rail 7 is vertical It can extend to extending perpendicular to the placement plane of bearing support 3.In order to make 2 edge of holding meanss 6 or hydraulic hammer connected to it Guide rail 7 moves, and holding meanss 6 can be connect with the actuator 8 being arranged on pedestal 5.

As can be seen that in from Fig. 1 to 3, actuator 8 can be configured to piston-cylinder unit, especially be structured to Hydraulic cylinder.The piston 9 of piston-cylinder unit can be fixed in holding meanss 6, and cylinder 10 can be fixed on pedestal 5.But it can also To imagine opposite situation, that is, the piston 9 of piston-cylinder unit is fixed on pedestal 5, and cylinder 10 is fixed in holding meanss 6.

Finally, the workpiece 11 of symbolic expression is also shown in Fig. 1 to 3, the workpiece is placed on the board 12 of equipment 1a On.The optional backing plate 13 of plastic plate form is placed between workpiece 11 and board 12.Thus plastic plate 13 is avoided for buffering Hit energy is imported into board 12 or is therefore also introduced into equipment 1a.

Equipment 1a can be used for destroying the casting core of workpiece 11.Alternatively or additionally, hydraulic hammer 2 can be used for removal casting core It is adhered to the part on workpiece 11.This refers in particular to removal " mold wash " and/or " molding sand infiltration ".That is casting the broken of core The removal of the casting core components of bad (this includes complete desanding/decoring to workpiece 11 when necessary) and adherency workpiece 11 can pass through Equipment 1a is simultaneously completed in the primary clamping of workpiece 11.It is possible thereby to significantly reduce the time for manufacturing cast article.

Cast the destruction of core, decoring/desanding complete when necessary of workpiece 11, workpiece 11 mold wash removal or workpiece The removal penetrated into of molding sand can separate and carried out in the procedure of processing that executes in succession, or as described above, concurrently or together When carried out in a procedure of processing.For example, decoring/desanding of workpiece 11 can carry out in the first step, and casting mold The removal of coating can carry out in the second separated procedure of processing.Destroying casting core also may include destroying (to have cavity ) mold.Decoring/desanding of workpiece 11 equally also may include removal (having cavity) mold.In addition, the casting mold removed Coating or molding sand penetrate into may also be from (having cavity) mold.

Equipment 1a can have multiple hydraulic hammers 2 and multiple bearing supports 4, so as to from multiple directions and necessity Phase poorly strikes the workpiece 11 to be processed.

Workpiece 11 is preferably clamped in the equipment 1a with each hydraulic hammer 2 at least power of 2kN.By high-clamping force and Thus compression of the bring to workpiece 11, the vibration characteristics of the vibration characteristics of workpiece 11 and the system including workpiece 11 and equipment 1a Significant variation occurs, to produce positive influence to destruction casting core or desanding/decoring process.Usually by hydraulic hammer 2, outstanding It also realizes the wide-band excitation to workpiece 11 by the wave reflection in the rack 12 of equipment 1a.

In the example shown in Fig. 1 to 3, workpiece 11 is clamped in equipment 1a by means of hydraulic cylinder 8.Clamping force is advantageously Only it is transmitted on workpiece 11 by the hydraulic hammer 2 for the casting core segment for also implementing to cast the destruction of core or remove adherency from workpiece 11. That is in this case, equipment 1a has hydraulic hammer 2 as being only used for pressing to workpiece 11 into the contact element of board 12 Part, the hydraulic hammer also set the casting core segment for destroying casting core or removal adherency.Clamping force is preferably in whole process In be transmitted on workpiece 11 by hydraulic hammer 2.

But this is not unique conceivable possibility.On the contrary it is also contemplated that equipment 1a, which has, individually clamps dress It sets.It is also envisaged that saving hydraulic cylinder 8 and clamping movement itself is carried out also by hydraulic hammer 2, the hydraulic hammer also implements to cast The destruction of core or the casting core segment that adherency is eliminated from workpiece 11 (Figure 17 and 18 are seen also with regard to this).

In general advantageously, not carried out on the molding sand of Xiang Zhuxin by the impact that hydraulic hammer 2 executes, but to (logical It is often metal) it carries out on workpiece 11.The impact is therefore especially fierce or high-energy.In this case, chisel 3 has Do not have tip sharply, but it is flat.

In one illustrative example, now it should be noted that by means of hydraulic hammer 2 destroy casting core or decoring/desanding with Using traditional beche compared to clearly more efficiently.Example will be used as by decoring/desanding process of four beches, these Beche carries out workpiece 11 in 10 seconds to decore/desanding when cycle time is 50 seconds.For this process, needing will about 4.8m³The air of/min is compressed to the pressure of 6bar.In this case, electrical power needed for compressor is about 29.0kW.

Two hydraulic hammers 2 are only needed for identical decoring/desanding performance, they are when cycle time is 50 seconds at 5 seconds It is interior that workpiece 11 is carried out to decore/desanding.For this process, the hydraulic oil of the about 20l/min under the pressure of 150bar is needed Volume flow.In this case, electrical power needed for hydraulic device is about 5.1kW.It means that passing through hydraulic system Average electrical power needed for decoring/desanding unexpectedly only needs to realize identical decoring/desanding performance using pneumatic system About 18%.

Fig. 4 is presently shown the example devices 1b with multiple hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b.Hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b are movably supported On multiple guide frame (especially guide rail) 7x, 7y, 7z relatively being connect with bearing support 4.Specifically, the first guiding knot Longitudinal extending level of structure 7x or the placement plane earth for being parallel to bearing support 4 extend, longitudinal extending level of the second guide rail 7y Or be parallel to the placement plane of bearing support 4 and extended vertically with the first guide rail 7x, and the longitudinal direction of third guide frame 7z The placement plane for extending perpendicular to bearing support 4 extends.Therefore, hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b is adjustable on all direction in spaces 's.This adjusting manually carries out in this example, but can also be carried out by actuator 8.

Setting is used for the clamping device 14 of 11 (not shown) of workpiece in the zone of action of hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b, thus removing Fixed workpiece 11 during core.

In this illustration, hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b can be moved between operating position and resting position, in the working position In setting, the workpiece 11 clamped in clamping device 14 is located in the zone of action of hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b, in the resting position, The workpiece 11 clamped in clamping device 14 is located at except the zone of action of hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b.Specifically, hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b It can be swung in resting position or operating position by means of crank driver 15.The work of hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b is shown in FIG. 4 Position.

Fig. 5 shows another for destroying the equipment 1c for the casting core segment that casting core/removal is adhered on workpiece 11, this sets It is standby closely similar with the equipment 1b shown in Fig. 4 in structure and working method.But it is different from equipment 1b, equipment 1c has Four hydraulic hammer 2a..2d.

Fig. 6 shows another for destroying the equipment 1d for the casting core segment that casting core/removal is adhered on workpiece 11, this sets It is standby to be different from equipment 1b, 1c shown in Figure 4 and 5.On the one hand, vertical adjusting is used as the circle of straight-line guidance structure 7z by two Column carries out, and on the other hand, equipment 1d has the protective cover 16 with suction pipeline 17.

Fig. 7 shows equipment 1e, wherein multiple clamping devices 14 are arranged on band 18.It is also contemplated that alternative belt 18 And chain is set.Clamping device 14 can be made to move in the zone of action of hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b by means of band 18.With this side Formula, can particularly effectively workpieces processing 11.

It is also envisaged that setting has multiple processing stations of different hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b in the distribution of band 18.In this feelings Under condition, clamping device 14 can be made to move to first position together with workpiece 11, here by least one first hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b processes workpiece.Then, clamping device 14 is made to move to the second position together with workpiece 11, here by least one Second hydraulic hammer processes workpiece.

Fig. 8, which shows multiple such processing station 19a ... 19c and alternative belt 18, has the equipment 1f of rotary table 20.It is specific and Speech, processing station 19a includes hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b, and processing station 19b includes three other hydraulic hammers, and processing station 19c includes two Other hydraulic hammer.By means of rotary table 20, clamping device 14 can move (rotation) to processing station 19a..19c or its is hydraulic In the zone of action for hammering 2a, 2b into shape.Therefore, clamping device 14 can be moved in the first processing station 19a or first hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b The zone of action in first position P1, herein using first hydraulic hammer 2a, 2b to the workpiece clamped in clamping device 14 11 (not shown) are processed.In another work step, move to clamping device 14 hydraulic in the second processing station 19b or second At second position P2 in the zone of action of hammer, herein using the second hydraulic hammer to the workpiece 11 clamped in clamping device 14 It is processed.In another other work step, move to clamping device 14 in third processing station 19b or third hydraulic hammer The third place P3 in the zone of action herein adds the workpiece 11 clamped in clamping device 14 using third hydraulic hammer Work.Finally, clamping device 14 is made to rotate to the 4th position P4, in the 4th position, completed workpiece 11 can be taken out and can be with Clamp the new workpiece to be processed.For complete period it is noted that can have not only one work in equipment 1f certainly Part 11, and all clamping devices 14 can be occupied by workpiece 11.Therefore, it can be supplied in continuous approximation to equipment 1f at this time Material.

Multiple processing stations also can be set in a very similar way in the distribution of the band 18 of equipment 1e shown in fig. 7 19a…19c。

In general, hydraulic hammer 2a ... 2d shown in the figure can be synchronized or asynchronously be run.In the first situation Under, it is especially equipped with controller, the controller is arranged for synchronously manipulating multiple hydraulic hammer 2a ... 2d.

Furthermore it is contemplated that band 18 or rotary table 20 discontinuously move and in the position P1 ... P4 of workpieces processing 11 Place stops.But it is also contemplated that the band 18 or rotary table 20 continuously move, and processing station 19a ... 19c is in processing work It is similarly moved together with the clamping device 14 on the band 18 or rotary table 20 during part 11.After the process, processing station 19a..19c carries out recoil movement, and restarts the circulation.

For this purpose, one of guide frame 7x, 7y, 7z can be oriented along the direction of motion of band 18, add so as to realize The movement of station 19a ... 19c.In the case where equipment 1f, processing station 19a ... 19c can be around vertical axis z rotatably Support (such as being arranged in can be on support that vertical axis z is rotatably supported), so as to realize processing station 19a ... 19c and The same movement of clamping device 14.It is of course also possible to which processing station 19a ... 19c is supported on two (longer) horizontal guide rails 7x.Circuit orbit is realized in 7y upper and by means of superposition movement.

Fig. 9 shows another equipment 1g, the equipment structurally and functionally with the equipment 1b and 1c that show in figures 4 and 5 It is similar.But it is different from, clamping device 14 in this example couples with shaking device or is arranged on shaking device. The vibration motor 21 of shaking device is specifically labelled in Fig. 9.During vibration, hydraulic hammer 2a ... 2d can be by means of crank Driver 15 is swung away from clamping device 14, collides to avoid with workpiece 11.

Figure 10 shows equipment 1h, and the equipment is structurally and functionally similar with the equipment 1g shown in Fig. 9.Here, Clamping device 14 also couples with shaking device or is arranged on shaking device (referring to vibration motor 21).But hydraulic hammer 2a ... 2d exists It is a horizontally oriented in the example.

Figure 11 to 13 shows another alternative structure type of equipment 1i.Specifically, Figure 11 front view, Tu12Yong Top view and Figure 13 illustrate equipment 1i with side view.Different from the structure type shown before this, equipment 1i has can be around level The clamping device 14 that rotation axis D is rotatably supported,.In this way it is possible to rotate workpiece 24, therefore the molding sand loosened can To fall downwards.

Optionally, hydraulic hammer 2a...2c also can rotatably be supported around this horizontal rotation axis D, such as in equipment 1i The case where it is such.In this way, decoring process can also be continued during the rotation of workpiece 24.Additionally it is also envisaged that Shaking device couples with clamping device 14 or is arranged on clamping device.The shaking device can also can be around the rotation of the level Axis D is rotatably supported, so that during rotary course workpiece 24 can also shake.

Therefore, workpiece 11,24 is rotated in individual fixture, is vibrated and added using at least one hydraulic hammer 2,2a ... 2d Work.Herein it is particularly advantageous that workpiece 11,24 is simultaneously rotated, vibrated and added using at least one hydraulic hammer 2,2a ... 2d Work.In this way it is possible to be accomplished very quickly the processing of workpiece 11,24.

It is fed in equipment 1i by delivery track 23, workpiece 24 can be introduced and be protected by the delivery track In cover 16, workpiece 24 is processed in the protective cover.

In another particularly advantageous form of implementation, carried out in the different time phases for coinciding with one another most 20% At least two in following processing type:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece 11,24 is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece 11,24, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece 11,24.

By executing these processing types in substantially independent step, the processing of workpiece 11,24 can be broken up especially It is obvious to carry out, such as its mode is to change impact type or its position.Such as it can be improved relative to casting core is ruptured for going Except casting core is adhered to the hit energy of the part on workpiece 11,24.The removal of cast gate can be for example done by, that is, hydraulic Hammer 2,2a..2d implement it targetedly to strike or cast gate are placed in vibration, etc..

For each processing type, workpiece 11,24 can be made to move to different Working position P1 ... P4.For example, can be with Workpiece 11,24 is carried out decoring/desanding at first Working position P1 of equipment 11 as shown in fig. 8, in the second Working position The casting core segment of removal adherency at P2, and cast gate is separated at third Working position P3.In this case, in processing station The impact that different type and mode can be carried out at 19a...19c, as illustrated in the last period.

When moving processing station 19a ... 19c towards Working position P1 ... P3, workpiece 11,24 can also be rested on equally At Working position P1 ... P3.

Certainly, this principle proposed is not limited to rotary motion, but can also be based on translational motion.Itd is proposed this A principle is especially applicable in equipment 1e shown in Fig. 7.

Although being advantageous for sequence given by the processing type, this sequence can also be changed.For example, can To be removed the cast gate of workpiece 11,24 before the casting core segment that removal is adhered on workpiece 11,24.

The different time stage for different processing types is substantially separated from each other, but can also be overlapped in time Most 20%.In other words, in the next stage or before processing type starts, a stage or processing type at least complete 80%.It means that at least 80% molding sand is removed from workpiece 11,24 for example before being removed cast gate, or completely Time-out needed for ground removal molding sand goes 80%, etc..

It is also advantageous that above-mentioned processing is carried out to workpiece 11,24 in the stage in a separate step and in different times It is that processing type given by three or the processing type given by all four are in a separate step and at most coincidence each other It is carried out in 20% different time phases.

Due to each processing type separating in time, it can realize particularly well and separate removed different materials, Mode is, for example, to introduce these materials in different containers.For example, the molding sand from casting core can be introduced into the first appearance In device, and mold wash or molding sand infiltration are introduced into second container, and cast gate is introduced into third container.Thus obvious to simplify The further processings of these materials.

At this time advantageously for each processing type, workpiece 11,24 is made to move to different Working position P1...P3 And it moves to above different container 25a...25c, as being schematically shown in Figure 14 and as being marked with arrow.Such as Fruit workpiece 11,24 moves to the first Working position P1, then is processed herein by the first hydraulic hammer 2a to workpiece, and from work The material removed on part 11,24 is fallen into the first container 25a.If workpiece 11,24 moves to the second Working position P2, at this In workpiece is processed by the second hydraulic hammer 2b, and the material removed from workpiece 11,24 is fallen into second container 25b. If workpiece 11,24 finally moves to third Working position P1, herein by being processed by third hydraulic hammer 2c to workpiece, And it is fallen into third container 25c from the material removed on workpiece 11,24.Single hydraulic hammer 2a ... 2c is shown in FIG. 14, when So, the principle proposed can be used for multiple processing station 19a...19c.Also more or less than three Working positions can be set P1...P3 more or less than three hydraulic hammer 2a...2c and is more or less than three container 25a...25c.

Such as the specific equipment 1f being shown in FIG. 8 for realizing this embodiment.Here in Working position P1 ... P3 Individual container 25a..25c is respectively set in place.As described, workpiece 11,24 can be carried out in the first Working position P1 Decoring/desanding removes the adhesion section of casting core in the second Working position P2, and separates in third Working position P3 with cast gate. It later falls into different container 25a ... 25c and can further add well from the different materials removed on workpiece 11,24 Work.

Method shown in Figure 14 is not limited to rotary motion, but can also be based on translational motion.Especially proposed Therefore this principle can be used in equipment 1e shown in fig. 7.

It is equivalent to the processing mode being shown in FIG. 14, it is contemplated that workpiece 11,24 stays in Working position At PI...P3, and 11,24 lower section of workpiece is located in by different container 25a...25c for each processing type, such as schemed It is schematically shown in 15 and by as arrow logo.In this way, it also may be implemented to remove from workpiece 11,24 The separation of material, and the principle can also be diverted to the equipment 1f shown in Fig. 8 f.

Finally, equally it is contemplated that for each processing type adjusting guide device 26 (such as sliding slot), and will It is introduced into from the material removed on workpiece 11,24 in different container 25a ... 25c, as schematically shown in Figure 16.In In Figure 16, guiding device 26 is specifically adjusted on third container 25c, but it is of course possible to it is adjusted to container 25a, 25b On.

Certainly, method shown in Figure 14 can be used not only for equipment 1e shown in fig. 7 and equipment 1f shown in fig. 8, And it can be used for the embodiment shown in Figure 15 and 16.

Furthermore it is advantageous that in unique primary clamping of workpiece 11,24 and/or in the list for workpieces processing 11,24 At least two in following processing type are carried out in one equipment 1a...1i:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece 11,24 is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece 11,24, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece 11,24.

Correspondingly, workpiece 11,24 stays in the same clamping device 14 at least two processing types, and/or same Workpiece 11,24 is processed at least two processing types in one equipment 1a...1i.In this way, it processes especially fast It carries out fastly.For the equipment 1e being shown in FIG. 7 and the equipment 1f being shown in FIG. 8, it means that workpiece 11,24 is clamping Clamping is kept in device 14 and is only to move to other Working position P1...P4.Processing station 19a ... can also alternatively be made 19c moves to Working position P1..P3.

But in principle it is also envisaged that workpiece 11,24 it is primary clamp in but different for workpieces processing 11, implement different processing types in 24 equipment 1a...1i.For example, can be by transmitting band connection multiple equipment 1a...1i.It is flowing here in the boundary of equipment 1e shown in fig. 7.

It is also envisaged that implement different processing types in the same equipment 1a...1i, but conversion clamps work at this time Part 11,24 (i.e. replacement clamping device 14).For example, equipment 1f as shown in fig. 8 it can be designed so that rotary table 20 be can not Rotation.In this case, workpiece 11,24 is clamped to the different clamping devices 14 of equipment 1f for different processing types In.Here the boundary of distinct device 1a...1i is also flowing.

For being used for the equipment 1a...1i of workpieces processing 11,24 in the primary clamping of workpiece 11,24 and/or at one Middle workpieces processing 11,24 is also advantageously, processing type given by three or the processing type given by all four are in work It is carried out in the primary clamping of part 11,24 and/or in an equipment 1a...1i for workpieces processing 11,24.

Furthermore it is advantageous that being overlapped in unique primary clamping of workpiece 11,24 and at least 80% time rank each other At least two in following processing type are carried out in section:

Make to cast core rupture,

Workpiece 11,24 is carried out decoring/desanding,

Removal casting core is adhered to the part on workpiece 11,24, and

Cast gate is removed from workpiece 11,24.

By approximately simultaneously implementing each processing type, the processing of workpiece 11,24 is particularly rapidly carried out.If three institutes When the processing type provided or processing type given by all four are in the primary clamping of workpiece 11,24 and/or each other Between carried out in the upper stage being overlapped, then especially in this way.

For example, the processing can carry out in equipment 1b shown in Fig. 4.It does not need that multiple processing station 19a ... are arranged 19c.On the contrary, advantageously to bring the ways and means of described or be hopeful effect to be struck.At this point, hydraulic hammer 2,2a ... The manipulation of 2d is extremely simple.

The different time stage for different processing types is substantially while carrying out, but is at least overlapped in time 80%.In other words, in the next stage or before processing type starts, a stage or processing type complete at least 20%.It means that for example before being removed cast gate, at least 20% molding sand has been removed from workpiece 11,24 or complete Time-out needed for removing molding sand entirely goes 20%, etc..Due to required while property, also particularly advantageously, at least Two processing types, processing type given by three or the processing type given by all four are used for work identical It is carried out in the equipment 1a...1i of part processing.

Figure 17 is presently shown a kind of special structure type of hydraulic hammer 2e.The hydraulic hammer 2e includes inner casing 27, impact Part 28 can be supported in the inner casing with moving.The supporting member 29 of stationary forward, first sleeve 30 are supported on institute on inner casing 27 It states in supporting member.Second sleeve 31 is located in inner casing 27.The chisel 3 of flat composition is movably supported on two sleeves 30 and 31 In.In addition, hydraulic hammer 2e includes outer shell 32, inner casing 27 is movably supported in outer shell.The fixation pressure pipe 33 on inner casing 27, The pressure pipe passes through outer shell 32 by the guidance of 3rd sleeve 34.Finally, compression fittings 35 are arranged in outer shell 32.

Illustrate the function of hydraulic hammer 2e as described below now:

If hydraulic oil is introduced into outer shell 32 by compression fittings 35, inner casing 27 be forced out from outer shell 32 and It is moved right in Figure 17.If hydraulic oil be discharged from outer shell 32 via compression fittings 35, inner casing 27 is moved into outer shell 32 And it is moved to the left in Figure 17.In shown example, if outer shell 32 is drained, inner casing 27 is moved into outer shell 32. Can certainly be it is contemplated that inner casing 27 be moved by spring force into outer shell 32, and therefore hydraulic oil voluntarily flows out.

If hydraulic oil is imported inner casing 27 by pressure pipe 33, hit piece 28 adds to the right towards chisel 3 and in Figure 17 Speed and finally strike on chisel 3.If hydraulic oil is discharged from inner casing 27, hit piece 28 move away chisel 3 and It is moved to the left in Figure 17.There can be air in intermediate space between hit piece 28 and chisel 3, these air can be pressed Contracting is guided outward by (unshowned) hole.If these air are compressed in the intermediate space, by playing air Spring effect compressed air and make hit piece 28 reset.But it is also contemplated that realized by mechanical spring or At least assist the reset of hit piece 28.Furthermore it is contemplated that existing in intermediate space between hit piece 28 and chisel 3 Hydraulic oil.These hydraulic oil can be led back in oil vessel by (unshowned) hole.In addition, in this case, Hit piece 28 can be made to reset by loading the intermediate space between hit piece 28 and chisel 3 with pressure oil.

Chisel 3 is pressed into workpiece 11,24 advantageous by 32 on-load pressure of outer shell.By giving the load pressure of inner casing 27 Power, can give clamping force superposition impact effect, and the impact effect is imported into workpiece 11,24 and triggers herein Effect through describing.In other words, in order to generate the clamping force being applied on workpiece 11,24, it is only necessary to the hydraulic hammer 2e.Just It is to say, hydraulic hammer 2e is not only used as unique contact element for workpiece 11,24 to be pressed to board 12, and the hydraulic hammer Also clamping force is generated.In this manner it is possible to save special for generating the hydraulic cylinder 8 of clamping force.

The alternative of hydraulic hammer 2f is shown in FIG. 18, this alternative and the hydraulic hammer 2f shown in Figure 17 are non- It is often similar.It is different from, eliminates pressure pipe 33, and be provided with the first controllable valve 36 on the back side of inner casing 27, Using first valve, inner casing 27 can be connect or separated with outer shell 32.In this way, it is loaded with hitting for pressure oil Piece 28 accelerates towards chisel 3 and strikes on chisel.Be additional to the first valve 36, be located at the subsequent space of hit piece 28 also with reflux Pipeline 37 connects, and the second controllable valve 38 is provided in the distribution of return line.In order to realize the resetting movement of hit piece 28, Hydraulic oil can be exported from the subsequent space of hit piece 28 via return line 37.Therefore, alternately driven valve 36 and 38.

Inner it should be pointed out that structure type shown in the figure is not limited to using hydraulic hammer 2a...2f.On the contrary, institute Beche or electric hammer also can be used in principle in Fig. 1 a...1i shown.

In order to meet regulation, finally it is noted that structure, element there may come a time when to be partly not symbol in order to better understand Composition and division in a proportion example and/or show with enlarging and/or reducing.

Reference signs list

(1a...1i decoring) equipment

2,2a...2f hydraulic hammer

3 chisels

4 bearing supports

5 pedestals

6 holding meanss

7,7x...7z guide frame/guide rail

8 actuators

9 pistons

10 cylinders

11 workpiece

12 boards

13 (plastics) backing plates

14 clamping devices

15 crank drivers/swinging driver

16 protective covers

17 suction outlets

18 band/chains

19a ... 19c processing station

20 rotary tables

21 vibration motors

22 rotation motors

23 delivery tracks

24 workpiece

25a ... 25c container

26 guiding devices (sliding slot)

27 inner casings

28 hit pieces

The supporting member of 29 fronts

30 first sleeves

31 second sleeves

32 outer shells

33 pressure pipes

34 3rd sleeves

35 pressure connectors

36 first valves

37 return lines

38 second valves

P1 ... P4 Working position

Z vertical axis