阅读说明：本技术 一种复合麻醉剂及其制备方法 (compound anesthetic and preparation method thereof ) 是由 肖颖 赵瑞敏 于 2019-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于麻醉剂领域,具体涉及一种复合麻醉剂及其制备方法。原料包括：丙泊酚、甲基丁香酚、柠檬酸、薄荷冰、九层风、赤芍、乙醇、卵磷脂、水,经有效成分的提取、混合后制备而成,该复合麻醉剂具有较好的麻醉、镇痛效果,副作用小,制备方法简单易行。(the invention belongs to the field of anesthetics, and particularly relates to a compound anesthetic and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials comprise: the compound anesthetic has the advantages of good anesthetic and analgesic effects, small side effects and simple and easy preparation method.)

1. A compound anesthetic comprises the following raw materials: propofol, methyl eugenol, citric acid, menthol, murraya jasminorage, red paeony root, ethanol, lecithin and water.

2. The compound anesthetic of claim 1, wherein the components of the compound anesthetic comprise: propofol, methyl eugenol, citric acid, menthol, mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, ethanol, lecithin, and water.

3. The compound anesthetic of claim 2, wherein the compound anesthetic comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-50% of propofol, 1-5% of methyl eugenol, 1-3% of citric acid, 1-3% of mentholum, 0.3-3.5% of mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Lathyridis and radix Paeoniae Rubra, 3-10% of ethanol, 0.1-1% of lecithin and the balance of water.

4. The compound anesthetic of claim 2, wherein the compound anesthetic comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of propofol, 2-3% of methyl eugenol, 1-2% of citric acid, 1.5-2% of mentholum, 1.0-2.0% of mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Lathyridis and radix Paeoniae Rubra, 4-5% of ethanol, 0.2-0.5% of lecithin and the balance of water.

5. A process for the preparation of a compound anesthetic as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4, comprising the steps of:

(1) pulverizing cortex et radix Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, soaking in ethanol, reflux extracting to obtain ethanol extract 1 and residue, and concentrating to obtain ethanol extract 2;

(2) Adding the pulp residue into water, adding citric acid, heating for extraction, and filtering to obtain an aqueous extract A;

(3) Adjusting pH of the water extract A to acidity with acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring, filtering, and concentrating to obtain water extract B;

(4) mixing the alcohol extract 2 and the water extract B to obtain a mixed extract of the common jasminorange herb and the red paeony root;

(5) Mixing water and ethanol, sequentially adding citric acid, lecithin, mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, propofol, methyl eugenol and Mentholum, and stirring.

6. The method for preparing a compound anesthetic as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the soaking time is 30-60 min; the reflux extraction time is 1-2 h.

7. The method for preparing a compound anesthetic as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the murraya paniculata and the red peony root is 1-3: 1.

8. The method for preparing a composite anesthetic agent according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the temperature for heating is 60-90 ℃; the addition amount of the citric acid is 0.5-1.5% of the residue.

9. The method for preparing a combination anesthetic according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the pH value is 2 to 5; the added mass of the chitosan is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the aqueous extract A.

10. The method for preparing a compound anesthetic as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step (5) further comprises performing ultrasonic treatment after the stirring; the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20-30min at the power of 200-600W and 50-80 kHz.

Technical Field

the invention belongs to the field of anesthetics, and particularly relates to a compound anesthetic and a preparation method thereof.

Background

anesthetic means that nerve conduction at the site of action is reversibly blocked by a pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical method, and a local area temporarily loses sensation. The nerve impulse conduction is weakened due to the reduction of the permeability of the nerve cell membrane to sodium ions, the change of the membrane permeability reduces the depolarization level of the membrane and improves the excitability threshold, and finally the nerve cell action potential is blocked to achieve the aim of anesthesia, so that the nerve impulse conduction is mainly used as a medicament for operation or treatment of certain diseases.

The existing anesthetic has more obvious side effects, such as local adverse reaction caused by use, increase of central nervous system symptoms, cardiovascular influence caused by a series of symptoms such as methemoglobinemia and systemic toxicity reaction, and the side effects caused by the anesthetic are mainly caused by more components contained in the anesthetic and side effects caused by improper use, and the adverse reaction of organisms caused by overlarge anesthetic dose, overlong use time and overlarge blood absorption.

the existing anesthetics are different in research and are more commonly used to be beneficial to a multi-caffeine anesthetic and a propofol anesthetic, wherein propofol is an anesthetic which is commonly used clinically at present, and propofol is an intravenous anesthetic for inducing and maintaining anesthesia and sedation, and is used for inducing and maintaining general anesthesia. Is often used simultaneously with epidural or spinal anesthesia, is also often used with analgesics, muscle relaxants and inhalant anesthetics, is suitable for outpatient use, and propofol has the property of rapidly inducing anesthesia and rapidly recovering from anesthesia. Although propofol has a relatively good anesthetic effect, local pain, blood pressure reduction and transient respiratory arrest phenomena occur during injection in the process of using propofol for anesthesia, myoclonus of patients sometimes occurs, the occurrence rate is about 1%, and nausea, vomiting and headache phenomena occur during the anesthetic resuscitation of the patients.

chinese patent application CN102973722A discloses a compound anesthetic, which mainly comprises propofol, and also comprises flos Daturae extract, Mentholum, flos Matricariae Chamomillae extract, Notoginseng radix powder and radix astragali powder, wherein the specific weight content ratio is propofol 85-90%; 4% -8% of flos daturae extract; 0.5 to 1 percent of mint ice; 0.5 to 2.5 percent of chamomile extract; 1 to 3 percent of pseudo-ginseng powder; 1 to 3 percent of astragalus powder. Although local side effects of local pain caused by injection of propofol are improved to a certain extent, the side effects cannot be removed well due to more components, and powder particles which cannot be dissolved completely are contained in the system and cannot be used for injection.

chinese patent application CN104623084A discloses an inhaled compound anesthetic comprising an agent a and an agent B, wherein: the A agent is an inducer and comprises nitrous oxide, sodium chloride, spice and a compound emulsifier, and the B agent is an anesthesia maintenance agent and comprises flos daturae, radix aconiti agrestis, sevoflurane, sodium chloride, spice and a compound emulsifier; the agent A contains nitrous oxide 1-5%, composite emulsifier 15-25% and perfume 0.1-0.3%; the B agent contains flos Lonicerae 0.5-0.9 g/100mL, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii 0.1-0.5 g/100mL sevoflurane 1.5-2.5%, composite emulsifier 10-20%, and perfume 0.1-0.3%. The preparation method has the advantages of various components, complex preparation and unobvious effect.

therefore, it is needed to solve the problems of poor effect, large side effect, complex preparation process, inconvenient application and the like in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a compound anesthetic and a preparation method thereof, the compound anesthetic has better anesthetic and analgesic effects, small side effects, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

A compound anesthetic comprises the following raw materials: propofol, methyl eugenol, citric acid, menthol, herba Euphorbiae Humifusae, radix Paeoniae Rubra, ethanol, lecithin, and water;

Preferably, the compound anesthetic comprises the following components: propofol, methyl eugenol, citric acid, menthol, mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, ethanol, lecithin, and water;

Preferably, the compound anesthetic comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-50% of propofol, 1-5% of methyl eugenol, 1-3% of citric acid, 1-3% of mentholum, 0.3-3.5% of mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, 3-10% of ethanol, 0.1-1% of lecithin, and the balance of water;

preferably, the compound anesthetic comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of propofol, 2-3% of methyl eugenol, 1-2% of citric acid, 1.5-2% of mentholum, 1.0-2.0% of mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, 4-5% of ethanol, 0.2-0.5% of lecithin and the balance of water;

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound anesthetic, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pulverizing cortex et radix Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, soaking in ethanol, reflux extracting to obtain ethanol extract 1 and residue, and concentrating to obtain ethanol extract 2;

(2) adding the pulp residue into water, adding citric acid, heating for extraction, and filtering to obtain an aqueous extract A;

(3) adjusting pH of the water extract A to acidity with acetic acid, adding chitosan, stirring, filtering, and concentrating to obtain water extract B;

(4) Mixing the alcohol extract 2 and the water extract B to obtain a mixed extract of the common jasminorange herb and the red paeony root;

(5) Mixing water and ethanol, sequentially adding citric acid, lecithin, mixed extract of herba Euphorbiae Humifusae and radix Paeoniae Rubra, propofol, methyl eugenol and Mentholum, and stirring.

Preferably, in the step (1), the volume of the ethanol is 3-6 times, preferably 5 times of the volume of the pulverized common jasminorange herb and red paeony root;

preferably, in the step (1), the soaking time is 30-60 min; the reflux extraction time is 1-2 h;

Preferably, in the step (1), the concentration is carried out by a factor of 1/6-1/3 times that of the original volume of the concentrated solution;

preferably, in the step (1), the weight ratio of the herba euphorbiae and the red peony root is 1-3: 1.

Preferably, in the step (2), the mass of the added water is 3-5 times of that of the residue;

preferably, in the step (2), the addition amount of the citric acid is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the residue;

Preferably, in the step (2), the heating temperature is 60-90 ℃;

preferably, in step (3), the pH value is 2-5, preferably the pH value is 3;

Preferably, in the step (3), the added mass of the chitosan is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the aqueous extract A;

preferably, in the step (3), the concentration is performed by a factor of 1/5-1/2 times the volume of the concentrated solution;

Preferably, in the step (5), the rotation speed of the stirring is 200-500 rpm;

preferably, step (5) further comprises ultrasonic treatment after stirring;

Preferably, the ultrasonic condition is that the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20-30min at the power of 200-600W and 50-80 kHz.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical advantages that:

(1) the usage amount of propofol in the existing anesthetic is reduced, the side effect is reduced, and the anesthetic effect is improved;

(2) the application adds the synergistic effect of methyl eugenol, mentholum and propofol, promotes the anesthetic effect of the compound anesthetic, and reduces the usage amount of propofol; relieving pain, inflammation and swelling, so that the compound anesthetic has the function of relieving pain;

(3) According to the invention, the herba Euphorbiae Lathyridis and the radix paeoniae rubra are mixed and extracted, the effective components of the herba Euphorbiae Lathyridis and the radix paeoniae rubra have mutual compatibilization effect, the effective components can be extracted more effectively, the prepared mixed extract is used in the compound anesthetic due to the synergistic effect of the effective components, so that the compound anesthetic has better effects of detumescence, cooling and analgesia;

(4) According to the invention, citric acid is added twice, on one hand, the citric acid is added in the water extraction process of the glabrous sarcandra herb and the red paeony root, so that the extraction of the active ingredients of the glabrous sarcandra herb and the red paeony root is facilitated, and on the other hand, the citric acid and the lecithin act together, so that the prepared compound anesthetic system has better dispersion stability.

(5) In the preparation process of the compound anesthetic, the glabrous sarcandra herb and the red paeony root are extracted twice, alcohol extraction is carried out firstly, then water extraction is carried out, the effective components can be extracted more effectively, the effect is better exerted, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Detailed Description