阅读说明：本技术 一种轻量化高硅铝合金压铸件及其制备方法 (Lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陶诚 米亚夫 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种轻量化高硅铝合金压铸件及其制备方法,配方包括：Si、Mn、Cu、Ti、Al、Mg、Zn和变质剂,各组分的重量份数分别是：18-22份的Si、0.1-0.2份的Mn、3-5份的Cu、0.05-0.1份的Ti、65-70份的Al、0.45-0.6份的Mg、0.05-0.1份的Zn和0.2-0.4份的变质剂,本发明利用硼钛熔剂、SR813磷复合细化剂和SR814磷复合细化剂来代替钠盐作为变质剂来进行变质,有利于延长变质处理的有效时间,同时避免了钠盐对生产设备的腐蚀,有利于延长设备的使用寿命,对淬火之后的铸件进行加热保温,有效的消除铸件的脆性,并且在加热保温的过程中利用氩气进行保护,避免了表面氧化的情况,利用易拉罐和废弃铝制品作为原料来生产铸件,降低了生产成本,实现废物利用,有利于环保。(The invention discloses a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting and a preparation method thereof, wherein the formula comprises the following steps: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of Si, 0.1-0.2 part of Mn, 3-5 parts of Cu, 0.05-0.1 part of Ti, 65-70 parts of Al, 0.45-0.6 part of Mg, 0.05-0.1 part of Zn and 0.2-0.4 part of alterant, the invention utilizes the boron-titanium flux, the SR 813-phosphorus composite refiner and the SR 814-phosphorus composite refiner to replace sodium salt as the alterant to carry out alteration, which is beneficial to prolonging the effective time of alteration treatment, simultaneously avoiding the corrosion of the sodium salt to production equipment and prolonging the service life of the equipment, the casting after quenching is heated and insulated, the brittleness of the casting is effectively eliminated, and the argon is used for protection in the heating and insulation process, so that the condition of surface oxidation is avoided, the casting is produced by using the pop can and the waste aluminum product as raw materials, so that the production cost is reduced, the waste utilization is realized, and the environment is protected.)

1. A lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following formula: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, and is characterized in that: the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 18-22 parts of Si, 0.1-0.2 part of Mn, 3-5 parts of Cu, 0.05-0.1 part of Ti, 65-70 parts of Al, 0.45-0.6 part of Mg, 0.05-0.1 part of Zn and 0.2-0.4 part of alterant.

2. The die cast of claim 1, wherein the die cast is made of a lightweight high silicon aluminum alloy, and wherein: the Al is discarded and recycled pop cans and aluminum products.

3. The die cast of claim 1, wherein the die cast is made of a lightweight high silicon aluminum alloy, and wherein: the Si is one or a mixture of industrial first-grade silicon and industrial dipolar silicon.

4. The die cast of claim 1, wherein the die cast is made of a lightweight high silicon aluminum alloy, and wherein: the alterant is one or a mixture of more of a boron-titanium flux, an SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and an SR814 phosphorus composite refiner.

5. A preparation method of a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; step two, smelting and mixing; step three, refining and removing impurities; step four, preheating the mould; step five, pouring and casting; step six, pressure maintaining and forming; step seven, quenching the casting; step eight, heat preservation treatment; step nine, surface treatment; the method is characterized in that:

in the first step, respectively weighing 18-22 parts of Si, 0.1-0.2 part of Mn, 3-5 parts of Cu, 0.05-0.1 part of Ti, 65-70 parts of Al, 0.45-0.6 part of Mg, 0.05-0.1 part of Zn and 0.2-0.4 part of alterant according to the parts by weight of the components;

in the second step, a smelting furnace is used, the Si weighed in the first step is added into the smelting furnace for smelting, and then Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg and Zn are sequentially added for smelting to prepare molten metal for later use;

adding a proper amount of slag removing agent into the molten metal in the step two in the step three, deslagging the molten metal, removing waste residues on the surface of the molten metal by using a slag removing machine, repeating the steps for 2-3 times until no large amount of waste residues are separated out on the surface, transferring the molten metal after deslagging into a transfer ladle, introducing argon and adding a refining agent for refining, adding the modifying agent weighed in the step one after refining for modifying, and injecting the modified metal into a heat preservation furnace in a die casting machine for later use after modifying;

in the fourth step, a die to be die-cast is mounted on a die-casting machine, and then the die is preheated by using an electric heating rod for standby after preheating is finished;

in the fifth step, the alloy melt after modification treatment in the third step is injected into the casting mold preheated in the fourth step, so that casting of the casting is completed;

in the sixth step, the liquid alloy injected in the fifth step is not completely shaped, the pressure of the mold is kept until the casting is cooled and shaped, and the casting is taken out for later use;

in the seventh step, the casting prepared in the sixth step is put into a heating furnace for heating, taken out after heating is finished, put into quenching liquid for quenching, and kept for later use after quenching is finished;

putting the casting quenched in the step seven into a heat preservation box, exhausting air in the heat preservation box, introducing argon for protection, heating and preserving heat for the casting, and taking out the casting after heat preservation is finished and cooling the casting to room temperature for later use;

and in the ninth step, deburring, trimming, polishing, decontaminating and cleaning are carried out on the casting cooled in the eighth step, so that the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting is manufactured.

6. The method for preparing the light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the smelting temperature is 680-700 ℃, and the smelting time is 10-20 min.

7. The method for preparing the light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the refining temperature is 750-765 ℃, and the refining time is 10-15 min.

8. The method for preparing the light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the temperature of the modification treatment is 825-835 ℃.

9. The method for preparing the light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the preheating temperature of the mold is 150-.

10. The method for preparing the light-weight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the eighth step, the heat preservation temperature of the heat preservation box is 650 plus 670 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-silicon aluminum alloy, in particular to a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The high-silicon aluminum alloy is an alloy material mainly used for aerospace, space technology and portable electronic devices, has wide application range, is particularly widely applied in the mechanical manufacturing industry, however, the content of silicon in the high-silicon aluminum alloy in China is mostly less than twelve percent, the high-silicon aluminum alloy has lower wear resistance, tensile resistance and fatigue strength, reduces the quality of a high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting, improves the content of silicon, can increase the strength of the alloy, can be separated along with primary silicon, generally adopts sodium salt as a modifier to inhibit the separation of the primary silicon, has short effect duration and strong corrosivity, can cause certain corrosion to processing equipment, greatly shortens the service life of the equipment, and is an essential step for quenching after the production of the high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting, however, quenching can increase the strength of the alloy, but at the same time greatly increases the brittleness of the alloy, and reduces the strength of the casting to a certain extent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following formula: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18-22 parts of Si, 0.1-0.2 part of Mn, 3-5 parts of Cu, 0.05-0.1 part of Ti, 65-70 parts of Al, 0.45-0.6 part of Mg, 0.05-0.1 part of Zn and 0.2-0.4 part of alterant.

Preferably, the Al is discarded and recycled pop cans and aluminum products.

Preferably, the Si is industrial first-grade silicon and industrial dipolar silicon.

Preferably, the alterant is one or a mixture of more of a boron-titanium flux, a SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and a SR814 phosphorus composite refiner.

A preparation method of a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; step two, smelting and mixing; step three, refining and removing impurities; step four, preheating the mould; step five, pouring and casting; step six, pressure maintaining and forming; step seven, quenching the casting; step eight, heat preservation treatment; step nine, surface treatment;

in the first step, respectively weighing 18-22 parts of Si, 0.1-0.2 part of Mn, 3-5 parts of Cu, 0.05-0.1 part of Ti, 65-70 parts of Al, 0.45-0.6 part of Mg, 0.05-0.1 part of Zn and 0.2-0.4 part of alterant according to the parts by weight of the components;

in the second step, a smelting furnace is used, the Si weighed in the first step is added into the smelting furnace for smelting, and then Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg and Zn are sequentially added for smelting to prepare molten metal for later use;

adding a proper amount of slag removing agent into the molten metal in the step two in the step three, deslagging the molten metal, removing waste residues on the surface of the molten metal by using a slag removing machine, repeating the steps for 2-3 times until no large amount of waste residues are separated out on the surface, transferring the molten metal after deslagging into a transfer ladle, introducing argon and adding a refining agent for refining, adding the modifying agent weighed in the step one after refining for modifying, and injecting the modified modifying agent into a heat preservation furnace in a die casting machine for later use;

in the fourth step, a die to be die-cast is mounted on a die-casting machine, and then the die is preheated by using an electric heating rod for standby after preheating is finished;

in the fifth step, the alloy melt subjected to the heat preservation and modification treatment in the third step is injected into the casting mold preheated in the fourth step, so that casting of the casting is completed;

in the sixth step, the liquid alloy injected in the fifth step is not completely shaped, the pressure of the mold is kept until the casting is cooled and shaped, and the casting is taken out for later use;

in the seventh step, the casting prepared in the sixth step is put into a heating furnace for heating, taken out after heating is finished, put into quenching liquid for quenching, and kept for later use after quenching is finished;

putting the casting quenched in the step seven into a heat preservation box, exhausting air in the heat preservation box, introducing argon for protection, heating and preserving heat for the casting, and taking out the casting after heat preservation is finished and cooling the casting to room temperature for later use;

and in the ninth step, deburring, trimming, polishing, decontaminating and cleaning are carried out on the casting cooled in the eighth step, so that the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting is manufactured.

Preferably, in the second step, the melting temperature is 680-700 ℃, and the melting time is 10-20 min.

Preferably, in the third step, the refining temperature is 750-.

Preferably, in the third step, the temperature of the modification treatment is 825-835 ℃.

Preferably, in the fourth step, the preheating temperature of the mold is 150-.

Preferably, in the eighth step, the heat preservation temperature of the heat preservation box is 650-.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the boron-titanium flux, the SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and the SR814 phosphorus composite refiner are used for replacing sodium salt as the modifier for modification, so that the effective time of modification treatment is prolonged, the crystal structure is refined, the wear resistance of a casting is improved, meanwhile, the corrosion of the sodium salt to production equipment is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged;

2. according to the invention, the casting after quenching is heated and insulated, so that the brittleness of the casting is effectively eliminated, the strength of the casting is increased, and the argon is used for protection in the heating and insulating process, so that the surface oxidation condition is avoided;

3. the invention has reasonable formula and simple process, greatly increases the structural strength and the wear resistance of the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting, and simultaneously produces the casting by using the pop-top can and the waste aluminum product as raw materials, thereby being beneficial to reducing the production cost, realizing the waste utilization and protecting the environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a technical solution provided by the present invention:

example 1:

a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following formula: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of Si, 0.1 part of Mn, 3 parts of Cu, 0.05 part of Ti, 65 parts of Al, 0.45 part of Mg, 0.05 part of Zn and 0.2 part of alterant, wherein Al is a waste and recycled pop can and an aluminum product, Si is one or a mixture of industrial first-grade silicon and industrial dipolar silicon, and the alterant is one or a mixture of a boron-titanium flux, an SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and an SR814 phosphorus composite refiner.

A preparation method of a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; step two, smelting and mixing; step three, refining and removing impurities; step four, preheating the mould; step five, pouring and casting; step six, pressure maintaining and forming; step seven, quenching the casting; step eight, heat preservation treatment; step nine, surface treatment;

in the first step, 18 parts of Si, 0.1 part of Mn, 3 parts of Cu, 0.05 part of Ti, 65 parts of Al, 0.45 part of Mg, 0.05 part of Zn and 0.2 part of alterant are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components;

in the second step, a smelting furnace is used, the Si weighed in the first step is added into the smelting furnace for smelting, then Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg and Zn are sequentially added for smelting, the smelting temperature is 700 ℃, the smelting time is 20min, and molten metal is prepared for later use;

adding a proper amount of slag removing agent into the molten metal in the second step, deslagging the molten metal, removing waste residues on the surface of the molten metal by using a slag removing machine, repeating the steps for 3 times until no large amount of waste residues are separated out on the surface, transferring the molten metal after deslagging into a transfer ladle, introducing argon and adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining temperature is 750 ℃, the refining time is 15min, adding the modifying agent weighed in the first step after refining for modifying, the modifying temperature is 830 ℃, and injecting the modifying agent into a heat preservation furnace in a die casting machine for later use after modifying;

in the fourth step, a die to be die-cast is mounted on a die-casting machine, then the die is preheated by using an electric heating rod, the preheating temperature of the die is 200 ℃, and the die is reserved after preheating is finished;

in the fifth step, the alloy melt after modification treatment in the third step is injected into the casting mold preheated in the fourth step, so that casting of the casting is completed;

in the sixth step, the liquid alloy injected in the fifth step is not completely shaped, the pressure of the mold is kept until the casting is cooled and shaped, and the casting is taken out for later use;

in the seventh step, the casting prepared in the sixth step is put into a heating furnace for heating, taken out after heating is finished, put into quenching liquid for quenching, and kept for later use after quenching is finished;

putting the casting quenched in the step seven into a heat preservation box, exhausting air in the heat preservation box, introducing argon for protection, heating and preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out the casting after heat preservation, and cooling the casting to room temperature for later use;

and in the ninth step, deburring, trimming, polishing, decontaminating and cleaning are carried out on the casting cooled in the eighth step, so that the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting is manufactured.

Example 2:

a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following formula: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: the silicon-based composite material comprises, by weight, 20 parts of Si, 0.15 part of Mn, 4 parts of Cu, 0.08 part of Ti, 68 parts of Al, 0.5 part of Mg, 0.08 part of Zn and 0.3 part of a modifier, wherein Al is a waste recovered pop can and an aluminum product, Si is one or a mixture of industrial first-grade silicon and industrial dipolar silicon, and the modifier is one or a mixture of a boron-titanium flux, an SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and an SR814 phosphorus composite refiner.

A preparation method of a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; step two, smelting and mixing; step three, refining and removing impurities; step four, preheating the mould; step five, pouring and casting; step six, pressure maintaining and forming; step seven, quenching the casting; step eight, heat preservation treatment; step nine, surface treatment;

in the first step, 20 parts of Si, 0.15 part of Mn, 4 parts of Cu, 0.08 part of Ti, 68 parts of Al, 0.5 part of Mg, 0.08 part of Zn and 0.3 part of alterant are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components;

in the second step, a smelting furnace is used, the Si weighed in the first step is added into the smelting furnace for smelting, then Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg and Zn are sequentially added for smelting, the smelting temperature is 700 ℃, the smelting time is 20min, and molten metal is prepared for later use;

adding a proper amount of slag removing agent into the molten metal in the second step, deslagging the molten metal, removing waste residues on the surface of the molten metal by using a slag removing machine, repeating the steps for 3 times until no large amount of waste residues are separated out on the surface, transferring the molten metal after deslagging into a transfer ladle, introducing argon and adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining temperature is 760 ℃, the refining time is 15min, adding the modifying agent weighed in the first step after refining is finished for modification treatment, the modification treatment temperature is 830 ℃, and injecting the modified modifying agent into a heat preservation furnace in a die casting machine for later use;

in the fourth step, a die to be die-cast is mounted on a die-casting machine, then the die is preheated by using an electric heating rod, the preheating temperature of the die is 180 ℃, and the die is reserved after preheating is finished;

in the fifth step, the alloy melt after modification treatment in the third step is injected into the casting mold preheated in the fourth step, so that casting of the casting is completed;

in the sixth step, the liquid alloy injected in the fifth step is not completely shaped, the pressure of the mold is kept until the casting is cooled and shaped, and the casting is taken out for later use;

in the seventh step, the casting prepared in the sixth step is put into a heating furnace for heating, taken out after heating is finished, put into quenching liquid for quenching, and kept for later use after quenching is finished;

putting the casting quenched in the step seven into a heat preservation box, exhausting air in the heat preservation box, introducing argon for protection, heating and preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out the casting after heat preservation, and cooling the casting to room temperature for later use;

and in the ninth step, deburring, trimming, polishing, decontaminating and cleaning are carried out on the casting cooled in the eighth step, so that the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting is manufactured.

Example 3:

a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following formula: si, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg, Zn and a modifier, wherein the modifier comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of Si, 0.2 part of Mn, 5 parts of Cu, 0.1 part of Ti, 70 parts of Al, 0.6 part of Mg, 0.1 part of Zn and 0.4 part of alterant, wherein Al is a waste and recycled pop can and an aluminum product, Si is one or a mixture of industrial first-grade silicon and industrial dipolar silicon, and the alterant is one or a mixture of a boron-titanium flux, an SR813 phosphorus composite refiner and an SR814 phosphorus composite refiner.

A preparation method of a lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting comprises the following steps of firstly, weighing raw materials; step two, smelting and mixing; step three, refining and removing impurities; step four, preheating the mould; step five, pouring and casting; step six, pressure maintaining and forming; step seven, quenching the casting; step eight, heat preservation treatment; step nine, surface treatment;

in the first step, 22 parts of Si, 0.2 part of Mn, 5 parts of Cu, 0.1 part of Ti, 70 parts of Al, 0.6 part of Mg, 0.1 part of Zn and 0.4 part of alterant are weighed according to the parts by weight of the components;

in the second step, a smelting furnace is used, the Si weighed in the first step is added into the smelting furnace for smelting, then Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Mg and Zn are sequentially added for smelting, the smelting temperature is 700 ℃, the smelting time is 20min, and molten metal is prepared for later use;

adding a proper amount of slag removing agent into the molten metal in the second step, deslagging the molten metal, removing waste residues on the surface of the molten metal by using a slag removing machine, repeating the steps for 3 times until no large amount of waste residues are separated out on the surface, transferring the molten metal after deslagging into a transfer ladle, introducing argon and adding a refining agent for refining, wherein the refining temperature is 760 ℃, the refining time is 15min, adding the modifying agent weighed in the first step after refining is finished for modification treatment, the modification treatment temperature is 830 ℃, and injecting the modified modifying agent into a heat preservation furnace in a die casting machine for later use;

in the fourth step, a die to be die-cast is mounted on a die-casting machine, then the die is preheated by using an electric heating rod, the preheating temperature of the die is 180 ℃, and the die is reserved after preheating is finished;

in the fifth step, the alloy melt after modification treatment in the third step is injected into the casting mold preheated in the fourth step, so that casting of the casting is completed;

in the sixth step, the liquid alloy injected in the fifth step is not completely shaped, the pressure of the mold is kept until the casting is cooled and shaped, and the casting is taken out for later use;

in the seventh step, the casting prepared in the sixth step is put into a heating furnace for heating, taken out after heating is finished, put into quenching liquid for quenching, and kept for later use after quenching is finished;

putting the casting quenched in the step seven into a heat preservation box, exhausting air in the heat preservation box, introducing argon for protection, heating and preserving heat for 2 hours, taking out the casting after heat preservation, and cooling the casting to room temperature for later use;

and in the ninth step, deburring, trimming, polishing, decontaminating and cleaning are carried out on the casting cooled in the eighth step, so that the lightweight high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting is manufactured.

The properties of the examples are compared in the following table:

based on the above, the high-silicon aluminum alloy die casting produced by the invention has light weight, the tensile strength and the yield strength are greatly improved, the strength and the quality of the casting are favorably improved, meanwhile, the pop can and the waste aluminum product are used as raw materials to produce the casting, the waste utilization is favorably realized, the production cost is reduced, the environmental protection is favorably realized, in addition, the boron-titanium flux, the SR 813-phosphorus composite refiner and the SR 814-phosphorus composite refiner are used for replacing sodium salt to perform modification treatment in the production process, the modification time limit is prolonged, the corrosion of the sodium salt to equipment is avoided, the service life of the equipment is favorably prolonged, the quenching treatment is needed after the casting is completed, the casting completed by quenching is subjected to heating and heat preservation under the protection of argon gas, and the brittleness of the casting is favorably reduced.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.