阅读说明：本技术 一种用于耳片自动化加工的辅助测量装置及其使用方法 (Auxiliary measuring device for automatic processing of lugs and using method thereof ) 是由 张云诏 陈泊行 张也 尹成 刘适 黄景康 张全习 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于耳片自动化加工的辅助测量装置,属于航空结构件机械加工技术领域,包括基座、弹性支撑装置和锁紧装置,所述弹性支撑装置包括顶盘、关节轴承、支撑杆和弹簧,所述顶盘通过轴承连接支撑杆,所述支撑杆设有容置弹簧的内腔,所述锁紧装置包括卡抱销I、卡抱销II和螺钉,所述螺钉穿过卡抱销I后与卡抱销II可拆卸连接,所述基座水平方向设有用于穿过锁紧装置的通孔,基座的竖直方向设有安装弹性支撑装置的盲孔,所述通孔与盲孔偏心贯穿设置,同时公开了该装置的使用方法,解决了现有技术中大型框类、梁类零件上的耳片厚度的不能准确测量的问题。(The invention discloses an auxiliary measuring device for automatically processing lug plates, which belongs to the technical field of aviation structural part machining and comprises a base, an elastic supporting device and a locking device, the elastic supporting device comprises a top disc, a joint bearing, a supporting rod and a spring, the top disc is connected with the supporting rod through the bearing, the supporting rod is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating a spring, the locking device comprises a clamping pin I, a clamping pin II and a screw, the screw passes through the clamping pin I and then is detachably connected with the clamping pin II, a through hole for passing through the locking device is arranged in the horizontal direction of the base, a blind hole for installing the elastic supporting device is arranged in the vertical direction of the base, the through hole and the blind hole are eccentrically arranged in a penetrating way, meanwhile, the use method of the device is disclosed, and the problem that the thickness of the lug plates on large frame and beam parts cannot be accurately measured in the prior art is solved.)

1. The utility model provides an auxiliary measuring device for auricle automated processing which characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), an elastic supporting device (2) and a locking device (3), wherein the elastic supporting device (2) comprises a top disc (2-1), a joint bearing (2-2), a supporting rod (2-3) and a spring (2-4), the top disc (2-1) is connected with the supporting rod (2-3) through the bearing, the supporting rod (2-3) is provided with an inner cavity (2-3-1) for accommodating the spring (2-4), the locking device (3) comprises a clamping pin I (3-2), a clamping pin II (3-3) and a screw (3-1), the screw (3-1) passes through the clamping pin I (3-2) and then is detachably connected with the clamping pin II (3-3), and the base (1) is horizontally provided with a through hole (1-2) for passing through the locking device (3), the base (1) is provided with a blind hole (1-1) in the vertical direction for installing the elastic supporting device (2), and the through hole (1-2) and the blind hole (1-1) are arranged in an eccentric penetrating mode.

2. An auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ear pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping pin I (3-2) and the clamping pin II (3-3) are both provided with arc notches (4).

3. An auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ear pieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: an inner circular hole (3-2-1) is formed in the middle of the clamping pin I (3-2), and an internal thread matched with the screw (3-1) is formed in the clamping pin II (3-3).

4. An auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ear pieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: the supporting rod (2-3) is of a stepped cylindrical structure, and the large cylindrical structure end of the supporting rod (2-3) is an inner cavity (2-3-1) provided with a spring (2-4); the small cylindrical structure end of the support rod (2-3) is used for penetrating through the bearing to be connected with the top disc (2-1).

5. An auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ear pieces according to claim 4, characterized in that: the upper surface of the top disc (2-1) is a plane, a step hole is formed in the middle of the top disc (2-1), and the step hole comprises a step small hole (2-1-1) used for avoiding the rotation of the joint bearing (2-2) and a step large hole (2-1-2) used for connecting the joint bearing (2-2).

6. An auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ear pieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: the base (1) is of a step structure, and the step structures on two sides of the base (1) are provided with compression holes (1-3).

7. Use of an auxiliary device, characterized in that the use of an auxiliary measuring device for the automated processing of ears according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:

a. fixing the lug part (6) to be machined on a machine tool, enabling the lug part (6) to be machined to be positioned above the clamp (5), then compressing a top disc (2-1) of the auxiliary measuring device, enabling the distance from the upper surface of the top disc (2-1) of the auxiliary measuring device to the lower surface of the base (1) to be smaller than the distance from the lower surface of the lug part (6) to the upper surface of the clamp (5), and then screwing a screw (3-1) of the locking device (3);

b. then the auxiliary measuring device is placed above the clamp (5) and is horizontally moved and pushed into the lower part of the lug part (6) until the top disc (2-1) of the auxiliary measuring device extends into the lower part of the lug part (6) by more than 50 percent;

c. loosening the screw (3-1) of the locking device (3), lifting the elastic supporting device (2) to enable the top disc (2-1) to be lifted until the upper surface of the top disc (2-1) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the lug part (6), and screwing the screw (3-1) of the locking device (3);

d. and measuring the distance L1 between the upper surface of the top disc (2-1) and the upper surface of the lug part (6) by using a probe to obtain the machining allowance of the lug part (6) to be machined.

8. Use of an aid according to claim 7, characterised in that: and in the step c, after the screw (3-1) of the locking device (3) is screwed, the auxiliary measuring device is fixed on the clamp (5) by using a bolt.

9. Use of an aid according to claim 8, characterised in that: in the step d, the detecting head is a trigger type measuring head (7).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation structural part machining, in particular to an auxiliary measuring device for automatic lug machining and a using method thereof, and is particularly suitable for automatic lug machining on large-sized frame and beam parts.

Background

The lug plate is the most typical characteristic of connection between aviation structural parts, plays an important role in matching and positioning in the assembly process of aircraft parts, is usually arranged on fatigue key parts such as large frames, beams and complex joints, and has important influence on the safety performance, the service life and the like of the aircraft due to the processing quality of the lug plate. Therefore, such features are generally planar on both the top and bottom surfaces, with thickness dimensional accuracy requirements above IT9 level and surface roughness requirements also above ra 1.6. For such features, stable processing flows have been established in the industry: semi-finishing → measurement → zero offset → finishing.

With the rapid development of aviation manufacturing industry in China in recent years, aviation mainframe manufacturing enterprises begin to build or build flexible production lines and digital workshops based on digitization and informatization, and the manual measurement process is simplified, so that how to realize automatic processing of lugs also becomes a key technical and technical challenging target in the industry.

According to related technologies and literature findings, a patent with a publication number of CN 111390252A discloses a method for machining a high-precision lug group of an aviation structural component. At present, the method is mainly used for machining vertical and horizontal conversion type machine tools, the machine tools are high in flexibility, a workbench can rotate at will in 360 degrees, complex joint type parts are machined, and the lug thickness measurement can be conveniently achieved by using a conventional contact type probe. However, the size of the workbench is generally too small, and the large-frame large-beam parts cannot be machined, the large-frame large-beam parts are mainly focused on a vertical machine tool and a horizontal machine tool with the large workbench for machining, and under the optimal clamping posture of the parts, the two machine tools can directly measure the thickness of the lug plate by swinging the main shaft by 90 degrees, but under the state, the machine tool parts can interfere with each other, or a special fixture with high price needs to be customized to integrally increase the parts, so that the manufacturing cost is very high.

Some well-known measurement technology companies at home and abroad put forward ultrasonic thickness measurement type measuring heads, a machine tool spindle does not need to swing, data can be directly captured under the support of special thickness measurement software, the measurement precision can reach +/-10 mu m, but the measurement range is limited and is generally between 1 and 10mm, and the thickness dimension of lugs of large-sized frame and beam parts is far beyond the range.

The company also tests that the thickness dimension of the lug is indirectly calculated in a mode of measuring the step difference between the upper surface of the lug and the positioning surface of the tool, however, under the influence of multiple factors such as residual stress of materials, cutting force, clamping force and the like, the aviation structural part is often deformed in processing, the bottom surface of the lug cannot be tightly attached to the positioning surface of the tool, and the obtained measurement result is unreliable.

Therefore, no better measuring device or method exists so far, and the automatic and accurate measurement of the thickness dimension of the single lug of the large frame and beam type part of the aviation structural member in the numerical control machining process can be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an auxiliary measuring device for automatic processing of lugs and a using method thereof, and solves the problem that the thickness of the lugs cannot be accurately measured in a flexible production line and a digital workshop which are based on digitization and informatization in the prior art, in particular the problem of accurate measurement of the thickness of the lugs on large-sized frame and beam parts.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an auxiliary measuring device for auricle automated processing, includes base, elastic support device and locking device, elastic support device includes a set, joint bearing, bracing piece and spring, the set passes through bearing joint support pole, the bracing piece is equipped with the inner chamber of holding spring, locking device embraces round pin I, card including the card and embraces round pin II and screw, the screw passes to block to embrace round pin I after and to embrace round pin II and can dismantle and be connected, the base horizontal direction is equipped with the through-hole that is used for passing locking device, and the vertical direction of base is equipped with the blind hole of installation elastic support device, the through-hole runs through the setting with the blind hole off-centre.

Furthermore, the clamping and holding pin I and the clamping and holding pin II are both provided with arc notches.

Furthermore, an inner circular hole is formed in the middle of the clamping and holding pin I, and an inner thread matched with the screw is formed in the clamping and holding pin II.

Furthermore, the supporting rod is of a stepped cylindrical structure, and the large cylindrical structure end of the supporting rod is an inner cavity provided with a spring; the small cylindrical structure end of the supporting rod is used for penetrating through the bearing to be connected with the top disc.

Furthermore, the upper surface of the top disc is a plane, a step hole is formed in the middle of the top disc, and the step hole comprises a step small hole used for avoiding the rotation of the joint bearing and a step large hole used for connecting the joint bearing.

Further, the base is of a step structure, and the step structures on two sides of the base are provided with compression holes.

The use method of the auxiliary measuring device for the automatic processing of the ear comprises the following steps:

a. fixing the lug part to be processed on a machine tool, enabling the lug part to be processed to be positioned above a clamp, then compressing a top disc of an auxiliary measuring device, enabling the distance from the upper surface of the top disc of the auxiliary measuring device to the lower surface of a base to be smaller than the distance from the lower surface of the lug part to the upper surface of the clamp, and then screwing a screw of a locking device;

b. then the auxiliary measuring device is placed above the clamp and is horizontally moved and pushed into the lower part of the lug part until the top disc of the auxiliary measuring device extends into the lower part of the lug part by more than 50 percent;

c. then loosening the screw of the locking device, lifting the elastic supporting device to enable the top disc to rise until the upper surface of the top disc is tightly attached to the lower surface of the lug part, and screwing the screw of the locking device;

d. and measuring the distance L1 between the upper surface of the top disc and the upper surface of the lug part by using a detecting head to obtain the machining allowance of the lug part to be machined.

Furthermore, in step c, after the screw of the locking device is tightened, the auxiliary measuring device is fixed on the clamp by using the bolt.

Further, in step d, the detecting head is a trigger type measuring head.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the invention provides an auxiliary measuring device for automatic processing of a lug, which is used for the auxiliary measurement of the thickness of a lug part in a flexible production line and a digital workshop which are based on digitization and informatization, and can solve the problems that the lug on large-scale frame and beam parts is inconvenient to measure the thickness or the measured result is unreliable in the prior art and is not beneficial to automatic processing. The auxiliary measuring device in the technical scheme is simple in structure, and the elastic supporting device is utilized, so that the problem of large measuring error caused by untight attachment of the contact surface due to deformation of an aeronautical structural member can be solved.

In the invention, the clamping pin I and the clamping pin II are respectively provided with an arc surface notch, the arc surface notches are required to be matched with the side surface of the supporting rod when being designed, the contact area is increased, and the fastening effect is better after the screw is screwed.

In the invention, the middle part of the clamping pin I is provided with an inner circular hole, the inner circular hole can pass through a screw, and the clamping pin II is provided with an inner thread matched with the screw and used for fastening the support rod.

In the invention, the base is of a step structure, and the step structures on two sides of the base are respectively provided with a compression hole, so that the base can be conveniently fixed on the clamp by adopting fasteners such as bolts and the like.

The invention also discloses a using method of the auxiliary measuring device, which is used for skillfully measuring the thickness of the lug part by combining the existing equipment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of the auxiliary measuring device.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a base of an auxiliary measuring device.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the top plate.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the auxiliary measuring device in use.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the snap pins I and II.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the support bar.

Wherein, 1, a base; 2. an elastic support device; 3. a locking device; 4. a cambered surface notch; 5. a clamp; 6. a tab feature; 7. a trigger probe; 1-1, blind holes; 1-2, through holes; 1-3, pressing the hole; 2-1, a top plate; 2-2, a joint bearing; 2-3, supporting rods; 2-4, a spring; 3-1, screws; 3-2, clamping and holding pin I; 3-3, clamping and holding pin II; 2-1-1, step small holes; 2-1-2, step macropore; 2-3-1, inner cavity; 3-2-1, inner round hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the present invention is conventionally placed in when used, the orientations or positional relationships are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and the terms do not indicate or imply that the device or the element to which the present invention refers must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", and the like, when used in the description of the present invention, do not imply that the components are absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined; the terms "plane", "cylindrical" and the like when used in the description of the present invention do not indicate that the components are absolutely planar or absolutely cylindrical. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

An auxiliary measuring device for automatic lug machining relates to the technical field of aviation structural part machining, and comprises a base 1, an elastic supporting device 2 and a locking device 3, wherein the elastic supporting device 2 comprises a top disc 2-1, a joint bearing 2-2, a supporting rod 2-3 and a spring 2-4, the top disc 2-1 is connected with the supporting rod 2-3 through the bearing, the supporting rod 2-3 is provided with an inner cavity 2-3-1 for accommodating the spring 2-4, the locking device 3 comprises a clamping pin I3-2, a clamping pin II3-3 and a screw 3-1, the screw 3-1 penetrates through the clamping pin I3-2 and then is detachably connected with the clamping pin II3-3, and a through hole 1-2 for penetrating through the locking device 3 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the base 1, the base 1 is provided with a blind hole 1-1 for installing the elastic supporting device 2 in the vertical direction, and the through hole 1-2 and the blind hole 1-1 are eccentrically arranged in a penetrating way.

In the most basic embodiment, in use, referring to fig. 1, the top plate 2-1, the knuckle bearing 2-2, the support rod 2-3 and the spring 2-4 are assembled in sequence from top to bottom, the top plate 2-1 is pressed down to a proper position, the screw 3-1 penetrates through the clamping pin I3-2 and then is detachably connected with the clamping pin II3-3, and the screw 3-1 and the clamping pin II3-3 are screwed, so that the elastic support device 2 is fixed. Because the spring 2-4 is placed in the inner cavity 2-3-1 of the supporting rod 2-3, the screw 3-1 is loosened, the supporting rod 2-3, the joint bearing 2-2, the top disc 2-1 and other parts are jacked up after the spring 2-4 recovers elasticity, the screw 3-1 is screwed again, and the adjustment of the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 and the lower surface of the base 1 in a certain height range of the auxiliary measuring device can be realized.

Example 2

The embodiment is a better implementation manner, and an auxiliary measuring device for automatically processing an ear relates to the technical field of aviation structural part machining, and referring to fig. 1-2, the auxiliary measuring device comprises a base 1, an elastic supporting device 2 and a locking device 3, wherein the elastic supporting device 2 comprises a top plate 2-1, a joint bearing 2-2, a supporting rod 2-3 and a spring 2-4, the top plate 2-1 is connected with the supporting rod 2-3 through a bearing, the supporting rod 2-3 is provided with an inner cavity 2-3-1 for accommodating the spring 2-4, the locking device 3 comprises an embracing pin I3-2, an embracing pin II3-3 and a screw 3-1, the screw 3-1 passes through the embracing pin I3-2 and is detachably connected with the embracing pin II3-3, the base 1 is provided with a through hole 1-2 for passing through the locking device 3 in the horizontal direction, the base 1 is provided with a blind hole 1-1 for installing the elastic supporting device 2 in the vertical direction, and the through hole 1-2 and the blind hole 1-1 are eccentrically arranged in a penetrating way.

Furthermore, the clamping pin I3-2 and the clamping pin II3-3 are both provided with arc notches 4, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the through hole 1-2 and the blind hole 1-1 are eccentrically arranged in a penetrating manner, so that the arc notches 4 of the clamping pin I3-2 and the clamping pin II3-3 can be matched with the curved surface of the support rod 2-3, and the clamping pin I3-2 and the clamping pin II3-3 are tightly attached to the support rod 2-3, thereby preventing the screw 3-1 from penetrating through the support rod 2-3 and the spring 2-4, and achieving the purpose of fastening the support rod 2-3.

Furthermore, an inner circular hole 3-2-1 is formed in the middle of the clamping pin I3-2, and an inner thread matched with the screw 3-1 is formed in the clamping pin II3-3, so that the screw 3-1 can be detachably connected with the clamping pin II3-3 after penetrating through the inner circular hole 3-2-1.

Further, the support rod 2-3 is of a stepped cylindrical structure, and referring to fig. 7, the large cylindrical structure end of the support rod 2-3 is an inner cavity 2-3-1 provided with a spring 2-4; the small cylindrical structure end of the support rod 2-3 is used for penetrating through a bearing to be connected with the top disc 2-1.

Further, the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 is a plane, a step hole is formed in the middle of the top disc 2-1, and referring to fig. 3-4, the step hole comprises a step small hole 2-1-1 for avoiding the joint bearing 2-2 to rotate and a step large hole 2-1-2 for connecting the joint bearing 2-2.

Further, the base 1 is designed to be a stepped structure, the stepped structures on two sides of the base 1 are respectively provided with a compression hole 1-3, the clamp 5 is provided with a mounting hole, and a fastener such as a screw 3-1 or a bolt can penetrate through the compression holes 1-3 on the base 1 to fix the whole auxiliary measuring device on the clamp 5.

The reason for the design is that when the measurement auxiliary device is applied to a horizontal machine tool, due to the gravity borne by the device, if the device is not fixed, the vibration of the machine tool can cause the measurement auxiliary device to move during processing, and further cause inaccurate data measured by a measuring probe to influence the processing precision.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a use method of an auxiliary measuring device in embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1-4, and relates to the technical field of automatic machining of aerospace structural parts, and the use method comprises the following steps, referring to fig. 5:

a. fixing the lug part 6 to be processed on a machine tool, enabling the lug part 6 to be processed to be positioned above the clamp 5, then compressing a top disc 2-1 of the auxiliary measuring device, enabling the distance from the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 of the auxiliary measuring device to the lower surface of the base 1 to be smaller than the distance from the lower surface of the lug part 6 to the upper surface of the clamp 5, and then screwing a screw 3-1 of a locking device 3;

b. then the auxiliary measuring device is placed above the clamp 5 and is horizontally moved to push the lower part of the lug part 6 until the top disc 2-1 of the auxiliary measuring device extends into the lower part of the lug part 6 by more than 50 percent;

c. then loosening the screw 3-1 of the locking device 3, lifting the elastic supporting device 2 to enable the top disc 2-1 to be lifted until the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the lug part 6, and screwing the screw 3-1 of the locking device 3;

d. the probe is used to measure the distance L1 between the upper surface of the top plate 2-1 and the upper surface of the tab part 6, so as to obtain the machining allowance of the tab part 6 to be machined, taking the embodiment as an example, as shown in fig. 5, the specific operation method is as follows:

first working

First, a small margin P is left for semi-finishing to the theoretical height Z4, i.e. the theoretical thickness L2= L + P of the ear part after semi-finishing. However, in actual machining, the first machining is performed to the actual height Z1 due to external factors such as spindle thermal elongation and tool length error, and the thickness of the tab part is actually L1= L + P + FI, and FI is a machining deviation value.

Secondly, the distance L1 between the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 and the upper surface of the lug part 6 is measured by a probe, and the specific operation is as follows: the height Z1 of the upper surface of the tab element 6 is measured by the trigger feeler 7, the trigger feeler 7 being in the position (r) of fig. 5: when the trigger probe 7 is moved to the position of the ② in fig. 5, and the height Z2 of the upper surface of the top plate 2-1 is measured, L1= Z1-Z2.

And calculating a machining deviation value Fl = L1-L-P, and compensating the deviation value Fl to a machining zero point through the numerical control system variable.

Second working

And performing finish machining to a theoretical height Z3, namely the theoretical thickness of the ear part 6 after finish machining is L. The theoretical machining allowance for finishing at this time is Pl = P + FI.

Then, a probe is used for measuring the distance L' between the upper surface of the top disc 2-1 and the upper surface of the lug part 6, and the operation is as follows:

the height Z3' of the upper surface of the tab part 6 is measured by using the trigger probe 7, and the trigger probe 7 moves the trigger probe 7 to the position (r) of fig. 5 at the position (c) of fig. 5 to measure the height Z2' of the upper surface of the top plate 2-1, so that L ' = Z3' -Z2 '.

And if the delta L = L' -L is within the processing tolerance range of the lug part 6, the lug part is a qualified machined part.

Of course, in order to ensure the machining accuracy during the operation, the actual upper surface of the top plate 2-1 may be measured again and the difference calculated every time the top plate is machined.

In practical application, in order to reduce measurement errors as much as possible, multiple points and multiple measurements can be carried out, and an average value is taken.

Further, in step c, after the screw 3-1 of the locking device 3 is tightened, the auxiliary measuring device is fixed on the clamp 5 by using a bolt.

Further, in step d, the detecting head selects the trigger type measuring head 7.

The whole automatic equipment that adopts of this scheme does not need artifical the participation to measure, through many times experimental, and machining error can guarantee to be less than 0.03mm, satisfies the processing demand.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.