阅读说明：本技术 一种大型框梁零件腹板厚度在线监测加工方法 (Online monitoring machining method for thickness of large frame beam part web ) 是由 许亚军 廖双权 任德祖 陈云 安之宇 于 2021-07-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于金属切削加工技术领域,具体涉及一种大型框梁零件腹板厚度在线监测加工方法,基于数控机床建立测厚系统,利用测厚系统进行零件腹板厚度的自动在线测量；测厚系统基于测量的信息计算得到实际零件腹板厚度与理论值的误差,将该误差输入数控机床的控制系统中,数控机床的控制系统根据所得零件腹板加工理论抬刀值,生成零件腹板抬刀加工路径；启动数控机床,使数控机床基于加工路径自动完成对零件腹板的补充加工。本技术方案实现零件腹板厚度的自动化测量和加工,降低人工干预加工的风险,对于大型框、梁零件生产线的柔性化建设具有重要意义。(The invention belongs to the technical field of metal cutting machining, and particularly relates to an online monitoring machining method for the thickness of a web plate of a large-scale frame beam part, which is characterized in that a thickness measuring system is established based on a numerical control machine tool, and the thickness measuring system is utilized to automatically measure the thickness of the web plate of the part on line; the thickness measuring system calculates and obtains the error between the actual part web thickness and the theoretical value based on the measured information, the error is input into a control system of the numerical control machine tool, and the control system of the numerical control machine tool generates a part web lifting tool machining path according to the obtained part web machining theoretical lifting tool value; and starting the numerical control machine tool to automatically complete the supplementary processing of the part web based on the processing path. According to the technical scheme, the automatic measurement and processing of the thickness of the web of the part are realized, the risk of manual intervention processing is reduced, and the method has important significance for flexible construction of large-scale frame and beam part production lines.)

1. The method for monitoring and processing the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part on line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, establishing a thickness measuring system based on the numerical control machine tool (12);

s2, automatically measuring the thickness of the web plate of the large frame beam part processed by the numerical control machine (12) on line by using a thickness measuring system;

s3, calculating by the thickness measuring system based on the measured information to obtain the error between the actual part web thickness and the theoretical value, namely the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

s4, inputting the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing into a control system (11) of the numerical control machine (12), and generating a part web cutter lifting processing path by the control system (11) of the numerical control machine (12) according to the obtained theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

and S5, starting the numerical control machine tool (12) to enable the numerical control machine tool (12) to automatically complete the supplementary machining of the part web based on the part web lifting machining path.

2. The on-line monitoring and processing method for the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness measuring system in the step S1 comprises a measuring head (3), a spring force measuring mechanism (6), a data processor (10), a piezoelectric sensor (7), a digital-to-analog converter (8) and a wireless transmission device (9) which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the wireless transmission device (9) is in communication connection with the data processor (10), and the data processor (10) is electrically connected with a control system (11) of the numerical control machine (12); the measuring head (3) is connected with a main shaft (1) of the numerical control machine tool (12) in a matching mode through a tool shank (2) of the numerical control machine tool (12), and the two ends of the spring force measuring mechanism (6) are respectively connected with the lower surface of a web of the part and the piezoelectric sensor (7).

3. The on-line monitoring and processing method for the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in step S2, the online measurement of the thickness of the web of the part includes the following steps:

s21, controlling the main shaft (1) of the numerical control machine tool (12) to move, moving the side head to the upper surface (4) of the part web, obtaining coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web through measurement of the measuring head (3), and transmitting the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web to the data processor (10) through the data port;

s22, generating a force signal based on the spring force change of the spring force measuring mechanism (6) caused by the deformation of the lower surface of the web of the part, converting the force signal into a corresponding electric signal by using a pressure sensor, and sending the electric signal to a digital-to-analog converter (8);

and S23, converting the received electric signals into analog signals corresponding to the deformation of the lower surface of the part web plate by using a digital-to-analog converter (8), and then transmitting the analog signals to a data processor (10) by using a wireless transmission device (9).

4. The on-line monitoring and processing method for the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web is an axial coordinate value Z1 of the upper surface of the part web based on a machining coordinate system, and the deformation direction and the deformation delta Z of the lower surface of the part web are borne in the analog signal.

5. The method for on-line monitoring and processing the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S3, the method for calculating the corresponding error is as follows: given the theoretical thickness T of the part web, the theoretical axial coordinate value Z2 of the lower surface of the part web has Δ T = T- (Z1- (Z2+ Δ Z)), where Δ T is the error of the actual part web thickness from the theoretical value.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S5, the processing is performed by shifting Δ T in the axial direction under the processing coordinate system, and if Δ T >0, the processing of the web of the part based on the processing path of the web of the part lifting tool raises Δ T as a whole; if the delta T is less than 0, the part web processing tool path formed based on the part web lifting tool processing path is reduced by-delta T as a whole.

7. The on-line monitoring and processing method for the thickness of the web of the large frame-beam part as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S3 includes that when the data is processed, the elongation of the spring force-measuring mechanism (6) is set to be positive based on an algorithm, and otherwise, the value of the Delta Z is negative.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal cutting machining, and particularly relates to an online monitoring machining method for the thickness of a web plate of a large frame beam part.

Background

Due to the influence of uncertain factors such as cutter error, spindle elongation and part deformation in the machining process of frame and beam parts of an airplane, the thickness of a web plate of the part is difficult to machine in place at one time, and a measuring means needs to be added in the machining process to monitor the thickness state of the web plate of the part. At present, the traditional processing scheme aiming at the processing problem of the web of the large-sized frame and beam part still adopts a mode of numerical control processing, manual measurement of the thickness of the web of the part and numerical control supplementary processing, and the measurement and processing mode of manual intervention greatly hinders the flexible construction of the production line of the large-sized frame and beam part and also increases the instability of production state control. Therefore, the method for monitoring and processing the thickness of the web plate of the large frame beam part on line is of great significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to remove the manual measurement link in the processing process of the web of the frame and beam part, and provides an online monitoring and processing method for the thickness of the web of the large-scale frame and beam part, which realizes the automatic measurement and processing of the thickness of the web of the part, reduces the risk of manual intervention processing, and has important significance for the flexible construction of the production line of the large-scale frame and beam part.

The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

the method for monitoring and processing the thickness of the web of the large frame beam part on line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, establishing a thickness measuring system based on the numerical control machine tool;

s2, automatically measuring the thickness of the web plate of the large frame beam part processed by the numerical control machine tool on line by using a thickness measuring system;

s3, calculating by the thickness measuring system based on the measured information to obtain the error between the actual part web thickness and the theoretical value, namely the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

s4, inputting the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing into a control system of the numerical control machine tool, and generating a part web cutter lifting processing path by the control system of the numerical control machine tool according to the obtained theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

and S5, starting the numerical control machine tool, and enabling the numerical control machine tool to automatically complete the supplementary processing of the part web based on the part web lifting processing path.

Specifically, the thickness measuring system in step S1 includes a measuring head, a spring force measuring mechanism, a data processor, and a piezoelectric sensor, a digital-to-analog converter, and a wireless transmission device electrically connected in sequence, where the wireless transmission device is in communication connection with the data processor, and the data processor is electrically connected with a control system of the numerical control machine; the measuring head is connected with a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool in a matching mode through a tool handle of the numerical control machine tool, and two ends of the spring force measuring mechanism are respectively connected with the lower surface of a web plate of the part and the piezoelectric sensor.

Preferably, in step S2, the online measurement of the thickness of the web of the part includes the following steps:

s21, controlling the spindle of the numerical control machine tool to move, moving the side head to the upper surface of the part web, obtaining coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web through measurement of the measuring head, and transmitting the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web to the data processor through the data port;

s22, generating a force signal based on the spring force change of the spring force measuring mechanism caused by the deformation of the lower surface of the web plate of the part, converting the force signal into a corresponding electric signal by using a pressure sensor, and sending the electric signal to a digital-to-analog converter;

and S23, converting the received electric signals into analog signals corresponding to the deformation of the lower surface of the web plate of the part by using a digital-to-analog converter, and transmitting the analog signals to a data processor by using a wireless transmission device.

Preferably, the coordinate information of the upper surface of the web of the part is an axial coordinate value Z1 of the upper surface of the web of the part based on the machining coordinate system, and the deformation direction and the deformation Δ Z of the lower surface of the web of the part are carried in the analog signal.

Preferably, in step S3, the method for calculating the corresponding error is: given the theoretical thickness T of the part web, the theoretical axial coordinate value Z2 of the lower surface of the part web has Δ T = T- (Z1- (Z2+ Δ Z)), where Δ T is the error of the actual part web thickness from the theoretical value.

Preferably, in the step S5, the machining is performed along the axial offset Δ T under the machining coordinate system, wherein if Δ T >0, the part web machining formed based on the part web lifting machining path raises the whole by Δ T; if the delta T is less than 0, the part web processing tool path formed based on the part web lifting tool processing path is reduced by-delta T as a whole.

Preferably, the step S3 includes data processing, wherein Δ Z takes a positive value when the spring dynamometer is set to extend based on the algorithm, and otherwise Δ Z takes a negative value.

The beneficial effect that this technical scheme brought:

1) this technical scheme is special to the processing of large-scale frame roof beam part web, the formed part of accomplishing to the preliminary working of digit control machine tool carries out automatic on-line measurement through laying thickness measurement system, traditional artifical measuring mode has been replaced, measurement and control system depends on digit control machine tool work, can cooperate with the digit control machine tool perfect, realize the incessant processing of digit control machine tool to the part web, accord with large-scale frame, the requirement of roof beam part production line flexibility construction, the stability of production state control has been ensured, and simultaneously, because of realized the incessant processing of no artifical dry prediction volume, the production efficiency is greatly improved, based on the artifical participation volume that reduces, can practice thrift very big cost of labor.

2) The thickness measuring system is formed by simply combining the measuring head, the spring force measuring mechanism, the data processor electric sensor, the digital-to-analog converter and the wireless transmission device, is simple in structure and working principle, ingenious in thickness measuring mode, particularly suitable for measuring the thickness of the web of the large frame-beam part, real and reliable in measuring result, and provides reliable basis for the supplement processing of the numerical control machine tool on the web of the large frame-beam part.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a signal flow direction-based method according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thickness measuring system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a part web in a state;

in the figure:

1. a main shaft; 2. a knife handle; 3. a measuring head; 4. the upper surface of the part web; 5. the lower surface of the part web; 6. a spring force measuring mechanism; 7. a piezoelectric sensor; 8. a digital-to-analog converter; 9. a wireless transmission device; 10. a data processor; 11. a control system; 12. provided is a numerical control machine tool.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are for explaining the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment discloses an online monitoring and processing method for the thickness of a web of a large-scale frame beam part, which is used as a basic implementation scheme of the invention and comprises the following steps:

s1, establishing a thickness measuring system based on the numerical control machine 12, wherein the thickness measuring system is mainly required to be arranged by attaching to the numerical control machine 12 and is required to be matched with the numerical control machine 12 for working;

s2, automatically measuring the thickness of the web plate of the large frame beam part processed by the numerical control machine 12 on line by using a thickness measuring system; the machined large frame beam part is a formed part which is primarily machined by a numerical control machine tool 12 in the prior art and is not subjected to precision finishing;

s3, calculating by the thickness measuring system based on the measured information to obtain the error between the actual part web thickness and the theoretical value, namely the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

s4, inputting the theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing into the control system 11 of the numerical control machine 12, and generating a part web cutter lifting processing path by the control system 11 of the numerical control machine 12 according to the obtained theoretical cutter lifting value of the part web processing;

and S5, starting the numerical control machine 12, and enabling the numerical control machine 12 to automatically complete the supplementary processing of the part web based on the part web lifting processing path.

This technical scheme is special to the processing of large-scale frame roof beam part web, the formed part of accomplishing to digit control machine tool 12 preliminary working carries out automatic on-line measurement through laying the thickness measuring system, traditional artifical measuring mode has been replaced, the system of observing and controling depends on digit control machine tool 12 work, can perfectly cooperate with digit control machine tool 12, realize digit control machine tool 12 to the incessant processing of part web, accord with large-scale frame, the requirement of roof beam part production line flexibility construction, the stability of production state control has been ensured, and simultaneously, because of realized the incessant processing of no artifical dry prediction volume, the production efficiency is greatly improved, based on the artifical participation volume that reduces, can practice thrift very big cost of labor.

Example 2

The embodiment discloses an online monitoring and processing method for the thickness of a large frame beam part web, which is a preferred embodiment of the invention, namely in step S1 in embodiment 1, a thickness measuring system comprises a measuring head 3, a spring force measuring mechanism 6, a data processor 10, a piezoelectric sensor 7, a digital-to-analog converter 8 and a wireless transmission device 9 which are electrically connected in sequence, the wireless transmission device 9 is in communication connection with the data processor 10, and the data processor 10 is electrically connected with a control system 11 of a numerical control machine 12; the measuring head 3 is connected with a main shaft 1 of the numerical control machine 12 in a matching mode through a tool shank 2 of the numerical control machine 12, and two ends of the spring force measuring mechanism 6 are respectively connected with the lower surface of a part web and the piezoelectric sensor 7.

In actual use, the measuring head 3 is used for measuring coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web and uploading the coordinate information to the data processor 10. The piezoelectric sensor 7 cooperates with the spring force measuring mechanism 6 to acquire deformation information of the lower surface of the web of the part, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the lower surface of the web plate of the part is sunken upwards, the spring force measuring mechanism 6 is stretched, the spring force appears on the spring force measuring mechanism 6, at the moment, the spring force measuring mechanism 6 generates pulling force on the piezoelectric sensor 7, the deeper the lower surface of the web plate is sunken, the larger the pulling force generated by the spring force measuring mechanism 6 on the piezoelectric sensor 7 is, the piezoelectric sensor 7 converts the pulling force with corresponding magnitude into an electric signal, and the electric signal is uploaded to the data processor 10 by the wireless transmission device 9 after digital-to-analog conversion; when the lower surface of the web plate of the part protrudes downwards, the spring force measuring mechanism 6 is compressed, a spring force appears on the spring force measuring mechanism 6, at the moment, the spring force measuring mechanism 6 generates pressure on the piezoelectric sensor 7, the higher the protrusion of the lower surface of the web plate is, the larger the pressure generated by the spring force measuring mechanism 6 on the piezoelectric sensor 7 is, the piezoelectric sensor 7 converts the pressure with the corresponding magnitude into an electric signal, and the electric signal is uploaded to the data processor 10 by the wireless transmission device 9 after digital-to-analog conversion. The data processor 10 calculates the error between the actual part web thickness and the theoretical value according to the received coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web and the deformation information of the lower surface of the web, and uploads the error to the control system 11 of the numerical control machine 12, so that the perfect matching of the thickness measuring system and the numerical control machine 12 is realized, and a good foundation is laid for the numerical control machine 12 to continuously process the part web.

The thickness measuring system is formed by simply combining the measuring head 3, the spring force measuring mechanism 6, the data processor 10, the electric sensor, the digital-to-analog converter 8 and the wireless transmission device 9, the structure and the working principle are simple, the thickness measuring mode is ingenious, the thickness measuring system is particularly suitable for measuring the thickness of the web plate of the large frame-beam part, the measuring result is real and reliable, and a reliable basis is provided for the supplement processing of the web plate of the large frame-beam part by the numerical control machine 12.

Example 3

The embodiment discloses an online monitoring and processing method for the thickness of a web of a large-sized frame beam part, which is a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on a thickness measuring system mechanism in the embodiment 2, and in the step S2, the online measurement for the thickness of the web of the part comprises the following steps:

s21, controlling the main shaft 1 of the numerical control machine 12 to move, moving the side head to the upper surface 4 of the part web, obtaining the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web through the measurement of the measuring head 3, and transmitting the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web to the data processor 10 through the data port; the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web is measured based on a processing coordinate system of the part web, and the coordinate information is mainly a coordinate value on a Z axis (namely a coordinate axis vertical to a processing platform of the numerical control machine 12), namely the coordinate information of the upper surface of the part web is an axial coordinate value Z1 of the upper surface of the part web based on the processing coordinate system;

s22, generating a force signal based on the spring force change of the spring force measuring mechanism 6 caused by the deformation of the lower surface of the web of the part, converting the force signal into a corresponding electric signal by using a pressure sensor, and sending the electric signal to the digital-to-analog converter 8;

s23, converting the received electric signals into analog signals corresponding to the deformation of the lower surface of the web plate of the part by using the digital-to-analog converter 8, and transmitting the analog signals to the data processor 10 by using the wireless transmission device 9, further, the analog signals bear the deformation direction and the deformation amount delta Z of the lower surface of the web plate of the part, and meanwhile, the delta Z takes a positive value when the spring force measuring mechanism 6 is set to extend in the data processor 10 based on an algorithm, otherwise, the delta Z takes a negative value.

Example 4

The embodiment discloses an online monitoring and processing method for the thickness of a web of a large frame beam part, which is a preferred embodiment of the invention, namely based on the embodiment 3, and in the step S3, the method for calculating the corresponding error comprises the following steps: given the theoretical thickness T of the part web, the theoretical axial coordinate value Z2 of the lower surface of the part web has Δ T = T- (Z1- (Z2+ Δ Z)), where Δ T is the error of the actual part web thickness from the theoretical value.

Further, in step S5, the processing is performed along the axial offset Δ T under the processing coordinate system, wherein if Δ T >0, the web processing of the part formed based on the web lifting processing path of the part raises the whole by Δ T; if the delta T is less than 0, the part web processing tool path formed based on the part web lifting tool processing path is reduced by-delta T as a whole.