阅读说明：本技术 一种球体表面等离子弧堆焊方法 (Plasma arc surfacing method for surface of sphere ) 是由 汤丹 袁峰峰 王清清 朱帅全 张剑 夏金燕 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种球体表面等离子弧堆焊方法,将球体固定在球体装夹工装上,用堆焊装置上的卡盘夹紧固定球体装夹工装上的芯轴,在PLC控制系统下,球体的摆动、球体的转动及焊枪的上、下移动,实现了同步、协调的运动,确保球体堆焊区域始终处于水平位置。本发明的有益效果是,实现了“优质、高效、低稀释率”的高能束机械化堆焊,熔敷金属化学成分及硬度值稳定、致密性和使用性能高,熔敷金属与基体之间结合率高,合金粉末利用率高。(A plasma arc bead welding method for the surface of a sphere is characterized in that the sphere is fixed on a sphere clamping tool, a chuck on a bead welding device is used for clamping and fixing a mandrel on the sphere clamping tool, and the sphere swings, rotates and moves up and down a welding gun under a PLC control system, so that synchronous and coordinated movement is realized, and a bead welding area of the sphere is ensured to be in a horizontal position all the time. The invention has the advantages of realizing high-energy beam mechanized surfacing with high quality, high efficiency and low dilution rate, stable chemical components and hardness values of deposited metal, high compactness and usability, high bonding rate between the deposited metal and a substrate and high utilization rate of alloy powder.)

1. A plasma arc surfacing method for a sphere surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the alloy powder with the mesh number of 80-230 in an infrared automatic baking oven, baking for 1h at 150 ℃, and then preserving heat;

step two: cleaning and drying the ball body to remove impurities such as oil stains, burrs, water drops and the like;

step three: fixing a sphere on a sphere clamping tool, wherein the use step of the sphere clamping tool comprises the steps of firstly extending an inner expansion lining pin I into a sphere inner hole to enable the inner expansion lining pin I to be flush with the sphere inner hole, then penetrating a mandrel through the inner expansion lining pin I inner hole to the taper position of the mandrel, secondly inwards arranging the conical end face of an inner expansion lining pin II into the mandrel to enable a conical surface to extend into an inner orifice of the inner expansion lining pin I, and finally tightly fixing the sphere, the inner expansion lining pin I, the inner expansion lining pin II and the mandrel into a whole through nut pre-tightening;

step four: clamping a mandrel on the fixed sphere clamping tool by using a chuck on the surfacing device;

step five: slowly heating the ball body to 150-200 ℃ through a heating box on the surfacing device, and preserving heat for 30 min;

step six: the center of a chuck on the surfacing device is coincided with the center of a welding gun, the sphere swings by 0-90 degrees in the X-axis direction under the action of a reduction box and a shaft I on the surfacing device, the sphere rotates by 0-360 degrees in the Y-axis direction under the action of a speed reducer and a shaft II on the surfacing device, the welding gun moves up and down in the Z-axis direction, and the sphere swings, the sphere rotates and the welding gun moves up and down under a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system, so that synchronous and coordinated movement is realized, and the surfacing area of the sphere is ensured to be in a horizontal position all the time;

step seven: covering the ball body after surfacing in heat-insulating cotton, slowly cooling to below 60 ℃, and then air cooling.

2. The plasma arc surfacing method for the surface of the sphere according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the welding gun and the surface of the sphere is 5-7 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plasma arc surfacing method for a sphere surface.

Background

The ball valve is a pressure pipeline element which takes a ball body as an opening and closing piece and rotates 90 degrees around the axis of a valve rod to realize opening and closing. The dynamic seal between the ball body and the valve seat is the key of ball valve sealing, the surface of the ball body of the existing hard sealing ball valve is usually hardened by adopting an oxyacetylene flame spraying method, deposited metal is thin, chemical components and hardness values are unstable, the bonding rate between the deposited metal and a substrate is low, the peeling phenomenon is easy to occur, the utilization rate of alloy powder is low, the production rate is low, the cost is high, and the labor intensity is high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a plasma arc surfacing method for the surface of a sphere.

The technical scheme of the invention is that a sphere surface plasma arc surfacing method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the alloy powder with the mesh number of 80-230 in an infrared automatic baking oven, baking for 1h at 150 ℃, and then preserving heat;

step two: cleaning and drying the ball body to remove impurities such as oil stains, burrs, water drops and the like;

step three: fixing a sphere on a sphere clamping tool, wherein the using step of the sphere clamping tool comprises the steps of firstly extending an inner expansion lining pin I into a sphere inner hole to enable the inner expansion lining pin I to be flush with the sphere inner hole, then penetrating a mandrel through the inner expansion lining pin I inner hole to the taper position of the mandrel, secondly inwards arranging the conical end face of an inner expansion lining pin II into the mandrel to enable a conical surface to extend into an inner orifice of the inner expansion lining pin I, and finally tightly fixing the sphere, the inner expansion lining pin I, the inner expansion lining pin II and the mandrel into a whole through nut pre-tightening;

step four: clamping a mandrel on the fixed sphere clamping tool by using a chuck on the surfacing device;

step five: slowly heating the ball body to 150-200 ℃ through a heating box on the surfacing device, and preserving heat for 30 min;

step six: the center of a chuck on the surfacing device coincides with the center of a welding gun, the sphere swings for 0-90 degrees in the X-axis direction under the action of a reduction gearbox and a shaft I on the surfacing device, the sphere rotates for 0-360 degrees in the Y-axis direction under the action of a speed reducer and a shaft II on the surfacing device, and the welding gun moves up and down in the Z-axis direction. Under the PLC control system, the swinging of the ball body, the rotation of the ball body and the up-and-down movement of the welding gun realize synchronous and coordinated movement, and ensure that a ball surfacing area is always in a horizontal position;

step seven: covering the ball body after surfacing in heat-insulating cotton, slowly cooling to below 60 ℃, and then air cooling.

Preferably, the distance between the welding gun and the surface of the sphere is 5-7 mm.

The invention has the advantages of realizing high-energy beam mechanical surfacing with high quality, high efficiency and low dilution rate, small heat input and thicker deposited metal. The deposited metal has stable chemical components and hardness values, high compactness and usability, high bonding rate between the deposited metal and the substrate and high utilization rate of the alloy powder.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a welding apparatus;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a sphere clamping tool.

In the figure: 1. a welding gun; 2. a heating box; 3. a chuck; 4. a shaft II; 5. a speed reducer; 6. swinging arms; 7. a shaft I; 8. a reduction gearbox; 9. a sphere; 10. an inner expanding lining pin I; 11. a mandrel; 12. an inner expanding lining pin II; 13. and a nut.

Detailed Description

As shown in the figure, the sphere surface plasma arc surfacing method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the alloy powder with the mesh number of 80-230 in an infrared automatic baking oven, baking for 1h at 150 ℃, and then preserving heat;

step two: cleaning and drying the ball body 9 to remove impurities such as oil stains, burrs, water drops and the like;

step three: fixing a sphere 9 on a sphere clamping tool, wherein the using step of the sphere clamping tool comprises the steps of firstly extending an inner expanding lining pin I10 into an inner hole of the sphere 9 to enable the inner expanding lining pin I10 to be flush with the inner hole of the sphere 9, then enabling a mandrel 11 to pass through the inner hole of the inner expanding lining pin I10 to reach the taper position of the mandrel 11, secondly inwards sleeving the taper end face of a second inner expanding lining pin II 12 into the mandrel 11 to enable the taper face to extend into an inner orifice of the inner expanding lining pin I10, and finally enabling the sphere 9, the inner expanding lining pin I10, the inner expanding lining pin II 12 and the mandrel 11 to be tightly fixed into a whole through pre-tightening of a nut 13;

step four: clamping a mandrel 11 on the fixed ball clamping tool by using a chuck 3 on the surfacing device;

step five: slowly heating the ball 9 to 150-200 ℃ through a heating box 2 on the surfacing device and preserving heat for 30 min;

step six: the center of a chuck 3 on the surfacing device coincides with the center of a welding gun 1, the sphere 9 swings by 0-90 degrees in the X-axis direction under the action of a reduction gearbox 8 and a shaft I7 on the surfacing device, the sphere 9 rotates by 0-360 degrees in the Y-axis direction under the action of a reduction gearbox 5 and a shaft II4 on the surfacing device, and the welding gun 1 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction. Under a PLC control system, the swinging of the ball body 9, the rotation of the ball body 9 and the up-and-down movement of the welding gun 1 realize synchronous and coordinated movement, ensure that a surfacing area of the ball body 9 is always in a horizontal position, ensure that the distance between the welding gun 1 and the surface of the ball body 9 is 5-7 mm, and ensure the surfacing quality;

step seven: and covering the ball 9 after surfacing in heat insulation cotton, slowly cooling to below 60 ℃, and then air cooling.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.