阅读说明：本技术 巷道掘进机找正装置 (Aligning device of roadway heading machine ) 是由 杨波 邓莉 刘晓艳 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种巷道掘进机找正装置,其中,反射单元包括两个竖向的矩形边框,矩形边框上安装有反光板,矩形边框的一竖边与另一矩形边框的一竖边通过铰链相连,矩形边框可沿铰链竖向的枢轴水平转动,两矩形边框之间有一定夹角,两矩形边框的夹角范围内设有用于固定两矩形边框呈夹角状态的锁紧结构。本发明基于背景技术所述专利实施,当掘进机搭载两激光测距仪相对两反光板前进一段距离后,受激光测距仪工作原理的影响,需要调整两反光板的夹角；本发明通过两个铰接的矩形边框来安装反光板,安装和夹角调整都较为方便,并通过锁紧结构来锁定两反光板的夹角以保证测量的准确性。(The invention relates to an alignment device of a tunnel boring machine, wherein a reflection unit comprises two vertical rectangular frames, a reflection plate is arranged on each rectangular frame, one vertical edge of each rectangular frame is connected with one vertical edge of the other rectangular frame through a hinge, the rectangular frames can horizontally rotate along a vertical pivot of the hinge, a certain included angle is formed between the two rectangular frames, and a locking structure for fixing the two rectangular frames in the state of the included angle is arranged in the range of the included angle of the two rectangular frames. The invention is implemented based on the patent of the background technology, when the heading machine carries two laser range finders to advance for a certain distance relative to two reflectors, the included angle of the two reflectors needs to be adjusted under the influence of the working principle of the laser range finders; the invention installs the reflecting plates through the two hinged rectangular frames, is convenient to install and adjust the included angle, and locks the included angle of the two reflecting plates through the locking structure to ensure the accuracy of measurement.)

1. The alignment device of the tunnel boring machine comprises a distance measuring unit and a reflecting unit, wherein the distance measuring unit comprises two laser distance measuring instruments; the method is characterized in that: the reflection unit comprises two vertical rectangular frames, the two rectangular frames are covered with the reflection plates, one vertical side of each rectangular frame is connected with one vertical side of the other rectangular frame through a hinge, the rectangular frames can horizontally rotate along the vertical pivot of the hinge, a certain included angle is formed between the two rectangular frames, and a locking structure used for fixing the two rectangular frames to form an included angle state is arranged in the included angle range of the two rectangular frames.

2. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 1, wherein: the locking structure comprises a locking plate arranged horizontally, two adjusting plates connected with two rectangular frames in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the locking plate, an arc-shaped adjusting groove is formed in the adjusting plate in a penetrating mode, the arc-shaped circle center of the adjusting groove is located on the axis of a pivot shaft vertical to the hinge, a vertical threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the adjusting groove, of the locking plate, a vertical locking bolt is movably arranged in the adjusting groove in a penetrating mode, the head of the locking bolt is located above the adjusting plate, and the rod portion of the locking bolt is located in the threaded hole and in threaded connection with the locking plate.

3. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 2, wherein: the locking structure is provided with a plurality of locking plates at intervals along the vertical direction, and the locking plates are fixedly connected through vertical supporting columns.

4. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 1, wherein: two laser range finders are arranged on the base side by side, and an adjusting frame is arranged between one laser range finder and the base; the adjusting frame comprises an X-direction base, an X-direction sliding block, a Y-direction sliding block and a Z-direction rotary table which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the X-direction base is fixedly arranged on the base, the X-direction sliding block and the X-direction base are in sliding fit and can horizontally and transversely slide, the Y-direction sliding block and the X-direction sliding block are in sliding fit and can horizontally and longitudinally slide, and the Z-direction rotary table is rotatably connected with the Y-direction sliding block and can horizontally rotate.

5. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 4, wherein: a connecting hole which is vertically penetrated is formed in the Y-direction sliding block, a Z-direction rotating shaft which is formed by a protrusion is arranged at the position, corresponding to the connecting hole, of the lower surface of the Z-direction rotating platform, the Z-direction rotating shaft is located in the connecting hole, a torsion spring is sleeved on the Z-direction rotating shaft, and two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected with the Z-direction rotating platform and the Y-direction sliding block; the Z-direction rotary table is of a circular plate structure, a positioning plate formed by extending along a radial bulge is arranged on the circumferential surface of the Z-direction rotary table, a differential head is arranged on one side of the positioning plate, a base body of the differential head is fixedly connected with the Y-direction sliding block, and the positioning plate is abutted against the telescopic end of the differential head under the action of a torsion spring so as to adjust the rotation amplitude of the Z-direction rotary table by rotating the differential head.

6. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 5, wherein: and a clamping bolt is arranged on the other side of the positioning plate, the rod part of the clamping bolt is just opposite to the telescopic end of the differential head, a support plate is arranged on the Y-direction sliding block corresponding to the clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt penetrates through a threaded hole in the support plate to be in threaded connection with the support plate.

7. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 4, wherein: a leveling bubble is arranged on the base; a leveling plate is arranged on the Z-direction rotary table, the corresponding laser range finder is arranged on the leveling plate, and a leveling bubble is also arranged on the laser range finder on the leveling plate; a plurality of studs distributed circumferentially are vertically arranged between the leveling plate and the Z-direction rotary table, the lower ends of the studs are fixedly connected with the Z-direction rotary table, the upper ends of the studs movably penetrate through the leveling plate, leveling nuts are connected to the studs in a threaded manner, and the upper surfaces of the leveling nuts are abutted to the lower surface of the leveling plate.

8. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 4, wherein; the X-direction sliding block and the Y-direction sliding block are respectively provided with a dovetail groove which penetrates through the lower surface in a transverse direction, the two dovetail grooves are perpendicular to each other, the X-direction base and the X-direction sliding block are respectively provided with a dovetail boss which is matched with the corresponding dovetail groove on the upper surface, and the dovetail bosses are located in the corresponding dovetail grooves and are in sliding fit so that the X-direction sliding block and the Y-direction sliding block can slide in a transverse direction.

9. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 8, wherein: the X-direction base and the X-direction sliding block are both internally provided with an installation cavity, a worm is transversely arranged in the installation cavity, and a rod part of the worm extends to the outside of the corresponding X-direction base or X-direction sliding block;

a worm wheel meshed with the worm is further arranged in the mounting cavity, kidney-shaped grooves are formed in the positions, corresponding to the mounting cavity in the X-direction base, of the lower surface of the X-direction sliding block and the positions, corresponding to the mounting cavity in the X-direction sliding block, of the lower surface of the Y-direction sliding block, the length direction of the kidney-shaped grooves in the X-direction sliding block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the X-direction sliding block, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped grooves in the Y-direction sliding block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the Y-direction sliding block; an eccentric wheel is movably arranged in the kidney-shaped groove, the circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel is tangent to two parallel edges of the corresponding kidney-shaped groove, an eccentric shaft is formed on the vertical protrusion of the lower surface of the eccentric wheel, the eccentric shaft is coaxial with the corresponding worm wheel, and the free end of the eccentric shaft extends into the corresponding mounting cavity and is connected with the corresponding worm wheel.

10. The heading machine aligning device according to claim 9, wherein: the axis of the worm arranged in the X-direction base is vertical to the sliding direction of the X-direction sliding block, the axis of the worm arranged in the X-direction sliding block is the same as the sliding direction of the Y-direction sliding block, and the rod part of the worm arranged in the X-direction base, the rod part of the worm arranged in the X-direction sliding block and the fixed end of the differential head face towards the same side.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of a heading machine for an underground roadway, in particular to an alignment device of the heading machine.

Background

In the underground roadway construction, the coal cutting part of the heading machine continuously cuts coal to enable a working face to be propelled, but due to the influence of error accumulation of a sensor, mechanical movement and the like, the conditions that the working face is not straight with a conveyor and is not aligned with a hydraulic support easily occur after coal cutting for a plurality of cycles, namely the actual advancing route of the heading machine deviates from the designed or planned advancing route, and the problems that cutting materials cannot be smoothly transported out, the construction speed is reduced, the construction quality is poor or construction accidents and the like are easily caused.

At present, when a tunneling machine tunnels along the central axis of a roadway, although the direction of the lateral deviation of the tunneling machine can be monitored by a monitoring device of the tunneling machine, the distance of the lateral deviation of the tunneling machine cannot be monitored; therefore, when the traveling route of the heading machine deviates, manual correction is needed, that is, the heading machine is manually controlled to correct the traveling route of the heading machine, but before the manual correction, the heading machine needs to be stopped, then the deviation distance of the heading machine is measured by using a measuring tool, and then the route correction is performed, which causes interruption of a working surface in continuous production, so that not only is the normal production progress easily influenced, but also the construction quality is easily influenced.

Chinese patent CN201610253599.9 automatic alignment method for tunnel boring machine, this patent proposes a method for measuring the offset direction and offset distance of the boring machine, so that the boring machine can realize real-time automatic correction of the advancing route, this patent also discloses the device for realizing this method, this device includes two reflectors which are arranged at the initial calibration point of the tunnel and two laser rangefinders which are arranged on the boring machine and correspond to the two reflectors, the two reflectors are vertical planes and have included angles, the two laser rangefinders are located on the same horizontal plane and the emitted lasers are parallel, the emitting ends of the two laser rangefinders are flush and have a certain lateral spacing; referring to fig. 9, based on the working principle of the laser range finder, when the laser range finder 1 and the reflective plate 62 have different distances, in order to make the laser range finder work normally, the included angle between the two reflective plates is determined by the adaptive angle of the laser range finder, and in combination with the content of the patent, the measurement range of the offset distance is determined by the transverse distance between the two laser range finders and the included angle between the two reflective plates. The laser range finders are directly installed on the tunneling machine, precise calculation needs to be performed on the installation positions, the calculation is complex, the installation is easily affected by the installation precision, and the emitting ends of the two laser range finders are difficult to be flush and the emitted lasers are difficult to be parallel; it is difficult to directly install the reflector in the tunnel; in subsequent use, when the transverse distance between the two laser range finders and the included angle between the two reflectors need to be adjusted, the calculation and installation need to be carried out again, which is troublesome and easily affects the construction progress.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the aligning device of the tunnel boring machine, which solves the problems that the reflector is difficult to directly install in a tunnel and the subsequent included angle is inconvenient to adjust, and achieves the effects of convenient installation and simple use.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the alignment device of the tunnel boring machine comprises a distance measuring unit and a reflecting unit, wherein the distance measuring unit comprises two laser distance measuring instruments; the reflection unit comprises two vertical rectangular frames, the two rectangular frames are covered with the reflection plates, one vertical side of each rectangular frame is connected with one vertical side of the other rectangular frame through a hinge, the rectangular frames can horizontally rotate along the vertical pivot of the hinge, a certain included angle is formed between the two rectangular frames, and a locking structure used for fixing the two rectangular frames to form an included angle state is arranged in the included angle range of the two rectangular frames.

Furthermore, the locking structure comprises a locking plate which is horizontally arranged, two adjusting plates which are connected with the two rectangular frames in a one-to-one correspondence mode are arranged on the locking plate, an arc-shaped adjusting groove penetrates through the adjusting plates, the arc-shaped circle center of the adjusting groove is located on the axis of a pivot which is vertical to the hinge, a vertical threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the adjusting groove, of the locking plate, a vertical locking bolt penetrates through the adjusting groove in a movable mode, the head of the locking bolt is located above the adjusting plate, and the rod portion of the locking bolt is located in the threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the locking plate.

Furthermore, the locking structure is provided with a plurality of locking plates at intervals along the vertical direction, and the locking plates are fixedly connected through vertical supporting columns.

Furthermore, two laser range finders are arranged on the base side by side, and an adjusting frame is arranged between one laser range finder and the base; the adjusting frame comprises an X-direction base, an X-direction sliding block, a Y-direction sliding block and a Z-direction rotary table which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the X-direction base is fixedly arranged on the base, the X-direction sliding block and the X-direction base are in sliding fit and can horizontally and transversely slide, the Y-direction sliding block and the X-direction sliding block are in sliding fit and can horizontally and longitudinally slide, and the Z-direction rotary table is rotatably connected with the Y-direction sliding block and can horizontally rotate.

Furthermore, a connecting hole which is vertically penetrated is formed in the Y-direction sliding block, a Z-direction rotating shaft which is formed by a protrusion is arranged at the position, corresponding to the connecting hole, of the lower surface of the Z-direction rotating platform, the Z-direction rotating shaft is located in the connecting hole, a torsion spring is sleeved on the Z-direction rotating shaft, and two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected with the Z-direction rotating platform and the Y-direction sliding block; the Z-direction rotary table is of a circular plate structure, a positioning plate formed by extending along a radial bulge is arranged on the circumferential surface of the Z-direction rotary table, a differential head is arranged on one side of the positioning plate, a base body of the differential head is fixedly connected with the Y-direction sliding block, and the positioning plate is abutted against the telescopic end of the differential head under the action of a torsion spring so as to adjust the rotation amplitude of the Z-direction rotary table by rotating the differential head.

Furthermore, a clamping bolt is arranged on the other side of the positioning plate, the rod part of the clamping bolt is opposite to the telescopic end of the differential head, a support plate is arranged on the Y-direction sliding block corresponding to the clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt penetrates through a threaded hole in the support plate to be in threaded connection with the support plate.

Furthermore, a leveling bubble is arranged on the base; a leveling plate is arranged on the Z-direction rotary table, the corresponding laser range finder is arranged on the leveling plate, and a leveling bubble is also arranged on the laser range finder on the leveling plate; a plurality of studs distributed circumferentially are vertically arranged between the leveling plate and the Z-direction rotary table, the lower ends of the studs are fixedly connected with the Z-direction rotary table, the upper ends of the studs movably penetrate through the leveling plate, leveling nuts are connected to the studs in a threaded manner, and the upper surfaces of the leveling nuts are abutted to the lower surface of the leveling plate.

Furthermore, the lower surfaces of the X-direction sliding block and the Y-direction sliding block are respectively provided with a dovetail groove which penetrates through in the transverse direction and the two dovetail grooves are perpendicular to each other, the upper surfaces of the X-direction base and the X-direction sliding block are respectively provided with a dovetail boss which is matched with the corresponding dovetail groove, and the dovetail bosses are located in the corresponding dovetail grooves and are in sliding fit so that the X-direction sliding block and the Y-direction sliding block can slide in the transverse direction.

Furthermore, mounting cavities are formed in the X-direction base and the X-direction sliding block, a worm is transversely arranged in each mounting cavity, and a rod part of each worm extends to the outside of the corresponding X-direction base or the corresponding X-direction sliding block;

a worm wheel meshed with the worm is further arranged in the mounting cavity, kidney-shaped grooves are formed in the positions, corresponding to the mounting cavity in the X-direction base, of the lower surface of the X-direction sliding block and the positions, corresponding to the mounting cavity in the X-direction sliding block, of the lower surface of the Y-direction sliding block, the length direction of the kidney-shaped grooves in the X-direction sliding block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the X-direction sliding block, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped grooves in the Y-direction sliding block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the Y-direction sliding block; an eccentric wheel is movably arranged in the kidney-shaped groove, the circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel is tangent to two parallel edges of the corresponding kidney-shaped groove, an eccentric shaft is formed on the vertical protrusion of the lower surface of the eccentric wheel, the eccentric shaft is coaxial with the corresponding worm wheel, and the free end of the eccentric shaft extends into the corresponding mounting cavity and is connected with the corresponding worm wheel.

Furthermore, the axis of the worm arranged in the X-direction base is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the X-direction sliding block, the axis of the worm arranged in the X-direction sliding block is the same as the sliding direction of the Y-direction sliding block, and the rod part of the worm arranged in the X-direction base, the rod part of the worm arranged in the X-direction sliding block and the fixed end of the differential head face to the same side.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method is implemented based on the patent of the background technology, when the heading machine carries two laser range finders to advance for a certain distance relative to two reflectors, the included angle of the two reflectors needs to be adjusted to ensure that the offset distance can be continuously measured under the influence of the working principle of the laser range finders; the fixed reflector is installed through the two hinged rectangular frames, the installation and the included angle adjustment are both convenient, and the included angle of the two reflectors is locked through the locking structure, so that the included angle of the two reflectors cannot be changed in a severe use environment, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflection unit according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a distance measuring unit according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an adjustment bracket and a corresponding laser rangefinder according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a side view (in partial cross-section) of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a front view (in partial section) of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a top view (partially in section) of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the adaptive angle of the laser range finder and the included angle of the reflector in the prior art;

the laser range finder comprises a laser range finder 1, a base 2, a bracket 21, a level bubble 22, an X-direction base 31, an X-direction slider 32, a Y-direction slider 33, a Z-direction rotary table 34, a torsion spring 36, a positioning plate 37, a differential head 38, a connecting plate 39, a clamping bolt 41, a support plate 42, a leveling plate 43, a stud 44, a leveling nut 45, a dovetail groove 46, a dovetail boss 47, a mounting cavity 51, a worm 52, a worm wheel 53, a kidney-shaped groove 54, an eccentric wheel 55, an eccentric shaft 56, a screw 57, a knob 58, a rectangular frame 61, a light reflecting plate 62, a cross rod 63, a vertical rod 64, a locking plate 71, an adjusting plate 72, an adjusting groove 73, a locking bolt 74 and a support column 75.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1, the alignment device of the tunnel boring machine comprises a distance measuring unit and a reflecting unit, wherein the distance measuring unit comprises two laser distance measuring instruments 1; the reflection unit comprises two vertical rectangular frames 61, the two rectangular frames 61 are all covered with a reflection plate 62, a vertical edge of each rectangular frame 61 is connected with a vertical edge of the other rectangular frame 61 through a hinge, the rectangular frames 61 can horizontally rotate along the vertical pivot of the hinge, a certain included angle is formed between the two rectangular frames 61, and a locking structure used for fixing the two rectangular frames 61 to form an included angle state is arranged in the included angle range of the two rectangular frames 61.

In this embodiment, be equipped with the horizontal pole 63 of many intervals equipartitions between two perpendicular limits of rectangular frame, be equipped with many interval distribution's montant 64 between two horizontal limits of rectangular frame, make rectangular frame 61 be latticed, structural strength can promote to avoid leading to the speculum to collapse garrulous condition because of rectangular frame 61 distortion.

The invention is implemented based on the patent of the background technology, when the heading machine carries two laser range finders 1 to advance for a certain distance relative to two reflecting plates 62, the included angle of the two reflecting plates 62 needs to be adjusted to ensure that the offset distance can be continuously measured under the influence of the working principle of the laser range finder 1; the fixed reflecting plates 62 are arranged through the two hinged rectangular frames 61, the installation and the included angle adjustment are convenient, and the included angle of the two reflecting plates 62 is locked through the locking structure, so that the included angle of the two reflecting plates 62 cannot be changed in a severe use environment, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1, preferably, the locking structure includes a locking plate 71 horizontally disposed, two adjusting plates 72 correspondingly connected to the two rectangular frames 61 one by one are disposed on the locking plate 71, an arc-shaped adjusting slot 73 is disposed through the adjusting plates 72, an arc-shaped circle center of the adjusting slot 73 is located on an axis of a vertical pivot of the hinge, a vertical threaded hole is disposed on the locking plate 71 corresponding to the adjusting slot 73, a vertical locking bolt 74 is movably disposed in the adjusting slot 73 in a penetrating manner, a head of the locking bolt 74 is located above the adjusting plate 72, and a rod of the locking bolt 74 is located in the threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the locking plate 71.

Like this, when needs adjustment contained angle, can unscrew locking bolt 74, adjusting plate 72 is along with corresponding rectangular frame circumference slip on locking plate 71, and after the adjustment contained angle finishes, screws up locking bolt 74, and locking bolt 74 is taut adjusting plate 72 and locking plate 71, makes the contained angle of two rectangular frames fixed, ensures the measuring accuracy.

Referring to fig. 1, preferably, a plurality of locking structures are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, and the locking plates 71 are fixedly connected through vertical supporting columns 75; the number of the locking structures is two in the embodiment.

Therefore, the two rectangular frames are connected through a plurality of locking structures, so that the structural strength of the reflecting unit can be enhanced; the upright posts connect the locking structures into a whole, so that the structural strength of the reflecting unit is further enhanced to adapt to severe construction environments.

Referring to fig. 2, preferably, two laser range finders 1 are arranged on a base 2 side by side, and an adjusting frame is arranged between one laser range finder 1 and the base 2;

referring to fig. 3, the adjusting bracket includes an X-direction base 31, an X-direction slider 32, a Y-direction slider 33 and a Z-direction turntable 34, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top, the X-direction base 31 is fixedly disposed on the base 2, the X-direction slider 32 is slidably engaged with the X-direction base 31 and can horizontally slide, the Y-direction slider 33 is slidably engaged with the X-direction slider 32 and can horizontally slide longitudinally, and the Z-direction turntable 34 is rotatably connected with the Y-direction slider 33 and can horizontally rotate;

referring to fig. 3-5, a vertically penetrating connecting hole is formed in the Y-directional slider 33, a Z-directional rotating shaft formed by a protrusion is arranged at a position of the lower surface of the Z-directional rotating table 34 corresponding to the connecting hole, the Z-directional rotating shaft is located in the connecting hole, a torsion spring 36 is sleeved on the Z-directional rotating shaft, and two ends of the torsion spring 36 are respectively connected with the Z-directional rotating table 34 and the Y-directional slider 33; the Z-direction rotating platform 34 is of a circular plate structure, a positioning plate 37 which is formed by extending along a radial direction protrusion is arranged on the circumferential surface of the Z-direction rotating platform 34, a differential head 38 is arranged on one side of the positioning plate 37, the base body of the differential head 38 is fixedly connected with the Y-direction sliding block 33, and the positioning plate 37 is kept in butt joint with the telescopic end of the differential head 38 under the action of a torsion spring 36 so as to adjust the rotating amplitude of the Z-direction rotating platform 34 by rotating the differential head 38.

In the process of assembling the distance measuring unit, when the adjusting frame is installed on the base 2, the sliding direction of the X-direction sliding block 32 or the Y-direction sliding block 33 in the adjusting frame is parallel to the direction of the other laser distance measuring instrument 1 as much as possible, when the corresponding laser distance measuring instrument 1 is installed on the Z-direction rotating table 34, the directions of the laser distance measuring instrument 1 and the other laser distance measuring instrument 1 are parallel as much as possible, the torsion spring 36 stores certain energy, and the telescopic end of the differential ruler is abutted against the positioning plate 37 to prevent the energy of the torsion spring 36 from being released;

in the initial state of the distance measuring unit, the two laser distance measuring instruments 1 are parallel or nearly parallel, and the two transverse adjusting directions of the adjusting frame correspond to the adjustment of the front and back positions and the spacing distance of the laser distance measuring instruments 1 respectively, and the torsion spring 36 drives the Z-direction rotary table 34 to rotate towards the direction of the micrometer, so that the Z-direction rotary table 34 is prevented from rotating randomly; therefore, after the ranging unit is conveniently installed on the heading machine, the Z-direction rotary table 34 can rotate in a small range by screwing the differential head 38, the orientation of the corresponding laser range finder 1 is finely adjusted, the two laser range finders 1 are parallel, and the front and back positions and the spacing distance of the laser range finders 1 can be conveniently adjusted by the transverse sliding of the X-direction sliding block 32 and the Y-direction sliding block 33.

In this embodiment, another laser range finder 1 is mounted on the base 2 through a bracket 21, and the bracket 21 is as high as the adjusting bracket, so that the mounting heights of the laser range finder 1 and the laser range finder 1 mounted through the adjusting bracket are equal, and the two laser range finders 1 are ensured to be located on the same horizontal plane;

the connecting hole is a two-section type stepped hole, the large-diameter section of the stepped hole faces downwards, the Z-direction rotating shaft is located in the small-diameter section of the stepped hole, one end of a Z torsion spring 36 is fixedly connected with the Z-direction rotating shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring 36 is fixedly connected with the hole wall of the stepped hole;

the inner diameter of the torsion spring 36 is matched with the Z-direction rotating shaft, and the outer diameter of the torsion spring 36 is matched with the small-diameter section of the stepped hole, so that the Z-direction rotating shaft is prevented from shaking in the small-diameter section of the stepped hole due to vibration of the heading machine in the construction process; a connecting plate 39 is arranged in the large-diameter section of the stepped hole, the connecting plate 39 is fixedly connected with the Z-direction rotating shaft, and the connecting plate 39 is abutted against the stepped surface in the stepped hole, so that the Z-direction rotating shaft is prevented from being separated upwards from the small-diameter section of the stepped hole due to vibration of the heading machine in the construction process;

the two ends of the torsion spring 36 are not necessarily fixed completely, and only the torsion spring 36 can store and release energy through the Z-direction rotating shaft; in this embodiment, a limiting groove (not shown) is formed on the step surface of the Z-direction turntable 34 and the step hole, and two ends of the torsion spring 36 are respectively disposed in the corresponding limiting grooves.

Thus, the X-direction base 31 is used for supporting the X-direction slider 32 to slide, the X-direction slider 32 is used as a slider and also used as a Y-direction base for supporting the Y-direction slider 33 to slide, and the X-direction base 31, the X-direction slider 32 and the Y-direction slider 33 can be vertically overlapped and combined by two lead screw guide rails, linear rack guide rails and the like; the differential head 38 is an adjusting device on measuring tools such as a micrometer screw, a micrometer and the like, and is the prior art; the two laser range finders 1 are installed on the tunneling machine together through the base 2, and the two laser range finders 1 are ensured to be positioned on the same horizontal plane; an adjusting frame is arranged between one laser range finder 1 and the base 2, so that the front and back positions and the spacing distance of the laser range finder 1 can be conveniently adjusted based on the transverse sliding of the other laser range finder 1 through the X-direction sliding block 32 and the Y-direction sliding block 33, and the emission ends of the two laser range finders 1 are enabled to be flush and the measuring range of the device is adjusted; conveniently, the Z-direction rotary table 34 is rotated by screwing the differential head 38 based on the other laser range finder 1 so as to adjust the two laser range finders 1 to be parallel; compared with the laser range finder 1 directly mounted on the heading machine, the range finding unit is simpler and more effective to mount and adjust subsequently.

Referring to fig. 3, preferably, a clamping bolt 41 is disposed on the other side of the positioning plate 37, a rod portion of the clamping bolt 41 faces the telescopic end of the differential head 38, a support plate 42 is disposed on the Y-direction slider 33 at a position corresponding to the clamping bolt 41, and the clamping bolt 41 penetrates through a threaded hole in the support plate 42 to be in threaded connection with the support plate 42.

Thus, the extension length of the telescopic end of the differential head 38 is adjusted by screwing, the telescopic end of the differential head 38 drives the Z-direction rotary table 34 to rotate through the positioning plate 37 so as to finely adjust the orientation of the corresponding laser range finder 1, the parallelism of two laser range finders is measured by means of a parallel measuring tool, and after the two laser range finders are adjusted to be parallel, the clamping bolt 41 can be screwed so that the positioning plate 37 is clamped and fixed by the clamping bolt 41 and the telescopic end of the differential head 38, so that the problem that the Z-direction rotary table 34 slightly rotates in a reciprocating manner due to the vibration of the heading machine to cause measurement errors or measurement failure is avoided.

Referring to fig. 2-4, preferably, a leveling bubble 22 is disposed on the base 2; a leveling plate 43 is arranged on the Z-direction rotary table 34, the corresponding laser range finder 1 is arranged on the leveling plate 43, and a leveling bubble 22 is also arranged on the laser range finder 1 on the leveling plate 43; a plurality of studs 44 which are distributed circumferentially are vertically arranged between the leveling plate 43 and the Z-direction rotary table 34, the lower ends of the studs 44 are fixedly connected with the Z-direction rotary table 34, the upper ends of the studs 44 movably penetrate through the leveling plate 43, leveling nuts 45 are connected to the studs 44 in a threaded manner, and the upper surfaces of the leveling nuts 45 are abutted to the lower surface of the leveling plate 43; in the present embodiment, the number of the studs 44 is three. In practice, a locking nut (not shown) may be added between the head of the stud 44 and the upper surface of the leveling plate 43 for locking the leveling plate 43 after leveling with the leveling nut 45 to prevent the leveling plate 43 from moving up and down.

Thus, the base 2 is ensured to be installed horizontally through the leveling bubble 22, but under the influence of the processing and installation precision of the adjusting frame, the situation that the two laser distance meters 1 are still not positioned on the same horizontal plane or the laser distance meters 1 arranged on the adjusting frame are inclined possibly occurs, and further the situation of measurement errors or measurement errors is caused; the height or levelness of the leveling plate 43 is adjusted by screwing the leveling nut 45, and the installation accuracy of the two laser distance measuring instruments 1 is ensured by matching with the leveling bubble 22 and the height measuring tool on the corresponding laser distance measuring.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, preferably, the lower surfaces of the X-direction slider 32 and the Y-direction slider 33 are respectively provided with a dovetail groove 46 passing through in the transverse direction, the two dovetail grooves 46 are perpendicular to each other, the upper surfaces of the X-direction base 31 and the X-direction slider 32 are respectively provided with a dovetail boss 47 matching with the corresponding dovetail groove 46, and the dovetail bosses 47 are located in the corresponding dovetail grooves 46 and are in sliding fit so that the X-direction slider 32 and the Y-direction slider 33 can slide in the transverse direction.

Thus, the sliding fit between the X-direction base 31 and the X-direction slider 32 and the sliding fit between the X-direction slider 32 and the Y-direction slider 33 are limited by the matching of the dovetail groove 46 and the dovetail boss 47, so that the connection between the X-direction base 31 and the X-direction slider 32 and the connection between the X-direction slider 32 and the Y-direction slider 33 are more reliable, and the situation of vertical shaking or upward falling is avoided.

Referring to fig. 6-8, preferably, both the X-direction base 31 and the X-direction slider 32 are provided with a mounting cavity 51, a worm 52 is transversely provided in the mounting cavity 51, and a rod portion of the worm 52 extends to the outside of the corresponding X-direction base 31 or X-direction slider 32;

a worm wheel 53 meshed with the worm 52 is further arranged in the mounting cavity 51, the lower surface of the X-direction slider 32 is provided with a kidney-shaped groove 54 at a position corresponding to the mounting cavity 51 in the X-direction base 31 and the lower surface of the Y-direction slider 33 is provided with a kidney-shaped groove 54 at a position corresponding to the mounting cavity 51 in the X-direction slider 32, the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove 54 on the X-direction slider 32 is vertical to the sliding direction of the X-direction slider 32, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped groove 54 on the Y-direction slider 33 is vertical to the sliding direction of the Y-direction slider 33; an eccentric wheel 55 is movably arranged in the kidney-shaped groove 54, the circumferential surface of the eccentric wheel 55 is tangent to two parallel edges of the corresponding kidney-shaped groove 54, an eccentric shaft 56 is formed on the vertical protrusion of the lower surface of the eccentric wheel 55, the eccentric shaft 56 is coaxial with the corresponding worm wheel 53, and the free end of the eccentric shaft 56 extends into the corresponding mounting cavity 51 and is connected with the corresponding worm wheel 53; namely, the same structure is adopted at B and C in FIG. 6, and the section in FIG. 8 is a diagram of the position relationship between the waist-shaped groove 54 in the X-direction slider 32 and the corresponding eccentric wheel 55.

In this embodiment, the worm wheel 53 is connected to the eccentric shaft 56 by a screw 57 penetrating from bottom to top; the axis of the worm 52 arranged in the X-direction base 31 is vertical to the sliding direction of the X-direction slide block 32, the axis of the worm 52 arranged in the X-direction slide block 32 is the same as the sliding direction of the Y-direction slide block 33, and the fixed ends of the rod part of the worm 52 arranged in the X-direction base 31, the rod part of the worm 52 arranged in the X-direction slide block 32 and the differential head 38 face the same side; to facilitate threading of worm 52, a toothed knob 58 is also provided at the end of the shaft of worm 52.

Thus, in order to drive the X-direction sliding block 32 and the Y-direction sliding block 33 to both adopt the form of combining the worm wheel 53 and the worm 52 with the cam mechanism, the worm 52 is rotated to drive the worm wheel 53 to rotate, and further drive the eccentric wheel 55 to rotate, and under the matching action of the eccentric wheel 55 and the kidney-shaped groove 54, the X-direction sliding block 32 and the Y-direction sliding block 33 are driven to slide; the positions of the adjusting handles are dispersed by two vertically crossed and combined ball screw guide rails, while in the embodiment, the orientation of the worm 52 is not limited, and the rod part of the worm 52 and the fixed end of the differential head 38 are arranged on one side of the adjusting frame away from the other laser range finder 1, so that the laser range finder is convenient to mount, adjust and use; the accuracy of the adjustment of the rack and pinion guide is affected by the size of the gear and rack and is not as accurate as the combination of the worm wheel 53, worm 52 and cam mechanism.

When the aligning device for the tunnel boring machine is used, the distance measuring unit is installed on the tunnel boring machine, the direction of the laser distance measuring instrument is opposite to the advancing direction of the tunnel boring machine, the reflecting unit is installed in the tunnel and is opposite to the distance measuring unit, the included angle between the two reflecting plates is the same as the direction of the laser distance measuring instrument, and the method for measuring the lateral offset direction and the distance of the tunnel boring machine by the aligning device for the tunnel boring machine is referred to the patent mentioned in the background technology.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.