阅读说明：本技术 3d打印隧道模型制作辅助装置和模型制作方法 (3D printing tunnel model making auxiliary device and model making method ) 是由 蒋力帅 王鑫哲 王文海 张培鹏 张广超 连小勇 于 2021-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种3D打印隧道模型制作辅助装置和模型制作方法,涉及岩体工程测试技术领域,制作辅助装置包括能够伸入物理模型的隧洞口中的主杆和插锚机构,插锚机构包括安装于主杆上的进给组件和动力组件,进给组件包括固定于主杆的固定件和转动设置的转动件,动力组件用于带动转动件转动；锚杆表面沿轴向设有贯通的开槽,转动件用于与锚杆螺纹连接,固定件上设有用于锚杆穿过的穿孔,穿孔与转动件上的螺孔同轴设置,固定件设有用于与锚杆上的开槽配合以限制锚杆周向转动的限位棱；模型制作方法包括整体打印模型基体和利用辅助装置将锚杆插入到模型基体的锚孔。该申请能够提高岩体物理模型进行实验模拟数据反映实际工程符合度的优点。(The manufacturing auxiliary device comprises a main rod and an anchor inserting mechanism, wherein the main rod can extend into a tunnel opening of a physical model, the anchor inserting mechanism comprises a feeding assembly and a power assembly, the feeding assembly comprises a fixing piece fixed on the main rod and a rotating piece arranged in a rotating mode, and the power assembly is used for driving the rotating piece to rotate; the surface of the anchor rod is axially provided with a through open slot, the rotating part is used for being in threaded connection with the anchor rod, the fixing part is provided with a through hole for the anchor rod to pass through, the through hole and a screw hole on the rotating part are coaxially arranged, and the fixing part is provided with a limiting edge which is used for being matched with the open slot on the anchor rod to limit the circumferential rotation of the anchor rod; the model making method comprises the steps of integrally printing a model base body and inserting an anchor rod into an anchor hole of the model base body by using an auxiliary device. The method and the device can improve the advantage that the rock physical model carries out experimental simulation data to reflect the actual engineering conformity.)

1. The utility model provides a 3D prints tunnel model preparation auxiliary device which characterized in that: the anchor inserting mechanism comprises a main rod (2) and an anchor inserting mechanism (3), wherein the main rod (2) can extend into a tunnel opening (61) of a physical model, the anchor inserting mechanism (3) comprises a feeding assembly and a power assembly, the feeding assembly is arranged on the main rod (2), the feeding assembly comprises a fixing piece (36) fixed on the main rod (2) and a rotating piece (35) which is rotatably arranged, and the power assembly is used for driving the rotating piece (35) to rotate; stock (5) surface is equipped with fluting (51) that link up along the axial, rotate piece (35) be used for with stock (5) threaded connection, be equipped with the perforation that is used for stock (5) to pass on mounting (36), perforation and the coaxial setting of screw on rotating piece (35), mounting (36) are equipped with be used for with the stock (5) on fluting (51) cooperation in order to restrict stock (5) circumferential direction spacing arris (361).

2. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the main rod (2) is provided with scales along the length direction of the main rod (2).

3. 3D-printed tunnel modelling aid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: physical model makes auxiliary device still includes supporting mechanism (1), supporting mechanism (1) includes base (11) and support (12), support (12) can slide and fixed position from top to bottom base (11) relatively, mobile jib (2) support in support (12) and with support (12) along mobile jib (2) length direction relative slip.

4. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 3, wherein: the support (12) comprises an arc-shaped part matched with the profile of the tunnel opening (61) of the physical model, the arc-shaped part is provided with a mounting seat (4) which slides relatively and is fixed along the arc surface of the arc-shaped part, and the main rod (2) is clamped on the mounting seat (4); the arc-shaped part is provided with angle scales, the mounting base (4) is provided with a pointer (42), and the direction of the pointer (42) is parallel to the axis of the through hole in the fixing part (36).

5. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 4, wherein: the section of the arc-shaped part is rectangular, the arc-shaped part is positioned on the outer arc surface and is provided with a sliding groove (122), and the end surface of the arc-shaped part is provided with a strip hole (123) communicated with the sliding groove (122) along the circumferential direction; the mounting seat (4) and the sliding groove (122) slide relatively, a threaded column extending out of the strip hole (123) is fixed on the mounting seat (4), and a nut is connected to the threaded column in a threaded mode.

6. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 4, wherein: the surface of the main rod (2) is provided with a guide groove (21) along the length direction of the main rod (2), and the mounting seat (4) is fixedly provided with a guide block (41) matched with the guide groove (21).

7. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 3, wherein: the one end of base (11) is uncovered and inside is equipped with the cavity, the tip of support (12) stretches into in the cavity of base (11) and relative slip, be equipped with elastic component (111) in the cavity of base (11).

8. The 3D-printed tunnel modeling assistance device of claim 1, wherein: the feeding assembly is arranged at one end of the main rod (2), the power assembly comprises a micro motor (31) or a hand wheel arranged at the other end of the main rod (2) and a transmission structure, and the transmission structure is any one or two of a belt transmission structure, a chain transmission structure or a gear transmission structure.

9. A manufacturing method of a 3D printing rock physical model is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

integrally 3D printing a sand mold model matrix (6), wherein the model matrix (6) is provided with a tunnel opening (61) and a plurality of anchor holes (62) positioned on the inner wall of the tunnel opening (61);

inserting the anchor rods (5) into the anchor holes (62) of the model base body (6) using the 3D-printed tunnel modelling aid of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing, in particular to a 3D printing tunnel model making auxiliary device and a model making method.

Background

The rock mass often contains complicated internal structure characteristics, such as criss-cross joint cracks and holes with different shapes, the defects directly influence the deformation and the strength of the whole rock mass and are directly related to the stability in rock mass engineering. In order to research the macroscopic mechanical property and deformation and damage characteristics of a rock mass with an artificial structure, an indoor physical model experiment mode is generally adopted in the prior art. However, in the numerical simulation process of the traditional indoor physical simulation experiment, the complex engineering rock mass structure is often simplified and processed, so that the model and the real rock mass have large deviation.

With the development of the 3D printing technology, researchers print a model with the same internal void characteristics as sandstone by using plastic by combining the CT imaging technology and the 3D printing technology, but the difference between the plastic and the rock mass material is large, and the test simulation data has low conformity with the actual engineering. Later researchers replace plastics with gypsum, print out the physical model of gypsum material and test, the effect has higher promotion.

With respect to the above-described related art, the inventors consider that the following drawbacks exist: for the physical model of tunnel form, the tunnel mouth is less after 3D wholly prints, and the staff can't stretch into the tunnel mouth and carry out inserting of stock and put, so the model is gone on for the mode of no anchor bolt support when carrying out the experiment, nevertheless has the anchor bolt support in the actual engineering, and the simulated data still has the deviation with the engineering actual conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the problem that the actual engineering conformity of 3D printing rock physical model test simulation data reflection is low, the application provides a 3D printing tunnel model making auxiliary device and model making method.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a 3D printing tunnel model making auxiliary device that adopts the following technical solution:

A3D printing tunnel model manufacturing auxiliary device comprises a main rod and an anchor inserting mechanism, wherein the main rod can extend into a tunnel opening of a physical model, the anchor inserting mechanism comprises a feeding assembly and a power assembly, the feeding assembly is installed on the main rod, the feeding assembly comprises a fixing piece fixed on the main rod and a rotating piece arranged in a rotating mode, and the power assembly is used for driving the rotating piece to rotate; the stock surface is equipped with the fluting that link up along the axial, rotate the piece be used for with stock threaded connection, be equipped with the perforation that is used for the stock to pass on the mounting, perforation and the coaxial setting of screw on rotating the piece, the mounting be equipped with be used for with the stock on the fluting cooperation with the spacing arris of restriction stock circumferential direction.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pass the perforation of mounting at the outside with the stock of physical model, the spacing arris on fluting on the stock and the mounting aligns, and the tip of stock stretches into and rotates the piece in, makes the tip of stock flush or expose the segment with the perforation tip of mounting through the rotation piece. Then will feed subassembly and stock through the mobile jib and stretch into the tunnel portal of physical model, after the stock removed and aligns with the anchor eye in the physical model, drive through power component and rotate a rotation, because rotate piece and stock threaded connection, the stock is by spacing arris restriction circumferential direction for the stock inserts in the anchor eye of physical model along the directional removal of perforation axis.

Optionally, the surface of the main rod is provided with scales along the length direction of the main rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, will feed the subassembly through the mobile jib and stretch into in the tunnel mouth, can judge according to the scale on the mobile jib and stretch into the position, according to the position data that sets up of anchor eye in the physical model when three-dimensional modeling, can make things convenient for quick stretch into the anchor rod anchor eye position.

Optionally, the physical model making auxiliary device further comprises a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises a base and a support, the support can slide up and down relative to the base and is fixed in position, and the main rod is supported on the support and slides relative to the support along the length direction of the main rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the mobile jib reduces the mobile jib and rocks on the support, removes the mobile jib in-process, is favorable to the stock to align with physical model's anchor eye. In the process that the anchor rod is inserted into the anchor hole, the possibility that the anchor rod is inserted to cause a new crack due to the shaking of the main rod is reduced.

Optionally, the support includes an arc-shaped portion adapted to the tunnel portal profile of the physical model, the arc-shaped portion is provided with a mounting seat which slides and is fixed relatively along the arc surface of the arc-shaped portion, and the main rod is clamped to the mounting seat; the arc-shaped part is provided with angle scales, the mounting base is provided with a pointer, and the direction of the pointer is parallel to the axis of the through hole in the fixing part.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because can know the axial contained angle of every anchor eye during three-dimensional modeling, the mobile jib can judge the axis direction of stock along the mount pad when sliding along arc portion, convenient quick adjustment stock aligns with the anchor eye through the pointer.

Optionally, the cross section of the arc-shaped part is rectangular, the arc-shaped part is positioned on the outer arc surface and provided with a sliding chute, and the end surface of the arc-shaped part is provided with a strip hole communicated with the sliding chute along the circumferential direction; the mounting seat slides relative to the sliding groove, a threaded column extending out of the strip hole is fixed on the mounting seat, and a nut is connected to the threaded column in a threaded mode.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the mount pad can slide along the spout after unscrewing the nut, and the screw thread post removes in the slotted hole that corresponds, screws up the nut after the mount pad position accords with needs, and easy operation is convenient.

Optionally, the mobile jib surface is equipped with the guide way along mobile jib length direction, the mount pad sets firmly the guide block with guide way complex.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the guide way can not take place to rotate and rock with the guide block cooperation when the mobile jib removes, improve the stock and insert the stability of operation.

Optionally, one end of the base is open, a cavity is formed in the base, the end of the support extends into the cavity of the base and slides relatively, and an elastic piece is arranged in the cavity of the base.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, push down the support, the whole appurtenance's in elastic component pressurized back high decline is favorable to the mounting to separate from the stock, convenient operation.

Optionally, the feeding assembly is installed at one end of the main rod, the power assembly comprises a micro motor or a hand wheel installed at the other end of the main rod and a transmission structure, and the transmission structure is any one or two of a belt transmission structure, a chain transmission structure or a gear transmission structure.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rotation piece is realized rotating in the convenient drive of micro motor or hand wheel homoenergetic, simple structure, and the installation is maintained conveniently.

In a second aspect, the application provides a method for manufacturing a 3D printed rock physical model, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a manufacturing method of a 3D printed rock physical model comprises the following steps:

integrally 3D printing a sand mold model matrix, wherein the model matrix is provided with a tunnel opening and a plurality of anchor holes positioned on the inner wall of the tunnel opening;

and inserting the anchor rod into the anchor hole of the model base body by using the 3D printing tunnel model manufacturing auxiliary device.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sand is closer to the structural components of the rock mass, and the integrally printed model matrix reduces the possibility that the gap between each module of the assembled model influences the experimental result. The auxiliary device inserts the stock and fixes to the anchor eye in, and the actual engineering state of simulation that can be more true, test simulation data reflect that the engineering is actual more to conform.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

the anchor rod passes the perforation of mounting at the physical model outside earlier, and the fluting on the anchor rod aligns with spacing arris on the mounting, and the tip of anchor rod stretches into and rotates the piece in, makes the tip of anchor rod flush or expose the segment with the perforation tip of mounting through rotating the piece. Then will feed subassembly and stock through the mobile jib and stretch into the tunnel portal of physical model, after the stock removed and aligns with the anchor eye in the physical model, drive through power component and rotate a rotation, because rotate piece and stock threaded connection, the stock is by spacing arris restriction circumferential direction for the stock inserts in the anchor eye of physical model along the directional removal of perforation axis. The actual engineering state can be simulated more truly, and the test simulation data reflects that the engineering is more consistent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a use state of a 3D printing tunnel model making auxiliary device according to the present application;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 3 showing the coupling structure of the stand and the base;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connection structure of the main rod and the stand;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an anchor insertion mechanism;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection of the feed assembly to the rock bolt.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a support mechanism; 11. a base; 111. an elastic member; 12. a support; 121. pressing a plate; 122. a chute; 123. a bar hole; 13. a cross bar; 2. a main rod; 21. a guide groove; 3. an anchor inserting mechanism; 31. a micro motor; 32. a driving wheel; 33. a conveyor belt; 34. a driven wheel; 35. a rotating member; 36. a fixing member; 361. a limiting edge; 362. a connecting plate; 4. a mounting seat; 41. a guide block; 42. a pointer; 5. an anchor rod; 51. grooving; 6. a model base; 61. a tunnel portal; 62. and (4) an anchor hole.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-8.

The embodiment of the application discloses 3D prints tunnel model preparation auxiliary device. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the 3D printing tunnel modeling auxiliary device includes a supporting mechanism 1 and a mounting base 4 installed on the supporting mechanism 1, the mounting base 4 is connected with a main rod 2 in a sliding manner, and an anchor inserting mechanism 3 is installed on the main rod 2. 3D prints rock mass physical model and includes model base member 6 and inserts the stock 5 in the model base member 6, and tunnel mouth 61 has been seted up in the run-through of model base member 6, and the inside that model base member 6 is located tunnel mouth 61 is equipped with and is used for stock 5 male anchor eye 62. During the use with stock 5 pre-installation insert anchor mechanism 3 on, place supporting mechanism 1 on the platform, then utilize mobile jib 2 will insert anchor mechanism 3 and stretch into the tunnel portal 61 of model base member 6 in, the degree of depth regulation stock 5 that stretches into through mobile jib 2 aligns the back with the anchor eye 62 on the model base member 6, it is fixed to start inserting anchor mechanism 3 and inserting stock 5 in the anchor eye 62 that corresponds, then withdraw from auxiliary device on the model base member 6, carry out 3D and print the follow-up mechanical test of rock mass physical model. Because the anchor rod 5 is arranged in the physical model, the tested simulation data result reflects the actual engineering situation more truly.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the supporting mechanism 1 includes a base 11 and a support 12, the support 12 includes an arc portion and supporting portions fixed at two ends of the arc portion, where the two supports 12 are arranged side by side, the two supports 12 are fixedly connected through a cross bar 13, and the cross bar 13 is fixed on the supporting portions; each supporting part corresponds to one base 11, the bases 11 on the same side of the two supports 12 are fixedly connected into a whole through a cross rod 13, and the cross rod 13, the bases 11 and the supports 12 can be fixed through screws.

The base 11 can be a cuboid with an opening at one end and a hollow interior, the pressing plate 121 is fixedly arranged at one end of the support 12, and one end of the support part with the pressing plate 121 extends into the cavity of the base 11 and can slide relative to the base 11. An elastic member 111 is disposed in the cavity inside the base 11, and a spring is selected for the elastic member 111. The open contour of the base 11 is smaller than the contour of the pressing plate 121 to prevent the stand 12 from being detached from the base 11. When the bracket 12 is not subjected to other applied external forces, the elastic element 111 applies a supporting force to the pressing plate 121 so that the pressing plate 121 is close to the open end of the base 11; when the support 12 is applied by an external force, the support portion can drive the pressing plate 121 to compress the spring to contract and deform, and the support portion is inserted into the base 11 to adjust the height of the whole supporting mechanism 1.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the arc-shaped portion of the bracket 12 has a rectangular cross section, and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped portion is circumferentially provided with a sliding groove 122, and the sliding groove 122 is a T-shaped groove. A strip hole 123 communicating with the chute 122 is formed in the end surface of the arc portion in the circumferential direction. The bracket 12 is provided with angle scales on the arc portion, and the angle scales can be replaced by fixed position marks according to needs.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the main rod 2 is a circular rod, and a guide groove 21 is formed on the surface of the main rod 2 along the direction of the generatrix. The main rod 2 is provided with a graduated scale along the length direction.

Mount pad 4 slides and sets up on the spout 122 of support 12, and the one end of mount pad 4 be with spout 122 adaptation and the relative slip portion of sliding, the other end of mount pad 4 be equipped with mobile jib 2 outline complex joint portion, joint portion is arc, joint portion has certain elasticity for mobile jib 2 is blocked admittedly after inserting from the opening part of joint portion. An organic whole is equipped with guide block 41 with guide way 21 complex in joint portion for mobile jib 2 card is gone into behind the joint portion of mount pad 4, only can slide along the axis direction of joint portion.

In order to fix the position of the mounting seat 4 conveniently, the sliding part is provided with a threaded column penetrating through the bar hole 123, and the threaded column and the sliding part can be fixed in an inserted manner or fixed through threads. Threaded connection has the nut on the screw thread post, and after mount pad 4 moved suitable position, through rotatory nut of screwing up with mount pad 4 and support 12 fixed position.

The mounting base 4 is provided with a pointer 42 between the sliding part and the clamping part, and the pointer 42 is parallel to the plane of the angle scale so as to accurately adjust the position of the mounting base 4.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the anchor inserting mechanism 3 includes a feeding assembly and a power assembly, the power assembly includes a micro motor 31 installed at one end of the main rod 2 and a transmission structure disposed on the main rod 2, where the transmission structure is belt transmission, the transmission structure includes a driving wheel 32, a driven wheel 34 and a transmission belt 33 connected to the driving wheel 32 and the driven wheel 34, the driving wheel 32 is coaxially fixed with an output shaft of the micro motor 31, and the driven wheel 34 is rotatably connected to one end of the main rod 2 away from the micro motor 31. In other embodiments of the embodiment of the present application, the transmission structure may also be a chain transmission, a worm gear, or the like. The micro motor 31 may be a counter-rotating motor. The micro-motor 31 may be replaced by a hand wheel as required.

The feeding assembly comprises a fixed part 36 fixed at one end of the main rod 2 close to the driven wheel 34 and a rotating part 35 connected with the fixed part 36 through a connecting plate 362, the connecting plate 362 is fixed with the fixed part 36 by welding or by screws, and the rotating part 35 is connected with the connecting plate 362 in a rotating manner, wherein the rotating manner can be a bearing connection. The fixing member 36 may be a rectangular plate or a plate material having another shape. The rotary member 35 is in driving connection with the driven wheel 34, where a belt drive is selected, and a gear drive or a chain drive may be used as required. In order to make the belt fall off, a groove for sleeving the belt is formed on the surface of the rotating member 35 along the circumferential direction. The fixing member 36 is provided with a through hole, and the fixing member 36 is provided with a limit rib 361 on the inner wall of the through hole. The through hole in the fixed member 36 is arranged coaxially with the rotating member 35.

The rotating piece 35 can be a threaded sleeve, the anchor rod 5 is in threaded connection with the rotating piece 35, a groove 51 is formed in the surface of the anchor rod 5 along the axial direction of the anchor rod, and the section of the groove 51 is matched with the limiting edge 361.

One end of the anchor rod 5 is threaded with the rotation member 35 after passing through the through hole of the fixing member 36, and since the rotation of the anchor rod 5 is prevented by the engagement of the limit rib 361 with the slot 51 of the anchor rod 5, the anchor rod 5 moves along the axis of the through hole of the fixing member 36 when the rotation member 35 rotates.

In other embodiments of this application embodiment, stock 5 surface is equipped with the spiral line's slot, has seted up the through-hole the same with stock 5 external diameter on rotating piece 35, rotates piece 35 and is located the through-hole inner wall and sets firmly the arch that can stretch into the slot, and the degree of depth of slot is greater than fluting 51's degree of depth this moment to prevent that the arch from rotating protruding and fluting 51 slippage when slot and fluting 51 intersection point department. When the rotation member 35 rotates, the projection rotates, and since the projection is located in the groove, the projection drives the anchor rod 5 having the spiral groove to move along the axis of the through-hole.

In order to provide an intuitive understanding of the axial direction of the anchor rod 5, the end of the pointer 42 can be oriented parallel to the axis of the turn-piece 35.

The dimensions of the auxiliary device can be adapted to the cross-section of the tunnel opening 61 in the model base body 6, so that the auxiliary device can be inserted into the tunnel opening 61.

The method for manufacturing the physical model by the aid of the 3D printing tunnel model manufacturing auxiliary device comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of 3D printed model substrate 6:

s1: performing 3D modeling and output on the rock mass with the natural fracture structure;

s2: and integrally printing the model matrix 6 by using a 3D sand mold printing device.

(2) Installing and fixing the anchor rod 5:

s1: the anchor rod 5 is arranged on the rotating piece 35, then the auxiliary device is extended into the tunnel opening 61, and the support 12 is flush with the end part of the tunnel opening 61;

s2: adjusting the position of the anchor rod 5: moving the main rod 2, firstly determining the insertion depth of the main rod 2 according to the position of an anchor hole 62 designed by the 3D model, and judging through the scale of the main rod 2; then, the mounting base 4 is adjusted in a moving mode according to the included angle of the axis of the anchor hole 62, so that the position of the pointer 42 corresponding to the angle scale on the support 12 meets the requirement, and then the position of the mounting base 4 is fixed; the axis of the anchor rod 5 is now aligned with the anchor hole 62;

s3: starting the micro motor 31, inserting the anchor rod 5 into the anchor hole 62, and when the anchor rod 5 is separated from the rotating piece 35, the anchor rod does not move;

s4: the support 12 is pressed down so that the height of the auxiliary device is lowered, and simultaneously the fixing piece 36 moves downwards to be separated from the anchor rod 5, and the auxiliary device is drawn out from the tunnel opening 61; the exposed portion of the anchor rod 5 is pressed into the anchor hole 62 using another rod body.

And repeating the steps to install the residual anchor rods 5, manufacturing a 3D printing rock physical model, and performing geotechnical engineering test simulation by using the model. Because the anchor rod 5 supports and reinforces the physical model, the engineering practice reflected by the simulation data is more accordant.

In order to improve the connection firmness of the anchor rod 5 and the model matrix 6, glue can be coated on the surface of the anchor rod 5, and the physical model is tested after the glue is hardened. The auxiliary device is used after being cleaned before the glue hardening time.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.