阅读说明：本技术 一种颅脑肿瘤微创手术用定位模板及其使用方法 (Positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery and use method thereof ) 是由 刘士锋 胡效坤 王从晓 李伟 张�浩 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及医疗临床手术技术领域,具体涉及一种颅脑肿瘤微创手术用定位模板及其使用方法,包括定位模板、手术模板、入骨钻套和穿刺毛细管,所述定位模板与所述手术模板的形状尺寸相同,二者的边沿处均设置有多个伸出的延伸部,所述延伸部的远端设置有向外卷曲的镂空柱,所述镂空柱上穿设有用于固定所述定位模板或所述手术模板的绷带,所述定位模板贴附在患者的头部用于确定其手术位置,所述手术模板用于辅助微创手术的精准进行。本发明中,通过使用该定位装置可完全还原临床医生的手术意图,保证医生对颅脑钻孔和肿瘤微创手术的安全性和治疗效果,工作效率大幅度提升,成本大幅度降低,操作简单,维护方便。(The invention relates to the technical field of medical clinical operations, in particular to a positioning template for a craniocerebral tumor minimally invasive operation and a using method thereof. According to the invention, the operation intention of a clinician can be completely restored by using the positioning device, the safety and the treatment effect of the clinician on craniocerebral drilling and tumor minimally invasive surgery are ensured, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the cost is greatly reduced, the operation is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.)

1. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery is characterized by comprising a positioning template (1), an operation template (2), a bone-entering drill sleeve (4) and a puncture capillary tube (5), wherein the positioning template (1) is attached to the head of a patient and used for determining the operation position of the patient, and the operation template (2) is used for assisting the minimally invasive surgery to be accurately carried out.

2. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 1, wherein the positioning template (1) and the surgery template (2) have the same shape and size, a plurality of extending parts (11) are arranged at the edges of the positioning template and the surgery template, the far ends of the extending parts (11) are provided with hollowed-out columns (12) which are curled outwards, and bandages (6) used for fixing the positioning template (1) or the surgery template (2) are arranged on the hollowed-out columns (12) in a penetrating manner.

3. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that the positioning template (1) or the surgery template (2), the extension part (11) and the hollow column (12) are of an integrated structure.

4. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 3, wherein the positioning template (1) and the surgical template (2) are designed into shapes according to the requirements of doctors through 3D design software, and then the positioning template (1) and the surgical template (2) are manufactured through an industrial-grade 3D printer.

5. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the outer end surface of the positioning template (1) is further provided with a positioning column (13) for calibrating a surgery position, the positioning column (13) is hollow and protrudes outwards, and an inner cavity of the positioning column is further nested with a solid stainless steel column.

6. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that a base (3) is arranged on the outer end surface of the surgical template (2), a positioning block (21) is arranged at the position of the outer end surface of the surgical template (2) corresponding to the end corner of the base (3), and a through base hole (22) is arranged at the position of the surgical template (2) corresponding to the positioning column (13).

7. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 6, wherein the base (3) is made of a sterile material and is attached to the outer end face of the surgical template (2), a guide block (31) which is fixedly sleeved with the positioning block (21) is arranged at the position of an end corner of the base (3), a drilling guide column (32) is further arranged at the position, corresponding to the positioning column (13), of the outer end face of the base (3), and a slot (33) which penetrates through the base (3) and is butted with the base hole (22) is formed in the middle of the drilling guide column (32).

8. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 1, wherein the bone-entering drill bushing (4) consists of a first proximal anti-falling block (41) and a first distal cutting edge (42), the first anti-falling block (41) is of a T-shaped structure, and a first penetrating guide groove (43) is formed in the middle of the bone-entering drill bushing (4).

9. The positioning template for the minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery according to claim 1, wherein the puncture capillary tube (5) consists of a second anti-falling block (51) at the near end and a guide tube (52) at the far end, the second anti-falling block (51) is of a cylindrical structure, and a second penetrating guide groove (53) is further formed in the middle of the puncture capillary tube (5).

10. A method of using the positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:

firstly, designing a positioning template (1) and an operation template (2) according to a target area drawn by a doctor;

during operation, resetting by using the positioning template (1), adjusting the position by CT scanning to meet the requirements of puncture direction, angle and the like of a preoperative surgical plan, and drawing a contour line on the surface of the scalp of a patient by using a marker pen along the outer edge of the positioning template (1);

step three, replacing the upper surgical template (2) to enable the upper surgical template to completely cover the contour line;

step four, inserting the bone drill sleeve (4) along an inserting groove (33) formed in the middle of the drilling guide column (32), and then drilling a hole in the head of the patient by using a bone drill to penetrate through a first guide groove (43) in the middle of the bone drill sleeve (4);

step five, after the drilling is successful, the bone drill is withdrawn, and the puncture capillary (5) is inserted into the first guide groove (43);

and step six, the puncture needle, the biopsy needle, the nano-knife and other therapeutic instruments accurately reach the target area through the puncture capillary (5) to perform minimally invasive surgery.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical clinical operations, in particular to a positioning template for a craniocerebral tumor minimally invasive operation and a using method thereof.

Background

Minimally invasive surgery, which is an operation with minimal trauma as the name implies, has the advantages of small trauma, light pain and quick recovery, is increasingly accepted as an effective alternative scheme of the traditional open type operation, has less surgical trauma and postoperative complications, shortens the time for seeing a doctor, saves the related cost, can also recover patients more quickly, and has great significance in the aspects of physiology and psychology.

At present, the operation is carried out on patients with brain tumor, craniocerebral minimally invasive operation is generally recommended, and the existing mode is completely processed by manual work: a doctor firstly uses a bone drill to punch holes (with the diameter of 2-5cm) according to the position of a patient craniocerebral tumor on an image, then the doctor punctures the holes to perform treatment, the whole process is operated manually, but the main problems of the existing operation mode include higher operation risk, long operation time, great pain of the patient, inaccurate positioning and puncture points on the craniocerebral, sometimes, the puncture cannot be performed at the key position, and the ideal effect cannot be achieved, so that the operation effect is influenced, and medical accidents are possibly caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery and a use method thereof.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery comprises a positioning template, a surgery template, an in-bone drill bushing and a puncture capillary tube, wherein the positioning template is attached to the head of a patient and used for determining the surgery position of the patient, and the surgery template is used for assisting in performing minimally invasive surgery accurately.

The positioning template and the operation template are the same in shape and size, a plurality of extending parts are arranged at the edges of the positioning template and the operation template, the far ends of the extending parts are provided with hollowed-out columns which curl outwards, and bandages used for fixing the positioning template or the operation template are arranged on the hollowed-out columns in a penetrating mode.

Further, the positioning template or the operation template, the extension part and the hollow column are of an integrated structure.

The positioning template and the operation template are designed into shapes according to the requirements of doctors through 3D design software, and then manufactured through an industrial-grade 3D printer.

The positioning template is characterized in that the outer end face of the positioning template is also provided with a positioning column used for calibrating an operation position, the positioning column is arranged in a hollow mode and protrudes outwards, and an inner cavity of the positioning column is further nested with a solid stainless steel column.

The outer end face of the operation template is provided with a base, a positioning block is arranged at the position, corresponding to the end corner of the base, of the outer end face of the operation template, and a through base hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the positioning column, of the operation template.

The surgical template is characterized in that the base is made of a sterile material and attached to the outer end face of the surgical template, a guide block fixedly sleeved with the positioning block is arranged at the end corner of the base, a drilling guide column is further arranged at the position, corresponding to the positioning column, of the outer end face of the base, and a slot penetrating through the base and butted with the base hole is formed in the middle of the drilling guide column.

The bone-entering drill sleeve is further composed of a first anti-falling block at the near end and a cutting edge at the far end, the first anti-falling block is of a T-shaped structure, and a first penetrating guide groove is further formed in the middle of the bone-entering drill sleeve.

The puncture capillary tube is further composed of a second anti-falling block at the near end and a guide tube at the far end, the second anti-falling block is of a cylindrical structure, and a second penetrating guide groove is formed in the middle of the puncture capillary tube.

The invention also discloses a use method of the positioning template for the craniocerebral tumor minimally invasive surgery, which comprises the following steps:

designing a positioning template and an operation template according to a target area drawn by a doctor;

during operation, resetting by using a positioning template, adjusting the position by CT scanning to meet the requirements of puncture direction, angle and the like of a preoperative surgical plan, and drawing a contour line on the surface of the scalp of a patient by using a marker pen along the outer edge of the positioning template;

step three, replacing the surgical template to completely cover the contour line;

inserting the bone drill bushing along an inserting groove formed in the middle of the drill guide post, and then drilling a hole in the head of the patient by using a bone drill to penetrate through a guide groove I in the middle of the bone drill bushing;

step five, after the drilling is successful, withdrawing the bone drill, and inserting a puncture capillary tube into the first guide groove;

and step six, accurately reaching the target area through a puncture capillary by using a puncture needle, a biopsy needle, a nano knife and other therapeutic instruments to perform minimally invasive surgery.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the operation intention of a clinician can be completely restored, the safety and the treatment effect of the clinician on the craniocerebral drilling and tumor minimally invasive operation are ensured, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the cost is greatly reduced, the operation is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the positioning template of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the surgical template of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the positioning block and the base hole of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the base of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the bone drill sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the puncture capillary in the present invention.

In the figure: 1. positioning a template; 11. an extension portion; 12. hollowing out the column; 13. a positioning column; 2. a surgical template; 21. positioning blocks; 22. a base hole; 3. a base; 31. a guide block; 32. drilling a guide post; 33. a slot; 4. a bone-entering drill sleeve; 41. a first anti-drop block; 42. a cutting edge; 43. a first guide groove; 5. puncturing a capillary tube; 51. a second anti-drop block; 52. a guide tube; 53. a second guide groove; 6. a bandage.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the overall structure of the positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery is schematic, before the positioning template is used, a clinician can only calibrate an approximate surgical position on the head of a patient through CT scanning, the calibration accuracy depends on the experience of the clinician to a great extent, the surgical effect cannot be kept stable, and in addition, in the subsequent craniocerebral drilling and treatment process, the clinician must constantly keep high attention to avoid accidents due to the absence of other auxiliary tools, so that great trouble is brought to the smooth operation, therefore, technicians in the field can develop the positioning device for minimally invasive craniocerebral surgery in a research mode for a long time on the basis of ensuring the smooth operation, under the holding of the positioning device, the clinician can easily calibrate the precise surgical position, in the subsequent treatment, the physical and mental consumption in the operation process can be reduced through other auxiliary tools, and the whole operation is stably and reliably carried out.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, a positioning template for minimally invasive craniocerebral tumor surgery comprises a positioning template 1, an operation template 2, an in-bone drill bush 4 and a puncture capillary tube 5, wherein the positioning template 1 and the operation template 2 have the same shape and size, a plurality of extending parts 11 are arranged at the edges of the positioning template 1 and the operation template 2, the positions of the extending parts 11 are not fixed, corresponding adjustment can be carried out according to the shapes and sizes of the positioning template 1 and the operation template 2, the far ends of the extending parts 11 are provided with outwards-curled hollowed-out columns 12, bandages 6 for fixing the positioning template 1 or the operation template 2 are arranged on the hollowed-out columns 12 in a penetrating way, when in use, the positioning template 1 is attached to the head of a patient for determining the operation position of the patient, the operation template 2 is used for assisting in accurate implementation of minimally invasive surgery, the positioning template and the operation template are attached to the surface of the head of the patient, so that the operation intention of a clinician can be completely restored, the safety and the treatment effect of doctors on craniocerebral drilling and tumor minimally invasive surgery are ensured, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the cost is greatly reduced, the operation is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.

The positioning template 1 or the operation template 2, the extension part 11 and the hollow column 12 are all of an integrated structure, and besides the integrated structure, a rotatable round rod can be arranged at the extension part 11, so that corresponding functions can be realized.

Location template 1 and operation template 2 all design out the shape of the two according to the doctor demand through 3D design software earlier, rethread industrial level 3D printer makes location template 1 and operation template 2, its size of location template 1 and operation template 2 and the shape homoenergetic that use 3D design software to design out carry out adaptability to the difference of patient head type and adjust, this can be very big reduction gap between different templates and the scalp, and location template 1 and operation template 2 of 3D printer department of making possess certain toughness and intensity, not only can laminate patient's affected part at to a great extent, but also can be provided with other parts that supplementary operation carried out on different templates.

As shown in fig. 1, the outer end surface of the positioning template 1 is further provided with a positioning column 13 for calibrating the operation position, in this embodiment, the positioning column 13 is 2cm high and 2mm in diameter, the positioning column 13 is hollow and protrudes outward, and the inner cavity of the positioning column 13 is further nested with a solid stainless steel column which can be developed under CT, so that a clinician can accurately adjust the position of the positioning template 1 according to CT, and the positioning column 13 can accurately calibrate the target position of the head of the patient.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the outer end surface of the surgical template 2 is provided with a base 3, the outer end surface of the surgical template 2 is provided with a positioning block 21 at a position corresponding to an end corner of the base 3, and a through base hole 22 is formed at a position corresponding to the positioning column 13 of the surgical template 2, compared with the positioning template 1, the surgical template 2 is provided with the base 3 at the positioning column 13, i.e., a target position area, and according to the needs of the surgery, the surgical template 2 can be further provided with a larger gap at a position corresponding to the base 3, so that the subsequent surgery can be performed smoothly.

As shown in fig. 4, the base 3 is made of a sterile material, and is attached to the outer end surface of the surgical template 2, a guide block 31 fixedly sleeved with the positioning block 21 is disposed at a position of an end corner of the base 3, the guide block 31 is fixedly sleeved with the positioning block 21 to fix the base 3 on the surgical template 2, a drilling guide post 32 is further disposed at a position of the outer end surface of the base 3 corresponding to the positioning post 13, in this embodiment, the drilling guide post 32 has a diameter of 1cm and a height of 1.5cm, a slot 33 penetrating through the base 3 and abutting against the base hole 22 is disposed in the middle of the drilling guide post 32, and the shape and size of the slot 33 are the same as those of the bone-entering drill sleeve 4, and the two are slidably sleeved.

As shown in fig. 5, the drill bushing 4 for bone entry is composed of a first anti-falling block 41 at the near end and a cutting edge 42 at the far end, the first anti-falling block 41 is of a T-shaped structure, a first penetrating guide groove 43 is further formed in the middle of the drill bushing 4 for bone entry, the drill bushing 4 for bone entry is integrally of a wedge-shaped hollow cylinder, the cutting edge 42 of 0.5mm at the far end is convenient for cutting the scalp and inserting the skull, the scalp is prevented from moving to cover the drilled hole after drilling, so that treatment such as puncture cannot be performed, the first anti-falling block 41 for bone entry at the near end can prevent the drill bushing 4 for bone entry from falling off, the drill bushing 4 for bone entry is made of medical high-strength stainless steel, the wall thickness is 2mm, and the inner diameter is 1.8 mm.

As shown in fig. 6, the puncture capillary 5 is composed of a second proximal anti-separation block 51 and a second distal guide tube 52, the second anti-separation block 51 is of a cylindrical structure, a second penetrating guide groove 53 is further formed in the middle of the puncture capillary 5, the puncture capillary 5 is made of medical stainless steel, the wall thickness is 1mm, the inner diameter is 1.3mm, the height is 2cm, the second proximal T-shaped anti-separation block 51 can prevent the puncture capillary 5 from falling off, and the guide tube 52 and the second guide groove 53 play a role in guiding treatment such as accurate puncture.

The invention also discloses a use method of the positioning template for the craniocerebral tumor minimally invasive surgery, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, designing a positioning template 1 and an operation template 2 according to a target area drawn by a doctor;

during operation, resetting the positioning template 1, adjusting the position of the positioning template through CT scanning to meet the requirements of puncture direction, angle and the like of a preoperative surgical plan, and drawing a contour line on the surface of the scalp of the patient by using a marker pen along the outer edge of the positioning template 1;

step three, replacing the upper surgical template 2 to enable the upper surgical template to completely cover the contour line;

step four, inserting the bone drill sleeve 4 along the slot 33 formed in the middle of the drill guide column 32, and then drilling a hole in the head of the patient by using a bone drill to penetrate through the guide groove I43 in the middle of the bone drill sleeve 4;

step five, after the drilling is successful, the bone drill is removed, and the puncture capillary 5 is inserted into the first guide groove 43;

and step six, accurately reaching the target area through the puncture capillary 5 by the puncture needle, the biopsy needle, the nano-knife and other therapeutic instruments to perform minimally invasive surgery.

The invention has reasonable design, convenient use, better treatment effect, lower cost and popularization and use, and can quantify the operation quality to a certain extent.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.