阅读说明：本技术 一种植入融合胫距关节的胫骨假体 (Implant shin bone false body that fuses shin apart from joint ) 是由 徐凤强 史春生 荀世界 史文超 许奎雪 康树靖 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种植入融合胫距关节的胫骨假体,包括：胫骨髓针,用于将其插入端插入胫骨近端的髓腔内；胫骨远端固定体,其一端与所述胫骨髓针锥配连接、另一端与胫骨远端通过锁定钉连接；其中,所述胫骨远端固定体靠近胫骨远端一侧的端面上设有凸出的立柱,用于插入距骨。其优点是：可实现术后长期的生物固定,接触面积大,且实现稳定的生物固定所需时间短,不易发生断裂、移位、脱位等问题。(The invention provides a tibial prosthesis implanted into a fused tibial distance joint, which comprises: the tibia intramedullary pin is used for inserting the insertion end of the tibia intramedullary pin into a medullary cavity at the proximal end of the tibia; one end of the tibia far-end fixing body is matched and connected with the tibia marrow needle awl, and the other end of the tibia far-end fixing body is connected with the tibia far end through a locking nail; the tibia far-end fixing body is provided with a convex upright post on the end face close to one side of the tibia far end, and the convex upright post is used for being inserted into a talus. The advantages are that: can realize long-term biological fixation after operation, has large contact area, short time for realizing stable biological fixation, and is not easy to have the problems of fracture, displacement, dislocation and the like.)

1. The utility model provides an implant shin bone false body that fuses shin apart from joint which characterized in that: comprises that

A tibia broach (1) for inserting its insertion end into the medullary cavity of the tibia proximal end (3);

the tibia far-end fixing body (2) is connected with the tibia intramedullary nail (1) in a tapered fit mode at one end and is connected with the tibia far end through a locking nail at the other end;

the tibia far-end fixing body (2) is provided with a convex upright post (21) on the end face close to the tibia far-end side, and the convex upright post is used for being inserted into a talus (4).

2. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 1, wherein: the tibia broach (1) comprises a broach inserting part (11) and a broach connecting part (12) which is integrally formed with the broach inserting part, wherein the upper end of the broach connecting part (12) is connected with the broach inserting part (11), and the lower end of the broach connecting part is in conical fit connection with the tibia far-end fixing body (2);

the broach connecting part (12) is provided with a taper hole (13) in one end close to the tibia far-end fixing body (2), and one end of the tibia far-end fixing body (2) departing from the upright post (21) is provided with a taper column (22) in fit connection with the taper hole (13).

3. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 2, wherein: one end of the broach connecting part (12) close to the tibia far-end fixing body (2) is provided with a convex part (14) with an arc-shaped cross section along the circumferential direction;

one end of the tibia far-end fixing body (2) departing from the upright post (21) is provided with a concave part (23) matched with the convex part (14) and used for connecting the broach connecting part (12) with the tibia far-end fixing body (2).

4. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 2, wherein: the outer surface of the broach connecting part (12) is coated with a porous structure layer (15).

5. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 2, wherein: at least 3 strip-shaped anti-rotation grooves (16) are formed in the broach insertion part (11) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the broach insertion part, and the anti-rotation grooves (16) are formed in the length direction of the broach insertion part (11).

6. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 5, wherein: the cross section of the anti-rotation groove (16) is arc-shaped.

7. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibial mediastinal joint of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: be equipped with on the fixed body of shin bone distal end (2) a plurality of nail way hole (24) that are used for the locking nail to penetrate are seted up to one side of stand (21), and the locking nail is followed insert talus (4) on the fixed body of shin bone distal end (2), be used for with the fixed body of shin bone distal end (2) is connected fixedly with talus (4).

8. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 7, wherein: the surface of the upright post (21) contacting with the talus (4) is provided with a bone trabecula porous structure (25).

9. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 8, wherein: and a second bone trabecula porous structure (26) is arranged on the abutting surface of one side of the tibia far-end fixing body (2) far away from the tibia intramedullary nail (1) and the talus (4) and the fibula (5).

10. The tibial prosthesis implanted in the fused tibio-tibial distance joint of claim 1, wherein: the tibia broach (1) and the tibia far-end fixing body (2) are both manufactured by a pure tantalum material 3D printing rapid prototyping process;

wherein, the tibia broach (1) is made of forged titanium alloy materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial prosthesis replacement, in particular to a tibial prosthesis implanted with a fused tibialis distance joint.

Background

With the development of medical technology, it is becoming more and more common to treat ankle joints of human bodies by replacing the ankle joints with prostheses when the ankle joints are diseased or fractured by external force.

However, as long-term follow-up observation after implantation shows that the existing tibial prosthesis still has defects, such as long time consumption for stable biological fixation after operation and easy fracture when the prosthesis bears large force, which causes complications such as displacement and dislocation of the ankle joint prosthesis; in addition, the existing prosthesis has the defects of single structure, no consideration of complexity of human bone conditions and the like, slow bone growth time, long time for realizing long-term biological fixation and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a tibial prosthesis implanted into a fused tibialis distance joint, aiming at overcoming at least one technical defect, so that the tibial prosthesis is implanted stably and can realize long-term biological fixation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a tibial prosthesis for implantation in a fused tibio-tibial pitch joint, comprising:

the tibia intramedullary pin is used for inserting the insertion end of the tibia intramedullary pin into a medullary cavity at the proximal end of the tibia;

one end of the tibia far-end fixing body is matched and connected with the tibia marrow needle awl, and the other end of the tibia far-end fixing body is connected with the tibia far end through a locking nail;

the tibia far-end fixing body is provided with a convex upright post on the end face close to one side of the tibia far end, and the convex upright post is used for being inserted into a talus.

Preferably, the tibial broach comprises a broach inserting part and a broach connecting part which is integrally formed with the broach inserting part, wherein the upper end of the broach connecting part is connected with the broach inserting part, and the lower end of the broach connecting part is in taper fit connection with the tibial distal end fixing body;

the broach connecting part is provided with a taper hole in one end close to the tibia far-end fixing body, and one end of the tibia far-end fixing body departing from the upright post is provided with a taper column in fit connection with the taper hole.

Preferably, one end of the broach connecting part close to the tibia far-end fixing body is provided with a convex part with an arc-shaped cross section along the circumferential direction;

and one end of the tibia far-end fixing body, which deviates from the upright post, is provided with a concave part matched with the convex part, and the concave part is used for connecting the broach connecting part with the tibia far-end fixing body.

Preferably, the outer surface of the broach connection is coated with a porous structural layer.

Preferably, at least 3 strip-shaped anti-rotation grooves are formed in the broach insertion part at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the broach insertion part, and the anti-rotation grooves are formed in the length direction of the broach insertion part.

Preferably, the anti-rotation groove has an arc-shaped cross section.

Preferably, be equipped with on the fixed body of shin bone distal end a plurality of nail way hole that is used for the locking nail to penetrate is seted up to one side of stand, and the locking nail follow insert the talus on the fixed body of shin bone distal end, be used for with the fixed body of shin bone distal end is connected fixedly with the talus.

Preferably, the surfaces of the upright posts, which are in contact with the talus, are provided with a bone trabecula porous structure.

Preferably, a second bone trabecula structure is arranged on one side of the tibia far-end fixing body far away from the tibia intramedullary pin and abutting surfaces of the talus and the fibula.

Preferably, the tibia broach and the tibia far-end fixing body are both manufactured by a pure tantalum material 3D printing rapid prototyping process;

wherein, the tibia broach is made of forged titanium alloy materials.

The invention relates to a tibial prosthesis implanted with a fused tibial distance joint, which has the advantages that:

1. the prosthesis provided by the invention can realize long-term biological fixation after operation, has large contact area, short time for realizing stable biological fixation, and is not easy to have the problems of fracture, displacement, dislocation and the like;

2. the prosthesis is formed by two structures which are connected in a tapered manner, and the single tapered fit not only shortens the period of providing products by the prosthesis, but also enables the operation to be more convenient and faster;

3. the post is arranged at one end of the tibia far-end fixing body connected with the talus in the prosthesis, and the specific height of the post is limited, so that after the prosthesis is implanted, the post is implanted into the talus, the contact area of the prosthesis and human sclerotin is increased, the number of bone growing positions is increased, and meanwhile, the structure of the invention is fixedly connected with the talus by combining the locking nail, so that the advantages of more stability and firmness after the prosthesis is operated and difficulty in displacement are realized;

in addition, a first trabecular bone porous structure is arranged on the contact surface of the stand column and the talus, and parameters such as the aperture, the thickness and the like of the first trabecular bone porous structure are limited, so that the intraoperative quick positioning can be realized, meanwhile, the postoperation prosthesis front and back deviation can be prevented, and the condition that the prosthesis damages bones is avoided;

4. according to the invention, the design of the second trabecular bone porous structure on the end surface of the tibia far-end fixing body, which is far away from the tibia intramedullary nail, and the limitation of parameters such as the aperture and the thickness of the second trabecular bone porous structure ensure that the second trabecular bone porous structure is beneficial to crawling and realizes quick implantation;

5. the structural design of the anti-rotation groove on the insertion part of the broach can effectively prevent the prosthesis and the proximal end of the tibia from moving relatively, and the long-term stability of the prosthesis in a human body is improved;

in addition, the length and the diameter of the insertion part of the broach can be designed according to the backbone retention length and the diameter of the medullary cavity at the position of CT data measurement of a patient, so that the tibial broach is used for the patient, and customized personalized design is realized;

6. according to the invention, the porous structure layer is coated on the surface of the broach connecting part, and the size of the porous structure layer is limited, so that the porous structure coating on the surface is embedded in the proximal end of the tibia, and the bone ingrowth fixation after the operation is facilitated to achieve the medium-term and long-term stability;

7. the prosthesis structure is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing rapid forming process of a pure tantalum material, and the tibia broach is manufactured by adopting a non-toxic forged titanium alloy material, so that the prosthesis has good mechanical property and biocompatibility, and has no substances toxic to human cells.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a tibial prosthesis implanted in a fused tibialis joint according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 1 without a porous structure layer;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a tibial broach;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at angle A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a distal tibial fixation body;

FIG. 6 is a view showing the use of a tibial prosthesis implanted in a fused tibialis joint according to the present invention;

wherein:

the tibial broach comprises a tibial broach 1, a broach inserting part 11, a broach connecting part 12, a taper hole 13, a bulge part 14, a porous structure layer 15 and an anti-rotation groove 16;

the tibia far-end fixing body 2, a stand column 21, a conical column 22, a concave part 23, a spike hole 24, a first trabecular bone porous structure 25 and a second trabecular bone porous structure 26;

proximal tibia 3, talus 4, fibula 5.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Example one

The present embodiment is directed to a tibial prosthesis for implantation in a fused tibialis-talar joint, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, comprising

A tibia broach 1 for inserting its insertion end into the medullary cavity of the tibia proximal end 3;

one end of the tibia far-end fixing body 2 is in taper fit connection with the tibia intramedullary nail 1, and the other end of the tibia far-end fixing body is connected with the tibia far end through a locking nail;

the tibia far-end fixing body 2 is provided with a convex upright post 21 on the end surface close to the tibia far-end side for inserting the talus 4.

In a specific implementation, the height of the upright 21 is 10-15mm to avoid damage to the bone by the prosthesis. The tibia intramedullary pin 1 is made of a non-toxic forged titanium alloy material, so that toxic damage of the prosthesis to human cells can be reduced;

the preparation principle of this example is: according to CT data of a patient, the data of the distal end of the femur is reconstructed in a three-dimensional mode by applying a reverse principle, mirror images can be carried out according to healthy side data, defects of bones and joints after ankle bones and soft tissue tumor sections are removed are replaced, and reconstruction of limb length and ankle joint function of the patient is achieved. Through individuation 3D printing shin bone distal end stationary part 2, adopt the bone of joint contact surface to go into design and joint distal end locking nail way prediction before art, it provides near term and long term stability to go into for the bone of shin bone distal end.

The beneficial effect of this embodiment is:

the tibia broach 1 and the tibia far-end fixing body 2 are in taper fit connection to form a prosthesis, so that the period of products provided by the prosthesis is shortened through single taper fit, and the operation is more convenient; one end of the prosthesis extends into a medullary cavity of the proximal tibia end 3, and the other end of the prosthesis is inserted into the talus 4 through the upright post 21 and connected through the locking nail, so that the prosthesis can be quickly positioned, and the prosthesis can be prevented from shifting forwards and backwards after operation;

example two

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted in the tibialis distal joint of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the tibial broach 1 comprises a broach insertion part 11 and a broach connecting part 12 integrally formed therewith, the upper end of the broach connecting part 12 is connected with the broach insertion part 11, and the lower end is connected with the tibial distal fixing body 2 in a taper fit manner;

a taper hole 13 is formed in one end, close to the tibia far-end fixing body 2, of the broach connecting portion 12, and a taper column 22 in adaptive connection with the taper hole 13 is arranged at one end, away from the upright column 21, of the tibia far-end fixing body 2.

The broach inserting part 11 is used for connecting a medullary cavity of the proximal tibia end 3, measuring the backbone reserved length and the medullary cavity diameter according to CT data of a patient, and further designing the length and the diameter of the tibial broach 1, so that the tibial broach 1 is suitable for the patient, and customized personalized design is achieved.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

the tibia intramedullary nail 1 is more closely connected with the tibia far-end fixing body 2, the part is convenient to process and produce, and meanwhile, the matching precision of the part is effectively guaranteed.

EXAMPLE III

According to the tibial prosthesis for the tibialis distal joint of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a convex part 14 with an arc-shaped cross section is arranged at one end of the broach connecting part 12 close to the tibial far-end fixing body 2 along the circumferential direction;

one end of the tibia far-end fixing body 2, which is far away from the upright post 21, is provided with a concave part 23 matched with the convex part 14, and the concave part is used for connecting the broach connecting part 12 with the tibia far-end fixing body 2.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

the matching design of the convex part 14 on the broach connecting part 12 and the concave part 23 on the tibia far-end fixing body 2 can make the prosthesis assembly more convenient and accurate.

Example four

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted in the tibialis fusion talar joint of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the outer surface of the broach connecting part 12 is coated with a porous structural layer 15, and the thickness of the broach connecting part is 10-15mm, and is preferably 15 mm;

the beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

the porous structure layer 15 on the surface of the structure is embedded in the proximal tibia 3, so that the bone ingrowth fixation after the operation is facilitated to achieve the medium-term and long-term stability.

EXAMPLE five

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted into the tibialis fusion proximal distancing joint of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4 and 6, at least 3 strip-shaped anti-rotation grooves 16 are formed in the broach insertion part 11 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and the anti-rotation grooves 16 are formed along the length direction of the broach insertion part 11.

In the specific preparation process, the groove depth of the anti-rotation groove 16 is 1-3mm, and the specific depth is determined according to the diameter of the broach insertion part 11;

the technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

the anti-rotation slot 16 is designed to prevent relative movement between the prosthesis of the present invention and the proximal tibia end 3, and to increase the long-term stability of the prosthesis in the human body.

EXAMPLE six

According to a tibial prosthesis implanted in a tibialis-proximal joint as described in the fifth embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the anti-rotation groove 16 has an arc-shaped cross section.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

the specific structural design of the square spiral groove can reduce the damage to the medullary cavity in the process of implanting the prosthesis.

EXAMPLE seven

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted with the tibio-distal joint of the first to sixth embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 5 and 6, a plurality of nail path holes 24 for the penetration of locking nails are formed on one side of the post 21 on the tibia distal end fixing body 2, and the locking nails are inserted into the talus 4 from the tibia distal end fixing body 2 to connect and fix the tibia distal end fixing body 2 and the talus 4.

In a specific implementation process, the number of the nail path holes 24 is preferably 3, and the part of the nail path holes which penetrates out of the tibia far-end fixing body 2 is abutted with the outer side wall of the upright post 21 and then is positioned in the talus 4.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

connecting the talus 4 through the nail track hole 24 and the upright post 21 by using a locking nail to fixedly connect the tibia far-end fixing body 2 with the talus 4, so as to provide near-term stability for the bone ingrowth of the tibia far end; in addition, the locking nails of the prosthesis structure are used in small number, and have small influence on bone.

Example eight

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted in the fusion tibial-posterior joint of the seventh embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the surfaces of the columns 21, which are in contact with the talus 4, are provided with the bone trabecular porous structures 25. Further, the thickness of the bone trabecula I porous structure 25 is 1-3mm (preferably 1.5mm), the pore diameter is 200-1100 μm, the filament diameter is 200-700 μm, the porosity is 50-80%, and the specific parameters are determined according to actual conditions.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

the upright post 21 is of a solid structure, so that the prosthesis can be quickly positioned, the upright post 21 can be quickly fused with a bone by the design of the bone trabecula porous structure 25 on the contact surface of the upright post 21 and the talus 4, and the bone trabecula porous structure 25 can be beneficial to bone crawling due to the limitation of parameters such as specific thickness, aperture and the like of the bone trabecula porous structure 25.

Example nine

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted in the tibialis fusion subtalar joint in the eighth embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the side of the distal tibial fixing body 2 away from the tibial broach 1 and the abutting surfaces of the talus 4 and the fibula 5 are both provided with a second trabecular bone porous structure 26. Further, the thickness of the second trabecular bone porous structure 26 is 3-5mm (preferably 5mm), the pore diameter is 200-1100 μm, the filament diameter is 200-700 μm, the porosity is 50-80%, and the specific parameters are determined according to actual conditions.

The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are:

so that the tibia far-end fixing body 2 can be rapidly fused in the talus 4 and the fibula 5, and meanwhile, the specific thickness, the pore diameter and other parameters of the second bone trabecular porous structure are limited, so that the second bone trabecular porous structure can be beneficial to bone crawling.

Example ten

According to the tibial prosthesis implanted into the fusion tibial distal distance joint in any one of the first to ninth embodiments, the tibial broach 1 and the tibial distal fixing body 2 are both manufactured by a 3D printing rapid prototyping process of pure tantalum materials;

the tibia broach 1 is made of a forged titanium alloy material, specifically a Ti6Al 7Nb material;

the beneficial effects of this technical scheme are:

3D rapid printing is adopted, personalized design of the prosthesis is achieved, and meanwhile materials are selected, so that the prosthesis is free of toxic and harmful influences on bone after being implanted.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.