阅读说明：本技术 一种髋关节置换术用可调节髓腔压力的扩髓器 (Medullary dilator capable of adjusting medullary cavity pressure for hip joint replacement ) 是由 赵文川 陈鸿 李瑞宏 李彪 杨毅 刘韦兵 王自伟 郭艳 张正学 溪应龙 段玉平 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种髋关节置换术用可调节髓腔压力的扩髓器,包括：轴承部、阻隔部、负压部、冲洗部、套筒、钻芯；所述轴承部右端过渡连接阻隔部左端,阻隔部右端连接负压部左端,负压部右端连接冲洗部左端,冲洗部右端可拆卸连接套筒左端；轴承部、阻隔部、负压部、冲洗部、套筒内部均为中空结构,钻芯从轴承部左端开口穿过上述结构内部从套筒右端开口穿出；本发明可在扩髓的同时通过负压降低髓腔内压力,再通过冲洗和负压吸引将扩髓过程中产生的骨碎屑从髓腔吸出,该扩髓器的钻头设计为尖锐型,满足锋利的同时减少钻入过程中产生的热量。(The invention discloses a medullary expanding device capable of adjusting medullary cavity pressure for hip joint replacement, which comprises: the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part, the sleeve and the drill core; the right end of the bearing part is in transitional connection with the left end of the blocking part, the right end of the blocking part is connected with the left end of the negative pressure part, the right end of the negative pressure part is connected with the left end of the flushing part, and the right end of the flushing part is detachably connected with the left end of the sleeve; the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part and the sleeve are all hollow structures, and the drill core penetrates through the structure from the left end opening of the bearing part and penetrates out from the right end opening of the sleeve; the invention can reduce the pressure in the medullary cavity through negative pressure while reaming the medullary cavity, and then suck the bone fragments generated in the reaming process out of the medullary cavity through flushing and negative pressure suction.)

1. A reamer for hip arthroplasty for adjusting the pressure in the medullary cavity, comprising: the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part, the sleeve and the drill core; the right end of the bearing part is in transitional connection with the left end of the blocking part, the right end of the blocking part is connected with the left end of the negative pressure part, the right end of the negative pressure part is connected with the left end of the flushing part, and the right end of the flushing part is detachably connected with the left end of the sleeve; the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part and the sleeve are all hollow structures, and the drill core penetrates through the structure from the left end opening of the bearing part and penetrates out from the right end opening of the sleeve.

2. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the bearing portion has an inner shaft slidably connected to an inner wall thereof, and a ball is mounted between the inner shaft and the inner shaft.

3. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the blocking portion is connected to a rubber spacer, the rubber spacer being divided into eight segments, each segment being disconnected from the other segment.

4. The medullary expanding device capable of adjusting the pressure of the medullary cavity for hip replacement according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure part is connected with a negative pressure pipe joint, the negative pressure pipe joint is communicated with the inside of the negative pressure part, and the negative pressure pipe joint is connected with a negative pressure suction device; the flushing part is connected with a flushing pipe joint, the flushing pipe joint is communicated with the inner part of the flushing part, and the flushing pipe joint is connected with a flushing device.

5. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the sleeve has side holes in a side wall thereof adjacent the distal end thereof.

6. The reamer capable of adjusting the pressure of the medullary cavity for hip replacement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drill core end is a prismatic connecting end, and the connecting end can be connected to a hand-held electric drill; the right side of the connecting end is connected with a bearing core, and the bearing core is arranged in the inner layer rotating shaft of the bearing part and is tightly attached to the inner layer rotating shaft; the drill core ends with a drill bit in a slender cone shape.

7. The reamer of claim 6, wherein the bearing core is connected to a limiting portion at a left end thereof, and an outer diameter of the limiting portion is equal to an outer diameter of the bearing portion.

8. The method of using the intramedullary reamer with adjustable intramedullary canal pressure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

s1: selecting a sleeve with proper outer diameter to be connected to the right end of the flushing part;

s2: the negative pressure pipe joint is connected with negative pressure suction equipment, and the flushing pipe joint is connected with flushing equipment;

s3: the drill core penetrates into the device from the left end opening of the bearing part;

s4: the connecting end of the hand-held electric drill and the drill core is arranged;

s5: aligning the drill bit position with the marrow expanding point position, and beginning to drill a bone for marrow expanding; the sleeve enters the medullary cavity along with the sleeve;

s6: at the moment, the negative pressure suction equipment is started, and the pressure in the medullary cavity is reduced through negative pressure suction; it is necessary to open the irrigation device, irrigate the medullary cavity and then aspirate the irrigation fluid by suction.

9. The reamer for hip replacement of any one of claims 1 to 7, which is adapted to adjust the pressure in the medullary cavity, and which is used in hip replacement surgery.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of hip joint replacement surgical instruments, and particularly relates to a medullary expander capable of adjusting medullary cavity pressure for hip joint replacement.

Background

Hip joint replacement is one of the more common clinical operation modes, and mainly aims at solving the problem of hip joint damage; the hip joint replacement is to cut off the femoral head, replace the artificial femoral head, remove the hyperplastic osteophyte tissue on the acetabulum side, install the artificial acetabular cup, and form a new joint through the artificial femoral head and the acetabular cup, which is called the artificial hip joint;

the artificial femoral head needs to be implanted into the self femur in a way that an artificial femoral head handle is implanted into a femoral medullary cavity and is fixedly sealed by bone cement; reaming of the femur is required prior to implantation; the direct reaming of the femur by current reamers presents the following problems: 1) the enlargement of the medullary cavity can increase the intramedullary pressure, and the increase of the intramedullary pressure forces the intramedullary fat to be extruded into a Harvard tube, a Fockman tube and a nutrition blood vessel, then enters a circulatory system through the cortex lycii radicis and the blood vessel near the periosteum, and then flows into the lung to form the pulmonary embolism; 2) the existing medullary expanding device can not realize the suction and discharge after flushing the bone debris generated in the medullary cavity while expanding the medullary, and the residual bone debris can cause the tissue adhesion and ossification in the joint capsule and the dyskinesia of the knee joint; 3) the head end of the existing medullary expanding device is round and blunt, and excessive heat is generated in the process of medullary expanding drilling.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs the marrow reamer capable of adjusting the pressure of the marrow cavity for the hip replacement, which can reduce the pressure in the marrow cavity through negative pressure during reaming, and then suck bone fragments generated in the reaming process out of the marrow cavity through flushing and negative pressure suction, wherein a drill bit of the marrow reamer is designed to be sharp, so that the sharpness is met, and the heat generated in the drilling process is reduced;

in order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the medullary expanding device capable of adjusting the pressure of the medullary cavity for the hip replacement comprises: the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part, the sleeve and the drill core; the right end of the bearing part is in transitional connection with the left end of the blocking part, the right end of the blocking part is connected with the left end of the negative pressure part, the right end of the negative pressure part is connected with the left end of the flushing part, and the right end of the flushing part is detachably connected with the left end of the sleeve; the bearing part, the blocking part, the negative pressure part, the flushing part and the sleeve are all hollow structures, and the drill core penetrates through the structure from the left end opening of the bearing part and penetrates out from the right end opening of the sleeve;

preferably, the inner wall of the bearing part is slidably connected with an inner layer rotating shaft, and a ball is arranged between the inner wall of the bearing part and the inner layer rotating shaft;

preferably, the inner wall of the blocking part is connected with a rubber isolation pad, the rubber isolation pad is divided into eight equal parts, and each equal part is not connected with each other;

preferably, the negative pressure part is connected with a negative pressure pipe joint, the negative pressure pipe joint is communicated with the inner side of the negative pressure part, and the negative pressure pipe joint is connected with a negative pressure suction device; the flushing part is connected with a flushing pipe joint which is communicated with the inner part of the flushing part, and the flushing pipe joint is connected with a flushing device;

preferably, a plurality of side holes are formed in the side wall of the sleeve close to the head end;

preferably, the end of the drill core is a prismatic connecting end, and the connecting end can be connected to a handheld electric drill; the right side of the connecting end is connected with a bearing core, and the bearing core is arranged in the inner layer rotating shaft of the bearing part and is tightly attached to the inner layer rotating shaft; the tail end of the drill core is provided with a drill bit with a slender cone shape;

preferably, the bearing core left end is connected with a limiting part, and the outer diameter of the limiting part is equal to that of the bearing part.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a reamer for hip replacement surgery capable of adjusting the pressure of a medullary cavity, comprising the steps of:

s1: selecting a sleeve with proper outer diameter to be connected to the right end of the flushing part;

s2: the negative pressure pipe joint is connected with negative pressure suction equipment, and the flushing pipe joint is connected with flushing equipment;

s3: the drill core penetrates into the device from the left end opening of the bearing part;

s4: the connecting end of the hand-held electric drill and the drill core is arranged;

s5: aligning the drill bit position with the marrow expanding point position, and beginning to drill a bone for marrow expanding; the sleeve enters the medullary cavity along with the sleeve;

s6: at the moment, the negative pressure suction equipment is started, and the pressure in the medullary cavity is reduced through negative pressure suction; it is necessary to open the irrigation device, irrigate the medullary cavity and then aspirate the irrigation fluid by suction.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention designs a medullary reamer capable of adjusting the pressure of a medullary cavity for hip joint replacement, which is divided into a sleeve part and a core drilling part, wherein the core drilling part is used for drilling a femoral medullary cavity, the sleeve is used for pushing the medullary cavity, the sleeve is detachably arranged, and the sleeve with a corresponding model can be selected for use according to the size of the medullary cavity;

the drill core designed by the invention is in a long and thin rod shape, particularly the drill bit is in a long and thin cone shape, so that the generation of friction heat can be reduced in the bone drilling process, and the flushing pipe can be flushed by water so as to obviously reduce the temperature in the bone drilling process, and the damage to bone tissues can be reduced due to the reduction of the temperature;

the design of the invention can be connected with a negative pressure suction device and a flushing device, the side wall of the sleeve close to the head end is provided with a plurality of side holes, the pressure in a medullary cavity can be reduced by negative pressure suction in the process of reaming the medullary, and the intramedullary fat vein blood vessel is prevented from entering blood circulation to cause pulmonary embolism; meanwhile, the flushing equipment can flush the medullary cavity and suck out the flushing liquid through negative pressure, bone fragments generated by drilling bones in the medullary cavity can be sucked out in the process, and the phenomenon that the bone fragments can cause adhesion and ossification of tissues in a joint capsule and cause movement disorder of a knee joint is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall external structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall internal and external structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a core construction of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bearing portion of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the barrier structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the rubber spacer of the present invention with the core through the dam;

in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-bearing part, 101-inner layer rotating shaft, 2-blocking part, 201-rubber isolation pad, 3-negative pressure part, 301-negative pressure pipe joint, 4-flushing part, 401-flushing pipe joint, 5-sleeve, 501-side hole, 6-drill core, 601-bearing core, 602-drill bit and 603-connecting end.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a reamer for hip arthroplasty capable of adjusting the pressure of a medullary cavity, comprising: the device comprises a bearing part 1, a blocking part 2, a negative pressure part 3, a flushing part 4, a sleeve 5 and a drill core 6; the right end of the bearing part 1 is in transition connection with the left end of the blocking part 2, the right end of the blocking part 2 is connected with the left end of the negative pressure part 3, the right end of the negative pressure part 3 is connected with the left end of the flushing part 4, and the right end of the flushing part 4 is detachably connected with the left end of the sleeve 5; the bearing part 1, the blocking part 2, the negative pressure part 3, the flushing part 4 and the sleeve 5 are all hollow structures, and the drill core 6 penetrates through the structure from the left end opening of the bearing part 1 and penetrates out from the right end opening of the sleeve 5;

preferably, the inner wall of the bearing part 1 is slidably connected with an inner layer rotating shaft 101, and a ball is arranged between the inner wall of the bearing part 1 and the inner layer rotating shaft 101; the rotation resistance between the inner layer rotating shaft 101 and the bearing part 1 can be reduced to the maximum extent;

preferably, the inner wall of the blocking part 2 is connected with a rubber isolation pad 201, the rubber isolation pad 201 is divided into eight equal parts, and each equal part is not connected with each other; the isolation rubber gasket 201 does not prevent the drill core 6 from passing through, the isolation rubber gasket 201 can be attached to the outer wall of the drill core 6 when the drill core 6 passes through, the displacement of the drill core 6 is limited to a certain extent when the drill core 6 is operated, and the isolation rubber gasket 201 can also prevent flushing liquid from flowing out of the isolation part 2 through the bearing part 1;

preferably, the negative pressure part 3 is connected with a negative pressure pipe joint 301, the negative pressure pipe joint 301 is communicated with the inner side of the negative pressure part 3, and the negative pressure pipe joint 301 is connected with a negative pressure suction device; a flushing pipe joint 401 is connected to the flushing part 4, the flushing pipe joint 401 is communicated with the inside of the flushing part 4, and the flushing pipe joint 401 is connected with a flushing device; flushing fluid flows out of the side hole 501 through a gap between the drill core 6 and the sleeve 5, and likewise, substances in the marrow cavity are sucked out of the side hole 501 through the gap between the drill core 6 and the sleeve 5 during negative pressure suction;

preferably, a plurality of side holes 501 are formed in the side wall of the sleeve 5 close to the head end, and the positions of the side holes 501 are two symmetrical rows which are staggered;

preferably, the head end of the drill core 6 is a prismatic connecting end 603, and the connecting end 603 can be connected to a hand-held electric drill; the right side of the connecting end 603 is connected with a bearing core 601, the bearing core 601 is installed in the inner layer rotating shaft 101 of the bearing part 1 and is tightly attached to the inner layer rotating shaft 101, only the inner layer rotating shaft 101 rotates when the drill core 6 rotates, and the bearing part 1 and a structure directly connected or indirectly connected with the bearing part 1 cannot be influenced; the end of the drill core 6 is provided with a drill bit 602 with a slender cone shape, and the slender cone-shaped drill bit 602 can reduce the heat generated during the bone drilling;

preferably, the left end of the bearing core 601 is connected with a limiting part 602, the outer diameter of the limiting part 602 is equal to the outer diameter of the bearing part 1, and the limiting part 602 is used for placing the drill core 6 to enter completely, and further limiting the bearing core 601 in the inner layer rotating shaft 101 of the bearing part 1.

In summary, the reamer capable of adjusting the pressure of the medullary cavity for hip replacement is divided into a sleeve part and a core drilling part, wherein the core drilling part is used for drilling a femoral reaming, the sleeve is used for pushing the medullary cavity, the sleeve is detachably mounted, and the sleeve with a corresponding type can be selected according to the required reaming size for use;

the drill core designed by the invention is in a long and thin rod shape, particularly the drill bit is in a long and thin cone shape, so that the generation of friction heat can be reduced in the bone drilling process, and the flushing pipe can be flushed by water so as to obviously reduce the temperature in the bone drilling process, and the damage to bone tissues can be reduced due to the reduction of the temperature;

the design of the invention can be connected with a negative pressure suction device and a flushing device, the side wall of the sleeve close to the head end is provided with a plurality of side holes, the pressure in a medullary cavity can be reduced by negative pressure suction in the process of reaming the medullary, and the intramedullary fat vein blood vessel is prevented from entering blood circulation to cause pulmonary embolism; meanwhile, the flushing equipment can flush the medullary cavity and suck out the flushing liquid through negative pressure, bone fragments generated by drilling bones in the medullary cavity can be sucked out in the process, and the phenomenon that the bone fragments can cause adhesion and ossification of tissues in a joint capsule and cause movement disorder of a knee joint is avoided.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.