阅读说明：本技术 一种壳聚糖基果蔬涂膜保鲜材料及其制备方法 (Chitosan-based fruit and vegetable coating preservation material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 曹金锋 孙东 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种壳聚糖基果蔬涂膜保鲜材料及其制备方法和应用。所述的涂膜保鲜材料包含以下重量份的组分：多酚类化合物1～4份,纤维素纳米纤维5～10份,壳聚糖10～20份,氧化剂1～4份,去离子水50～70份。本发明的优点：本发明提供的壳聚糖基涂膜保鲜材料,原料价廉易得,制备工艺简单,易于工业化生产；保鲜材料的力学性能、抗菌能力、抗氧化性能和耐水性能均得到明显提高；原料天然来源,可生物降解,不会造成污染。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a chitosan-based fruit and vegetable coating preservation material and a preparation method and application thereof. The coating preservation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of a polyphenol compound, 5-10 parts of cellulose nano-fiber, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 1-4 parts of an oxidant and 50-70 parts of deionized water. The invention has the advantages that: the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple preparation process and easy industrial production; the mechanical property, antibacterial capacity, oxidation resistance and water resistance of the fresh-keeping material are all obviously improved; the raw materials are natural in source, can be biologically degraded and cannot cause pollution.)

1. The chitosan-based coating preservation material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of a polyphenol compound, 5-10 parts of cellulose nano-fiber, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 1-4 parts of an oxidant and 50-70 parts of deionized water.

2. A chitosan-based coating freshness-retaining material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyphenol compound is a natural polyphenol compound or a derivative thereof.

3. A chitosan-based coating freshness-retaining material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyphenol compound is any one of tea polyphenol, protocatechuic acid or caffeic acid.

4. A chitosan-based coating freshness-retaining material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxidant is any one of ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate.

5. A chitosan-based coating freshness-retaining material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the polyphenol compound to the oxidant is 1: 1.

6. A chitosan-based coating preservation material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the preparation method of the coating preservation material is as follows:

(1) dissolving a polyphenol compound in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A;

(2) dispersing cellulose nanofibers in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding an oxidant, and stirring for 3-6 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving chitosan in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (4) adding the polyphenol modified cellulose nano-fibers prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

7. The method for preparing the chitosan-based coating preservation material according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method is carried out at room temperature.

8. The use of a chitosan-based coating freshness-retaining material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the coating preservation material is used for preserving fruits and vegetables.

9. The application of the chitosan-based coating preservation material according to claim 8, wherein the coating preservation material is used for improving the oxidation resistance and/or the antibacterial ability of fruits and vegetables.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a chitosan-based fruit and vegetable coating preservation material and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

How to maintain the original flavor and quality of fresh fruits and vegetables in the process of storage and transportation after picking becomes an important problem for the development of the current agricultural and sideline product processing industry. To solve this problem, the prior art discloses various preservation methods, including coating preservation, low-temperature preservation, radiation treatment, and the like. Among them, the film coating method is widely used in the field of preservation of fruit and vegetable products due to the advantages of simple operation, low cost, etc.

At present, common materials for preparing edible fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating films comprise natural biomass materials such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, vegetable protein and the like. The coating material can be uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables as a protective barrier, so that the problems of water loss, excessive oxidation, microbial infection and the like of the fruits and vegetables in the storage process are solved, the loss of volatile aromatic substances of the fruits and vegetables is slowed down, and the storage time and the storage quality of the fruits and vegetables are improved.

Chitosan is an alkaline polysaccharide obtained by removing acetyl groups from chitin, has the advantages of low cost, easy obtainment, biodegradability, antibiosis and the like, and is widely used for storage and fresh keeping of food. The chitosan has good film forming property, can form a semipermeable membrane on the surface of fruits and vegetables, regulates the internal environment of the fruits and vegetables, and reduces the respiration rate and the water loss rate. The preparation of food fresh-keeping materials by using chitosan is widely concerned abroad. However, the pure chitosan material has low mechanical strength and limited bacteriostatic ability and antioxidant effect, and the application range of chitosan in the field of food preservation is greatly limited.

The preparation of the chitosan fresh-keeping coating material with excellent mechanical property, antibacterial property and oxidation resistance has important practical significance. The method commonly used at present is to improve the property of the chitosan preservative coating material by adding some functional modifiers. Compared with a single coating, the prepared chitosan preservative coating material has a better preservative effect. Commonly used membrane reinforcement materials include graphene oxide, hydroxyapatite, cellulose nanofibers, and the like. Among them, cellulose nanofibers have the advantages of abundant reserves, reproducibility, unique rod-like structure, excellent mechanical properties, etc., are used as a novel green reinforcing material, and have attracted much attention in the aspect of improving the mechanical properties of the material.

Polyphenols are often used as food additives to improve the quality of food products and as natural antioxidants, they have a scavenging effect on various reactive oxygen radicals. The polyphenol compounds have good thermal stability, and have obvious bacteriostatic effect compared with other inorganic salts such as nitrite. The polyphenol is used as a natural product, is rich in resources, is green and environment-friendly, has no toxic or side effect, and is widely applied to processing of various health-care foods, beverages and the like as an additive.

The preparation of high-performance fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating materials by utilizing natural biomass resources becomes an important direction for the research of foreign food fresh-keeping materials. However, no preservation material prepared by using chitosan, cellulose, polyphenol compounds and the like is disclosed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-performance food fresh-keeping coating material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the material can effectively improve the storage time and the flavor of fruit and vegetable products. The raw materials are rich in source, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, the environment is friendly, and the industrial production is easy to realize.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a chitosan-based coating preservation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of a polyphenol compound, 5-10 parts of cellulose nano-fiber, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 1-4 parts of an oxidant and 50-70 parts of deionized water.

Further, the polyphenol compound is a natural polyphenol compound or a derivative thereof.

Further, the polyphenol compound is any one of tea polyphenol, protocatechuic acid or caffeic acid.

Further, the oxidant is any one of ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate.

Further, the mass ratio of the polyphenol compound to the oxidant is 1: 1.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

A preparation method of the chitosan-based coating preservation material comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving a polyphenol compound in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A;

(2) dispersing cellulose nanofibers in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding an oxidant, and stirring for 3-6 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving chitosan in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (4) adding the polyphenol modified cellulose nano-fibers prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

Further, the preparation method is carried out at room temperature.

The invention also provides an application of the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

The application of the chitosan-based coating preservation material is used for preserving fruits and vegetables.

Furthermore, the coating preservation material is used for improving the oxidation resistance and/or the antibacterial capacity of fruits and vegetables.

The chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention utilizes the polyphenol compound to carry out surface modification on the cellulose nano-fiber, so that the reactivity of the chitosan-based coating preservation material is improved, and the chitosan-based coating preservation material has interface interaction with other matrixes. And (3) reinforcing the chitosan by using the cellulose nano-fiber modified by polyphenol. The crosslinked structure of the cellulose nanofiber modified by polyphenol and chitosan can obviously improve the strength of the coating material. Meanwhile, the unique physicochemical properties of the polyphenol compounds, the cellulose nanofibers and the chitosan also obviously improve the oxidation resistance, the antibacterial capacity and the like of the fruit and vegetable coating.

According to the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention, the polyphenol compound is used for modifying the cellulose nano-fiber, the polyphenol compound is attached to the surface of the cellulose nano-fiber through hydrogen bonds, chemical deposition and the like, the interface interaction between the cellulose nano-fiber and other matrixes is improved, and the cellulose nano-fiber modified by polyphenol is used for improving the coating performance of chitosan fruits and vegetables. The polyphenol compound mediated cellulose nanofiber-chitosan crosslinked structure can effectively improve the crosslinking density, tensile strength and water resistance of the composite membrane.

Compared with the prior art, the chitosan-based coating preservation material and the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that:

(1) the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple preparation process and easy industrial production.

(2) According to the invention, the polyphenol compound is used for carrying out interface modification on the cellulose nanofiber, so that the reactivity of the cellulose nanofiber is improved, and the dispersibility and the crosslinking effect on chitosan are improved.

(3) The chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention has obviously improved mechanical property, antibacterial capacity, oxidation resistance and water resistance.

(4) The chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention has natural raw materials, can be biologically degraded and cannot cause pollution.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the results of rheological tests of the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention.

FIG. 2 shows the contact angle of the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention.

FIG. 4 shows cytotoxicity tests of the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 shows the weight loss ratio of the cherry tomatoes when the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention is applied to the storage of the cherry tomatoes.

FIG. 6 shows the rotting rate of cherry tomatoes when the chitosan-based coating preservation material provided by the invention is applied to the storage of the cherry tomatoes.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following examples further describe the present invention in detail, and the following examples are only used for illustrating the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention.

A chitosan-based coating preservation material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of a polyphenol compound, 5-10 parts of cellulose nano-fiber, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 1-4 parts of an oxidant and 50-70 parts of deionized water.

Further, the polyphenol compound is a natural polyphenol compound or a derivative thereof.

Further, the polyphenol compound is any one of tea polyphenol, protocatechuic acid or caffeic acid.

Further, the oxidant is any one of ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate.

Further, the mass ratio of the polyphenol compound to the oxidant is 1: 1.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

A preparation method of the chitosan-based coating preservation material comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving a polyphenol compound in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solution A;

(2) dispersing cellulose nanofibers in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding an oxidant, and stirring for 3-6 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving chitosan in deionized water according to a formula, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (4) adding the polyphenol modified cellulose nano-fibers prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

Further, the preparation method is carried out at room temperature.

The invention also provides an application of the chitosan-based coating preservation material.

The application of the chitosan-based coating preservation material is used for preserving fruits and vegetables.

Furthermore, the coating preservation material is used for improving the oxidation resistance and/or the antibacterial capacity of fruits and vegetables.

Example 1

(1) Dissolving 1 part of tea polyphenol in 9 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution A;

(2) dispersing 4 parts of cellulose nano-fiber in 10 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 1 part of ammonium persulfate, and stirring at room temperature for reaction for 3 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (3) adding 4 parts of the polyphenol modified cellulose nano-fiber prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the polyphenol mediated cellulose nano-fiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material.

Example 2

(1) Dissolving 2 parts of tea polyphenol in 8 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution A;

(2) dispersing 4 parts of cellulose nano-fiber in 10 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 2 parts of ammonium persulfate, and stirring at room temperature for reaction for 6 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (3) adding 4 parts of the polyphenol modified cellulose nano-fiber prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the polyphenol mediated cellulose nano-fiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material.

Example 3

(1) Dissolving 1 part of caffeic acid in 9 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a solution A;

(2) dispersing 4 parts of cellulose nano-fiber in 10 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 1 part of ammonium persulfate, and stirring at room temperature for reaction for 4 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (3) adding 2 parts of the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the polyphenol mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material.

Example 4

(1) Dissolving 1 part of protocatechuic acid in 9 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a solution A;

(2) dispersing 4 parts of cellulose nano-fiber in 10 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution B;

(3) uniformly mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 1 part of ammonium persulfate, and stirring at room temperature for 5 hours to prepare the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber;

(4) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and (4) adding 8 parts of the polyphenol modified cellulose nanofiber prepared in the step (3) into the solution C, and uniformly mixing to obtain the polyphenol mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material.

Comparative example 1

And dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain the chitosan preservative coating material.

Comparative example 2

(1) Dispersing 4 parts of cellulose nano-fiber in 10 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution B;

(2) dissolving 10 parts of chitosan in 40 parts of water, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to prepare a solution C;

(5) and uniformly mixing the solution B and the solution C to obtain the cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material.

The preservative coating materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were analyzed, and the following were recorded:

referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan mixed solution has good shear thinning behavior, which is convenient for spraying.

Referring to the attached figure 2, the water resistance of the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material is obviously improved.

Referring to the attached figure 3, it can be seen that the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material has the advantages of enhanced strength and toughness and excellent mechanical property.

Referring to the attached figure 4, the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material has good biocompatibility.

Referring to fig. 5, it can be seen that the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material pair can inhibit the weight loss of fruits and vegetables in the storage process.

Referring to the attached figure 6, it can be seen that the catechol-mediated cellulose nanofiber/chitosan fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping coating material has an excellent rot-proof effect on fruits and vegetables.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various changes may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are included in the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various specific technical features and steps described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations of the features and steps are not described separately.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.