阅读说明：本技术 一种电解银连续催化异戊醇氧化制备异戊醛的方法 (Method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver ) 是由 吴兵 顾松 黄埔 刘亚生 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电解银连续催化异戊醇氧化制备异戊醛的方法,涉及异戊醛生产领域,该方法包括以下步骤：(1)将异戊醇和水混合成含异戊醇70％的混合液；(2)氧化床铺上一定厚度及规格的电解银；(3)开点火器加热电解银温度至300℃后关点火器；(4)过热器加热至135℃；(5)将上述配好的异戊醇混合液体转入蒸发器中；(6)将上述配好溶液转入蒸发器中；(7)氧化床温度很快上升,用空气流量调节氧化温度至360～400℃并保持；(8)流经氧化床的高温汽流经一级冷凝器；(9)流经氧化床的高温汽流经二级冷凝器；(10)尾气经处理后排放。本发明通过该制备方法,提升了异戊醛的转化率,有助于企业实现异戊醛规模化生产。(The invention discloses a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to oxidize by electrolytic silver, which relates to the field of isovaleraldehyde production and comprises the following steps: (1) mixing isoamyl alcohol and water into mixed solution containing 70 percent of isoamyl alcohol; (2) paving electrolytic silver with certain thickness and specification on an oxidation bed; (3) turning on the igniter to heat the electrolytic silver to 300 ℃ and then turning off the igniter; (4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃; (5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator; (6) transferring the prepared solution into an evaporator; (7) the temperature of the oxidation bed rises quickly, and the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 360-400 ℃ by using air flow and is kept; (8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser; (9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser; (10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated. According to the preparation method, the conversion rate of the isovaleraldehyde is improved, and the large-scale production of the isovaleraldehyde is facilitated for enterprises.)

1. A method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) at normal temperature, mixing isoamyl alcohol and water according to a weight ratio of 7:3, slowly pouring the isoamyl alcohol into the water during mixing, continuously stirring the mixed solution during mixing, and slowing down the mixing speed if the temperature difference between the mixed solution and the room temperature is not more than 5 ℃ and the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃;

(2) paving 18-40-mesh electrolytic silver on the oxidation bed as a catalyst, wherein the thickness of the electrolytic silver catalyst is 15-20 mm;

(3) an igniter is arranged at a position 40-60 mm away from the upper part of the electrolytic silver catalyst and supported on a spherical insulating support to be used as the ignition for the initial reaction, the initial reaction is promoted to be carried out, and the igniter is turned off after the igniter is turned on to heat the electrolytic silver to 300 +/-20 ℃;

(4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃;

(5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator, heating to 95-100 ℃ for vaporization, simultaneously introducing air, controlling the speed of introducing the air to be 800-1000L/s, and controlling the condition pressure to be 0-1.2 MPa;

(6) transferring the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam introduced with air into a superheater, gradually heating the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam to 135 ℃, and controlling the retention time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the superheater to be 0.1-0.2 s;

(7) in the reaction process, the temperature of an oxidation bed rises quickly, the air ratio in the oxidation bed is controlled to be 10-20%, when the temperature is too high, the air ratio is increased and is not higher than 20%, when the temperature is too low, the air ratio is reduced and is not lower than 10%, so that the concentration of isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the oxidation bed is controlled, the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 360-400 ℃ and is kept, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through the oxidation bed, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through an electrolytic silver catalyst layer to carry out chemical reaction, so that the isoamyl alcohol is subjected to oxidation reaction and dehydrogenation reaction to generate isovaleraldehyde, the oxidation reaction condition is that the pressure is 0-1.0 MPa, preferably 0.2-0.4 MPa, the electrolytic silver reaction temperature is 380 +/-20 ℃, the residence time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passing through the silver catalyst layer is controlled, and is generally controlled to be 0.1-0.2 s;

(8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser, cold water continuously flows into the first-stage condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled, the first-stage condenser collects high-temperature process steam from the oxidation bed, and the high-temperature process steam is pushed into a superheater and an evaporator;

(9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser, cold water continuously flows into the secondary condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled for the second time, and then the high-temperature steam is collected to a receiving tank;

(10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated.

2. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed solution of isoamyl alcohol and water contains 70% of isoamyl alcohol.

3. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the heating and raising speed of the electrolytic silver temperature is 5-10 ℃/min.

4. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of cold water in the primary condenser is controlled to be 0-15 ℃, and the air pressure in the primary condenser is controlled to be 0.5-1 MPa.

5. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of cold water in the secondary condenser is controlled to be 0-10 ℃, and the air pressure in the secondary condenser is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 MPa.

6. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the flow rate of cold water in the first-stage condenser and the flow rate of cold water in the second-stage condenser are both controlled to be 1000-2000L/s.

7. The method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver according to claim 1, wherein: the tail gas treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) introducing the tail gas into a high-strength alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, wherein the retention time of the tail gas in the liquid is controlled to be 1-1.5 s;

(2) introducing the tail gas subjected to alkali washing into ozone, and carrying out catalytic oxidation reaction on the ozone and the tail gas according to the volume part of 1: 1;

(3) and (3) leading the catalyzed tail gas to pass through active carbon to adsorb the particles existing after the tail gas reaction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of isovaleraldehyde production, and in particular relates to a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver.

Background

Isovaleraldehyde is also named as: 3-methyl butyraldehyde of the formula: C5H10O, relative molecular mass: 86.11. colorless liquid, miscible with ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in water. The boiling point is 93.5 ℃, the relative density is 0.797-0.798, and the refractive index is 1.390-1.391. Has strong nausea and pleasant fruit fragrance after dilution. The main application is as follows: used for rubber accelerators, organic synthesis and artificial perfumes. Isovaleraldehyde is a raw material for manufacturing isovaleric acid, an intermediate for synthesizing spices, and a raw material in the food industry and the pharmaceutical industry. Especially as the raw material for synthesizing vitamin E, the dosage is very large. Isovaleraldehyde is naturally present in essential oils of citrus, lemon and the like. When the concentrated solution is highly diluted, the concentrated solution has apple-like fragrance, and when the concentration is lower than 10ppm, the concentrated solution has peach fragrance. The isovaleraldehyde is mainly used for food essence, is rarely used in daily essence, and is used for tobacco essence in a proper amount. Can improve the tobacco fragrance in the smoke and modify the flavors of cocoa, caramel, nuts and spicy fragrance. The GB2760-86 in China stipulates that the edible spice is allowed to be used and is mainly used for preparing various fruit essences. At present, a great amount of isovaleraldehyde is needed in actual life, so that the preparation of isovaleraldehyde is very critical.

The preparation of the isovaleraldehyde mainly comprises two preparation methods: firstly, oxidation is carried out by using a chemical reagent, and secondly, oxidation is carried out by using high-temperature dehydrogenation and oxidation of brass and using a chemical reagent, such as sodium dichromate, so that the process has high risk, great environmental pollution and low yield; the process has the advantages of high energy consumption, difficult large-scale production and low yield by utilizing the high-temperature dehydrogenation and oxidation of the brass. In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol oxidation through electrolytic silver

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provides a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized by electrolytic silver, and solves the problems of high process danger, high environmental pollution and low yield caused by the oxidation of chemical reagents such as sodium dichromate in the background technology, and high energy consumption, difficult large-scale production and low yield caused by the high-temperature dehydrogenation and oxidation of brass.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) at normal temperature, mixing isoamyl alcohol and water according to a weight ratio of 7:3, slowly pouring the isoamyl alcohol into the water during mixing, continuously stirring the mixed solution during mixing, and slowing down the mixing speed if the temperature difference between the mixed solution and the room temperature is not more than 5 ℃ and the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃;

(2) paving 18-40-mesh electrolytic silver on the oxidation bed as a catalyst, wherein the thickness of the electrolytic silver catalyst is 15-20 mm;

(3) an igniter is arranged at a position 40-60 mm away from the upper part of the electrolytic silver catalyst and supported on a spherical insulating support to be used as the ignition for the initial reaction, the initial reaction is promoted to be carried out, and the igniter is turned off after the igniter is turned on to heat the electrolytic silver to 300 +/-20 ℃;

(4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃;

(5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator, heating to 95-100 ℃ for vaporization, simultaneously introducing air, controlling the speed of introducing the air to be 800-1000L/s, and controlling the condition pressure to be 0-1.2 MPa;

(6) transferring the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam introduced with air into a superheater, gradually heating the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam to 135 ℃, and controlling the retention time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the superheater to be 0.1-0.2 s;

(7) in the reaction process, the temperature of an oxidation bed rises quickly, the air ratio in the oxidation bed is controlled to be 10-20%, when the temperature is too high, the air ratio is increased and is not higher than 20%, when the temperature is too low, the air ratio is reduced and is not lower than 10%, so that the concentration of isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the oxidation bed is controlled, the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 360-400 ℃ and is kept, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through the oxidation bed, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through an electrolytic silver catalyst layer to carry out chemical reaction, so that the isoamyl alcohol is subjected to oxidation reaction and dehydrogenation reaction to generate isovaleraldehyde, the oxidation reaction condition is that the pressure is 0-1.0 MPa, preferably 0.2-0.4 MPa, the electrolytic silver reaction temperature is 380 +/-20 ℃, the residence time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passing through the silver catalyst layer is controlled, and is generally controlled to be 0.1-0.2 s;

(8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser, cold water continuously flows into the first-stage condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled, the first-stage condenser collects high-temperature process steam from the oxidation bed, and the high-temperature process steam is pushed into a superheater and an evaporator;

(9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser, cold water continuously flows into the secondary condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled for the second time, and then the high-temperature steam is collected to a receiving tank;

(10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated.

Preferably, the mixed solution of isoamyl alcohol and water contains 70% of isoamyl alcohol.

Preferably, the heating and raising speed of the electrolytic silver temperature is 5-10 ℃/min.

Preferably, the temperature of cold water in the primary condenser is controlled to be 0-15 ℃, and the air pressure in the primary condenser is controlled to be 0.5-1 MPa.

Preferably, the temperature of cold water in the secondary condenser is controlled to be 0-10 ℃, and the air pressure in the secondary condenser is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 MPa.

Preferably, the flow rate of cold water in the first-stage condenser and the flow rate of cold water in the second-stage condenser are both controlled to be 1000-2000L/s.

Preferably, the tail gas treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) introducing the tail gas into a high-strength alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, wherein the retention time of the tail gas in the liquid is controlled to be 1-1.5 s;

(2) introducing the tail gas subjected to alkali washing into ozone, and carrying out catalytic oxidation reaction on the ozone and the tail gas according to the volume part of 1: 1;

(3) and (3) leading the catalyzed tail gas to pass through active carbon to adsorb the particles existing after the tail gas reaction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized by electrolytic silver, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. the preparation method utilizes the blown air and the heat energy generated by the combustion of the hydrogen generated by the oxidation and the desorption of the isoamylol catalyzed by the electrolytic silver, so as to maintain the temperature required by the reaction, and the first-stage cooler can generate steam by absorbing the heat energy in the high-temperature process steam for the evaporator and the superheater, thereby greatly saving the energy consumption without providing energy from the outside;

2. the preparation method controls and adjusts the temperature of the oxidation bed by introducing a certain proportion of water, and compared with the traditional method, the process has stronger stability and safety;

3. the conversion rate of the preparation method for generating the isovaleraldehyde at one time is up to 80%, and the preparation method has strong operability of specific steps and is easy to standardize, so that the method is beneficial to enterprises to realize continuous, automatic and large-scale production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

As shown with reference to figure 1 of the drawings,

example 1

A method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) at normal temperature, mixing isoamyl alcohol and water according to a weight ratio of 7:3, slowly pouring the isoamyl alcohol into the water during mixing, continuously stirring the mixed solution during mixing, and slowing down the mixing speed if the temperature difference between the mixed solution and the room temperature is not more than 5 ℃ and the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃;

(2) laying electrolytic silver with the specification of 18 meshes on an oxidation bed as a catalyst, wherein the thickness of the electrolytic silver catalyst is 15 mm;

(3) an igniter is arranged at a position 40-60 mm away from the upper part of the electrolytic silver catalyst and supported on a spherical insulating support to be used as the ignition for the initial reaction, the initial reaction is pushed to be carried out, and the igniter is turned off after the temperature of the electrolytic silver is heated to 280 ℃;

(4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃;

(5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator, heating to 95-100 ℃ for vaporization, simultaneously introducing air, controlling the speed of introducing the air to be 800L/s, and controlling the condition pressure to be 0.4 MPa;

(6) transferring the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam introduced with air into a superheater, gradually heating the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam to 135 ℃, and controlling the retention time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the superheater to be 0.1 s;

(7) in the reaction process, the temperature of an oxidation bed rises quickly, the air ratio in the oxidation bed is controlled to be 10-20%, when the temperature is too high, the air ratio is increased and is not higher than 20%, when the temperature is too low, the air ratio is reduced and is not lower than 10%, so that the concentration of isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the oxidation bed is controlled, the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 360 ℃ and is maintained, side reactions are reduced, the unit consumption of the isoamyl aldehyde is increased, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through the oxidation bed, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through an electrolytic silver catalyst layer to carry out chemical reaction, the isoamyl alcohol is subjected to oxidation reaction and dehydrogenation reaction to generate the isoamyl aldehyde, the condition of the oxidation reaction is 0.4MPa, the temperature of the electrolytic silver reaction is 360 ℃, the residence time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passing through the silver catalyst layer is controlled to be generally 0.1s, the time is too short, the reaction is not sufficient, and the time is too long, side reactions increase;

(8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser, cold water continuously flows into the first-stage condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled, the first-stage condenser collects high-temperature process steam from the oxidation bed, and the high-temperature process steam is pushed into a superheater and an evaporator;

(9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser, cold water continuously flows into the secondary condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled for the second time, and then the high-temperature steam is collected to a receiving tank;

(10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated.

The tail gas treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) introducing the tail gas into a high-strength alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, and controlling the retention time of the tail gas in the liquid to be 1 s;

(2) introducing the tail gas subjected to alkali washing into ozone, and carrying out catalytic oxidation reaction on the ozone and the tail gas according to the volume part of 1: 1;

(3) and (3) leading the catalyzed tail gas to pass through active carbon to adsorb the particles existing after the tail gas reaction.

Conversion of Isovaleraldehyde	Content of isoamyl alcohol	Content of exhaust gas	Relative density (kg/m)3)
				78％	1.7％	20.3％	800

Example 2

A method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) at normal temperature, mixing isoamyl alcohol and water according to a weight ratio of 7:3, slowly pouring the isoamyl alcohol into the water during mixing, continuously stirring the mixed solution during mixing, and slowing down the mixing speed if the temperature difference between the mixed solution and the room temperature is not more than 5 ℃ and the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃;

(2) paving 24-mesh electrolytic silver as a catalyst on an oxidation bed, wherein the thickness of the electrolytic silver catalyst is 17 mm;

(3) an igniter is arranged at a position 40-60 mm away from the upper part of the electrolytic silver catalyst and supported on a spherical insulating support to be used as the ignition for the initial reaction, the initial reaction is pushed to be carried out, and the igniter is turned off after the temperature of the electrolytic silver is heated to 300 ℃;

(4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃;

(5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator, heating to 95-100 ℃ for vaporization, simultaneously introducing air, controlling the speed of introducing the air to be 900L/s, and controlling the condition pressure to be 0.8 MPa;

(6) transferring the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam introduced with air into a superheater, gradually heating the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam to 135 ℃, and controlling the retention time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the superheater to be 0.15 s;

(7) in the reaction process, the temperature of an oxidation bed rises quickly, the air ratio in the oxidation bed is controlled to be 10-20%, when the temperature is too high, the air ratio is increased and is not higher than 20%, when the temperature is too low, the air ratio is reduced and is not lower than 10%, so that the concentration of isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the oxidation bed is controlled, the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 380 ℃ and is kept, side reactions are reduced, the unit consumption of the isoamyl aldehyde is increased, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through the oxidation bed, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through an electrolytic silver catalyst layer to carry out chemical reaction, the isoamyl alcohol is subjected to oxidation reaction and dehydrogenation reaction to generate the isoamyl aldehyde, the condition of the oxidation reaction is 0.8MPa, the temperature of the electrolytic silver reaction is 380 ℃, the residence time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passing through the silver catalyst layer is controlled to be generally 0.15s, the time is too short, the reaction is not sufficient, and the time is too long, side reactions increase;

(8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser, cold water continuously flows into the first-stage condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled, the first-stage condenser collects high-temperature process steam from the oxidation bed, and the high-temperature process steam is pushed into a superheater and an evaporator;

(9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser, cold water continuously flows into the secondary condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled for the second time, and then the high-temperature steam is collected to a receiving tank;

(10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated.

The tail gas treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) introducing the tail gas into a high-strength alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, and controlling the retention time of the tail gas in the liquid to be 1.3 s;

(2) introducing the tail gas subjected to alkali washing into ozone, and carrying out catalytic oxidation reaction on the ozone and the tail gas according to the volume part of 1: 1;

(3) and (3) leading the catalyzed tail gas to pass through active carbon to adsorb the particles existing after the tail gas reaction.

Conversion of Isovaleraldehyde	Content of isoamyl alcohol	Content of exhaust gas	Relative density (kg/m)3)
				79％	1.5％	19.5％	810

Example 3

A method for preparing isovaleraldehyde by continuously catalyzing isoamyl alcohol to be oxidized through electrolytic silver is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) at normal temperature, mixing isoamyl alcohol and water according to a weight ratio of 7:3, slowly pouring the isoamyl alcohol into the water during mixing, continuously stirring the mixed solution during mixing, and slowing down the mixing speed if the temperature difference between the mixed solution and the room temperature is not more than 5 ℃ and the temperature difference is more than 5 ℃;

(2) paving electrolytic silver with 40-mesh specification on the oxidation bed as a catalyst, wherein the thickness of the electrolytic silver catalyst is 20 mm;

(3) an igniter is arranged at a position 40-60 mm away from the upper part of the electrolytic silver catalyst and supported on a spherical insulating support to be used as the ignition for the initial reaction, the initial reaction is pushed to be carried out, and the igniter is turned off after the temperature of the electrolytic silver is heated to 320 ℃;

(4) heating the superheater to 135 ℃;

(5) transferring the prepared isoamyl alcohol mixed liquid into an evaporator, heating to 95-100 ℃ for vaporization, simultaneously introducing air, controlling the speed of introducing the air to be 1000L/s, and controlling the condition pressure to be 1.2 MPa;

(6) transferring the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam introduced with air into a superheater, gradually heating the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam to 135 ℃, and controlling the retention time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the superheater to be 0.2 s;

(7) in the reaction process, the temperature of an oxidation bed rises quickly, the air ratio in the oxidation bed is controlled to be 10-20%, when the temperature is too high, the air ratio is increased and is not higher than 20%, when the temperature is too low, the air ratio is reduced and is not lower than 10%, so that the concentration of isoamyl alcohol mixed steam in the oxidation bed is controlled, the oxidation temperature is adjusted to 400 ℃ and is maintained, side reactions are reduced, the unit consumption of the isoamyl aldehyde is increased, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through the oxidation bed, the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passes through an electrolytic silver catalyst layer to carry out chemical reaction, the isoamyl alcohol is subjected to oxidation reaction and dehydrogenation reaction to generate the isoamyl aldehyde, the condition of the oxidation reaction is 1.0MPa, the temperature of the electrolytic silver reaction is 400 ℃, the residence time of the isoamyl alcohol mixed steam passing through the silver catalyst layer is controlled to be generally 0.2s, the time is too short, the reaction is not sufficient, and the time is too long, side reactions increase;

(8) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a first-stage condenser, cold water continuously flows into the first-stage condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled, the first-stage condenser collects high-temperature process steam from the oxidation bed, and the high-temperature process steam is pushed into a superheater and an evaporator;

(9) the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed flows through a secondary condenser, cold water continuously flows into the secondary condenser, the high-temperature steam flowing through the oxidation bed is cooled for the second time, and then the high-temperature steam is collected to a receiving tank;

(10) and tail gas is discharged after being treated.

The tail gas treatment comprises the following steps:

(1) introducing the tail gas into a high-strength alkali liquor prepared from sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and trisodium phosphate in a volume ratio of 1:1:2, and controlling the retention time of the tail gas in the liquid to be 1.5 s;

(2) introducing the tail gas subjected to alkali washing into ozone, and carrying out catalytic oxidation reaction on the ozone and the tail gas according to the volume part of 1: 1;

(3) and (3) leading the catalyzed tail gas to pass through active carbon to adsorb the particles existing after the tail gas reaction.

Conversion of Isovaleraldehyde	Content of isoamyl alcohol	Content of exhaust gas	Relative density (kg/m)3)
				80％	1.2％	18.8％	815

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.