阅读说明：本技术 伞齿轴车加工工艺 (Bevel gear shaft turning process ) 是由 廖满平 于 2021-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了伞齿轴车加工工艺,包括对原料进行如下加工：正火、粗车、探伤、精车、粗外磨、铣齿、倒棱、渗碳淬火、回丝、车碳层、外磨、铣键槽、磨齿、去毛刺、外磨、探伤检验,正火为将工件放置于加热炉中,在起始温度≤400℃下,然后加热炉以60-100℃/h的速率升温至920±20℃并保温6-8h,然后工件空冷至室温。本发明方案热处理重量轻,效率高。(The invention discloses a bevel gear shaft turning process, which comprises the following steps of: normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection, finish turning, rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning, carbon layer turning, external grinding, key slot milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection, wherein the normalizing comprises the steps of placing a workpiece in a heating furnace, heating to 920 +/-20 ℃ at the initial temperature of less than or equal to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6-8 hours at the rate of 60-100 ℃/h, and then air cooling the workpiece to the room temperature. The heat treatment of the scheme of the invention has light weight and high efficiency.)

1. The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection, finish turning, rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning, carbon layer turning, external grinding, key slot milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection.

2. The turning process of a bevel gear shaft according to claim 1, wherein in the finish turning step, the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft is carbon layer-removed.

3. The turning process of the bevel gear shaft according to claim 1, wherein in the step of turning the carbon layer, only the thread and/or the tool withdrawal groove of the bevel gear shaft is turned.

4. The turning process of the bevel gear shaft according to claim 1, wherein in the carburizing and quenching process, the workpiece is carburized, covered with a carbon source, and then heated to 860 to 890 ℃ for 1 to 1.5 hours, and the carburized layer formed by carburization has a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm.

5. The turning process of bevel gear shaft according to claim 4, wherein the carbon source is a mixture of charcoal powder 100 parts, urea 1-2 parts, and sodium carbonate 4-8 parts.

6. The turning process of bevel gear shaft according to claim 5, wherein the carbon source is charcoal powder, urea, sodium carbonate, which is obtained after adding 10-13 wt.% of alcohol and wet milling for 1-2 hours.

7. The turning process of the bevel gear shaft according to claim 1, wherein in the carburizing and quenching process, the quenching is that the workpiece is heated to 910-930 ℃, kept warm for 4-5 hours and then cooled by quenching liquid.

8. The bevel gear shaft turning process according to claim 7, wherein the quenching liquid is medium-speed quenching oil.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of part treatment, in particular to a bevel gear shaft processing technology.

Background

The bevel gear shaft is an important connecting component, and qualified products can be obtained only after normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection, finish turning, rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning, carbon layer turning, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding, flaw detection and other treatment are carried out on workpieces in production and processing. In the prior art, a carbon layer is fully coated in the production and processing, particularly in the processes of finish turning and the like, particularly in the positions of a shaft diameter, an end face and the like, so that the weight required to be processed in the heat treatment process is higher, the heat treatment amount and time are increased, and the processing efficiency is influenced.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a bevel gear shaft processing technology which can effectively reduce the heat treatment amount of products, thereby saving energy consumption and operation time and improving the production and processing efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bevel gear shaft turning process, including the following steps: normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection, finish turning, rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning, carbon layer turning, external grinding, key slot milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection, wherein the normalizing comprises the steps of placing a workpiece in a heating furnace, heating to 920 +/-20 ℃ at the initial temperature of less than or equal to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6-80h at the rate of 60-100 ℃/h, and then air cooling the workpiece to the room temperature.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the finish turning step, the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft is removed with the carbon layer.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the carbon layer turning step, only the thread and/or the relief groove of the bevel gear shaft is turned.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the carburizing and quenching step, the workpiece is carburized, covered with a carbon source, and then heated to 860 to 890 ℃ for 1 to 1.5 hours, and the carburized layer formed by carburization has a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm. The surface hardness is HRC 58-62.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the carbon source is a mixture of 100 parts of charcoal powder, 1-2 parts of urea, and 4-8 parts of sodium carbonate.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the carbon source is charcoal powder, urea, and sodium carbonate obtained after adding 10-13 wt.% of alcohol and wet-milling for 1-2 hours.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, in the carburizing and quenching step, quenching is to heat the workpiece to 910-930 ℃, preserve heat for 4-5 h, and then cool the workpiece with quenching liquid.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the quench liquid is a medium speed quench oil.

Compared with the prior art, the bevel gear shaft turning process effectively improves the processing quality and the processing efficiency of workpieces, simultaneously saves raw materials because no carbon layer is left on the outer diameter and the end surface of the shaft, effectively improves the surface treatment effect of products, and ensures that the products have good surface treatment performance while improving the process.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.

Example 1

The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning and only thread turning and/or tool withdrawal groove, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection when the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to carbon layer removal during normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection and finish turning, wherein the normalizing is to place a workpiece in a heating furnace, heat the workpiece to 900 ℃ at the initial temperature of 400 ℃, heat the heating furnace at the rate of 100 ℃/h, keep the temperature for 8h, and then air cool the workpiece to the room temperature. And in the carburizing step, the workpiece is covered by a carbon source and then heated to 860 ℃ and kept for 1.5h, and the thickness of a carburized layer formed by carburizing is 2 mm. The surface hardness was HRC 61. The carbon source is a mixture of 100 parts of charcoal powder, 1 part of urea and 7 parts of sodium carbonate, and the mixture is obtained after 10 wt.% of alcohol is added and wet-milled for 1.8 hours. Quenching is to heat the workpiece to 910 ℃, preserve heat for 4.6 hours and then cool the workpiece by using medium-speed quenching liquid.

In the implementation process of the scheme, the statistical result of 100 samples is compared with that of the prior art (the same below), the heat treatment quality is reduced by 2-3%, the heat treatment efficiency is improved by 6-10%, the energy is saved by about 15-20%, the surface hardness of the product is HRC 58-62, and the service life is 100000 hours.

Example 2

The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning and only thread turning and/or tool withdrawal groove, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection when the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to carbon layer removal during normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection and finish turning, wherein the normalizing is to place a workpiece in a heating furnace, heat the workpiece to 900 ℃ at the initial temperature of 300 ℃, heat the heating furnace at the rate of 70 ℃/h and keep the temperature for 6h, and then air-cool the workpiece to the room temperature. And in the carburizing step, the workpiece is coated with a carbon source and then heated to 870 ℃ and kept for 1.4h, and the thickness of a carburized layer formed by carburizing is 2.5 mm. The surface hardness was HRC 59. The carbon source is a mixture of 100 parts of charcoal powder, 2 parts of urea and 6 parts of sodium carbonate, and the mixture is obtained after adding 13 wt.% of alcohol and wet grinding for 1.5 hours. Quenching is to heat the workpiece to 930 ℃, preserve heat for 4.2h and then cool the workpiece by using medium-speed quenching liquid.

In the implementation process of the scheme, the heat treatment quality is reduced by 2-3%, the heat treatment efficiency is improved by 6-10%, the energy is saved by about 15-20%, the surface hardness of the product is HRC 58-62, and the service life is 100000 hours.

Example 3

The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning and only thread turning and/or tool withdrawal groove, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection when the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to carbon layer removal during normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection and finish turning, wherein the workpiece is placed in a heating furnace for normalizing, the heating furnace is heated to 940 ℃ at the initial temperature of 200 ℃ at the speed of 90 ℃/h and is subjected to heat preservation for 7h, and then the workpiece is air-cooled to room temperature. And in the carburizing step, the workpiece is coated with a carbon source and then heated to 880 ℃ and kept for 1.2h, and the thickness of a carburized layer formed by carburizing is 2.4 mm. The surface hardness was HRC 60. The carbon source is a mixture of charcoal powder 100 parts, urea 1.5 parts and sodium carbonate 5 parts, and the mixture is obtained after adding 11 wt.% of alcohol and wet grinding for 1.2 hours. Quenching is to heat the workpiece to 920 ℃, preserve heat for 4.5h and then cool the workpiece by using medium-speed quenching liquid.

In the implementation process of the scheme, the heat treatment quality is reduced by 2-3%, the heat treatment efficiency is improved by 6-10%, the energy is saved by about 15-20%, the surface hardness of the product is HRC 58-62, and the service life is 100000 hours.

Example 4

The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning and only thread turning and/or tool withdrawal groove, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection when the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to carbon layer removal during normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection and finish turning, wherein the normalizing comprises the steps of placing a workpiece in a heating furnace, heating the heating furnace to 910 ℃ at the initial temperature of 150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6.5 hours at the rate of 80 ℃/h, and then air cooling the workpiece to the room temperature. And in the carburizing step, the workpiece is covered by a carbon source and then heated to 890 ℃ and kept for 1.5h, and the thickness of a carburized layer formed by carburizing is 2.3 mm. The surface hardness was HRC 58. The carbon source is a mixture of 100 parts of charcoal powder, 1.6 parts of urea and 8 parts of sodium carbonate, and the mixture is obtained after 12 wt.% of alcohol is added and wet-milled for 2 hours. Quenching is to heat the workpiece to 915 ℃, preserve heat for 5 hours and then cool the workpiece by using medium-speed quenching liquid.

In the implementation process of the scheme, the heat treatment quality is reduced by 2-3%, the heat treatment efficiency is improved by 6-10%, the energy is saved by about 15-20%, the surface hardness of the product is HRC 58-62, and the service life is 100000 hours.

Example 5

The bevel gear shaft turning process comprises the following steps of: the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to rough external grinding, gear milling, chamfering, carburizing and quenching, wire returning and only thread turning and/or tool withdrawal groove, external grinding, key groove milling, gear grinding, deburring, external grinding and flaw detection when the carbon layer is turned, wherein the shaft diameter and/or the end face of the bevel gear shaft are subjected to carbon layer removal during normalizing, rough turning, flaw detection and finish turning, the workpiece is placed in a heating furnace, the heating furnace is heated to 930 ℃ at the initial temperature of 250 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/h and is subjected to heat preservation for 7.5h, and then the workpiece is subjected to air cooling to room temperature. And in the carburizing step, the workpiece is covered by a carbon source and then heated to 875 ℃ and kept for 1h, and the thickness of a carburized layer formed by carburizing is 2.2 mm. The surface hardness was HRC 62. The carbon source is a mixture of charcoal powder 100 parts, urea 1.4 parts and sodium carbonate 4 parts, and the mixture is obtained by adding 10.5 wt.% of alcohol and wet-grinding for 1 hour. Quenching is to heat the workpiece to 925 ℃, preserve heat for 4 hours and then cool the workpiece by using medium-speed quenching liquid.

In the implementation process of the scheme, the heat treatment quality is reduced by 2-3%, the heat treatment efficiency is improved by 6-10%, the energy is saved by about 15-20%, the surface hardness of the product is HRC 58-62, and the service life is 100000 hours.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.