阅读说明：本技术 开关电路及其开关布局结构、电机控制器、变换器 (Switch circuit and switch layout structure thereof, motor controller and converter ) 是由 陈文杰 杜恩利 吴一凡 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了开关电路及其开关布局结构、电机控制器、变换器,开关布局结构包括直流母线电容、第一开关器件及第二开关器件；第一开关器件第一端通过正母线与直流母线电容正极电连接；第二开关器件第二端通过负母线与直流母线电容负极电连接；第一开关器件第二端、第二开关器件第一端分别与交流输出母线电连接；第一开关器件和第二开关器件交替排列成开关器件排,开关器件排中第一开关器件第一端、第二开关器件第二端位于该排同侧；该开关布局结构中两开关器件交替排布成排,两种开关器件不同端位于开关器件排的同侧,使两种开关器件与直流母线电容电连接的路径长度相近,有助于减小开关电路的杂散电感,提高应用该开关电路的变换器的性能和效率。(The invention discloses a switch circuit and a switch layout structure thereof, a motor controller and a converter, wherein the switch layout structure comprises a direct current bus capacitor, a first switch device and a second switch device; the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through the positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with the alternating current output bus; the first switching devices and the second switching devices are alternately arranged into a switching device row, and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in the switching device row are positioned on the same side of the row; two switching devices are alternately arranged in a row in the switch layout structure, different ends of the two switching devices are positioned on the same side of the switching device row, so that the path lengths of the two switching devices electrically connected with the direct-current bus capacitor are close, the stray inductance of the switching circuit is reduced, and the performance and the efficiency of a converter using the switching circuit are improved.)

1. A switch layout structure of a switching circuit, comprising:

a DC bus capacitor;

a first switching device, the first switching device being at least one;

a second switching device, the second switching device being at least one;

the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with an alternating current output bus;

the first switching devices and the second switching devices are alternately arranged in a switching device row, and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in the switching device row are positioned on the same side of the row.

2. The switch arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first switching devices and the second switching devices in the switching device row are connected in parallel, and the second terminals of all the first switching devices and the first terminals of all the second switching devices in the row are electrically connected to a same ac output bus.

3. The switch arrangement structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rows of switching devices are three rows, and the second terminal of the first switching device and the first terminal of the second switching device in the three rows are electrically connected to a U-phase alternating current output conductor, a V-phase alternating current output conductor, and a W-phase alternating current output conductor, respectively.

4. The switch arrangement of claim 3, wherein in each of the rows of switching devices, the first end of the first switching device and the second end of the second switching device are located on a side of the row facing the DC bus capacitor.

5. The switch layout structure according to claim 4, wherein three rows of the switching device rows are sequentially arranged along a preset direction, or sequentially arranged along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction; the preset direction is a direction in which the devices in the switching device row are sequentially arranged.

6. The switch arrangement of claim 4, wherein three rows of said switching device rows are arranged sequentially along a circumference of said DC bus capacitor.

7. The switch layout structure according to claim 3, wherein the dc bus capacitors are located on one side of each of the rows of switching devices in the arrangement direction, and three rows of the rows of switching devices are located on the same side of the dc bus capacitors.

8. The switch arrangement of claim 1, further comprising a heat sink, wherein each switching device is fixed to a surface of the heat sink.

9. The switch arrangement of claim 8, wherein the switching device is fixed to the heat sink surface by soldering or thermal adhesive.

10. The switch layout structure of claim 8, wherein in the row of switching devices, the first end of the first switching device and the second end of the second switching device are respectively close to the first edge of the heat sink; the first edge of the radiator is close to the direct current bus capacitor.

11. The switch arrangement of claim 3, wherein in the bank of switching devices, the first ends of all first switching devices are electrically connected to the positive pole of the DC bus capacitor through the same positive bus, and the second ends of all second switching devices are electrically connected to the negative pole of the DC bus capacitor through the same negative bus.

12. The switch arrangement of claim 11, wherein said positive and negative bus bars cooperating with the same row of said switching devices are arranged in a stack.

13. The switch layout structure of claim 11 wherein the first ends of all the first switching devices are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same positive bus, and the second ends of all the second switching devices are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same negative bus.

14. The switch arrangement of claim 1, wherein the first and second terminals of the switching device are located at opposite ends of the switching device.

15. A switch layout structure of a switching circuit, comprising:

a DC bus capacitor;

a first switching device, the first switching device being at least one;

a second switching device, the second switching device being at least one;

the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with an alternating current output bus;

the first switching device and the second switching device are respectively arranged in different rows; and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in each row face to the same side.

16. The switch arrangement of claim 15, further comprising a heat sink, wherein the first row of switching devices and the second row of switching devices are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the heat sink.

17. A switching circuit comprising a switch arrangement, wherein the switch arrangement is according to any one of claims 1-16.

18. The switching circuit according to claim 17, wherein the dc bus capacitor is separate from the positive bus and the negative bus, respectively; or

The direct current bus capacitor, the positive bus and the negative bus are of an integrated structure.

19. A motor controller, characterized in that the control circuit of the motor controller is the switching circuit of claim 17 or 18;

the first switching device and the second switching device are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the direct current bus capacitor through the positive bus and the negative bus, and the direct current bus capacitor is used for being connected in series with the direct current capacitor; the first switching device and the second switching device are electrically connected with a motor through the alternating current output bus.

20. A converter comprising a main power circuit, wherein the main power circuit is the switching circuit of claim 17 or 18.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit device layout design, in particular to a switch layout structure of a switch circuit, the switch circuit, a motor controller and a converter.

Background

The main power circuit topology of the converter is a three-phase full bridge circuit shown in fig. 1, and three upper bridge arms and three lower bridge arms are formed by connecting switching devices (such as IGBTs or MOSFETs) in parallel. Taking U-phase as an example, referring to fig. 2, n first switching devices (e.g. IGBT or MOSFET, n is greater than or equal to 2), which may also be referred to as upper tube switching devices, are connected in parallel to form an upper bridge arm, and a pin 101 of C pole (or D pole) of all the first switching devices is connected to a dc bus capacitor through a positive bus, and a pin 102 of E pole (or S pole) is connected to a U-phase ac output; n second switching devices (such as IGBTs or MOSFETs, n is greater than or equal to 2), which may also be referred to as lower-tube switching devices, are connected in parallel to form a lower bridge arm, C-pole (or D-pole) pins 201 of all the second switching devices are connected with the U-phase alternating current output, E-pole (or S-pole) pins 202 are connected with a direct-current bus capacitor through a negative bus, and the structure of the first switching device (the second switching device) is shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein C-pole (or D-pole) pins 101(201) and E-pole (or S-pole) pins 102(202) are respectively disposed at two opposite ends of the first switching device (the second switching device); the main power circuit of U phase is formed, and the circuit structure of V phase and W phase is similar to that of U phase.

However, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the layout structure of the switching devices in the main power circuit of the converter includes that a pin 101 of a C pole (or a D pole) of the first switching device and a pin 202 of an E pole (or an S pole) of the second switching device are distributed at two opposite ends of two rows of switching devices, so that the lengths of connection paths between the first switching device 1 and the second switching device 2 and the dc bus capacitor are greatly different, and further, the overlapping areas of a positive bus for connecting the first switching device 1 and the dc bus capacitor and a negative bus for connecting the second switching device 2 and the dc bus capacitor are relatively small, and the stray inductance of the main power circuit is inversely related to the effective stacking area of the positive bus and the negative bus, so that the conventional layout structure of the switching devices may cause large stray inductance of the main power circuit, and affect the performance and efficiency of the converter.

In summary, a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to solve the problem that in the prior art, the performance and efficiency of the converter are affected by large stray inductance due to large difference in path length between the upper and lower tube switching devices and the dc bus capacitor in the main power circuit.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a switch layout structure of a switch circuit, so that the lengths of paths for electrically connecting two switch devices and a dc bus capacitor are close, thereby reducing the stray inductance of the switch circuit and improving the performance and efficiency of a converter using the switch circuit.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a switch circuit, a motor controller and an inverter applying the switch layout structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a switch layout structure of a switching circuit, comprising:

a DC bus capacitor;

a first switching device, the first switching device being at least one;

a second switching device, the second switching device being at least one;

the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with an alternating current output bus;

the first switching devices and the second switching devices are alternately arranged in a switching device row, and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in the switching device row are positioned on the same side of the row.

Preferably, the first switching devices in the switching device row are multiple and connected in parallel with each other, the second switching devices are multiple and connected in parallel with each other, and the second ends of all the first switching devices and the first ends of all the second switching devices in the row are electrically connected with the same ac output bus.

Preferably, the rows of the switching devices are three rows, and the second terminal of the first switching device and the first terminal of the second switching device in the three rows are electrically connected to the U-phase alternating current output conductor, the V-phase alternating current output conductor, and the W-phase alternating current output conductor, respectively.

Preferably, in each of the rows of switching devices, the first end of the first switching device and the second end of the second switching device are located on a side of the row facing the dc bus capacitor.

Preferably, three rows of the switching device rows are sequentially arranged along a preset direction, or sequentially arranged along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction; the preset direction is a direction in which the devices in the switching device row are sequentially arranged.

Preferably, three rows of the switching device rows are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the direct current bus capacitor.

Preferably, the dc bus capacitor is located at one side of each switching device in the switching device row in the arrangement direction, and three switching device rows are located at the same side of the dc bus capacitor.

Preferably, the switch device further comprises a heat sink, and each switch device is fixed on the surface of the heat sink.

Preferably, the switch device is fixed on the surface of the heat sink by welding or bonding with a heat-conducting glue.

Preferably, in the switching device row, a first end of the first switching device and a second end of the second switching device are respectively close to the first edge of the heat sink; the first edge of the radiator is close to the direct current bus capacitor.

Preferably, in the switching device row, the first ends of all the first switching devices are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same positive bus, and the second ends of all the second switching devices are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same negative bus.

Preferably, said positive and negative busbars cooperating with the same row of said switching devices are arranged in a stack.

Preferably, the first ends of all the first switching devices are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same positive bus, and the second ends of all the second switching devices are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor through the same negative bus.

Preferably, the first and second terminals of the switching device are located at opposite ends of the switching device.

A switch layout structure of a switching circuit, comprising:

a DC bus capacitor;

a first switching device, the first switching device being at least one;

a second switching device, the second switching device being at least one;

the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with an alternating current output bus;

the first switching device and the second switching device are respectively arranged in different rows; and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in each row face to the same side.

Preferably, the switching device further comprises a heat sink, and the first switching device row and the second switching device row are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the heat sink.

A switch circuit comprises a switch layout structure, wherein the switch layout structure is any one of the switch layout structures.

Preferably, the dc bus capacitor is separated from the positive bus and the negative bus; or

The direct current bus capacitor, the positive bus and the negative bus are of an integrated structure.

A motor controller, the control circuit of the motor controller is the switch circuit;

the first switching device and the second switching device are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the direct current bus capacitor through the positive bus and the negative bus, and the direct current bus capacitor is used for being connected in series with the direct current capacitor; the first switching device and the second switching device are electrically connected with a motor through the alternating current output bus. A converter comprising a main power circuit, the main power circuit being a switching circuit as described above.

The invention provides a switch layout structure of a switch circuit, which comprises a direct current bus capacitor, a first switch device and a second switch device; the number of the first switching devices is at least one; the second switching device is at least one; the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through the positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with the alternating current output bus; the first switching devices and the second switching devices are alternately arranged in a switching device row, and the first ends of the first switching devices and the second ends of the second switching devices in the switching device row are positioned on the same side of the row.

In the switch layout structure, the first switch devices and the second switch devices are alternately arranged in rows, and the first ends and the second ends of the two switch devices are respectively positioned at the same sides of the switch device rows, so that the path lengths of the two switch devices electrically connected with the direct-current bus capacitor are close, the effective overlapping area of the positive bus and the negative bus is increased, the stray inductance of the switch circuit is reduced, and the performance and the efficiency of a converter using the switch circuit are improved.

The invention also provides another switch layout structure, which comprises a direct current bus capacitor, a first switch device and a second switch device; the number of the first switching devices is at least one; the second switching device is at least one; the first end of the first switching device is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through the positive bus; the second end of the second switching device is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor through a negative bus; the second end of the first switching device and the first end of the second switching device are respectively and electrically connected with the alternating current output bus; the first switching device and the second switching device are arranged in different rows, respectively; the first end of the first switching device and the second end of the second switching device in each row face to the same side.

In the switch layout structure, the first and second switching devices are respectively arranged in different rows, and the first end of the first switching device and the second end of the second switching device in each row face towards the same side, so that the path length difference between the two switching devices and the direct-current bus capacitor electric connection can be shortened, the effective overlapping area of the positive bus and the negative bus can be increased, the stray inductance of the switching circuit can be reduced, and the performance and the efficiency of a converter using the switching circuit can be improved.

The invention also provides a switch circuit, a motor controller and a converter which use the switch layout structure, and the stray inductance is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a prior art main power circuit topology diagram of a motor controller;

FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the U-phase of the motor controller shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a discrete switching device in the prior art;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a prior art discrete switching device;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a main power circuit of a motor controller in the prior art;

FIG. 6 is an assembly view of a DC bus capacitor, top tube switching device and positive bus in a prior art main power circuit of a motor controller;

FIG. 7 is an assembly view of a DC bus capacitor, an upper tube switching device, a lower tube switching device, a positive bus and a negative bus in a main power circuit of a motor controller in the prior art;

FIG. 8 is an assembly view of a DC bus capacitor, an upper tube switching device, a lower tube switching device, a positive bus, a negative bus, and an AC output of a prior art motor controller main power circuit;

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a first embodiment of the invention;

fig. 10 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a switching device row formed by a first switching device and a second switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a front view of a switching device bank formed by a first switching device and a second switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 14 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a third embodiment of the invention;

fig. 16 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 18 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 20 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;

fig. 22 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;

fig. 24 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 25 is a front view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

1 is a first switching device; 2 is a second switching device; 101/201 is a class C (class D) pin; 102/202 is a class E (class S) pin; 3 is a positive bus; 4 is a negative bus; 5 is a radiator; 6 is a U-shaped alternating current output conductor; 7 is a V-shaped alternating current output conductor; 8 is W AC output conductor; and 9 is a direct current bus capacitor.

Detailed Description

The core of the invention is to provide a switch layout structure of the switch circuit, so that the lengths of paths for electrically connecting two switch devices with the direct current bus capacitor are similar, the stray inductance of the switch circuit is reduced, and the performance and the efficiency of a converter applying the switch circuit are improved.

The other core of the invention is to provide a switch circuit, a motor controller and an inverter applying the switch layout structure.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 9 to 12, fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a switch layout structure of a switch circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 10 is a front view of the switch layout structure of the switch circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a switch device bank formed by a first switch device and a second switch device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 12 is a front view of the switch device bank formed by the first switch device and the second switch device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention provides a switch layout structure of a switch circuit in the embodiment shown in the above figures, the switch layout structure includes a dc bus capacitor 9, a first switch device 1 and a second switch device 2.

The first switch device 1 and the second switch device 2 are at least one, a C-level (D-level) pin 101(201) and an E-level (S-level) pin 102(202) are respectively led out from two opposite ends of the first switch device 1 and the second switch device 2, and the C-level (D-level) pin 101 at the first end of the first switch device 1 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current bus capacitor 9 through the positive bus 3; a second terminal E-stage (S-stage) pin 202 of the second switching device 2 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor 9 through the negative bus 4; the second end of the first switching device 1 and the first end of the second switching device 2 are respectively and electrically connected with an alternating current output bus to form a U-phase, V-phase or W-phase main power circuit; the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 are alternately arranged in a switching device row, the alternating arrangement of the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 may be that the device main portions of the two switching devices shown in fig. 9 to 12 are in the same plane, if the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 are respectively provided in plural, the device main portions of the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 are in the same plane, or the device main portions of the two switching devices are respectively provided in two planes, the two planes are arranged in parallel or at an included angle, if the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 are respectively provided in plural, the switching device row formed by the first switching devices 1 and the second switching devices 2 may be arranged in a plane in a transverse direction and/or a longitudinal direction, and the first ends of the first switching devices 1, the second ends of the second switching devices 2, in the switching device row, and the first ends of the first switching devices 1, the second ends of the second switching devices 2, and the second ends of the first switching device row may be arranged in a same plane, The second terminals of the second switching devices 2 are located on the same side of the row.

Compared with the prior art, in the switch layout structure provided in the above embodiment of the present invention, the first switch devices 1 and the second switch devices 2 are alternately arranged in a row, and the first ends and the second ends of the two switch devices are respectively located at the same side of the switch device row, so that the path lengths of the two switch devices electrically connected to the dc bus capacitor 9 are close, which is helpful for increasing the effective overlapping area of the positive bus 4 and the negative bus 4, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the stray inductance of the switch circuit and improving the performance and efficiency of the converter using the switch circuit.

The switching device bank may be composed of only one first switching device 1 and one second switching device 2 as shown in fig. 9-12, or may be composed of a plurality of first switching devices 1 and a plurality of second switching devices 2, wherein the number of the first switching devices 1 is the same as that of the second switching devices 2, as shown in the embodiments of fig. 13 and 14, the first switching devices 1 in the switching device bank are a plurality and the C-stage (D-stage) pins of each first switching device 1 are connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through the positive bus 3, the second switching devices 2 are a plurality of the E-stage (S-stage) pins of each second switching device 2 are connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through the negative bus 4, and the second E-stage (S-stage) pins of all the first switching devices 1 and the first C-stage (D-stage) pins of all the second switching devices 2 in the switching device bank are electrically connected to the same ac output bus, to form one of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase.

In one switching arrangement, the rows of switching devices may have a plurality of rows, and each row of switching devices may be arranged in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction in a plane, specifically, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the rows of switching devices are three rows, and the second-end E-stage (S-stage) pin of the first switching device 1 and the first-end C-stage (D-stage) pin of the second switching device 2 in the first row are electrically connected to the U-phase alternating current output conductor 6, the second-end E-stage (S-stage) pin of the first switching device 1 and the first-end C-stage (D-stage) pin of the second switching device 2 in the second row are electrically connected to the V-phase alternating current output conductor 7, and the second-end E-stage (S-stage) pin of the first switching device 1 and the first-end C-stage (D-stage) pin of the second switching device 2 in the third row are electrically connected to the W-phase alternating current output conductor 8.

Preferably, in each of the above-mentioned rows of switching devices, the first end of the first switching device 1 and the second end of the second switching device 2 are both located on the side of the row facing the dc bus capacitor 9.

Specifically, according to the structure of the dc bus capacitor 9, each row of switching device rows may be arranged along a straight line or a curved line, that is, each row of switching device rows is arranged sequentially along a preset direction or sequentially along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction; the preset direction is a direction in which the devices in the switch device rows are sequentially arranged, or the switch device rows are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the direct current bus capacitor 9.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, in this embodiment, three rows of switching device rows are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the above-described preset direction, and this arrangement forms an arrangement structure in which the respective switching devices form an approximate matrix, and the U-phase alternating current output conductor 6 terminal, the V-phase alternating current output conductor 7 terminal, and the W-phase alternating current output conductor 8 terminal are located on one side of the corresponding switching device row, respectively.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 17 and 18, three rows of switching device rows are arranged in the above-described preset direction, and as can be seen from the figure, the three rows of switching device rows are arranged in a straight line in a long structure, and the U-phase alternating current output conductor 6 terminal, the V-phase alternating current output conductor 7 terminal, and the W-phase alternating current output conductor 8 terminal are respectively located at one end of the corresponding switching device row remote from the direct current bus capacitor 9.

As shown in fig. 19 and 20, the dc bus capacitor 9 has a cylindrical structure, three rows of switching device rows are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the dc bus capacitor 9, and the switching devices in each switching device row are radially arranged in the radial direction of the dc bus capacitor 9, and accordingly, the U-phase ac output conductor 6, the V-phase ac output conductor 7, and the W-phase ac output conductor 8 have an arc-shaped structure, respectively, or the side of the U-phase ac output conductor 6, the V-phase ac output conductor 7, and the W-phase ac output conductor 8 connected to each switching device row has an arc-shaped structure to be connected to each switching device of the corresponding switching device row.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 21 and 22, the dc bus capacitor 9 is in a rounded triangular prism shape, three rows of switching device rows are respectively disposed on three sides of the dc bus capacitor 9, and one switching device row may be disposed on each side of the dc bus capacitor 9, or a plurality of switching device rows may be disposed.

It should be noted that although in the embodiments shown in fig. 15 to fig. 20, each switching device row is composed of three first switching devices 1 and three second switching devices 2, and in the embodiments shown in fig. 21 and fig. 22, each switching device row is composed of two first switching devices 1 and two second switching devices 2, it does not mean that the switching device row must be composed of two or three pairs of first switching devices 1 and second switching devices 2, and in practical applications, the number of pairs of first switching devices 1 and second switching devices 2 in the switching device row may be increased or decreased as needed, and is not limited herein.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 23 and 24, in another embodiment of the present invention, the dc bus capacitor 9 is located at one side of the arrangement direction of each switching device in the switching device row, and three rows of switching device rows are located at the same side of the dc bus capacitor 9, unlike the solution shown in fig. 15 and 16, in the embodiment shown in fig. 23 and 24, the position of the dc bus capacitor 9 is shifted to the side of each switching device row.

In the embodiments of fig. 9, 10, and 13-24, the heat sink 5 is not shown, each switching device is respectively fixed on the surface of the heat sink 5, each switching device may be fixed on the same surface of the heat sink 5 or different surfaces of the heat sink 5 according to different arrangement modes of each first switching device 1 and each second switching device 2 in the switching device row, and the heat sink 5 includes, but is not limited to, a phase change heat sink 5, a water-cooled heat sink 5, an air-cooled heat sink 5, or a combined heat sink 5 of at least two of the three.

Preferably, each switching device is fixed on the surface of the heat sink 5 by welding or thermal adhesive.

Further, in the switch device bank, a first end class C (class D) pin of the first switch device 1 and a second end class E (class S) pin of the second switch device 2 are respectively close to a first edge of the heat sink 5; the first edge of the heat sink 5 is proximate to the dc bus capacitor 9. in the embodiments shown in fig. 9, 10 and 13-22, the heat sink 5 can be arranged as described above.

In the switch device row, the first ends of all the first switch devices 1 are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus capacitor 9 through the same positive bus 3, the second ends of all the second switch devices 2 are electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus capacitor 9 through the same negative bus 4, namely, each phase of main power circuit is respectively connected with the capacitors through a positive bus 4 and a negative bus 4.

Further, the positive bus bar 3 and the negative bus bar 4, which are mated with the same row of switching devices, are arranged in a stacked insulating arrangement, as shown in fig. 9, 10, and 13-24.

The first ends of all the first switching devices 1 are electrically connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through the same positive bus 3, and the second ends of all the second switching devices 2 are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through the same negative bus 4, that is, the same positive and negative buses 4 are used to connect to the capacitors in all the phase main power circuits, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 10, and fig. 13 to fig. 24.

The following describes another switch layout structure of a switch circuit, the switch layout structure includes a dc bus capacitor 9, a first switch device 1 and a second switch device 2, wherein the number of the first switch device 1 is at least one, the number of the second switch device 2 is at least one, a first end of the first switch device 1 is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through a positive bus 3, a second end of the second switch device 2 is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the dc bus capacitor 9 through a negative bus 4, a second end of the first switch device 1 and a first end of the second switch device 2 are respectively electrically connected to an ac output bus, the first switch device 1 and the second switch device 2 are respectively arranged in different rows, the first switch device row is located on a first plane, the second switch device row is located on a second plane, the first plane and the second plane are arranged at an included angle or in parallel, as shown in fig. 25, in the embodiment of the figure, the first plane refers to the upper surface of the heat sink 5, the second plane refers to the lower surface of the heat sink 5, when the upper and lower surfaces of the heat sink 5 are parallel, the first switching device row is arranged in parallel with the second switching device row, and if the upper and lower surfaces of the heat sink 5 are not parallel, the first switching device row and the second switching device row are not parallel accordingly; the first end of the first switching device 1 and the second end of the second switching device 2 in each row face the same side.

In the switch layout structure, the first and second switching devices 2 are respectively arranged in different rows, and the first end of the first switching device 1 and the second end of the second switching device 2 face to the same side in each row, so that the path length difference between the two switching devices and the direct-current bus capacitor 9 which are electrically connected can be shortened, the effective overlapping area of the positive bus and the negative bus 4 can be increased, the stray inductance of the switching circuit can be reduced, and the performance and the efficiency of a converter using the switching circuit can be improved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 25, the switch layout structure of the switch circuit further includes a heat sink 5, and a first switch device row and a second switch device row are respectively fixed on two opposite sides of the heat sink 5, a plurality of first switch devices 1 in the first switch device 1 row are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the paper in fig. 25, a plurality of second switch devices 2 in the second switch device 2 row are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the paper in fig. 25, accordingly, a positive bus bar 4 and a negative bus bar 4 in each phase extend in a direction perpendicular to the paper in fig. 25 to connect with each switch device of the switch device row, and in this embodiment, each phase of the main power circuit is connected with a capacitor by a positive bus bar 4 and a negative bus bar 4.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a switch circuit, where the switch circuit includes a switch layout structure, and the switch layout structure is the switch layout structure described in the foregoing embodiment.

Further optimizing the technical scheme, the direct current bus capacitor 9 is mutually separated from the positive bus 3 and the negative bus 4 respectively; or the direct current bus capacitor 9, the positive bus 3 and the negative bus 4 are in an integrated structure.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a motor controller, wherein a control circuit of the motor controller is the switch circuit described in the embodiment; the first switching device 1 and the second switching device 2 are connected in series and then connected with a direct current bus capacitor 9 in parallel through a positive bus 3 and a negative bus 4, and the direct current bus capacitor 9 is used for being connected with the direct current capacitor in series; the first switching device 1 and the second switching device 2 are electrically connected to the motor through an ac output bus.

Embodiments of the present invention further provide a converter, including a main power circuit, where the main power circuit is a switching circuit as described in the above embodiments.

Since the switch circuit described in the above embodiments is adopted and the switch circuit includes the switch layout structure, please refer to the description of the switch layout structure in the above embodiments for the technical effects of the motor controller and the inverter.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.