阅读说明：本技术 一种综采工作面软通道降尘系统及方法 (Fully-mechanized mining working face soft channel dust settling system and method ) 是由 陈成宇 卢志杰 王平 范红光 郭聪 刘晔赫 万鹏 袁广明 周游 卢博军 张帆 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于煤矿地下开采技术领域,具体为一种综采工作面软通道降尘系统及方法,为解决综采放顶煤工作面进行放顶煤工序时煤尘漂浮大的难题,在综采放顶煤支架的后排立柱上设置贯穿整个工作面的半透气软体风障,由此形成了支架前部的割煤工序风流软通道和支架后部的放顶煤工序风流软通道；当工作面进行割煤工序时,主要风流经过割煤工序风流软通道,供割煤工序风流软通道内的工作人员和冲淡瓦斯使用；而当工作面进行放顶煤工序时,停止割煤作业,让风量主要走放顶煤工序风流软通道,将放顶煤产生的煤尘和后部皮带运输机产生的煤尘沿放顶煤工序风流软通道带走；此方法可大大减少工作区域漂浮的煤尘,使得操作人员的工作环境变好、安全程度提高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of underground coal mining, in particular to a dust settling system and a dust settling method for a soft channel of a fully mechanized coal mining working face, aiming at solving the problem of large coal dust floating when the top coal caving working face is subjected to the top coal caving working procedure, a semi-permeable soft air barrier penetrating through the whole working face is arranged on a rear row of upright posts of a fully mechanized top coal caving support, so that a coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel at the front part of the support and a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel at the rear part of the support are formed; when the working face is subjected to a coal cutting procedure, the main air flow passes through the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting procedure and is used by workers and diluted gas in the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting procedure; when the working face is subjected to a top coal caving procedure, stopping coal cutting operation, and taking away coal dust generated by top coal caving and coal dust generated by a rear belt conveyor along the soft air flow channel of the top coal caving procedure by allowing air quantity to mainly flow through the soft air flow channel of the top coal caving procedure; the method can greatly reduce coal dust floating in the working area, so that the working environment of operators is improved, and the safety degree is improved.)

1. A fully mechanized coal mining working face soft channel dust fall system and method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of setting and producing process:

the first step is as follows: in a section back mining roadway for the top coal caving mining of a thick coal seam, a section air inlet gallery (22) paved with a transfer conveyor (20) and a belt conveyor (21) and used for transporting coal is arranged at the lower part, a section air return gallery (1) paved with a track (2) and used for transporting materials is arranged at the upper part, a fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12) is arranged between the section air inlet gallery (22) and the section air return gallery (1), and a fully mechanized top coal caving support (13) is installed in the fully mechanized top coal caving working face;

the second step is that: a front scraper conveyer (15) special for cutting coal is arranged at the front part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket (13), a rear scraper conveyer (16) special for caving coal is arranged at the rear part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket (13), spraying dust-settling devices are arranged on a coal cutter (11) of a fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12) and near a coal caving port (23) of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket (13), and the spraying dust-settling devices can automatically spray and settle dust when cutting coal and caving coal respectively;

the third step: the inner end surface of the top beam of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket (13) is tightly attached to the front column surface of the post-row upright post (7), a flexible wind barrier (8) which is provided with meshes and covers the upper space and the lower space of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket (13) is suspended by a tensioning rope (28) and a suspension hook (24), the soft air barrier (8) runs from the section air inlet gallery (22) to the section air return gallery (1) and continuously penetrates the whole fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12), the fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12) is divided into a front coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel (14) and a rear top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel (9), a coal cutting procedure air flow channel lower air inlet (19) and a coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet (3) of a coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel (14), a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel lower air inlet (17) and a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet (5) of a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel (9) are formed at the same time;

the fourth step: when a normal coal cutting process is carried out on a fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12), a coal cutting process air flow channel lower air inlet (19) of a coal cutting process air flow soft channel (14), a coal cutting process air flow soft channel upper air outlet (3), a top coal caving process air flow soft channel (9), a soft top coal caving process air flow soft channel lower air inlet (17) and a top coal caving process air flow soft channel upper air outlet (5) are not shielded, and a coal cutter (11) carries out normal coal cutting and spraying dust-falling work and the following forward frame moving process;

the fifth step: when the top coal caving working face (12) of the fully mechanized coal caving is about to carry out the top coal caving working procedure, stopping coal cutting work of the fully mechanized coal caving working face (12), arranging an upper wind shield (4) at an upper air outlet (3) of a coal cutting procedure wind flow soft channel (14), or simultaneously arranging a lower wind shield (18) at an air inlet (19) at the lower part of a coal cutting procedure wind flow channel of the coal cutting procedure wind flow soft channel (14) to force main wind flow to circulate along the top coal caving procedure wind flow soft channel (9);

and a sixth step: when the top coal caving process of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12) is carried out, a spraying dust-settling device near a coal caving port (23) is simultaneously opened, and an operator observes the process condition of top coal caving through meshes on the soft windbreak (8);

the seventh step: after the top coal caving process of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face (12) is finished, the lower wind shield (18) and the upper wind shield (4) are removed, and the next coal cutting and frame moving process can be carried out.

2. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the soft wind barrier (8) is made of flame-retardant curtain cloth or stainless steel soft window screen with dense meshes, the density of the meshes is 18-24 meshes, and a superimposable allowance of a moving frame distance is reserved between two adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports (13) when the soft wind barrier (8) is hung.

3. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the soft windbreak (8) is suspended in a segmented mode, the length of each segment is 2-6 of the length of the fully mechanized top coal caving support (13), locking strips (29) are additionally arranged at the left end and the right end of each segment respectively, and the locking strips (29) are magnetic absorbing strips or nylon buckle strips.

4. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the tension rope (28) is fixed in a segmented fixing mode, namely: the method is characterized in that 2-6 adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports (13) are arranged into a group of sections, one group of sections are provided with a tensioning rope (28), the tensioning rope (28) is an elastic tensioning rope (28) and is made of high-elasticity rubber or synthetic material, and the allowable stretching amount of each group of section length is larger than the maximum moving offset of the two adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports (13).

5. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the hanging hook (24) is a sliding hanging hook and comprises a left hook handle (30), a right hook handle (31), a left hook claw (35) and a right hook claw (36), the left hook handle (30) and the right hook claw (36) are integrated through an inner circular ring (34), the right hook handle (31) and the left hook claw (35) are integrated through an outer circular ring (33), and the inner circular ring (34) and the outer circular ring (33) are nested together and can rotate around the circle center in a sliding manner; a compression spring (32) is arranged between the hook left handle (30) and the hook right handle (31); the upper end of the soft wind barrier (8) is clamped between the hook left claw (35) and the hook right claw (36), and the upper end of the soft wind barrier (8) is a wind barrier folding stack (37).

6. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 5, wherein: the fully mechanized top coal caving support (13) is tightly attached to two ends of the lower end face of a top beam at the front part of the rear row of upright columns (7) and provided with fixed hooks (26), the fixed hooks (26) are provided with rope through holes (27), the tensioning ropes (28) penetrate through the rope through holes (27) in the fixed hooks (26) and inner circular rings (34) of the hanging hooks (24), and the soft windbreak (8) is hung at the front part of the rear row of upright columns (7) of the fully mechanized top coal caving support (13).

7. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: upper portion deep bead (4) and lower part deep bead (18) are the rectangle structure, just upper portion deep bead (4) and lower part deep bead (18) outside are provided with deep bead frame (38), and the middle of deep bead frame (38) is installed fire-retardant airtight cloth form material, for the fire-retardant airtight tire cord fabric (40) of air cylinder cloth or high strength that the colliery was used in the pit, the outside of frame is inlayed and is had four groups of permanent magnet all around, is deep bead upper portion magnet (39), deep bead lower part magnet (42), deep bead left side magnet (43) and deep bead right side magnet (41) respectively, and four groups of permanent magnet can splice each other.

8. The fully mechanized mining face soft channel dust settling system and method according to claim 1, wherein: the fully mechanized top coal caving support is characterized in that an upper end head support (6) is arranged at the upper end of the fully mechanized top coal caving support (13), a lower end head support (10) is arranged at the lower end of the fully mechanized top coal caving support (13), and a plurality of top coal caving supports are arranged between the upper end head support (6) and the lower end head support (13).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground mining, and particularly relates to a dust settling system and method for a soft channel of a fully mechanized coal mining face.

Background

In coal mine underground mining, when a mining coal bed is a soft coal bed, the dust fall problem of a fully mechanized top coal caving coal mining working face is a great problem influencing production, particularly the problem is more prominent in the fully mechanized top coal caving working face of a thick coal bed, and at present, two common methods are adopted: firstly, the working face is water injection and the interim water injection of coal wall in advance, secondly the spraying dust fall of working face coal cutting and coal caving in-process, in production practice, also can use these two kinds of methods simultaneously, but the dust fall effect is all unsatisfactory, this is because: the first method of advanced water injection and coal wall water injection can only wet part of coal seam cut by coal cutter, the part of coal seam is smaller, the top coal with larger percentage cannot be wet, and some individual mines adopt high-level drill holes to press high pressure water to the top of the coal seam for top coal injection, but the method has higher water injection cost and complex process, and cannot be applied to soft coal seam due to larger hole sealing difficulty, the second method has the advantages that the spraying dust fall in the coal cutting and discharging processes of working face can only play a role of local dust fall, the effect is better in the coal cutting process, the effect is poorer for explosive coal dust generated in top coal discharging, the generated coal dust is very large in the production of the working face, especially for middle top coal discharging bracket with rear conveyor, although the coal discharging port is also provided with spraying dust fall nozzle, the flow rate of coal is large, and the spraying dust fall nozzle is arranged on top coal discharging port, The flow is large, when coal is discharged from a plurality of coal ports, water sprayed by a spray nozzle is negligible, a rear conveyor special for drawing top coal is located in a narrow space with unsmooth airflow, and upwind coal dust generated during downward top coal conveying can be diffused to the whole space of a working face along with upwind airflow, so that the working face cannot work due to too large coal dust, production is seriously hindered, potential safety hazards caused by the working face are more serious, and a proper method for solving the problem is not provided at present.

In order to solve the problem of large coal dust floating when the top coal caving working face of the fully mechanized top coal caving is carried out, a semi-permeable soft air barrier penetrating through the whole working face is arranged on a rear row upright post of a fully mechanized top coal caving support, so that a coal cutting working procedure air flow soft channel at the front part of the support and a top coal caving working procedure air flow soft channel at the rear part of the support are formed; when the working face is subjected to a coal cutting procedure, the main air flow passes through the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting procedure and is used by workers and diluted gas in the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting procedure; and when the working face carries out the top coal caving process, the coal cutting operation is stopped, the air quantity mainly flows through the soft air flow channel of the top coal caving process, and the coal dust generated by the top coal caving and the coal dust generated by the rear conveyor are taken away along the soft air flow channel of the top coal caving process.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a fully mechanized mining working face soft channel dust settling system and a fully mechanized mining working face soft channel dust settling method, which aim to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology center.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fully mechanized coal mining working face soft channel dust fall system and a method thereof comprise the following steps of setting and production process:

the first step is as follows: in a section back mining roadway for thick coal seam caving coal mining, a section air inlet gallery paved with a transfer conveyor and a belt conveyor and used as coal transportation is arranged at the lower part, a section air return gallery paved with a rail and used as material transportation is arranged at the upper part, a fully mechanized top coal caving working face is arranged between the section air inlet gallery and the section air return gallery, and a fully mechanized top coal caving support is arranged in the fully mechanized top coal caving working face;

the second step is that: the front part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket is provided with a front scraper conveyor special for cutting coal, the rear part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket is provided with a rear scraper conveyor special for caving coal, spraying dust settling devices are arranged on a coal cutter of a fully mechanized top coal caving working face and near a coal caving port of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket, and the spraying dust settling devices can automatically spray and settle dust when cutting coal and caving coal respectively;

the third step: the soft air barrier is hung by a tensioning rope and a hanging hook, covers the upper space, the lower space and the upper space of the fully-mechanized top coal caving support, and is provided with meshes, the soft air barrier is lifted from a section air inlet gallery to a section air return gallery, the whole fully-mechanized top coal caving working face is connected, the fully-mechanized top coal caving working face is divided into a front coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel and a rear top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel, and a coal cutting procedure air flow channel lower air inlet, a coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet, a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel upper air inlet and a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet of the top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel are formed;

the fourth step: when the coal cutting working face of the fully mechanized top coal caving is subjected to a normal coal cutting working procedure, the lower air inlet of the coal cutting working procedure air flow passage of the coal cutting working procedure air flow soft passage, the upper air outlet of the coal cutting working procedure air flow soft passage, the lower air inlet of the top coal caving working procedure air flow soft passage and the upper air outlet of the top coal caving working procedure air flow soft passage are not shielded, and the coal cutter is subjected to normal coal cutting and spraying dust reduction work and the following forward frame moving working procedure;

the fifth step: when the top coal caving working face of the fully mechanized coal caving is about to carry out the top coal caving working face, stopping coal cutting work of the fully mechanized coal caving working face, arranging an upper air baffle at an upper air outlet of a coal cutting working procedure air flow soft channel of the coal cutting working procedure air flow soft channel, or arranging a lower air baffle at a lower air inlet of the coal cutting working procedure air flow channel of the coal cutting working procedure air flow soft channel, so as to force main air flow to circulate along the top coal caving working procedure air flow soft channel;

and a sixth step: when the top coal caving process of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face is carried out, a spraying dust-settling device near a coal caving port is started at the same time, and an operator observes the process condition of top coal caving through meshes on a soft windbreak;

the seventh step: after the top coal caving procedure of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face is finished, the lower wind shield and the upper wind shield are removed, and the next coal cutting and frame moving procedure can be carried out.

Preferably, the soft wind barrier is flame-retardant curtain cloth or stainless steel soft window screen with dense meshes, the density of the meshes is 18-24 meshes, and a superimposable allowance of a rack moving distance is reserved between two adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports when the soft wind barrier is hung.

Preferably, the soft windbreak is suspended in a segmented manner, the length of each segment is 2-6 of the length of the fully mechanized top coal caving support, and the left end and the right end of each segment are respectively provided with a locking strip which is a magnetic attraction strip or a nylon buckle strip.

Preferably, the tightening rope is fixed in a segmented manner, that is: the method is characterized in that 2-6 adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports are arranged into a group of sections, one group of sections are provided with a tensioning rope, the tensioning rope is an elastic tensioning rope and is made of high-elasticity rubber or synthetic materials, and the allowable stretchable amount of the length of each group of sections is larger than the maximum moving offset of the two adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports.

Preferably, the suspension hook is a sliding suspension hook and comprises a left hook handle, a right hook handle, a left hook claw and a right hook claw, wherein the left hook handle and the right hook claw are integrally manufactured through an inner circular ring, the right hook handle and the left hook claw are integrally manufactured through an outer circular ring, and the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring are nested together and can slide and rotate around the circle center; a compression spring is arranged between the left handle of the hook and the right handle of the hook; the upper end of the soft wind barrier is clamped between the left hook claw and the right hook claw of the hook, and the upper end of the soft wind barrier is folded and stacked.

Preferably, the two ends of the lower end face of the top beam, close to the front part of the rear row of stand columns, of the fully-mechanized top coal caving support are provided with fixing hooks, the fixing hooks are provided with through rope holes, the tensioning ropes penetrate through the through rope holes in the fixing hooks and the inner rings of the hanging hooks, and the soft windbreak is hung on the front part of the rear row of stand columns of the fully-mechanized top coal caving support.

Preferably, upper portion deep bead and lower part deep bead are the rectangle structure, just the upper portion deep bead and the lower part deep bead outside are provided with the deep bead frame, and the middle of deep bead frame is installed fire-retardant airtight cloth form material, for the coal mine down the air cylinder cloth or the flame-retardant airtight tire cord cloth of high strength of usefulness, the outside of frame is inlayed and is had four groups of permanent magnet all around, is deep bead upper portion magnet, deep bead lower part magnet, deep bead left side magnet and deep bead right side magnet respectively, and four groups of permanent magnet can splice each other.

Preferably, the upper end of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket is an upper end bracket, the lower end of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket is a lower end bracket, and a plurality of top coal caving brackets are arranged between the upper end bracket and the lower end bracket.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the soft channel method has the advantages of simple operation process, low labor intensity, no occupation of special operators, time and labor saving, and can be used for carrying out all process operations by common coal mining workers, and the existing high-position drilling water injection dust settling method needs special technical workers and special equipment, and is complex in process operation, time-consuming and labor-consuming.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a fully mechanized top coal caving face, an upper air tunnel and a lower air tunnel in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic position diagram of a soft windbreak suspended on a fully mechanized top coal caving support in the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the suspension mode of the soft windbreak in the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the suspension hook in the embodiment

Fig. 5 is a front view and a side view of a wind shield structure in an embodiment.

In the figure: 1. section return air level; 2. a track; 3. an air outlet at the upper part of the air flow soft channel in the coal cutting process; 4. an upper wind deflector; 5. an air outlet at the upper part of the air flow soft channel in the top coal caving process; 6. an upper end bracket; 7. a rear row of upright posts; 8. a soft windbreak; 9. an air flow soft channel in a top coal caving process; 10. a lower end bracket; 11. a coal cutter; 12. fully mechanized top coal caving working face; 13. fully mechanized top coal caving support; 14. the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting process; 15. a front scraper conveyor; 16. a rear scraper conveyor; 17. an air inlet at the lower part of the air flow soft channel in the top coal caving process; 18. a lower wind deflector; 19. an air inlet at the lower part of the air flow channel in the coal cutting process; 20. a reversed loader; 21. a belt conveyor; 22. a section air inlet gallery; 23. a coal discharge port; 24. a hanging hook; 25. a support top beam; 26. a fixed hook; 27. a rope through hole; 28. tensioning the rope; 29. a locking strip; 30. a left handle of the hook; 31. a right handle of the hook; 32. a compression spring; 33. an outer ring; 34. an inner circular ring; 35. a left hook claw of the hook; 36. a right hook claw of the hook; 37. folding and stacking the windbreak; 38. a windshield frame; 39. a windshield upper magnet; 40. the air-tight curtain cloth; 41. a magnet on the right side of the wind shield; 42. a lower magnet of the wind shield; 43. the magnet on the left side of the wind shield.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a fully mechanized coal mining working face soft channel dust fall system and a method thereof comprise the following steps of setting and production process:

the first step is as follows: in a section mining roadway for the top coal caving mining of a thick coal seam, a section air inlet gallery 22 paved with a transfer conveyor 20 and a belt conveyor 21 and used as coal transportation is arranged at the lower part, a section air return gallery 1 paved with a track 2 and used as material transportation is arranged at the upper part, a fully mechanized top coal caving working face 12 is arranged between the section air inlet gallery 22 and the section air return gallery 1, and a fully mechanized top coal caving support 13 is installed in the fully mechanized top coal caving working face;

the second step is that: a front scraper conveyor 15 special for cutting coal is arranged at the front part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13, a rear scraper conveyor 16 special for caving coal is arranged at the rear part of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13, spraying dust settling devices are arranged on the coal cutter 11 of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face 12 and near a coal caving port 23 of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13, and the spraying dust settling devices can automatically spray and settle dust when cutting and caving coal;

the third step: the inner end surface of the top beam of the fully-mechanized top coal caving bracket 13 is tightly attached to the front column surface of the rear row of columns 7, a soft air barrier 8 which covers the upper space, the lower space and the lower space of the fully-mechanized top coal caving bracket 13 and is provided with meshes is hung by a tensioning rope 28 and a hanging hook 24, the soft air barrier 8 is started from a section air inlet gallery 22 to a section air return gallery 1, the whole fully-mechanized top coal caving working face 12 is connected, the fully-mechanized top coal caving working face 12 is divided into a front coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel 14 and a rear top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel 9, and a coal cutting procedure air flow channel lower air inlet 19 and a coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet 3 of the coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel 14, a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel lower air inlet 17 and a top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel upper air outlet 5 of the top coal caving procedure air flow soft channel 9 are formed at the same time;

the fourth step: when the top coal caving working face 12 is subjected to a normal coal cutting process, the lower air inlet 19 of the coal cutting process air flow passage of the coal cutting process air flow soft passage 14, the upper air outlet 3 of the coal cutting process air flow soft passage, the lower air inlet 17 of the soft top coal caving process air flow soft passage of the top coal caving process air flow soft passage 9 and the upper air outlet 5 of the soft top coal caving process air flow soft passage are not shielded, and the coal cutter 11 is subjected to normal coal cutting and spraying dust reduction work and the following forward frame moving process;

the fifth step: when the top coal caving working face 12 of the fully mechanized coal caving is going to carry out the top coal caving working procedure, the coal cutting work of the fully mechanized coal caving working face 12 is stopped, an upper wind shield 4 is arranged at an upper wind outlet 3 of a coal cutting procedure wind flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting procedure wind flow soft channel, or a lower wind shield 18 is arranged at a lower wind inlet 19 of the coal cutting procedure wind flow channel of the coal cutting procedure wind flow soft channel 14, so that the main wind flow is forced to circulate along the top coal caving procedure wind flow soft channel 9;

and a sixth step: when the top coal caving process of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face 12 is carried out, a spraying dust-settling device near the coal caving port 23 is started at the same time, and an operator observes the process condition of top coal caving through meshes on the soft windbreak 8;

the seventh step: after the top coal caving process of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face 12 is finished, the lower wind shield 18 and the upper wind shield 4 are removed, and the next coal cutting and frame moving process can be carried out.

Specifically, the soft windbreak 8 is made of flame-retardant curtain cloth or stainless steel soft window screen with dense meshes, the density of the meshes is 18-24 meshes, and a superimposable allowance of a rack moving distance is reserved between two adjacent fully-mechanized top coal caving supports 13 when the soft windbreak 8 is hung.

Specifically, the soft windbreak 8 is suspended in a segmented manner, the length of each segment is 2-6 of the length of the fully mechanized top coal caving support 13, locking strips 29 are additionally arranged at the left end and the right end of each segment respectively, and the locking strips 29 are magnetic absorbing strips or nylon buckle strip strips.

In particular, the tightening rope 28 is fixed in a segmented fixing manner, that is: the adjacent 2-6 fully mechanized top coal caving supports 13 are arranged into a group of sections, one group of sections is provided with a tensioning rope 28, the tensioning rope 28 is an elastic tensioning rope 28 and is made of high-elasticity rubber or synthetic material, and the allowable stretchable amount of the section length of each group is larger than the maximum moving offset distance of the adjacent two fully mechanized top coal caving supports 13.

Specifically, the hanging hook 24 is a sliding hanging hook and comprises a left hook handle 30, a right hook handle 31, a left hook claw 35 and a right hook claw 36, wherein the left hook handle 30 and the right hook claw 36 are integrated through an inner circular ring 34, the right hook handle 31 and the left hook claw 35 are integrated through an outer circular ring 33, and the inner circular ring 34 and the outer circular ring 33 are nested together and can slide and rotate around the center of a circle; a compression spring 32 is arranged between the hook left handle 30 and the hook right handle 31; the upper end of the soft wind barrier 8 is clamped between the hook left claw 35 and the hook right claw 36, and the upper end of the soft wind barrier 8 is a wind barrier folded stack 37.

Specifically, the two ends of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13, which are close to the lower end face of the top beam at the front part of the rear row of upright columns 7, are provided with fixed hooks 26, the fixed hooks 26 are provided with rope through holes 27, the tensioning rope 28 passes through the rope through holes 27 on the fixed hooks 26 and the inner circular rings 34 of the hanging hooks 24, and the soft windbreak 8 is hung at the front part of the rear row of upright columns 7 of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13.

Specifically, upper portion deep bead 4 and lower part deep bead 18 are the rectangle structure, just the upper portion deep bead 4 and the 18 outside of lower part deep bead are provided with deep bead frame 38, and fire-retardant airtight cloth form material is installed to the centre of deep bead frame 38, for the fire-retardant airtight tyre cord cloth 40 of the air cylinder cloth or the fire-retardant of high strength of colliery usefulness in the pit, and the outside of frame is inlayed and is had four groups permanent magnet, is deep bead upper portion magnet 39, deep bead lower part magnet 42, deep bead left side magnet 43 and deep bead right side magnet 41 respectively, and four groups permanent magnet can splice each other.

Specifically, the upper end of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13 is an upper end bracket 6, the lower end of the fully mechanized top coal caving bracket 13 is a lower end bracket 10, and a plurality of top coal caving brackets are arranged between the upper end bracket 6 and the lower end bracket 13.

In the application of the embodiment, the top coal caving process can be carried out from the upper part of the working face frame by frame towards the lower part of the working face, before the top coal caving process is carried out on the working face, the upper wind shield 4 is placed at the upper air outlet 3 of the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting process to force the main air flow to be exhausted from the upper air outlet 5 of the air flow soft channel of the top coal caving process, because the arranged soft wind shield 8 adopts an integral fine mesh soft wind shield, when the top coal is caving on the upper end bracket 6, an operator can observe the specific condition of the top coal caving of the upper end bracket 6 in the air flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting process through meshes, when the top coal is caving on, the fine mesh on the soft wind shield 8 of the upper end bracket 6 is blocked by floating coal dust generated by the falling of the top coal, because of the flowing up-lane characteristic of the air flow, the coal dust diffused in the air flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting process is little, and most of the coal dust is brought to the section of the working face along with the up-going air flow in the soft channel 9 of the top coal caving process 1, at the moment, meshes on a soft windbreak 8 hung on a second top coal caving bracket at the upper part adjacent to the upper end head bracket 6 are not blocked, and an operator can observe the top coal caving condition of the upper end head bracket 6 through the meshes on the soft windbreak 8 hung on the second top coal caving bracket; by analogy, when the second round of top coal caving process is started after the first circulation process of the coal face is finished, all meshes are full of coal dust, an operator only needs to beat the soft air barrier 8 mesh on the adjacent support at the lower part of the top coal caving support to enable the dust adhered to the mesh to fall, the coal caving condition of the top coal caving support can be observed, and when the coal dust with high viscosity is encountered and the beat is difficult to fall, a special small-sized low-pressure spray water gun can be adopted to spray an observation window on the soft air barrier 8 mesh.

When the working face carries out the top coal caving process from the lower part to the upper part, an upper wind shield 4 and a lower wind shield 18 are simultaneously placed at an upper air outlet 3 of an air flow soft channel of the coal cutting process and an air inlet 19 at the lower part of an air flow channel of the coal cutting process, so that main air flow is forced to go upwards through the air flow soft channel 9 of the top coal caving process, a small amount of air flow is supplied for the air flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting process, when the coal is caving by a support 10 at the lower end of the working face, part of coal dust floats into the air flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting process, the air inlet amount of the air inlet 19 at the lower part of the air flow channel of the coal cutting process and the air outlet amount of the air outlet 3 at the upper part of the air flow soft channel of the coal cutting process are adjusted, so that the floating coal dust in the air flow soft channel 14 of the coal cutting process can be quickly dissipated, after the top coal caving process of a plurality of top coal caving supports at the lower part of the working face is finished, all the fine meshes of the soft air barriers 8 are gradually blocked, most of the coal generated by caving and most of the coal dust generated by the operation of a scraper conveyor 16 at the rear part of the working face The soft flow channel 9 is taken away by the upward wind flow, and when an operator needs to observe the caving coal condition of the working caving coal bracket, a special small-sized low-pressure spray water gun can be used for spraying an observation window on the soft air barrier 8 grid hung on the adjacent bracket at the lower part of the working caving coal bracket for observation.

In the process of the top coal caving procedure, the air quantity of the lower air inlet or the upper air outlet is adjusted by the lower air baffle 18 or the upper air baffle 4 at any time according to the coal dust floating condition in the coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel 14, so that the effect of minimum floating coal dust in the coal cutting procedure air flow soft channel 14 is achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.