阅读说明：本技术 一种兼具耐磨和自修复功能的自清洁水滑石/纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法 (Self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李永 李�瑞 宋浩杰 贾晓华 杨进 王思哲 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种兼具耐磨和自修复功能的自清洁水滑石/纤维织物复合材料及其制备方法。该方法采用原位生长工艺,包括以下步骤：首先,将棉织物、涤纶等不同种类织物在乙醇和水的混合溶液中清洗干净,烘干后备用；其次,配置不同水滑石前驱液,搅拌均匀后,加入反应釜中；再其次,将不同种类的织物浸泡到上述溶液中,一定时间后,进行水热反应,在织物表面原位生长不同种类的水滑石；最后,将上述织物浸泡在硬脂酸的乙醇溶液中进行改性,得到一种耐磨自修复水滑石自清洁织物。不同种类水滑石在纤维束表面能够均匀生长,形成多孔微纳结构,所得织物具有优异的自清洁性能,接触角在155°以上,滚动角小于5°。(The invention discloses a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions and a preparation method thereof. The method adopts an in-situ growth process and comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning different fabrics such as cotton fabrics, terylene and the like in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and drying for later use; secondly, preparing different hydrotalcite precursor solutions, stirring uniformly, and adding into a reaction kettle; secondly, soaking different fabrics into the solution, carrying out hydrothermal reaction after a certain time, and growing different kinds of hydrotalcite on the surfaces of the fabrics in situ; and finally, soaking the fabric in an ethanol solution of stearic acid for modification to obtain the wear-resistant self-repairing hydrotalcite self-cleaning fabric. Different kinds of hydrotalcite can grow uniformly on the surface of the fiber bundle to form a porous micro-nano structure, and the obtained fabric has excellent self-cleaning performance, the contact angle is more than 155 degrees, and the rolling angle is less than 5 degrees.)

1. A preparation method of a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, adding a divalent metal salt and a trivalent metal salt into deionized water, and stirring uniformly to form a solution A; sequentially adding ammonium fluoride and urea into the solution A to obtain a precursor solution B of the hydrotalcite;

step 2, soaking the fiber fabric in a precursor liquid B of hydrotalcite to carry out hydrothermal reaction;

step 3, taking out the fabric after the hydrothermal reaction, cleaning, and drying the fiber fabric to obtain the fiber fabric with the hydrotalcite growing on the surface for later use;

and 4, soaking the fiber fabric with the hydrotalcite growing on the surface in an ethanol solution of stearic acid, taking out and drying after soaking, and obtaining the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the functions of wear resistance and self-repair.

2. The method for preparing the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with both wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the trivalent metal salt is aluminum nitrate, and the divalent metal salt is magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, cobalt nitrate or nickel nitrate.

3. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with both wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of trivalent metal salt in the precursor liquid B is 0.01-0.15 mol/L, the concentration of divalent metal salt is 0.05-0.2 mol/L, the concentration of ammonium fluoride is 0.05-0.5 mol/L, and the concentration of urea is 0.1-0.5 mol/L.

4. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the functions of wear resistance and self-repair according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the fiber fabric is soaked in the hydrotalcite precursor liquid B for 5-30 min.

5. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 50-140 ℃ and the hydrothermal time is 5-24 h.

6. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃ and the drying time is 2-12 h.

7. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the concentration of stearic acid in the ethanol solution of stearic acid is 0.01-0.08 mol/L.

8. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the drying time is 10-100 min.

9. The preparation method of the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, ammonium fluoride and urea are added and then stirred for 10min respectively.

10. The self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9, is characterized in that lamellar hydrotalcite grows on the surface of the fiber fabric, and the lamellar hydrotalcite is stacked to form a porous structure.

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional composite materials, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions and a preparation method thereof.

[ background of the invention ]

The fabric is one of important materials for people to live on, has the characteristics of a loose and porous structure, and has wide application fields, such as medical treatment, clothes, home decoration, bedding, transportation, military field, public place and the like. The fabric has good moisture absorption and water absorption, so the fabric is extremely easy to be polluted, and the application of the fabric in some occasions is limited. In recent years, super-hydrophobic fabrics have attracted much attention as an important functional material. The fabric has certain surface roughness, and the micro-nano coarse structure on the super-hydrophobic surface can be quickly and simply constructed by means of the texture structure of the fabric, so that the structure is favorable for forming an air layer, the surface of the fabric has a high contact angle and an extremely low rolling angle, and the self-cleaning effect is achieved. The self-cleaning property of the super-hydrophobic fabric can effectively reduce the washing times, thereby avoiding the waste of resources and energy sources required by washing. However, most superhydrophobic textiles have poor durability, especially when they are subjected to extreme environments such as mechanical scratching, ultraviolet irradiation, burning, chemical attack, etc., which can result in permanent loss of the superhydrophobic properties of the textiles, severely hampering the practical application of the superhydrophobic textiles.

Lv and the like irradiate the cotton fabric for 100s by ultraviolet light, and then modify the functionalized metal nano particles, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (VPDMS), trimethylolpropane triacrylate and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanol on the surface of the fabric to obtain the magnetic flame-retardant super-hydrophobic fabric (ACS applied. Mater. interfaces, 202012, 45296-45305). Anjum et al prepared superhydrophobic fabrics with contact angles of 171 ° using an alkaline etching, cationization process. The resulting superhydrophobic fabrics have good hydrophobicity and exhibit some chemical, mechanical stability and self-cleaning properties (Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2020, 563, 62-73). Liwulong et al discloses a superhydrophobic fabric and a method of making the same. Fluoroalkyl aromatic amine is used as a reaction monomer, and a super-hydrophobic fabric (CN202010421498.4) is prepared through diazotization reaction and free radical polymerization. Although many super-hydrophobic fabrics are reported, the existing technology for preparing the super-hydrophobic self-cleaning fabric is relatively complex in preparation process, generates a large amount of waste, is expensive in raw materials, toxic and harmful in raw materials and relatively single in function. Importantly, the rough structure of the surface of the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric is easy to damage, the stability under extreme environment is still poor, and the practical application of the super-hydrophobic fabric is severely limited. How to prepare the multifunctional super-hydrophobic fabric with wear resistance and extreme environment resistance by a simple method and technology is a problem to be solved urgently at present.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the preparation method in the prior art is complicated, the rough structure of the surface of the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric is easy to damage, and the stability in an extreme environment is poor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

a preparation method of a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions comprises the following steps:

step 1, adding a divalent metal salt and a trivalent metal salt into deionized water, and stirring uniformly to form a solution A; sequentially adding ammonium fluoride and urea into the solution A to obtain a precursor solution B of the hydrotalcite;

step 2, soaking the fiber fabric in a precursor liquid B of hydrotalcite to carry out hydrothermal reaction;

step 3, taking out the fabric after the hydrothermal reaction, cleaning, and drying the fiber fabric to obtain the fiber fabric with the hydrotalcite growing on the surface for later use;

and 4, soaking the fiber fabric with the hydrotalcite growing on the surface in an ethanol solution of stearic acid, taking out and drying after soaking, and obtaining the self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the functions of wear resistance and self-repair.

The invention is further improved in that:

preferably, in step 1, the trivalent metal salt is aluminum nitrate, and the divalent metal salt is magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, cobalt nitrate or nickel nitrate.

Preferably, the concentration of the trivalent metal salt in the precursor liquid B is 0.01-0.15 mol/L, the concentration of the divalent metal salt is 0.05-0.2 mol/L, the concentration of the ammonium fluoride is 0.05-0.5 mol/L, and the concentration of the urea is 0.1-0.5 mol/L.

Preferably, in step 2, the fiber fabric is soaked in the hydrotalcite precursor liquid B for 5-30 min.

Preferably, in the step 2, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 50-140 ℃ and the hydrothermal time is 5-24 h.

Preferably, in the step 3, the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃ and the drying time is 2-12 h.

Preferably, in the step 4, the concentration of stearic acid in the ethanol solution of stearic acid is 0.01-0.08 mol/L.

Preferably, in the step 4, the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the drying time is 10-100 min.

Preferably, in step 1, ammonium fluoride and urea are added and then stirred for 10 min.

The self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions, which is prepared by any one of the preparation methods, is characterized in that lamellar hydrotalcite grows on the surface of the fiber fabric, and the lamellar hydrotalcite is stacked to form a porous structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses a preparation method of a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions. The method adopts an in-situ growth process, and comprises the steps of firstly, cleaning different fabrics such as cotton fabrics, terylene and the like in a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and drying for later use; secondly, preparing different hydrotalcite precursor solutions, stirring uniformly, and adding into a reaction kettle; secondly, soaking different fabrics into the solution for a certain time, and then carrying out hydrothermal reaction to grow different kinds of hydrotalcite on the surfaces of the fabrics in situ; and finally, soaking the fabric in an ethanol solution of stearic acid for modification to obtain the wear-resistant self-repairing hydrotalcite self-cleaning fabric. Different kinds of hydrotalcite can be uniformly grown in situ on the surface of a fiber bundle, the fabric with the hydrotalcite is soaked in stearic acid, the chemical composition of the surface of the hydrotalcite is changed, the stearic acid is grafted on the surface of the hydrotalcite, and finally, layered hydrotalcites are stacked to form a porous micro-nano structure, so that the obtained fabric has excellent self-cleaning performance, the contact angle is more than 155 degrees, and the rolling angle is less than 5 degrees. The preparation method has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple preparation process, low cost, large-scale use and wide application prospect in the aspects of development and application of high-performance fiber fabrics. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, large-scale use, mild production process conditions, no use of organic solvent, less generated waste, environment-friendly, safe and nontoxic raw materials, and excellent flame retardant property and recyclable self-repairing function of the prepared material. The whole preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the raw materials are fluorine-free, non-toxic and harmless and do not produce harm.

The invention also discloses a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the functions of wear resistance and self-repair, wherein hydrotalcite is grown on the surface of the fiber fabric, and the hydrotalcite is in a layered structure. The material still keeps a self-cleaning function after being soaked in an alkali solution and a salt solution, irradiated by ultraviolet light, polished by abrasive paper and scraped by a sharp object, and shows excellent mechanical wear resistance and environmental weather resistance; in addition, the material also has excellent flame retardant property and a recyclable self-repairing function. The obtained self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with both wear resistance and self-repairing function has excellent super-hydrophobic property, excellent mechanical wear resistance and self-repairing function, and can still maintain the self-cleaning function after acid-base soaking, ultraviolet irradiation, sanding and scraping of sharp objects, thereby showing excellent mechanical wear resistance and environmental weather resistance. Can be used in large scale, and has wide application prospect in the aspects of development and application of high-performance fiber fabrics.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is an XRD photograph and an electron micrograph of a material prepared according to the present invention after modification with stearic acid; wherein, the figure (a) is XRD of nickel aluminum hydrotalcite; (b) the figure is a morphology graph of a fiber grown with nickel aluminum hydrotalcite;

FIG. 2 is a picture of a self-healing performance test of a material prepared according to the present invention; wherein, the picture (a) is a contact angle picture of the material in the cyclic self-repairing process; (b) the figure shows that the water drops are spherical on the surface of the fabric;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a flame retardant performance test of a material prepared according to the present invention; wherein, the picture (a) is a picture of the super-hydrophobic fabric after combustion, and the picture has excellent flame retardant property; (b) the figure is a pure fabric burning picture which is easy to burn.

FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph of a material prepared according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a photograph of a UV resistance test of the prepared material of the present invention.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The invention discloses a self-cleaning hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with wear-resisting and self-repairing functions and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

(2) Respectively adding a certain amount of divalent metal salt and trivalent metal salt into a proper amount of deionized water at room temperature, wherein the divalent metal salt is aluminum nitrate, and the trivalent metal salt is aluminum nitrate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, cobalt nitrate or nickel nitrate. Stirring uniformly under the action of a magnetic rotor, wherein the stirring speed is 100-500 r/min, the stirring time is 5-20 min, and a uniform solution A is formed after stirring; then adding ammonium fluoride and urea in batches, stirring for 10-30min respectively after adding the ammonium fluoride and the urea, and controlling the pH value of the solution after adding the urea to finally obtain a precursor solution B of the hydrotalcite;

the concentration of aluminum nitrate in the precursor liquid B is 0.01-0.15 mol/L, the concentration of magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride, nickel nitrate or cobalt nitrate is 0.05-0.2 mol/L, the concentration of ammonium fluoride is 0.05-0.5 mol/L, and the concentration of urea is 0.1-0.5 mol/L.

(3) Filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding a cleaned fabric, pre-soaking for 5-30min, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at a certain temperature; the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 50-140 ℃, and the hydrothermal time is 5-24 h.

(4) And after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and placing the sample into an oven for drying for later use, wherein the drying temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the drying time is 2-12 h.

(5) Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in an ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.01-0.08 mol/L stearic acid for 10-40min for chemical modification to graft stearic acid on the surface of the hydrotalcite, taking out and drying the hydrotalcite at the drying temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 10-100 min, and thus obtaining the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions.

Example 1

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.1mol/L nickel nitrate and 0.05mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 10min at 200r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.4mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.3mol/L urea are added and stirred for 20min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 20min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 10h at 100 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and drying the sample in an oven at 50 ℃ for 12 hours for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.08mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 30min for chemical modification, then taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 60 ℃, and the drying time is 80min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained. As shown in fig. 1 (a), XRD analysis of the prepared material showed that layered hydrotalcite was grown on the surface of the fabric, indicating that nickel-aluminum hydrotalcite was successfully generated in situ on the surface of the fabric. Scanning electron microscope analysis is carried out on the prepared coating, and the hydrotalcite can be seen to grow uniformly on the surface of the fabric, so that a regular porous lamellar structure chart 1(b) is formed. The contact angle of the water on the surface of the fabric reaches 155 degrees, and the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees.

Example 2

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.08mol/L nickel nitrate and 0.1mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 10min at 300r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.3mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.2mol/L urea are added and stirred for 30min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 10min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 15h at 120 ℃. And after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and placing the sample in an oven to dry for 2 hours at 100 ℃ for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.06mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 20min for chemical modification, then taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃, and the drying time is 60min, thus obtaining the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the functions of wear resistance and self-repair. As shown in the graph (a) in FIG. 2, the super-hydrophobic fabric can be subjected to plasma treatment damage for multiple times and treated at 50 ℃ for 20min to repair the super-hydrophobic function, excellent self-repairing performance is shown, in addition, the obtained fabric has good wear resistance, and after being scraped, the exposed fiber fabric still has the super-hydrophobic performance, as shown in the graph (b) in FIG. 2. Because more stearic acid is grafted on the surface of the porous structure of the hydrotalcite, when the surface is damaged, the stearic acid grafted inside migrates to the surface, and the low surface energy is recovered.

Example 3:

and (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.15mol/L nickel nitrate and 0.08mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 15min at 100r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.2mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.4mol/L urea are added and stirred for 10min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 15min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 20h at 80 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and drying the sample in an oven at 60 ℃ for 10 hours for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.05mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 30min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 10min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained. As shown in fig. 3, when the flame retardant performance of the prepared material is analyzed, the hydrotalcite fabric modified by stearic acid has good flame retardancy, and the flame can be extinguished quickly, because the hydrotalcite has the flame retardant effect, and the hydrotalcite can generate water and carbon dioxide at high temperature to prevent combustion and does not re-combust, as shown in (a) of fig. 3, but (b) is a pure fabric combustion picture, it can be seen that the hydrotalcite fabric is very easy to combust. Has great development potential in the textile market, and reduces the fire threat of textile products from the source.

Example 4:

and (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.1mol/L cobalt nitrate and 0.12mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 11min at 400r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.25mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.5mol/L urea are added and respectively stirred for 15min to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 25min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 18h at 130 ℃. And after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, placing the sample in an oven, drying the sample for 11 hours at 70 ℃ and then drying the sample for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.03mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 40min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 90 ℃, and the drying time is 20min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained. As shown in fig. 4, cobalt aluminum hydrotalcite uniformly grows on the surface of the fiber fabric to form a flower-like porous structure. The obtained fabric has excellent super-hydrophobic performance, the contact angle reaches 158 degrees, and the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees, so that water drops are spherical on the surface of the fabric.

Example 5:

and (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.12mol/L nickel nitrate and 0.15mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 5min at 500r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then adding 0.1mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.4mol/L, and respectively stirring for 25min to obtain a precursor solution B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 30min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 24h at 140 ℃. And after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, placing the sample in an oven, drying the sample for 8 hours at 80 ℃ and then drying the sample for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.07mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 35min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 30min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained. Under higher temperature and longer time, the hydrotalcite can still uniformly generate a porous lamellar structure on the surface of the fiber fabric, and the thickness of the lamellar is increased. The porous structures are favorable for capturing air to form an air layer, and simultaneously are favorable for grafting and storing more stearic acid, thereby being favorable for repairing the super-hydrophobic function. As can be seen from fig. 5, the superhydrophobic fabric obtained from the composite material obtained in this example exhibits excellent uv resistance.

Example 6

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Respectively adding 0.2mol/L magnesium chloride and 0.01mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water at room temperature, stirring for 15min at 200r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.05mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.1mol/L urea are added and stirred for 20min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 5min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 8h at 50 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and placing the sample in an oven to dry for 5 hours at 90 ℃ for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.01mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 40min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 50 ℃, and the drying time is 40min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained.

Example 7

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.05mol/L nickel nitrate and 0.07mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 8min at 300r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.5mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.15mol/L urea are added and stirred for 30min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 20min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 12h at 60 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and drying the sample in an oven at 50 ℃ for 12 hours for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.02mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 35min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 65 ℃ and the drying time is 50min, and the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained.

Example 8

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.1mol/L cobalt nitrate and 0.09mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring for 20min at 100r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and then uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.25mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.25mol/L urea are added and stirred for 10min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 10min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 19h at 70 ℃. And after the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and placing the sample in an oven to dry for 2 hours at 100 ℃ for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.04mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 25min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the drying time is 90min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained.

Example 9

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Under the condition of room temperature, respectively adding 0.15mol/L cobalt nitrate and 0.11mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water, stirring uniformly at 400r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor for 17min to form a uniform solution A; then 0.25mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.25mol/L urea are added and stirred for 10min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 15min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 22h at 90 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and drying the sample in an oven at 60 ℃ for 4 hours for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.08mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 10min for chemical modification, then taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 85 ℃, and the drying time is 100min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained.

Example 10

And (3) washing the fabric by using a detergent, rinsing the fabric by using deionized water and ethanol, and drying the fabric for later use.

Respectively adding 0.05mol/L magnesium chloride and 0.14mol/L aluminum nitrate into a proper amount of deionized water at room temperature, stirring for 18min at 500r/min under the action of a magnetic rotor, and uniformly stirring to form a uniform solution A; then 0.45mol/L ammonium fluoride and 0.35mol/L urea are added and stirred for 25min respectively to obtain a precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite.

And (3) filling the prepared precursor liquid B of the hydrotalcite into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, adding the cleaned fabric, soaking for 25min, placing in an oven, and reacting for 5h at 100 ℃. After the hydrothermal reaction is finished, taking out the sample, rinsing the sample by using deionized water, and placing the sample in an oven to dry for 6 hours at 70 ℃ for later use.

Soaking the fabric with the hydrotalcite in 0.02mol/L ethanol solution of stearic acid for 15min for chemical modification, taking out and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 95 ℃, and the drying time is 20min, so that the hydrotalcite/fiber fabric composite material with the wear-resisting and self-repairing functions can be obtained.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.