阅读说明：本技术 塔机起升变幅及回转运动的安全检测方法及检测系统 (Safety detection method and detection system for lifting amplitude and rotary motion of tower crane ) 是由 叶志云 范俊红 朱桂林 何涛涛 单洪峰 程江龙 楼圣伟 于 2021-01-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了塔机起升变幅及回转运动的安全检测方法,它包括塔机在通电运行状态下,黑匣子板每80ms～120ms检测一次塔机的机械限位状态和电子限位状态,并根据机械限位状态和电子限位状态来调控塔机中起升电机、回转电机和变幅电机的运行状态；检测系统包括黑匣子板、起升机械限位器、行程开关、距离传感器、称重传感器、力矩传感器和数据输入模块；数据输入模块与黑匣子板电性连接,用于输入标定的数据；起升机械限位器、行程开关、距离传感器、称重传感器、力矩传感器均与黑匣子板电性连接,用于数据交互；黑匣子板上电性连接有驱动模块,驱动模块上电性连接有起升电机、回转电机和变幅电机。本发明具有安全性较高的优点。(The invention discloses a safety detection method for lifting amplitude variation and rotary motion of a tower crane, which comprises the steps that a black box daughter board detects the mechanical limit state and the electronic limit state of the tower crane every 80-120 ms when the tower crane is in a power-on running state, and the running states of a lifting motor, a rotary motor and an amplitude variation motor in the tower crane are regulated and controlled according to the mechanical limit state and the electronic limit state; the detection system comprises a black box plate, a lifting mechanical limiter, a travel switch, a distance sensor, a weighing sensor, a torque sensor and a data input module; the data input module is electrically connected with the black box daughter board and is used for inputting calibrated data; the lifting mechanical limiter, the travel switch, the distance sensor, the weighing sensor and the torque sensor are electrically connected with the black box board and used for data interaction; the black box plate is electrically connected with a driving module, and the driving module is electrically connected with a lifting motor, a rotary motor and a variable amplitude motor. The invention has the advantage of higher safety.)

1. The safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises that

Detecting the limit state of the tower crane once every 80-120 ms when the tower crane is in a power-on running state, and regulating and controlling the running state of the tower crane according to the limit state;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is in a state of upper limit of a lifting machine, lower limit of the lifting machine, upper limit of a lifting electron or lower limit of the lifting electron, stopping the lifting action of the tower crane;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane decelerates on the lifting machinery or the lifting electron, the lifting action of the tower crane is limited, and the maximum operation gear of a lifting motor is one gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 110% of the mechanical weight or 105% of the electronic weight, stopping the ascending action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane, limiting the maximum descending gear of a lifting motor to be a second gear, limiting the maximum operation gear of a rotary motor to be a second gear, and limiting the maximum operation gear of an amplitude-variable motor to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 80% of the mechanical weight or 90% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a third gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 50% of the mechanical weight or 50% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be four gears, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be four gears, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be three gears;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 110% of mechanical torque or 105% of electronic torque, the rising action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane are stopped, and the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 100% of mechanical torque or 100% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 80% of mechanical torque or 80% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a fourth gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

the black box board detects the inclination angle, the left turning angle, the right turning angle and the wind speed of the tower crane, and displays and gives out voice alarm.

2. The safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper limit of the hoisting machine, the lower limit of the hoisting machine and the upper deceleration of the hoisting machine are detected by a hoisting machine limiter, and the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment are detected by a travel switch; the lifting electronic upper limit, the lifting electronic lower limit and the lifting electronic upper deceleration are all detected by distance sensors; the electronic weight is detected by a load cell; the electronic torque is detected by a torque sensor.

3. The safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting speed of the tower crane is 2m/min when the first gear of the lifting motor is adopted, the lifting speed of the tower crane is 4m/min when the second gear of the lifting motor is adopted, the lifting speed is 6m/min when the third gear of the lifting motor is adopted, and the lifting speed is 8m/min when the fourth gear of the lifting motor is adopted; the slewing speed of the tower crane is 0.2r/min when the slewing motor is in first gear, 0.4r/min when the slewing motor is in second gear, 0.6r/min when the slewing motor is in third gear and 0.8r/min when the slewing motor is in fourth gear; the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 25m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the first gear, and the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 38m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the second gear.

4. A detection system constructed by the method for safely detecting the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a black box plate (1), a lifting mechanical limiter (2), a travel switch (3), a distance sensor (4), a weighing sensor (5), a torque sensor (6) and a data input module (7); the data input module (7) is electrically connected with the black box board (1) and is used for inputting calibrated data; the lifting mechanical limiter (2), the travel switch (3), the distance sensor (4), the weighing sensor (5) and the torque sensor (6) are electrically connected with the black box board (1) and used for data interaction; the black box board (1) is electrically connected with a driving module (8), and the driving module (8) is electrically connected with a lifting motor (9), a rotary motor (10) and a variable amplitude motor (11).

5. The detection system of claim 4, wherein: the lifting mechanical limiter (2) is connected with a lifting motor (9) through mechanical transmission, and the lifting height is reflected to the black box board (1) in a mechanical transmission mode.

6. The detection system of claim 4, wherein: the travel switch (3) reflects the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment to the black box plate (1) through the deformation degree of the metal structure on the tower crane.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of tower crane detection, in particular to a safety detection method and a safety detection system for lifting amplitude and rotary motion of a tower crane.

Background

At present, a tower crane (crane) is indispensable equipment in high-rise buildings, and the tower crane can lift and carry material equipment; the existing tower crane generally performs early warning and limitation on the lifting and amplitude variation of the crane through a mechanical limiter, the lifting, rotating and amplitude variation speeds of the tower crane need to be controlled by skilled workers according to experience, and the lifting, rotating and amplitude variation speeds of the tower crane are difficult to control in different lifting states, so that potential safety hazards are easily caused; and the motion states of the lifting, amplitude variation and rotation of the tower crane are only detected by the mechanical limiter, so that the mechanical limiter is difficult to be found when a fault error occurs, and the potential safety hazard is easily caused. Therefore, the existing tower crane has the problem of low safety.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a safety detection method and a safety detection system for lifting amplitude and rotary motion of a tower crane. The invention can detect the lifting, amplitude and rotary motion of the tower crane mechanically and electronically, and limit the motion of the tower crane according to different states of the tower crane, thereby ensuring the safety of the tower crane.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotation motion of the tower crane comprises

Detecting the limit state of the tower crane once every 80-120 ms when the tower crane is in a power-on running state, and regulating and controlling the running state of the tower crane according to the limit state;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is in a state of upper limit of a lifting machine, lower limit of the lifting machine, upper limit of a lifting electron or lower limit of the lifting electron, stopping the lifting action of the tower crane;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane decelerates on the lifting machinery or the lifting electron, the lifting action of the tower crane is limited, and the maximum operation gear of a lifting motor is one gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 110% of the mechanical weight or 105% of the electronic weight, stopping the ascending action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane, limiting the maximum descending gear of a lifting motor to be a second gear, limiting the maximum operation gear of a rotary motor to be a second gear, and limiting the maximum operation gear of an amplitude-variable motor to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 80% of the mechanical weight or 90% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a third gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 50% of the mechanical weight or 50% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be four gears, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be four gears, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be three gears;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 110% of mechanical torque or 105% of electronic torque, the rising action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane are stopped, and the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 100% of mechanical torque or 100% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 80% of mechanical torque or 80% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a fourth gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

the black box board detects the inclination angle, the left turning angle, the right turning angle and the wind speed of the tower crane, and displays and gives out voice alarm.

In the safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane, the upper limit of the lifting machine, the lower limit of the lifting machine and the upper deceleration of the lifting machine are detected by a lifting machine limiter, and the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment are detected by a travel switch; the lifting electronic upper limit, the lifting electronic lower limit and the lifting electronic upper deceleration are all detected by distance sensors; the electronic weight is detected by a load cell; the electronic torque is detected by a torque sensor.

In the safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane, the lifting speed of the tower crane is 2m/min when the lifting motor is in the first gear, the lifting speed of the tower crane is 4m/min when the lifting motor is in the second gear, the lifting speed is 6m/min when the lifting motor is in the third gear, and the lifting speed is 8m/min when the lifting motor is in the fourth gear; the slewing speed of the tower crane is 0.2r/min when the slewing motor is in first gear, 0.4r/min when the slewing motor is in second gear, 0.6r/min when the slewing motor is in third gear and 0.8r/min when the slewing motor is in fourth gear; the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 25m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the first gear, and the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 38m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the second gear.

The detection system constructed according to the safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane comprises a black box plate, a lifting mechanical limiter, a travel switch, a distance sensor, a weighing sensor, a torque sensor and a data input module; the data input module is electrically connected with the black box daughter board and is used for inputting calibrated data; the lifting mechanical limiter, the travel switch, the distance sensor, the weighing sensor and the torque sensor are electrically connected with the black box board and used for data interaction; the black box plate is electrically connected with a driving module, and the driving module is electrically connected with a lifting motor, a rotary motor and a variable amplitude motor.

In the detection system, the lifting mechanical limiter is connected with the lifting motor through mechanical transmission, and the lifting height is reflected to the black box board in a mechanical transmission mode.

In the detection system, the travel switch reflects the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment to the black box board through the deformation degree of the metal structure on the tower crane.

Compared with the prior art, the invention detects the limit state of the tower crane once every 80-120 ms through the black box board, and can regulate and control the running state of the tower crane in time according to the limit state; the state of the tower crane is synchronously detected by the mechanical detection and the electronic detection, so that the black box board can limit the highest gears of a lifting motor, a rotary motor and a variable-amplitude motor, and the control safety is ensured; the inclination angle, the left turning angle, the right turning angle and the wind speed of the tower crane can be displayed, and voice alarm can be carried out when the numerical value is too large, so that the safety is ensured. Therefore, the invention has the advantage of higher safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.

The labels in the figures are: the device comprises a black box plate 1, a lifting mechanical limiter 2, a travel switch 3, a distance sensor 4, a weighing sensor 5, a torque sensor 6, a data input module 7, a driving module 8, a lifting motor 9, a rotary motor 10 and an amplitude variation motor 11.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Examples are given. The safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane comprises the following steps

Detecting the limit state of the tower crane once every 80-120 ms when the tower crane is in a power-on running state, and regulating and controlling the running state of the tower crane according to the limit state;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is in a state of upper limit of a lifting machine, lower limit of the lifting machine, upper limit of a lifting electron or lower limit of the lifting electron, stopping the lifting action of the tower crane;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane decelerates on the lifting machinery or the lifting electron, the lifting action of the tower crane is limited, and the maximum operation gear of a lifting motor is one gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 110% of the mechanical weight or 105% of the electronic weight, stopping the ascending action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane, limiting the maximum descending gear of a lifting motor to be a second gear, limiting the maximum operation gear of a rotary motor to be a second gear, and limiting the maximum operation gear of an amplitude-variable motor to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 80% of the mechanical weight or 90% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a third gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is 50% of the mechanical weight or 50% of the electronic weight, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be four gears, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be four gears, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be three gears;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 110% of mechanical torque or 105% of electronic torque, the rising action and the amplitude-variable forward action of the tower crane are stopped, and the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 100% of mechanical torque or 100% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a third gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

when the black box daughter board detects that the tower crane is at 80% of mechanical torque or 80% of electronic torque, the maximum operation gear of the lifting motor is limited to be a fourth gear, the maximum operation gear of the rotary motor is limited to be a second gear, and the maximum operation gear of the variable amplitude motor is limited to be a second gear;

the black box board detects the inclination angle, the left turning angle, the right turning angle and the wind speed of the tower crane, and displays and gives out voice alarm.

The upper limit of the hoisting machine, the lower limit of the hoisting machine and the upper deceleration of the hoisting machine are detected by a hoisting machine limiter, and the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment are detected by a travel switch; the lifting electronic upper limit, the lifting electronic lower limit and the lifting electronic upper deceleration are all detected by distance sensors; the electronic weight is detected by a load cell; the electronic moment is detected by a moment sensor; the lifting speed of the tower crane is 2m/min when the first gear of the lifting motor is adopted, the lifting speed of the tower crane is 4m/min when the second gear of the lifting motor is adopted, the lifting speed is 6m/min when the third gear of the lifting motor is adopted, and the lifting speed is 8m/min when the fourth gear of the lifting motor is adopted; the slewing speed of the tower crane is 0.2r/min when the slewing motor is in first gear, 0.4r/min when the slewing motor is in second gear, 0.6r/min when the slewing motor is in third gear and 0.8r/min when the slewing motor is in fourth gear; the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 25m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the first gear, and the tower crane amplitude variation speed is 38m/min when the amplitude variation motor is in the second gear.

The detection system constructed according to the safety detection method for the lifting amplitude and the rotary motion of the tower crane is shown in figure 1 and comprises a black box plate 1, a lifting mechanical limiter 2, a travel switch 3, a distance sensor 4, a weighing sensor 5, a torque sensor 6 and a data input module 7; the data input module 7 is electrically connected with the black box board 1 and is used for inputting calibrated data; the lifting mechanical limiter 2, the travel switch 3, the distance sensor 4, the weighing sensor 5 and the torque sensor 6 are electrically connected with the black box board 1 and used for data interaction; the black box board 1 is electrically connected with a driving module 8, and the driving module 8 is electrically connected with a lifting motor 9, a rotary motor 10 and a variable amplitude motor 11.

The lifting mechanical limiter 2 is connected with a lifting motor 9 through mechanical transmission, and reflects the lifting height to the black box board 1 in a mechanical transmission mode; the travel switch 3 reflects the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment to the black box plate 1 through the deformation degree of the metal structure on the tower crane.

The working principle is as follows: the data input module 7 can input calibration data into the black box board 1 so as to calibrate the upper limit of the lifting electron, the lower limit of the lifting electron, the upper deceleration of the lifting electron, the electron weight and the electron moment; the lifting mechanical limiter 2 can detect the lifting height through a lifting motor 9 connected with mechanical transmission and transmit signals to the black box board 1; the travel switch 3 can reflect the mechanical weight and the mechanical moment to the black box plate 1 according to the deformation degree of the metal structure on the tower crane; the distance sensor 4 can detect the lifting height from the aspect of electronics, the weighing sensor 5 can detect the weight of the electronics, and the torque sensor 6 can detect the torque of the electronics; the black box daughter board 1 limits the highest gears of the lifting motor 9, the rotary motor 10 and the variable-amplitude motor 11 through the driving motor 8 according to the state of the tower crane, so that the operation errors of tower crane workers are avoided, and the safety is ensured; the inclination angle, the left turning angle, the right turning angle and the wind speed of the tower crane can be detected and displayed, and voice alarm can be carried out when the numerical value is too large, so that the safety is ensured.