阅读说明：本技术 一种超稳定的水基磁流变液的制备方法 (Preparation method of ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid ) 是由 李琦 于 2021-01-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种超稳定的水基磁流变液的制备方法,通过将磁敏颗粒与添加剂在载液混合、接触、复合,一步制得水基磁流变液；本发明中使用的磁敏颗粒是指定粒径的羰基铁粉、还原铁粉、铁钴合金粒子或铁氧体粒子,载液为去离子软水,通过将组成成分为抗沉降稳定剂、表面活性剂、抗氧化剂、润滑剂和防锈剂的添加剂和磁敏颗粒添加到载液中,通过设定反应温度和时间,实现一步制备水基磁流变液。通过本发明,能够规避现有技术的水基磁流变液制备过程中需要进行繁琐步骤及满足复杂反应条件的问题,实现一步制备水基磁流变液。(The invention provides a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, which is characterized in that magnetic sensitive particles and an additive are mixed, contacted and compounded in a carrier fluid to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step; the magnetic sensitive particles used in the invention are carbonyl iron powder, reduced iron powder, iron-cobalt alloy particles or ferrite particles with specified particle size, the carrier liquid is deionized soft water, additives and magnetic sensitive particles which comprise anti-settling stabilizer, surfactant, antioxidant, lubricant and antirust agent are added into the carrier liquid, and the water-based magnetorheological fluid is prepared in one step by setting reaction temperature and time. The invention can avoid the problems that complicated steps are required to be carried out and complicated reaction conditions are met in the preparation process of the water-based magnetorheological fluid in the prior art, and realizes the one-step preparation of the water-based magnetorheological fluid.)

1. The preparation method of the ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid is characterized in that the water-based magnetorheological fluid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

60-70% of deionized soft water, 30-39% of magnetic sensitive particles and 1-10% of additive, wherein the sum of the three components is 100%;

mixing, contacting and compounding the magnetosensitive particles and the additive in deionized soft water to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step;

wherein the magnetic sensitive particles are carbonyl iron powder, reduced iron powder, iron-cobalt alloy particles or ferrite particles, and the average particle size of the magnetic sensitive particles is 1-10 microns;

the additive comprises: anti-settling stabilizers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants, anti-freezing agents and rust inhibitors;

the reaction temperature of the compounding is 20-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-5 hours.

2. The method for preparing the ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid according to claim 1, wherein the additives comprise, by mass percent, the following components:

the anti-settling stabilizer is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of methyl cellulose or montmorillonite;

the surfactant is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol or sodium gluconate;

the antioxidant is 0.1 to 2 percent of sodium nitrite or sodium benzoate;

the lubricant is 0.6 to 3 percent of Si02 powder or Ti02 powder with the granularity of 10 to 100 nm;

the antifreezing agent is 0.05 to 0.5 percent of glycol;

the antirust agent is 0.1-2% of dodecenyl succinic acid.

3. The method for preparing an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, according to claim 1, further comprising adding an anti-wear additive to the deionized soft water prior to adding the magnetosensitive particles and the additive to the deionized soft water; wherein the anti-wear additive accounts for 1-3% of the mass percent of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the anti-wear additive is diamond or cerium dioxide.

4. The method for preparing an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, according to claim 1, further comprising adding a pH adjusting agent to the deionized soft water before adding the magnetic sensitive particles and the additive to the deionized soft water; wherein the pH value regulator is 0.1-1% by mass of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the pH value regulator is borax, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate or ammonium chloride.

5. The method for preparing an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid according to claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the magnetosensitive particles is preferably 1 to 5 microns.

6. A magnetorheological fluid curved surface polishing system comprises a magnetic field generating device, a polishing pool, a polishing shaft, a polishing workpiece and two coordinate control devices, wherein one pole of the magnetic field generating device is the polishing shaft, and the other pole of the magnetic field generating device is arranged along the circumferential direction of the polishing workpiece; magnetorheological fluid added with abrasive is filled in the polishing pool; the polishing workpiece is fixed in the polishing pool and is positioned between two poles of the magnetic field; the polishing shaft is arranged on the two coordinate control devices; the two coordinate control devices control the rotation of the polishing shaft and the motion track of the polishing shaft on the XY plane; characterized in that the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing pool is the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent materials, in particular to a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid.

Background

Magnetorheological fluid, a novel intelligent material with both magnetism of magnetic solid matter and liquidity of liquid, can carry out controllable, reversible and continuous rapid transition between properties of liquid and solid, and is widely applied to the fields of medicine, aerospace, large civil engineering, machining, automobile engineering, electromechanical integration and the like.

In the related literature of the water-based magnetorheological fluid reported at present, the water-based magnetorheological fluid consists of three parts, namely magnetic-sensitive particles, carrier liquid and additives. The magnetosensitive particles are generally made of ferromagnetic material, ferrimagnetic material, other soft magnetic material, or the like. The carrier liquid is water and mainly has the function of uniformly dispersing the solid magnetic particles in the carrier liquid. The main functions of the known water-based magnetorheological fluid additive are to improve the stability of the water-based magnetorheological fluid and the oxidation resistance of the solid magnetic particles. The invention relates to a stable water-based magnetorheological fluid and a preparation method thereof (publication No. CN19599871A), which adopts a compounded base fluid to improve the oxidation resistance and the sedimentation resistance of the magnetorheological fluid, although the additive contains the components of an anti-wear additive, the magnetorheological fluid prepared by the method has weak anti-wear property on the metal surface and poor anti-rust property; the invention discloses a water-based magnetofluid material and a preparation method thereof (publication No. CN101136277A), which adopts sucrose as a surfactant to prepare stable water-based magnetofluid by a chemical coprecipitation method. The scheme requires complex reaction conditions and complicated manufacturing steps in the process of preparing the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and cannot prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, aiming at avoiding complicated reaction conditions and steps in the preparation process and preparing the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step.

The invention is realized by the following steps: the invention provides a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

60-70% of deionized soft water, 30-39% of magnetic sensitive particles and 1-10% of additive, wherein the sum of the three components is 100%;

mixing, contacting and compounding the magnetosensitive particles and the additive in deionized soft water to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step;

wherein the magnetic sensitive particles are carbonyl iron powder, reduced iron powder, iron-cobalt alloy particles or ferrite particles, and the average particle size of the magnetic sensitive particles is 1-10 microns;

the additive comprises: anti-settling stabilizers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants, anti-freezing agents and rust inhibitors;

the reaction temperature of the compounding is 20-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-5 hours.

Wherein, the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

the anti-settling stabilizer is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of methyl cellulose or montmorillonite;

the surfactant is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol or sodium gluconate;

the antioxidant is 0.1 to 2 percent of sodium nitrite or sodium benzoate;

the lubricant is 0.6 to 3 percent of Si02 powder or Ti02 powder with the granularity of 10 to 100 nm;

the antifreezing agent is 0.05 to 0.5 percent of glycol;

the antirust agent is 0.1-2% of dodecenyl succinic acid.

Wherein, before the magnetic sensitive particles and the additive are added into the deionized soft water, the method also comprises the step of adding an anti-wear additive into the deionized soft water; wherein the anti-wear additive accounts for 1-3% of the mass percent of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the anti-wear additive is diamond or cerium dioxide.

Wherein, before the magnetic sensitive particles and the additive are added into the deionized soft water, the pH value regulator is added into the deionized soft water; wherein the pH value regulator is 0.1-1% by mass of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the pH value regulator is borax, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate or ammonium chloride.

Among them, the average particle diameter of the magnetosensitive particles is preferably 1 to 5 μm.

In addition, the invention provides a magnetorheological fluid curved surface polishing system which comprises a magnetic field generating device, a polishing pool, a polishing shaft, a polishing workpiece and two coordinate control devices, wherein one pole of the magnetic field generating device is the polishing shaft, and the other pole of the magnetic field generating device is arranged along the circumferential direction of the polishing workpiece; magnetorheological fluid added with abrasive is filled in the polishing pool; the polishing workpiece is fixed in the polishing pool and is positioned between two poles of the magnetic field; the polishing shaft is arranged on the two coordinate control devices; the two coordinate control devices control the rotation of the polishing shaft and the motion track of the polishing shaft on the XY plane; wherein, the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing pool is the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared according to the technical scheme.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, which comprises the steps of mixing, contacting and compounding magnetic sensitive particles and an additive in a carrier fluid to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step; the magnetic sensitive particles used in the invention are carbonyl iron powder, reduced iron powder, iron-cobalt alloy particles or ferrite particles with specified particle size, the carrier liquid is deionized soft water, additives and magnetic sensitive particles which comprise anti-settling stabilizer, surfactant, antioxidant, lubricant and antirust agent are added into the carrier liquid, and the water-based magnetorheological fluid is prepared in one step by setting reaction temperature and time. The invention can avoid the problems that complicated steps are required to be carried out and complicated reaction conditions are met in the preparation process of the water-based magnetorheological fluid in the prior art, and realizes the one-step preparation of the water-based magnetorheological fluid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the results of performance tests conducted on example 4 by measuring the zero-field viscosity of a magnetorheological fluid as a function of shear rate according to a method for preparing an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the results of performance tests conducted on the magnetorheological fluid in example 4 by measuring the variation of the magneto-induced shear stress of the magnetorheological fluid with the variation of the magnetic field strength according to the method for preparing the ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the results of a sedimentation stability test performed on the water-based magnetorheological fluids prepared in the four examples in the method for preparing an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The invention provides a preparation method of an ultra-stable water-based magnetorheological fluid, which comprises the following steps:

the water-based magnetorheological fluid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

60-70% of deionized soft water, 30-39% of magnetic sensitive particles and 1-10% of additive, wherein the sum of the three components is 100%;

mixing, contacting and compounding the magnetosensitive particles and the additive in deionized soft water to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid in one step;

wherein the magnetic sensitive particles are carbonyl iron powder, reduced iron powder, iron-cobalt alloy particles or ferrite particles, and the average particle size of the magnetic sensitive particles is 1-10 microns, preferably 1-5 microns;

the additive comprises: anti-settling stabilizers, surfactants, antioxidants, lubricants, anti-freezing agents and rust inhibitors;

the reaction temperature of the compounding is 20-70 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-5 hours.

Wherein, the additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

the anti-settling stabilizer is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of methyl cellulose or montmorillonite;

the surfactant is 0.1 to 1.5 percent of polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol or sodium gluconate;

the antioxidant is 0.1 to 2 percent of sodium nitrite or sodium benzoate;

0.6 to 3 percent of Si0 as lubricant₂Powder or Ti0₂Powder with the granularity of 10-100 nm;

the antifreezing agent is 0.05 to 0.5 percent of glycol;

the antirust agent is 0.1-2% of dodecenyl succinic acid.

Wherein, before the magnetic sensitive particles and the additive are added into the deionized soft water, the method also comprises the step of adding an anti-wear additive into the deionized soft water; wherein the anti-wear additive accounts for 1-3% of the mass percent of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the anti-wear additive is diamond or cerium dioxide.

Wherein, before the magnetic sensitive particles and the additive are added into the deionized soft water, the pH value regulator is added into the deionized soft water; wherein the pH value regulator is 0.1-1% by mass of the water-based magnetorheological fluid, and the pH value regulator is borax, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate or ammonium chloride.

Example 1

Mixing 38g carbonyl iron powder, 1g polyethylene glycol, 1g montmorillonite, 1.5g sodium benzoate, 2.5g Ti0₂Mixing particles, 0.5g of ethylene glycol, 1g of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 1.1g of diamond and 0.225g of borax with 55g of deionized soft water, uniformly stirring at a high speed of 1000rpm to obtain a suspension, and carrying out composite reaction on the suspension at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid.

The magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment is placed in a measuring cylinder of 10ml, placed at room temperature for standing and sedimentation, and the sedimentation rate is observed after 3 months. The sedimentation rate is determined by the following method, standing and sedimentation, and taking the ratio of the volume of the supernatant to the total volume of the sample, and multiplying the ratio by one hundred percent to obtain the sedimentation rate.

Compared with other existing preparation methods, the sedimentation rate of the water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the invention can be kept higher on the premise of no need of complicated preparation steps and complicated reaction conditions.

Example 2

30g of iron-cobalt alloy particles, 1.5g of sodium gluconate, 1.5g of methylcellulose, 2g of sodium nitrite and 3g of Ti0₂Mixing particles, 0.8g of ethylene glycol, 2g of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 0.55g of cerium dioxide and 0.55g of sodium carbonate with 60g of deionized soft water, uniformly stirring at a high speed of 1000rpm to obtain a suspension, and carrying out composite reaction on the suspension at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid.

The magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment is placed in a measuring cylinder of 10ml, placed at room temperature for standing and sedimentation, and the sedimentation rate is observed after 3 months. The sedimentation rate is determined by the following method, standing and sedimentation, and taking the ratio of the volume of the supernatant to the total volume of the sample, and multiplying the ratio by one hundred percent to obtain the sedimentation rate.

Compared with other existing preparation methods, the sedimentation rate of the water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the invention can be kept higher on the premise of no need of complicated preparation steps and complicated reaction conditions.

Example 3

36g of ferrite particles, 0.8g of polyacrylic acid, 1.5g of methyl cellulose, 1.5g of sodium benzoate and 3gSi0₂Mixing particles, 1g of ethylene glycol, 1.5g of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 1.65g of diamond and 0.11g of ammonium chloride with 50g of deionized soft water, uniformly stirring at a high speed of 1000rpm to obtain a suspension, and carrying out composite reaction on the suspension at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid.

The magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment is placed in a measuring cylinder of 10ml, placed at room temperature for standing and sedimentation, and the sedimentation rate is observed after 3 months. The sedimentation rate is determined by the following method, standing and sedimentation, and taking the ratio of the volume of the supernatant to the total volume of the sample, and multiplying the ratio by one hundred percent to obtain the sedimentation rate.

Compared with other existing preparation methods, the sedimentation rate of the water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the invention can be kept higher on the premise of no need of complicated preparation steps and complicated reaction conditions.

Example 4

36g of ferrite particles, 0.8g of polyacrylic acid, 1.5g of methyl cellulose, 1.5g of sodium benzoate and 3gSi0₂Mixing particles, 1.5g dodecenylsuccinic acid, 2g graphite, 0.5g ethylene glycol, 0.825g cerium dioxide and 0.33g sodium phosphate with 51g deionized soft water, and adding 1g borax to 50g deionized water for pH adjustment before mixing; stirring uniformly at a high speed of 1000rpm to obtain a suspension, and carrying out composite reaction on the suspension at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare the water-based magnetorheological fluid.

The magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment is placed in a measuring cylinder of 10ml, placed at room temperature for standing and sedimentation, and the sedimentation rate is observed after 3 months. The sedimentation rate is determined by the following method, standing and sedimentation, and taking the ratio of the volume of the supernatant to the total volume of the sample, and multiplying the ratio by one hundred percent to obtain the sedimentation rate.

The ARES 2000 advanced extended rheometer of the American TA company is adopted to measure the zero-field viscosity of the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment 4 of the invention to change with the shear rate (0.1-400 s)^-1) See fig. 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the viscosity of the water-based magnetorheological fluid tends to decrease as the shear rate increases.

The ARES 2000 advanced extended rheometer of the American TA company is adopted to measure the relationship curve of the magneto-induced shear stress of the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared in the embodiment 4 of the invention along with the change of the magnetic field intensity (0-4000 Gs), and the relationship curve is shown in figure 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the magnetic shear stress of the water-based magnetorheological fluid tends to increase with the increase of the magnetic field strength.

Fig. 3 is a graph showing the volume fraction of the carrier liquid precipitation amount in the total amount after the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared in the above example 4 is settled by standing and changing with time. As can be seen from the figure, the change of the carrier liquid precipitation amount after standing for three days is steep, and the carrier liquid precipitation amount is basically kept unchanged after standing for 10 days.

Compared with other existing preparation methods, the sedimentation rate of the water-based magnetorheological fluid provided by the invention can be kept higher on the premise of no need of complicated preparation steps and complicated reaction conditions.

By comparing the preparation method of the water-based magnetorheological fluid and the water-based magnetorheological fluid in the prior art, the preparation method can be known that in the preparation process, selected magnetic-sensitive particles and additives are added into deionized soft water serving as carrier liquid in advance, and the sedimentation rate of the prepared water-based magnetorheological fluid after standing for three months is equivalent to that of the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared in the prior art under the conditions of preset reaction temperature and reaction time through high-speed stirring and composite reaction.

In addition, the invention provides a magnetorheological fluid curved surface polishing system which comprises a magnetic field generating device, a polishing pool, a polishing shaft, a polishing workpiece and two coordinate control devices, wherein one pole of the magnetic field generating device is the polishing shaft, and the other pole of the magnetic field generating device is arranged along the circumferential direction of the polishing workpiece; magnetorheological fluid added with abrasive is filled in the polishing pool; the polishing workpiece is fixed in the polishing pool and is positioned between two poles of the magnetic field; the polishing shaft is arranged on the two coordinate control devices; the two coordinate control devices control the rotation of the polishing shaft and the motion track of the polishing shaft on the XY plane; wherein, the magnetorheological fluid in the polishing pool is the water-based magnetorheological fluid prepared according to the technical scheme.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.