阅读说明：本技术 一种单纵轴流式大豆联合收获机清选装置 (Cleaning device of single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester ) 是由 金诚谦 郭红星 康艳 印祥 倪有亮 刘鹏 滕悦江 赵男 郭榛 唐小涵 王鹏 于 2020-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种单纵轴流式大豆联合收获机清选装置,涉及大豆清选技术领域,包括：清选筛、回程输送装置以及清选壳体,清选筛设置于清选壳体内,脱粒滚筒设置于清选筛的上方,脱粒滚筒的前端和后端分别与清选筛的前端和后端相对,回程输送装置自清选筛的后端向清选筛的前端延伸,且回程输送装置设置于脱粒滚筒和清选筛之间。该单纵轴流式大豆联合收获机清选装置通过设置回程输送装置大豆清选损失率大大降低。(The invention discloses a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester, which relates to the technical field of soybean cleaning and comprises the following components: the cleaning sieve is arranged in the cleaning shell, the threshing cylinder is arranged above the cleaning sieve, the front end and the rear end of the threshing cylinder are respectively opposite to the front end and the rear end of the cleaning sieve, the return conveying device extends from the rear end of the cleaning sieve to the front end of the cleaning sieve, and the return conveying device is arranged between the threshing cylinder and the cleaning sieve. The soybean cleaning loss rate of the cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester is greatly reduced by arranging the return conveying device.)

1. A cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester is characterized by comprising: cleaning sieve, return stroke conveyor and cleaning casing, cleaning sieve set up in cleaning casing, threshing cylinder set up in cleaning sieve's top, threshing cylinder's front end and rear end respectively with cleaning sieve's front end and rear end are relative, return stroke conveyor certainly cleaning sieve's rear end to cleaning sieve's front end extends, just return stroke conveyor set up in threshing cylinder with between the cleaning sieve.

2. A cleaning plant of a single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine harvester according to claim 1, further comprising a fan structure disposed within the cleaning housing, and the fan structure is arranged below the front end of the sorting screen and comprises a fan impeller, an upper edge plate, a lower edge plate, an upper air deflector, a lower air deflector and an air adjusting plate, wherein the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate are arranged along the circumferential direction of the fan impeller, an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet are formed between the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate, the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector are both arranged in the lower air outlet, and the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector divide the lower air outlet into three air outlet channels, and air adjusting plates are arranged at two ends of the fan impeller and used for adjusting the air inlet volume of the fan structure.

3. A cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the air adjusting plate, the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector are respectively provided with a first chute, a second chute and a third chute, the cleaning shell is provided with a first bolt, a second bolt and a third bolt, the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt respectively penetrate through the first chute, the second chute and the third chute and are respectively fastened through the first nut, the second nut and the third nut, and the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt are respectively connected with the first chute, the second chute and the third chute in a sliding manner.

4. The single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine harvester cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cleaning sieve comprises a sieve frame, a front screening component, a middle screening component and a rear screening component, the sieve frame is provided with the front screening component, the middle screening component and the rear screening component, the front screening component comprises a first finger-shaped sieve, a second finger-shaped sieve, and an upper step shaking plate, a middle step shaking plate and a lower step shaking plate which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first finger-shaped sieve is fixedly connected with the rear part of the upper step shaking plate, the second finger-shaped sieve is arranged behind the first finger-shaped sieve, the second finger-shaped sieve, the upper step shaking plate, the middle step shaking plate and the lower step shaking plate are fixedly connected with the sieve frame, the middle screening component comprises a fisheye sieve and a woven sieve which are arranged in an up-down overlapping manner, the fisheye sieve with weave the sieve all with bank of screens fixed connection, back screening subassembly includes along the length direction of bank of screens sets gradually three-layer oblique tail sieve, and the three-layer oblique tail sieve is partly overlapping each other, each oblique tail sieve all with bank of screens fixed connection.

5. A cleaning plant for a single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the angle between the return conveyor and the fisheye screen is 0-30 degrees.

6. A single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine cleaning plant according to claim 4, wherein the forward end of the return conveyor is located directly above the rear end of the second finger screen.

7. A single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine cleaning plant according to claim 1, wherein the return conveyor is a belt conveyor.

8. A single longitudinal axial flow soybean combine harvester cleaning device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an auger structure disposed within the cleaning housing and disposed below the cleaning sieve, the auger structure including a grain auger and a residue auger.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soybean cleaning, in particular to a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester.

Background

The single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine mainly adopts an air screen type cleaning device. In the cleaning process, the soybean threshed objects fall from the lower part of the threshing cylinder to the cleaning screen surface and are blown away by an airflow field generated by a fan structure, so that mixtures such as bean pods, short stalks, light impurities and the like in the threshed objects are blown out of the machine, heavier mixtures such as soybean grains, long stalks and the like fall onto the cleaning screen surface and move to the rear part of the screen surface under the reciprocating motion of the cleaning screen, and further separation of the grains and other mixtures is realized in the process; the unpulped pods enter a tailing auger to be removed again.

In order to reduce the size, the existing single-longitudinal axial-flow soybean combine harvester generally has no related material returning device below the threshing cylinder, so that soybean grains falling from the rear part of the cylinder are easy to be carried and thrown out of the machine, and the cleaning loss rate is high.

Therefore, how to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester so as to reduce the cleaning loss rate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester, which comprises: cleaning sieve, return stroke conveyor and cleaning casing, cleaning sieve set up in cleaning casing, threshing cylinder set up in cleaning sieve's top, threshing cylinder's front end and rear end respectively with cleaning sieve's front end and rear end are relative, return stroke conveyor certainly cleaning sieve's rear end to cleaning sieve's front end extends, just return stroke conveyor set up in threshing cylinder with between the cleaning sieve.

Preferably, the single-axis axial-flow soybean combine harvester cleaning device further comprises a fan structure, the fan structure is arranged in the cleaning shell, the fan structure is arranged below the front end of the cleaning sieve, the fan structure comprises a fan impeller, an upper edge plate, a lower edge plate, an upper air deflector, a lower air deflector and an air adjusting plate, the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate are arranged along the circumferential direction of the fan impeller, an upper air outlet and a lower air outlet are formed between the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate, the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector are arranged in the lower air outlet, the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector separate the lower air outlet into three air outlet channels, the air adjusting plates are arranged at two ends of the fan impeller, and the air adjusting plates are used for adjusting the air inlet amount of the fan structure.

Preferably, the air adjusting plate, the upper air deflector and the lower air deflector are respectively provided with a first sliding groove, a second sliding groove and a third sliding groove, the cleaning shell is provided with a first bolt, a second bolt and a third bolt, the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt respectively penetrate through the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove and are respectively fastened through the first nut, the second nut and the third nut, and the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt are respectively in sliding connection with the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove.

Preferably, the cleaning sieve comprises a sieve frame, a front screening component, a middle screening component and a rear screening component, the front screening component, the middle screening component and the rear screening component are arranged along the length direction of the sieve frame, the front screening component comprises a first finger-shaped sieve, a second finger-shaped sieve, an upper-layer step shaking plate, a middle-layer step shaking plate and a lower-layer step shaking plate, the upper-layer step shaking plate, the middle-layer step shaking plate and the lower-layer step shaking plate are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the first finger-shaped sieve and the second finger-shaped sieve are arranged behind the first finger-shaped sieve, the second finger-shaped sieve, the upper-layer step shaking plate, the middle-layer step shaking plate and the lower-layer step shaking plate are fixedly connected with the sieve frame, the middle screening component comprises a fisheye sieve and a woven sieve which are vertically overlapped, the fisheye sieve and the woven sieve are fixedly connected with the sieve frame, the rear screening component comprises three layers of inclined tail sieves which are sequentially arranged along the length, and the three layers of the inclined tail sieves are partially overlapped with each other, and each inclined tail sieve is fixedly connected with the sieve frame.

Preferably, the included angle between the return conveying device and the fisheye screen is 0-30 degrees.

Preferably, the front end of the return conveying device is positioned right above the rear end of the second finger-shaped screen.

Preferably, the return conveyor is a belt conveyor.

Preferably, single longitudinal axis STREAMING soybean combine cleaning plant still includes the screw feeder structure, the screw feeder structure set up in clean the casing, just the screw feeder structure set up in the below of cleaning sieve, the screw feeder structure includes seed grain screw feeder and miscellaneous surplus screw feeder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the invention provides a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester, which comprises: the cleaning sieve is arranged in the cleaning shell, the threshing cylinder is arranged above the cleaning sieve, the front end and the rear end of the threshing cylinder are respectively opposite to the front end and the rear end of the cleaning sieve, the return conveying device extends from the rear end of the cleaning sieve to the front end of the cleaning sieve, and the return conveying device is arranged between the threshing cylinder and the cleaning sieve. In the specific use process, the soybean threshing mixture after being threshed from the rear part of the threshing cylinder falls onto the return conveying device, the mixture is conveyed to the front half part of the cleaning sieve by the return conveying device, and screening is realized by the reciprocating motion of the cleaning sieve, so that the situation that soybean seeds are blown out of the machine when falling from the rear part of the threshing cylinder to the cleaning sieve is effectively reduced, and the loss rate of cleaning operation is reduced. In addition, through setting up the return stroke device, the soybean is deviate from the washing stroke increase of mixture, and the cleaning effect is better, has effectively reduced the miscellaneous rate of cleaning operation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester provided in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a fan structure;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sorting screen;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a fisheye screen;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a woven screen;

fig. 6 is a front view of the return conveyance device;

description of reference numerals: 100. a cleaning device of the single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester; 1. a fan structure; 101. an air adjusting plate; 102. a fan impeller; 103. an upper edge panel; 104. an upper air deflector; 105. a lower air deflector; 106. a lower edge plate; 107. an upper air outlet; 108. an air outlet duct; 2. a seed auger; 3. a tailing auger; 4. cleaning and screening; 401. an upper-layer step shaking plate; 402. a first finger screen; 403. a second finger sieve; 404. a fisheye sieve; 405. weaving a sieve; 406. screening the inclined tail; 407. a lower-layer step shaking plate; 408. a middle-layer stepped shaking plate; 409. a screen frame; 5. a return conveyance device; 6. a cleaning shell.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a cleaning device of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester, which can reduce the cleaning loss rate.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine cleaning device 100 including: the cleaning and sorting device comprises a cleaning and sorting screen 4, a return conveying device 5 and a cleaning and sorting shell 6, wherein the cleaning and sorting screen 4 is arranged in the cleaning and sorting shell 6, a threshing cylinder is arranged above the cleaning and sorting screen 4, the front end and the rear end of the threshing cylinder are respectively opposite to the front end and the rear end of the cleaning and sorting screen 4, the return conveying device 5 extends from the rear end of the cleaning and sorting screen 4 to the front end of the cleaning and sorting screen 4, and the return conveying device 5 is arranged between the threshing cylinder and the cleaning and sorting screen 4. The cleaning loss rate of the cleaning device 100 of the single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester is low.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the cleaning device 100 of the single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester further includes a fan structure 1, the fan structure 1 is disposed in the cleaning shell 6, and the fan structure 1 is disposed below the front end of the cleaning sieve 4, the fan structure 1 includes a fan impeller 102, an upper edge plate 103, a lower edge plate 106, an upper air deflector 104, a lower air deflector 105, and an air adjusting plate 101, the upper edge plate 103 and the lower edge plate 106 are disposed along the circumferential direction of the fan impeller 102, an upper air outlet 107 and a lower air outlet are formed between the upper edge plate 103 and the lower edge plate 106, the upper air deflector 104 and the lower air deflector 105 are disposed in the lower air outlet, the upper air deflector 104 and the lower air deflector 105 divide the lower air outlet into three air outlet channels 108, both ends of the fan impeller 102 are air inlets, both ends of the fan impeller 102 are provided with the air adjusting plates 101, and the adjusting plate portion or the air inlets are blocked, the air adjusting plate 101 is used for adjusting the air inlet volume of the fan structure 1 by controlling the air inlet. With such an arrangement, the air adjusting plate 101, the upper air deflector 104 and the lower air deflector 105 form a double air outlet (an upper air outlet 107 and a lower air outlet) and four air channels (an upper air outlet 107 and three air outlet channels 108) so that the air flow generated by the fan impeller 102 is uniformly distributed in the cleaning shell 6.

In this embodiment, in order to adjust the airflow conveniently, the air adjusting plate 101, the upper air guiding plate 104 and the lower air guiding plate 105 are respectively provided with a first sliding groove, a second sliding groove and a third sliding groove, the cleaning shell 6 is provided with a first bolt, a second bolt and a third bolt, the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt respectively pass through the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove and are respectively fastened by a first nut, a second nut and a third nut, and the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt are respectively connected with the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove in a sliding manner. In a specific using process, the first nut, the second nut and the third nut are unscrewed, and the positions of the first bolt, the second bolt and the third bolt in the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove are adjusted, so that the positions of the air adjusting plate 101, the upper air guide plate 104 and the lower air guide plate 105 can be adjusted, and further the sizes of the air inlet, the upper air outlet 107 and the air outlet duct 108 are adjusted, namely the adjustment of air flow is realized.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the cleaning sieve 4 includes a sieve frame 409, and a front sieving assembly, a middle sieving assembly and a rear sieving assembly arranged along a length direction of the sieve frame 409, the front sieving assembly includes a first finger-shaped sieve 402, a second finger-shaped sieve 403, and an upper step shaking plate 401, a middle step shaking plate 408 and a lower step shaking plate 407 arranged from top to bottom in sequence, the first finger-shaped sieve 402 is fixedly connected to a rear portion of the upper step shaking plate 401, the second finger-shaped sieve 403 is arranged at a rear portion of the first finger-shaped sieve 402, the second finger-shaped sieve 403, the upper step shaking plate 401, the middle step shaking plate 408 and the lower step shaking plate 407 are fixedly connected to the sieve frame 409, the middle sieving assembly includes a fisheye sieve 404 and a woven sieve 405 arranged in an overlapping manner, the fisheye sieve 404 and the woven sieve 405 are fixedly connected to the sieve frame 409, the rear sieving assembly includes a three layers of inclined tail sieves 406 arranged along a length direction of the sieve frame 409 in sequence, and the three layers of the inclined tail sieves 406 are partially overlapped with each other, and each inclined tail sieve 406 is fixedly connected with the sieve frame 409. In this embodiment, specifically, the holes of the fisheye screen 404 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the step heights and lengths of the upper step shaking plate 401, the middle step shaking plate 408, and the lower step shaking plate 407 are: 12mm by 28 mm. In the specific use process, the first finger-shaped sieve 402 shakes and disperses the threshed objects to layer grains and the sundries of the stalks, the middle-layer ladder shaking plate 408 separates the threshed objects falling from the first finger-shaped sieve 402, and the cleaning burden of the fisheye sieve 404 and the woven sieve 405 is reduced; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the material is primarily sorted from the first finger-shaped sieve 402 and the second finger-shaped sieve 403 and falls to the fisheye sieve 404, the sieve holes of the fisheye sieve 404 are arranged in a staggered mode, the effective screening area is increased, and soybean seeds and other impurities are separated by matching with the lower-layer stepped shaking plate 407 and the woven sieve 405.

In this embodiment, the upper step shaking plate 401, the middle step shaking plate 408, and the lower step shaking plate 407 are all of a stepped structure, and the upper step shaking plate 401, the middle step shaking plate 408, and the lower step shaking plate 407 are arranged in a stepped manner; the length of the upper-layer step shaking plate 401 is 205mm, and the vertical distance between the upper-layer step shaking plate 401 and the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 is 70-80 mm; the length of the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 is 250mm, a fisheye screen 404 is arranged behind the middle-layer step shaking plate 408, soybean threshed products in front of the sorting screen 4 fall on the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 through the shaking dispersion effect of the upper-layer step shaking plate 401 and the first finger-shaped screen 402, and enter the screen surface of the fisheye screen 404 through the shaking separation of the middle-layer step shaking plate 408; the vertical distance between the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 and the lower-layer step shaking plate 407 is 160mm, the length of the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 is 90mm, and the upper-layer step shaking plate 401, the middle-layer step shaking plate 408 and the lower-layer step shaking plate 407 are all fixed on the sieve frame 409, so that the shaking and layering effects on the soybean threshed products are realized.

In this embodiment, the angle between the return conveyor 5 and the fisheye screen 404 is 0-30 degrees. So set up, clean loss rate and clean miscellaneous rate lower, clean index is more excellent. In this embodiment, specifically, the fisheye screen 404 is horizontally disposed, the single-axis axial-flow type soybean combine cleaning device 100 further includes a return support, the front end and the rear end of the return conveying device 5 are both fixed on the return support through bolts, a plurality of threaded holes are respectively formed in positions of the return support corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the return conveying device 5, and the adjustment of an included angle between the return conveying device 5 and the fisheye screen 404 is realized by installing bolts in the threaded holes in different positions. It should be noted that the adjustment of the included angle between the return conveyor 5 and the fisheye screen 404 is not limited to the above-mentioned manner, and may be in other manners, for example, guide grooves may be provided at positions of the return bracket corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the return conveyor 5, and the adjustment of the included angle between the return conveyor 5 and the fisheye screen 404 may be realized by adjusting the positions of the bolts in the guide grooves.

In the present embodiment, specifically, the front end of the return conveyor 5 is located right above the rear end of the second finger screen 403.

In the present embodiment, the return conveyor 5 is a belt conveyor.

In this embodiment, the cleaning device 100 of the single-longitudinal axial-flow soybean combine harvester further comprises an auger structure, the auger structure is arranged in the cleaning shell 6, the auger structure is arranged below the cleaning sieve 4, and the auger structure comprises a seed auger 2 and a residue auger 3. How the grain screw 2 and the tailing screw 3 are specifically arranged in the cleaning shell 6 belongs to the prior art, and is not the key point of the protection of the invention, and the detailed description is omitted.

The working principle is as follows: the soybean separated mixture from the rear part of the threshing cylinder falls onto a return conveying device 5, the mixture is conveyed to the front half part of a cleaning sieve 4 through the return conveying device 5, the mixture is screened through the reciprocating motion of the cleaning sieve 4, meanwhile, under the air flow blowing-off action of a fan structure 1, the light impurities of the stem pods and the like are blown out of the machine, finally, the mixture which is not completely separated enters a cleaning shell 6 through a tailing auger 3 for secondary cleaning, and soybean grains enter a harvester barn through a grain auger 2.

The mixture separated from the rear part of the threshing cylinder is conveyed back to the front half part of the cleaning sieve 4 for cleaning again through the return conveying device 5, so that the cleaning load of the three-layer inclined tail sieve 406 is reduced, and the effective stroke of separating and cleaning materials is increased.

It should be noted that the embodiment provides a cleaning device 100 of a single longitudinal axial flow type soybean combine harvester, which is arranged in the manner shown in fig. 1, and the left end is front and the right end is rear.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that certain terms of orientation or positional relationship are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that "connected" is to be understood broadly, for example, it may be fixed, detachable, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.