阅读说明：本技术 一种动力耦合的四挡变速器及其工作方法 (Power-coupled four-gear transmission and working method thereof ) 是由 雷作钊 罗南昌 罗天生 叶美琴 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种动力耦合的四挡变速器及其工作方法,包括四挡变速器本体,所述四挡变速器本体的动力输入轴的输入端外侧平行设有多个耦合转轴,每个耦合转轴分别经耦合电机驱动旋转,每个耦合转轴分别经传动机构与动力输入轴的输入端传动连接,以驱动动力输入轴转动。本发明设计合理,采用多台耦合电机进行动力的耦合,使得整个四挡变速器的体积更小,减少占用空间；同时在其中某台耦合电机出现故障时,其余耦合电机还可以继续工作来保证变速器的运行。(The invention relates to a power-coupled four-gear transmission and a working method thereof. The four-gear transmission is reasonable in design, and the plurality of coupling motors are adopted for power coupling, so that the whole four-gear transmission is smaller in size, and the occupied space is reduced; meanwhile, when one coupling motor fails, the other coupling motors can continue to work to ensure the operation of the transmission.)

1. A power-coupled four-speed transmission, characterized by: the four-gear transmission comprises a four-gear transmission body, wherein a plurality of coupling rotating shafts are arranged on the outer side of the input end of a power input shaft of the four-gear transmission body in parallel, each coupling rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a coupling motor, and each coupling rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the input end of the power input shaft through a transmission mechanism so as to drive the power input shaft to rotate.

2. A power coupled four speed transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coupling rotating shafts are uniformly distributed around the power input shaft in a circumferential manner, and the input end of the power input shaft is provided with a central gear; the transmission mechanism comprises a coupling gear arranged on the coupling rotating shaft, and the coupling gear is meshed with the central gear.

3. A power coupled four speed transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the transfer case is characterized by further comprising a transfer case shell which is located on the outer side of the power input shaft and fixed with the four-gear transmission body, the input end of the power input shaft is connected to the transfer case shell through a rotating connecting seat, a flange seat used for installing a coupling motor is arranged on the outer side of the transfer case shell, and the coupling motor is connected with the flange seat of the transfer case shell through a connecting flange.

4. A power coupled four speed transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the four-gear transmission body comprises a transmission shell, a power input shaft, a power output shaft, a middle shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch and a fourth clutch; the central line of the power input shaft and the central line of the power output shaft are arranged in a collinear way, the input end of the power input shaft and the output end of the power output shaft respectively penetrate through two opposite side walls of the shell of the transmission, the power input shaft transmits power to the intermediate shaft through the first clutch or the second clutch, and then the intermediate shaft transmits the power to the power output shaft through the third clutch or the fourth clutch; the central line of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the central line of the power input shaft and is arranged in the transmission shell.

5. A power coupled four speed transmission according to claim 4, wherein: the bottom of derailleur casing is equipped with fluid heating mechanism, fluid heating mechanism includes the oil pan, oil-out and oil return opening have been seted up to the oil pan lateral part, oil-out department is connected with out oil pipe, the heating rod that stretches into in the oil pipe is installed to the outside one end of play oil pipe, the oil absorption opening has been seted up to the oil pipe lateral part, the oil absorption opening is linked together with an oil pump entry.

6. A power coupled four speed transmission according to claim 5, wherein: a filter is arranged above the oil outlet pipe, the inlet end of the filter is connected with an oil suction port of the oil outlet pipe, the outlet end of the filter is connected with an L-shaped joint, and the L-shaped joint is connected with an inlet of the oil pump through a hose; the filter is fixed on the transmission shell through an arched filter support, the filter is connected with the filter support through screws, and the filter support is connected to the outer side face of the transmission shell through screws; the oil outlet pipe is composed of a ferrule type pipe joint and a ferrule type three-way joint, a transition joint is installed at one outward end of the ferrule type three-way joint, and the heating rod penetrates through the middle of the transition joint and is in threaded connection with the transition joint.

7. A power coupled four speed transmission according to claim 5, wherein: an upper layer and a lower layer of serpentine radiating pipes are arranged in the oil pan, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are respectively connected with two ends of the serpentine radiating pipes are arranged at the side part of the oil pan; a first temperature sensor is further mounted on the side of the oil pan, and a probe of the first temperature sensor extends into the oil pan; a plurality of threaded through holes are formed in the bottom of the oil pan, and magnetic plugs are installed in the threaded through holes.

8. A power coupled four speed transmission according to claim 4, wherein: still include clutch temperature detection structure, clutch temperature detection structure includes four second temperature sensor corresponding with the position of first clutch, second clutch, third clutch and fourth clutch, second temperature sensor installs the lateral wall at transmission housing, and second temperature sensor's probe extends to near corresponding group's clutch towards one end inwards.

9. A power coupled four speed transmission according to claim 8, wherein: each group of clutches is provided with a piston jacking plate positioned in the middle and two clutches positioned on two sides of the piston jacking plate, each clutch is a multi-plate friction clutch, and the inward end of a probe of each temperature sensor is close to the piston jacking plate of the corresponding group of clutches.

10. A working method of a power coupling four-gear transmission is characterized in that: the power-coupled four-gear transmission comprises the power-coupled four-gear transmission as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the four-gear transmission works, a plurality of coupling motors transmit power to corresponding coupling rotating shafts on the periphery of a central gear in the same mode, the power is transmitted to the central gear through the engagement of the coupling gears on the coupling rotating shafts and the central gear, and the central gear drives a power input shaft to rotate so as to realize power coupling; the hydraulic oil in the four-gear transmission body is pumped out from the oil outlet, the heating rod heats the oil passing through the oil outlet pipe, and the heated oil returns to the hydraulic system on the four-gear transmission body through the oil pump.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a power coupling four-gear transmission and a working method thereof.

Background art:

when the existing four-gear transmission is applied to a large-sized vehicle, a high-power motor is generally connected with an input shaft of the four-gear transmission, and the high-power motor has a large size, so that the whole power system has a large volume and occupies a large space.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, namely, the invention aims to provide a power coupling four-gear transmission and a working method thereof, which have reasonable structural design and effectively reduce the occupied space.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a four-gear transmission of power coupling comprises a four-gear transmission body, wherein a plurality of coupling rotating shafts are arranged on the outer side of the input end of a power input shaft of the four-gear transmission body in parallel, each coupling rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a coupling motor, and each coupling rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the input end of the power input shaft through a transmission mechanism so as to drive the power input shaft to rotate.

Furthermore, a plurality of coupling rotating shafts are uniformly distributed around the power input shaft in a circumferential manner, and the input end of the power input shaft is provided with a central gear; the transmission mechanism comprises a coupling gear arranged on the coupling rotating shaft, and the coupling gear is meshed with the central gear.

The power input shaft is connected to the transfer case shell through a rotating connecting seat, a flange seat used for installing a coupling motor is arranged on the outer side of the transfer case shell, and the coupling motor is connected with the flange seat of the transfer case shell through a connecting flange.

Further, the four-gear transmission body comprises a transmission shell, a power input shaft, a power output shaft, an intermediate shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch and a fourth clutch; the central line of the power input shaft and the central line of the power output shaft are arranged in a collinear way, the input end of the power input shaft and the output end of the power output shaft respectively penetrate through two opposite side walls of the shell of the transmission, the power input shaft transmits power to the intermediate shaft through the first clutch or the second clutch, and then the intermediate shaft transmits the power to the power output shaft through the third clutch or the fourth clutch; the central line of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the central line of the power input shaft and is arranged in the transmission shell.

Further, the bottom of derailleur casing is equipped with fluid heating mechanism, fluid heating mechanism includes the oil pan, oil-out and oil return opening have been seted up to the oil pan lateral part, oil-out department is connected with out oil pipe, the heating rod that stretches into in the oil pipe is installed to the one end outwards of going out oil pipe, the oil absorption opening has been seted up to the oil pipe lateral part, the oil absorption opening is linked together with an oil pump entry.

Further, a filter is arranged above the oil outlet pipe, the inlet end of the filter is connected with an oil suction port of the oil outlet pipe, the outlet end of the filter is connected with an L-shaped joint, and the L-shaped joint is connected with an inlet of the oil pump through a hose; the filter is fixed on the transmission shell through an arched filter support, the filter is connected with the filter support through screws, and the filter support is connected to the outer side face of the transmission shell through screws; the oil outlet pipe is composed of a ferrule type pipe joint and a ferrule type three-way joint, a transition joint is installed at one outward end of the ferrule type three-way joint, and the heating rod penetrates through the middle of the transition joint and is in threaded connection with the transition joint.

Furthermore, an upper layer and a lower layer of serpentine radiating pipes are arranged in the oil pan, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are respectively connected with two ends of each serpentine radiating pipe are arranged at the side part of the oil pan; a first temperature sensor is further mounted on the side of the oil pan, and a probe of the first temperature sensor extends into the oil pan; a plurality of threaded through holes are formed in the bottom of the oil pan, and magnetic plugs are installed in the threaded through holes.

Further, still include clutch temperature detection structure, clutch temperature detection structure includes four second temperature sensor corresponding with the position of first clutch, second clutch, third clutch and fourth clutch, second temperature sensor installs the lateral wall at the derailleur casing, and second temperature sensor's probe extends to near corresponding group's clutch towards one end inwards.

Furthermore, each group of clutches is provided with a piston pressing plate in the middle and two clutches positioned on two sides of the piston pressing plate, the clutches are multi-plate friction clutches, and the inward end of a probe of the temperature sensor is close to the piston pressing plate of the corresponding group of clutches.

The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a working method of a power-coupled four-gear transmission comprises the steps that when the four-gear transmission works, a plurality of coupling motors transmit power to corresponding coupling rotating shafts on the periphery of a central gear in the same mode, the power is transmitted to the central gear through the engagement of the coupling gears on the coupling rotating shafts and the central gear, and the central gear drives a power input shaft to rotate so as to realize power coupling; the hydraulic oil in the four-gear transmission body is pumped out from the oil outlet, the heating rod heats the oil passing through the oil outlet pipe, and the heated oil returns to the hydraulic system on the four-gear transmission body through the oil pump.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:

(1) the four-gear transmission is reasonable in design, and the plurality of coupling motors are adopted for power coupling, so that the whole four-gear transmission is smaller in size, and the occupied space is reduced;

(2) a plurality of coupling motors are adopted for power coupling, and when a certain coupling motor fails, the rest coupling motors can also continue to work to ensure the operation of the transmission;

(3) the oil pan of the four-gear transmission body is reasonable, simple and compact in structural design, good in cooling effect and strong in practicability, the oil temperature of the transmission can be effectively reduced, and the running stability of the transmission is ensured; meanwhile, iron powder or scrap iron impurities mixed in the oil liquid are easy to remove;

(4) the temperature sensors are used for detecting the temperature of each clutch, so that the structure is simple, the practicability is high, the detection result is high in accuracy, and a basis is provided for adjusting the working condition of the whole transmission;

(5) the oil temperature in the speed changer can be quickly improved, the fluidity of hydraulic oil is improved, so that the hydraulic pump on the speed changer is easier and more labor-saving in oil pumping, and the working performance of the speed changer is ensured.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an internal perspective view of a power coupling structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of a power coupling structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dynamic coupling structure in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a four speed transmission body in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional configuration of an oil heating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the partial configuration of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a front view of an oil pan in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a top view of an oil pan in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the oil pan in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 13 is a side view of a clutch temperature sensing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 13;

fig. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram of the four-speed transmission control system.

In fig. 1 to 6:

100-a transmission housing; 110-four speed transmission body; 120-flange seat; 130-a coupling shaft; 140-a coupling gear; 150-power input shaft; 160-sun gear; 170-transfer case housing; 180-coupled motor; 200-an oil pan; 210-a power take-off shaft; 220-middle shaft; 230-first switched dual clutch; 240-second switching double clutch; k1 — first clutch; k2 — second clutch; k3-third clutch; k4-fourth clutch;

in fig. 7 to 9:

210A-oil outlet; 220A-oil return port; 230A-oil outlet pipe; 231A-oil suction port; 232A-ferrule type pipe joint; 233A-ferrule type three-way joint; 234A-transition joint; 240A-heating rod; 300A-filter; 310A-L shaped joint; 320A-filter holder;

in fig. 10 to 12:

110B-serpentine radiating pipe; 120B-coolant inlet; 130B-coolant outlet; 140B-a first temperature sensor; 150B-magnetic plug; 160B-upper pressing strip;

in fig. 13 to 14:

110C-clutch; 111C-piston top platen; 120C-a second temperature sensor;

in fig. 15:

1-a hydraulic valve block; 2-an oil tank; 3-oil inlet circuit; 4-lubricating oil path; 5-a main lubricating oil conveying path; 6-a first supplementary oil path; 7-a lubricating oil delivery branch; 8-a main valve block; 9-an oil inlet pipe; 10-a first one-way valve; 11-a first proportional valve; 12-a second proportional valve; 13-a third proportional valve; 14-a first direction valve; 15-a second reversing valve; 16-a third directional valve; 17-a first oil outlet filter element; 18-a second oil outlet filter element; 19-main lubrication circuit; 20-a second makeup oil circuit; 21-auxiliary lubricating oil path; 22-mechanical platform valve block; 23-a fourth directional valve; 24-a first dosing pump; 25-a first filter element; 26-a second one-way valve; 27-a second dosing pump; 28-a second cartridge; 29-a high speed motor; 30-a throttle valve; 31-relief valve; 32-pressure relief oil path; 33-a first pressure sensor; 34-pressure measuring joint; 35-a heater; 36-an oil absorption filter; 37-a second pressure sensor; 38-oil return tank; 39-a heat sink; 40-a breathable cap; 41-a first clutch; 42-a second clutch; 43-a third clutch; 44-fourth clutch.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the power-coupled four-gear transmission of the present invention includes a four-gear transmission body 110, wherein a plurality of coupling shafts 130 are disposed on an outer side of an input end of a power input shaft 150 of the four-gear transmission body 110, the coupling shafts 130 are parallel to the power input shaft 150, each coupling shaft 130 is driven by a coupling motor 180 to rotate, and each coupling shaft 130 is in transmission connection with the input end of the power input shaft 150 through a transmission mechanism to drive the power input shaft 150 to rotate. The coupling motors are adopted for power coupling, so that the whole four-gear transmission is smaller in size, and the occupied space is reduced; meanwhile, when one coupling motor fails, the other coupling motors can continue to work to ensure the operation of the transmission.

In this embodiment, the plurality of coupling rotating shafts 130 are uniformly distributed around the power input shaft 150, and the input end of the power input shaft 150 is provided with a central gear 160; the transmission mechanism includes a coupling gear 140 mounted on the coupling shaft 130, and the coupling gear 140 is engaged with the sun gear 160.

In this embodiment, the coupling motor is a high-speed motor with a power of about 100 KW. Preferably, the number of the coupling motors, the coupling shafts and the coupling gears is the same, and is 5, but not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the transfer case further comprises a transfer case housing 170 located outside the power input shaft 150 and fixed to the four-speed transmission body 110, the input end of the power input shaft 150 is connected to the transfer case housing 170 through a rotation connecting seat, a flange seat 120 for mounting a coupling motor 180 is arranged outside the transfer case housing 170, and the coupling motor 180 is connected to the flange seat 120 of the transfer case housing 170 through a connecting flange.

As shown in fig. 6, the four-speed transmission body 110 includes a transmission case 100, a power input shaft 150, a power output shaft 210, an intermediate shaft 220, a first clutch K1, a second clutch K2, a third clutch K3, and a fourth clutch K4; the central line of the power input shaft 150 and the central line of the power output shaft 210 are arranged in a collinear manner, the input end of the power input shaft 150 and the output end of the power output shaft 210 respectively penetrate through two opposite side walls of the transmission shell 100, the power input shaft 150 transmits power to the intermediate shaft 220 through the first clutch K1 or the second clutch K2, and then the intermediate shaft 220 transmits power to the power output shaft 210 through the third clutch K3 or the fourth clutch K4; the center line of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the center line of the power input shaft and is arranged in the transmission shell; the first clutch and the second clutch are combined into a first switching type dual clutch 230, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are combined into a second switching type dual clutch 240, and the first switching type dual clutch and the second switching type dual clutch are the same switching type dual clutch. It should be noted that the four-speed transmission body further includes a gear transmission mechanism disposed between the power input shaft, the power output shaft and the intermediate shaft, and these gear transmission mechanisms all belong to the prior art, and the specific structure and operation principle thereof are not specifically described herein. The first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch are all existing clutch structures, such as a friction clutch and a hydraulic clutch, and the clutches only play a role in transmitting power.

In this embodiment, an oil heating mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the transmission housing, as shown in fig. 7-9, the oil heating mechanism includes an oil pan 200, an oil outlet 210A and an oil return port 220A are disposed on a side portion of the oil pan 200, the oil outlet 210A is connected to an oil outlet pipe 230A, a heating rod 240A extending into the oil outlet pipe is mounted at an outward end of the oil outlet pipe 230A, an oil suction port 231A is disposed on a side portion of the oil outlet pipe 230A, and the oil suction port 231A is communicated with an inlet of an oil pump (not shown in the figure). The hydraulic oil in the four-gear transmission body is pumped out from the oil outlet, the heating rod heats the oil passing through the oil outlet pipe, and the heated oil returns to the transmission through the oil pump. By heating the hydraulic oil to a certain degree, the fluidity of the oil can be improved, so that a hydraulic pump on the transmission is not too hard to pump oil, and the normal work of the transmission is ensured; and adopt instant heating's mode, can promote the oil temperature more fast.

In this embodiment, a filter 300A is disposed above the oil outlet pipe 230A, an inlet end of the filter 300A is connected to an oil suction port of the oil outlet pipe 230A, an outlet end of the filter is connected to an L-shaped joint 310A, the L-shaped joint is connected to an inlet of an oil pump via a hose, and an outlet of the oil pump is connected to an oil return port of an oil pan via a hose; the filter can filter out impurities in the oil.

In this embodiment, in order to make the filter mounting more firm, the filter 300A is fixed to the transmission case 100 by an arcuate filter holder 320A, the filter 300A and the filter holder 320A are connected by screws, and the filter holder 320A is connected to the outer side surface of the transmission case 100 by screws.

In this embodiment, the oil outlet pipe 230A is composed of a ferrule type pipe joint 232A and a ferrule type three-way joint 233A, a transition joint 234A is installed at an outward end of the ferrule type three-way joint 233A, and the heating rod passes through the middle of the transition joint and is in threaded connection with the transition joint.

As shown in fig. 10-12, two layers of serpentine heat dissipation tubes 110B are disposed inside the oil pan, and the side of the oil pan 200 is provided with a cooling fluid inlet 120B and a cooling fluid outlet 130B connected to two ends of the serpentine heat dissipation tubes 110B, respectively; the oil pan 200 is also mounted on the side with a first temperature sensor 140B, and the probe of the first temperature sensor 140B extends into the oil pan 200. The radiator is arranged in the space in the oil pan, the structure is simple and compact, the design of a transmission shell is not influenced, the design is reasonable, the cooling liquid is introduced into the radiating tubes, and the heat of hydraulic oil can be taken away by the cooling liquid through the radiating tubes, so that the oil temperature is reduced, and the operation stability of the transmission is ensured; the first temperature sensor may detect the oil temperature in real time.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the oil pan 200 is provided with a plurality of threaded through holes, and the magnetic plugs 150B are installed in the threaded through holes. The magnetic plug can adsorb iron powder or scrap iron in oil, so that the filter is prevented from being blocked by the impurities, and meanwhile, the gear is prevented from being abraded during lubrication. The radiating pipe is made of copper pipes.

In this embodiment, be provided with the bottom suspension fagging that supports lower floor's snakelike cooling tube in the oil pan, the bottom suspension fagging upside is provided with the intermediate support strip that supports upper snakelike cooling tube, the intermediate support strip upside is provided with upper press strip 160B, lower support strip, intermediate support strip and upper press strip pass through bolted connection and be in the same place, and the semicircular groove that the position corresponds is seted up to bottom suspension fagging upside and intermediate support strip downside, and the semicircular groove that the position corresponds is also seted up to intermediate support strip upside and upper press strip downside, and two semicircular grooves that correspond about, form round hole confession.

In the present embodiment, a clutch temperature detection structure is further included, as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the clutch temperature detection structure includes four second temperature sensors 120C corresponding to positions of the first clutch, the second clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch, the four second temperature sensors 120C are mounted on a side wall of the transmission case 100, and probes of the second temperature sensors 120C extend to a position near the corresponding set of clutches at an inward end. The probe of the second temperature sensor extends to the position near the clutch, oil thrown out from the clutch along the radial direction can contact the probe of the temperature sensor at once, the temperature of the oil cannot be lost too much, the oil temperature detected by the temperature sensor is guaranteed to be closest to the temperature of the clutch, the structure is simple, and the accuracy of a detection result is high.

In this embodiment, each set of clutches 110C has a piston top pressure plate located in the middle and two clutches located at two sides of the piston top pressure plate, the clutches are multi-plate friction clutches, and the inward end of the probe of the temperature sensor is close to the piston top pressure plate 111C of the corresponding set of clutches; the piston top pressure plate moves towards different sides to realize the engagement of clutches on different sides and further realize gear shifting, and the multi-plate friction clutch is in the prior art, and the structure and the working principle of the multi-plate friction clutch are not specifically explained; oil for lubricating and cooling the friction plate in the clutch can be thrown out from two sides of the probe of the second temperature sensor (namely two sides of the piston jacking disc), the thrown oil just contacts the probe of the second temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor can detect the oil temperature at the moment, and the oil temperature at the moment is the temperature of the clutch recently.

In this embodiment, the distance between the inward end of the second temperature sensor and the piston pressing plate is 2-5 mm.

In this embodiment, the side wall of the transmission case 100 is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a temperature sensor.

In this embodiment, when the power-coupled four-gear transmission works, the plurality of coupling motors transmit power to the coupling rotating shafts corresponding to the periphery of the central gear in the same manner, and then the power is transmitted to the central gear by meshing the coupling gears on the coupling rotating shafts with the central gear, and the central gear drives the power input shaft to rotate so as to realize power coupling; the hydraulic oil in the four-gear transmission body is pumped out from the oil outlet, the heating rod heats the oil passing through the oil outlet pipe, and the heated oil returns to the hydraulic system on the four-gear transmission body through the oil pump.

As shown in FIG. 15, oil chambers corresponding to four clutches of the four-speed transmission are respectively a K1 end oil chamber, a K2 end oil chamber, a K3 end oil chamber and a K4 end oil chamber of the clutches. When the transmission works, the neutral gear is switched to a first gear, the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the first gear is switched to a second gear, the first clutch and the third clutch are closed, the second gear is switched to a third gear, the second clutch and the fourth clutch are closed, the third gear is switched to a fourth gear, and the second clutch and the third clutch are closed.

The control system of the four-gear transmission comprises a hydraulic valve block 1, an oil tank 2, an oil inlet oil way 3 and a lubricating oil way 4, wherein oil outlets of the hydraulic valve block 1 are respectively connected with oil cavities at K1, K2, K3 and K4 ends of a clutch; the oil outlet end of the oil tank 2 is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic valve block 1 through an oil inlet oil path 3 and is used for supplying oil to oil cavities at all ends of the clutch; the lubricating oil path 4 comprises a lubricating oil conveying main path 5, one end of the lubricating oil conveying main path is connected with the oil outlet end of the oil tank 2, the other end of the lubricating oil conveying main path 5 is connected with a first supplementary oil path 6 and a lubricating oil conveying branch 7 which are connected in parallel, and the lubricating oil conveying branch is used for conveying lubricating oil to the transmission; the first supplement oil way 6 is connected with the oil inlet oil way 3, oil in the lubricating oil way can be input into the oil inlet oil way through the first supplement oil way, so that the two constant delivery pumps work simultaneously to supply oil to the hydraulic valve block, sufficient working pressure is ensured when the two clutch pistons work simultaneously (for example, the second gear is switched to the third gear), and smooth gear shifting is ensured.

In the embodiment, the hydraulic valve block 1 comprises an oil inlet pipe 9 connected with the oil inlet channel 3 on a main valve block 8, and the oil inlet pipe 9 is respectively communicated with oil inlets of a first proportional valve 11, a second proportional valve 12 and a third proportional valve 13 through a first one-way valve 10; an oil outlet of the first proportional valve 10 is connected with an oil inlet of a first reversing valve 14, an oil outlet of the second proportional valve 11 is connected with an oil inlet of a second reversing valve 15, an oil outlet of the third proportional valve 12 is connected with an oil inlet of a third reversing valve 16, and an oil outlet of the third reversing valve 16 is connected to oil return ports of the first reversing valve 14 and the second reversing valve 15; the A \ B end of the first reversing valve 14 is respectively connected to oil cavities at the K1 and K2 ends of the clutch through a first oil outlet filter 17 core, and the A \ B end of the second reversing valve 15 is respectively connected to oil cavities at the K3 and K4 ends of the clutch through a second oil outlet filter 18 core; namely, each proportional valve controls the oil supply of 2 clutch oil chambers, and 2 proportional valves control the pressure of 4 oil chambers. The third proportional valve is used for switching the pressure difference of the balance oil cavity when the gear is shifted, and the third reversing valve is used for switching the pressure source of the balance oil cavity.

In this embodiment, the first direction valve 14 and the second direction valve 15 both adopt three-position four-way electromagnetic direction valves, and the third direction valve 16 adopts a two-position three-way electromagnetic direction valve.

In this embodiment, the lubricating oil delivery branch 7 is connected to a main lubricating oil path 19 for delivering lubricating oil to the transmission, the main lubricating oil path 19 is connected to a second supplementary oil path 20, and the second supplementary oil path 20 is connected to an oil return port of the third directional valve 16. Lubricating oil is conveyed to the third reversing valve 16 through the second supplementary oil path 20, and the third reversing valve 16 conveys oil to the clutch pipeline, so that the oil with certain pressure in the pipeline can be started only by inputting the oil with smaller pressure when the transmission is started, the starting pressure of the transmission is greatly reduced, the response speed is increased, and the response time is shortened. It should be noted that the main lubrication oil passage may be connected to a plurality of lubrication lines.

In this embodiment, the lubricating oil delivery branch 7 is further connected with an auxiliary lubricating oil path 21 connected in parallel with the main lubricating oil path 19, the auxiliary lubricating oil path 21 is used for delivering lubricating oil to the mechanical platform valve block 22, and an oil return port of the mechanical platform valve block 22 is connected to the oil tank 2 through a hose.

In this embodiment, the lubricating oil delivery branch 7 is provided with a fourth direction valve 23, and the fourth direction valve 23 is used for controlling on/off of the lubricating oil delivery branch.

In this embodiment, the oil inlet path 3 is sequentially provided with a first constant delivery pump 24, two first filter elements 25 and a second check valve 26 along the conveying direction, the two first filter elements perform filtering processing on oil output by the oil tank, and the first constant delivery pump conveys the oil output by the oil tank to the hydraulic valve block at a certain pressure to supply oil to the clutch.

In this embodiment, the main lubricating oil conveying path 5 is provided with a second fixed displacement pump 27 and two second filter elements 28 in sequence along the conveying direction.

In this embodiment, an oil passage for supplying oil to the high-speed motor 29 is provided between the first fixed displacement pump 24 and the second fixed displacement pump 27.

In this embodiment, a pressure relief oil path 32 formed by connecting a throttle valve 30 and an overflow valve 31 in series is arranged beside the oil inlet path 3, and the pressure relief oil path 32 is connected with the oil inlet path 3 and the oil tank 2 respectively. When maintenance is needed, the oil inlet oil way is subjected to pressure relief through the pressure relief oil way, and backflow oil generated by pressure relief flows back into the oil tank. Preferably, a pressure measuring joint 34 and a first pressure measuring sensor 33 are connected to the pressure relief oil path 32 to detect the oil pressure.

In this embodiment, the oil outlet end of the oil tank 2 is sequentially provided with a heater 35 and an oil absorption filter 36 along the conveying direction, a radiator 39 is arranged in the oil tank 2, and the oil tank 2 is further provided with a ventilation cap 40.

In this embodiment, the return ports of the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12, and the third proportional valve 13 lead to the return tank 38.

In the embodiment, second pressure measuring sensors are arranged between oil chambers at the ends K1, K2, K3 and K4 of the clutches and the reversing valve and are used for detecting oil pressure.

The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:

step S1: in the initial state, the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12, the third proportional valve 13, the first reversing valve 14, the second reversing valve 15 and the third reversing valve 16 are not powered;

step S2, the neutral gear is switched to the first gear, and the first clutch and the fourth clutch are closed;

step S21: the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 are all given a specified voltage, the oil supply pressure of the first proportional valve 11 and the second proportional valve 12 is slightly larger than the oil pressure of the third proportional valve 13 through a transmission controller, then the A end (Y1 end) of the first reversing valve 14 and the B end (Y4 end) of the second reversing valve 15 are respectively electrified, and the third reversing valve and the fourth reversing valve are respectively electrified; at the moment, the first proportional valve 11 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K2 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K1 end, the first clutch starts to be closed, the second proportional valve 12 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K4 end, and the fourth clutch starts to be closed; the third proportional valve 13 supplies oil to oil chambers at K1 and K4 ends of the clutch through a third reversing valve 16, and pressure difference of the oil chambers is balanced;

step S22: continuously adjusting the voltages of the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 in the process of closing the first clutch and the fourth clutch, increasing the pressure difference between the oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K2 end of the clutch and between the oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, finally reaching a required pressure difference to completely close the first clutch and the fourth clutch, and then powering off the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the third proportional valve to finish the gear shifting process;

step S3: switching the first gear to the second gear, and closing the first clutch and the third clutch;

step S31: the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 are all supplied with a specified voltage, the oil supply pressure of the first proportional valve 11 and the second proportional valve 12 is greater than the oil pressure of the third proportional valve 13, then the A end (Y1 end) of the first reversing valve 14 and the A end (Y3 end) of the second reversing valve 15 are respectively electrified, and the third reversing valve and the fourth reversing valve are respectively electrified; at the moment, the first proportional valve 11 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K2 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K1 end, the first clutch starts to be closed, the second proportional valve 12 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K3 end, and the third clutch starts to be closed; the third proportional valve 13 supplies oil to oil chambers at K1 and K3 ends of the clutch through a third reversing valve 16, and pressure difference of the oil chambers is balanced;

step S32: continuously adjusting the voltages of the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 in the process of closing the first clutch and the K3 to increase the pressure difference between the oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K2 end and between the oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, finally reaching a required pressure difference to completely close the first clutch and the third clutch, and then powering off the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the third proportional valve to finish the gear shifting process;

step S4, switching the second gear to the third gear, and closing the second clutch and the fourth clutch;

step S41: the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 are all supplied with a specified voltage, the oil supply pressure of the first proportional valve 11 and the second proportional valve 12 is greater than the oil pressure of the third proportional valve 13, then the B end (Y2 end) of the first reversing valve 14 and the B end (Y4 end) of the second reversing valve 15 are respectively electrified, and the third reversing valve and the fourth reversing valve are respectively electrified; at the moment, the first proportional valve 11 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K2 end, the second clutch starts to be closed, the second proportional valve 12 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K4 end, and the fourth clutch starts to be closed; the third proportional valve 13 supplies oil to oil chambers at K2 and K4 ends of the clutch through a third reversing valve 16, and pressure difference of the oil chambers is balanced;

step S42: continuously adjusting the voltages of the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 in the closing process of the second clutch and the fourth clutch, increasing the pressure difference between the oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K2 end of the clutch and between the oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, finally reaching a required pressure difference to completely close the second clutch and the fourth clutch, and then powering off the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the third proportional valve to finish the gear shifting process;

step S5, switching the third gear to the fourth gear, and closing the second clutch and the third clutch;

step S51: the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 are all supplied with a specified voltage, the oil supply pressure of the first proportional valve 11 and the second proportional valve 12 is greater than the oil pressure of the third proportional valve 13, then the B end (Y2 end) of the first reversing valve 14 and the A end (Y3 end) of the second reversing valve 15 are respectively electrified, and the third reversing valve and the fourth reversing valve are respectively electrified; at the moment, the first proportional valve 11 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K2 end, the second clutch starts to be closed, the second proportional valve 12 supplies oil to an oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, the piston pushes the oil cavity at the K3 end, and the third clutch starts to be closed; the third proportional valve 13 supplies oil to oil chambers at K2 and K3 ends of the clutch through a third reversing valve 16, and pressure difference of the oil chambers is balanced;

step S52: continuously adjusting the voltages of the first proportional valve 11, the second proportional valve 12 and the third proportional valve 13 in the closing process of the second clutch and the third clutch, increasing the pressure difference between the oil cavity at the K1 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K2 end of the clutch and between the oil cavity at the K3 end of the clutch and the oil cavity at the K4 end of the clutch, finally reaching a required pressure difference to completely close the second clutch and the third clutch, and then powering off the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the third proportional valve to finish the gear shifting process;

step S6: when backing a car, only a transmission needs to be shifted to a proper gear, and a motor rotates reversely.

If the invention discloses or relates to parts or structures which are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.

Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.