阅读说明：本技术 一种制动夹钳装置和盘式制动系统 (Brake clamping device and disc brake system ) 是由 黄照伟 肖广文 年立胜 房建英 幸继松 于 2020-03-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种制动夹钳装置,包括：两个夹钳臂,每个夹钳臂起到杠杆的作用,能够围绕枢轴转动；安装在每个所述夹钳臂一端上的闸片托,通过所述夹钳臂的枢转,能够在制动位置和松开位置之间运动；安装在每个闸片托上的闸片,用于通过摩擦进行制动；闸调器,安装在所述两个夹钳臂的另一端之间,用于调节两个夹钳臂之间的制动间距；其特征在于,所述制动夹钳装置还包括至少一个感应加热元件,其布置成使得所述制动夹钳装置的需要被加热的部件或部分处于所述感应加热元件能够产生的交变磁场中。本发明还涉及一种盘式制动系统。(The invention relates to a brake caliper device comprising: two clamp arms, each of which acts as a lever and can rotate around a pivot; a brake pad holder mounted on one end of each of said clamp arms, movable between a braking position and a release position by pivoting of said clamp arms; brake pads mounted on each brake pad holder for braking by friction; the brake adjuster is arranged between the other ends of the two clamping arms and is used for adjusting the braking distance between the two clamping arms; characterized in that the brake caliper device further comprises at least one induction heating element arranged such that a part or portion of the brake caliper device that needs to be heated is in an alternating magnetic field that can be generated by the induction heating element. The invention also relates to a disc brake system.)

1. A brake caliper assembly comprising:

two clamp arms, each of which acts as a lever and can rotate around a pivot;

a brake pad holder mounted on one end of each of said clamp arms, movable between a braking position and a release position by pivoting of said clamp arms;

brake pads mounted on each brake pad holder for braking by friction;

the brake adjuster is arranged between the other ends of the two clamping arms and is used for adjusting the braking distance between the two clamping arms;

characterized in that the brake caliper device further comprises at least one induction heating element arranged such that a part or portion of the brake caliper device that needs to be heated is in an alternating magnetic field that can be generated by the induction heating element.

2. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 1 wherein said induction heating element comprises an induction heating coil wound from electrically conductive wire.

3. The brake calliper apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein a first induction heating element is arranged between the brake pad holder and the brake pad.

4. A brake calliper according to claim 3, wherein the side of the pad facing the pad is provided with a recess in which the first induction heating element is arranged, preferably wherein the overall shape of the first induction heating element matches the shape of the recess.

5. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 4 wherein the height of said first induction heating element does not exceed the depth of said recess.

6. The brake calliper assembly of claim 3, wherein the pad holder is provided with a through hole through which a lead of the first induction heating element passes for connection to a power source.

7. The brake calliper assembly of claim 6, wherein the pad holder is provided with a bracket for supporting a lead wire passing through the through-hole.

8. The brake calliper assembly of claim 7, wherein the pad holder is mounted on the calliper arm by a boss and a bolt, the bracket being secured to the boss by the bolt.

9. A brake calliper assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second induction heating element is provided on or adjacent the brake adjuster, preferably the second induction heating element is wound around the brake adjuster.

10. A brake calliper according to any of claims 3 to 8, wherein a second induction heating element is provided on or adjacent the brake adjuster, preferably the second induction heating element is wound around the brake adjuster, the second induction heating element being in parallel or series with the first induction heating element.

11. A brake calliper according to any of claims 1-10, wherein at least one sensor is provided on the brake calliper, such as a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the surface of the brake calliper, said sensor communicating with the controller, and wherein the controller signals activation of the induction heating element when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the surface of the brake calliper is below a set temperature.

12. The brake caliper apparatus of claim 11 wherein power to the induction heating element is cut off when the induction heating element is energized for a predetermined time; alternatively, the sensor repeatedly performs measurements during heating of the induction heating element, and the power supply to the induction heating element is cut off when the measured actual temperature reaches a predetermined temperature.

13. A disc brake system for mounting on a bogie of a railway vehicle, comprising:

a unit brake cylinder for providing braking power;

brake discs mounted on the axle or the inner and outer sides of the wheels of the vehicle to rotate in synchronization with the axle and the wheels; and

a brake caliper device comprising brake pads for braking said brake disc,

characterized in that the disc brake system further comprises at least one induction heating element arranged such that a component or part of the disc brake system that needs to be heated is in an alternating magnetic field that can be generated by the induction heating element.

14. The disc brake system according to claim 13, characterized in that the brake caliper device is a brake caliper device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. The disc brake system of claim 13, wherein a third induction heating element is disposed on or near the brake disc.

16. The disc brake system of claim 14, wherein a third induction heating element is disposed on or near the brake disc, the third heating element being connected in parallel or in series with the induction heating element of the brake caliper arrangement.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a brake caliper device, and more particularly, to a brake caliper device having an induction heating function, and a disc brake system.

Background

Disc braking is a form of friction braking for vehicles, particularly for rail trains, and has evolved with high speed rail trains.

The disc brake system includes: unit brake cylinder, brake clamp device and brake disc. In the disc brake system, the brake disc is arranged on the axle of the wheel pair or on the inner side and the outer side of the wheel, the brake pads are pressed on the brake disc during braking, the kinetic energy of the train is converted into heat energy through the friction between the brake pads and the brake disc, and the disc brake device can efficiently brake without damaging the tread of the wheel pair. Disc brake devices are widely used in high-speed trains and motor train units.

However, in some cold regions, snow accumulated between the brake disc and the brake pad is melted by heat generated during braking, and when the vehicle stops operating and is parked, water between the brake disc and the brake pad is quickly frozen under a low-temperature environment, so that the brake disc and the brake pad are frozen, normal braking cannot be performed, and even the motor train unit cannot operate.

In the prior art, in order to solve the above problems, an electric heating element is installed on the brake caliper, see, for example, CN107776604A, and an electric heating element, such as an electric heating band, an electric heating wire, or a PTC heater, is installed between the brake pad holder and the brake pad, and heat is conducted from the inside of the brake caliper to the outer surface. Such conductive electrical heating elements have the following disadvantages: the heating element has small heating value and slow heating; furthermore, the ice and snow are usually located on the surfaces of the brake caliper and the brake disc, so that heat needs a certain time to be conducted from the inside to the outside of the brake pad holder; in addition, the gaps of the brake clamp device cause low heat conduction efficiency, so that the electric heating device is slow in heating speed and cannot solve the problems well in cold regions with low temperature. There is a need for a brake caliper device that can generate a large amount of heat in a short time, rapidly melt ice and snow on the surface of the brake caliper device, and meet the needs of cold regions.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and to provide a brake caliper device and a disc brake system having a heating element capable of generating a large amount of heat in a short time, thereby rapidly melting ice and snow on the surface of the brake caliper device to meet the demand in cold regions.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a brake caliper assembly and disc brake system that flexibly heats different components or areas to meet different heating requirements.

There is provided a brake caliper device comprising: two clamp arms, each of which acts as a lever and can rotate around a pivot; a brake pad holder mounted on one end of each of said clamp arms, movable between a braking position and a release position by pivoting of said clamp arms; brake pads mounted on each brake pad holder for braking by friction; the brake adjuster is arranged between the other ends of the two clamping arms and is used for adjusting the braking distance between the two clamping arms; characterized in that the brake caliper device further comprises at least one induction heating element arranged such that a part or portion of the brake caliper device that needs to be heated is in an alternating magnetic field that can be generated by the induction heating element. Thus, when the induction heating element is energized, it generates an alternating magnetic field that causes the surface of the conductive member or portion that is in the magnetic field to be inductively heated.

Preferably, the induction heating element comprises an induction heating coil wound from an electrically conductive wire.

Preferably, a first induction heating element is arranged between the brake pad holder and the brake pad, a groove is arranged on one side of the brake pad holder facing the brake pad, the first induction heating element is arranged in the groove, preferably, the overall shape of the first induction heating element is matched with the shape of the groove, and the height of the first induction heating element does not exceed the depth of the groove. This arrangement facilitates retrofitting of existing brake caliper assemblies with existing grooves without increasing machining costs and enables a compact construction to be achieved.

Preferably, the brake pad support is provided with a through hole, a lead of the first induction heating element penetrates through the through hole to be connected with a power supply, the brake pad support is provided with a support for supporting the lead penetrating through the through hole, the brake pad support is installed on the clamp arm through a boss and a bolt, and the support is fixed on the boss through the bolt. The wiring mode can protect the lead wire of the induction heating element from being interfered, and the lead wire is prevented from being extruded outside the brake pad holder and even being pinched off.

Preferably, a second induction heating element is disposed on or near the damper, and preferably, the second induction heating element is wound around the damper for heating the damper and its nearby components to defrost and de-ice.

Preferably, the second induction heating element is connected in parallel or in series with the first induction heating element. If the first induction heating element is connected in parallel with the second heating element, the heating of different parts or components of the brake caliper device can be controlled respectively; if the first induction heating element is connected in series with the second heating element, different parts or components of the clamp device can be heated simultaneously, and defrosting and deicing can be performed rapidly and comprehensively.

Preferably, at least one sensor is provided on the brake caliper, such as a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the surface of the brake caliper, the sensor being in communication with the controller, the controller sending a signal to activate the induction heating element when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the surface of the brake caliper is below a set temperature, and the power to the induction heating element being turned off when the induction heating element is energized for a predetermined time; alternatively, the sensor repeatedly performs measurements during heating of the induction heating element, and the power supply to the induction heating element is cut off when the measured actual temperature reaches a predetermined temperature. And the sensor is adopted to automatically control the induction heating element to heat.

The present invention also provides a disc brake system for mounting on a bogie of a railway vehicle, comprising: a unit brake cylinder for providing braking power; and a brake disk mounted on an axle or on the inner and outer sides of a wheel of the vehicle to rotate in synchronization with the axle and the wheel; and a brake calliper arrangement comprising brake pads for braking the brake disc, characterised in that the disc brake system further comprises at least one induction heating element arranged such that a part or portion of the disc brake system that needs to be heated is in an alternating magnetic field that can be generated by the induction heating element.

Preferably, said brake caliper of the disc brake system is a brake caliper according to the preamble. Alternatively or additionally, a third induction heating element is arranged on or near the brake disc.

Preferably, the third heating element is connected in parallel or in series with the induction heating element of the brake caliper device. Likewise, when induction heating elements for different components or parts are connected in parallel, heating of different parts or components of the disc brake system may be possible, respectively; when the induction heating elements are connected in series, different parts or components of the disc brake system can be simultaneously defrosted and de-iced quickly and comprehensively.

The brake caliper device and the disc brake system of the present invention have the following advantages: the induction heating element utilizes skin effect to generate heat on the outer surface of the brake clamp device, so that the surface of the brake clamp device is rapidly heated to high temperature to achieve the deicing effect. The heat generated by the induction heating element of the invention is rarely conducted to the interior of the brake caliper, so that most of the ice and snow on the surface is melted, and the induction heating element of the invention has higher energy efficiency because the heat is directly generated on the surface of the brake caliper and does not need to pass through the heat conduction path of the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a brake caliper assembly according to the present invention mounted on a truck of a train, wherein the brake caliper assembly is shown in two positions, a braking position and a release position;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the brake caliper assembly and mounting bracket according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 with the damper blade removed;

figure 4 shows a perspective view of an induction heating element; and

fig. 5 shows a schematic view of an induction heating element.

Description of the reference numerals

1-brake clamping device 2-brake disc

3-clamp arm 4-brake pad holder

5-brake pad 6-brake adjuster

7-axle 8-friction particle

9-mounting groove 10-brake pad clamp

11-groove 12-induction heating element

13-lead 14-through hole

15-induction coil 16-brake pad holder back

17-boss 18-bolt

19. 20-mounting bracket 100-bogie

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, a disc brake system is shown mounted on a truck 100 of a railway vehicle, the disc brake system including: unit brake cylinders (not shown) for generating braking power; a brake caliper 1 and a brake disc 2. The brake caliper apparatus 1 is mounted on a bogie 100 of a vehicle by mounting brackets 19, 20 (see fig. 2, 3). The brake discs 2 are mounted on the axle 7 or on the inside and outside of the wheels (not shown) to rotate in synchronism with the axle and the wheels, so that when the brake discs 2 are braked by the brake caliper device 1, the axle 7 and the wheels are braked accordingly.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the brake caliper device 1 comprises: two clamp arms 3, each acting as a lever, able to rotate around a pivot 21; a brake pad holder 4 mounted at one end of each of said clamp arms, said brake pad holder 4 being movable between a braking position and a release position by pivoting of said clamp arms; a brake pad 5 installed on each pad holder 4 for braking the brake disc 2 by friction; and a brake adjuster 6 installed between the other ends of the two caliper arms for adjusting a distance between the two brake arms, i.e., a braking distance. Fig. 1 shows the brake lining carrier 4 in two positions, namely a braking position and a release position, as a result of the pivoting of the clamping arm 3.

Figure 2 shows the brake calliper assembly 1 alone and the mounting brackets 19, 20 and figure 3 shows a view similar to figure 2 with the brake pads 5 removed to show the brake pad holder 4.

At the free end of each clamp arm 3, as shown in figures 2 and 3, a blade holder 5 may be mounted on the clamp arm 3 by means of a boss 17. In particular, the back of the pad holder 5 may be provided with a boss 17 with a slot into which the free end of the clamp arm 3 is inserted, the pad holder 5 being fixed to the end of the clamp arm 3 by means of a bolt 18.

As shown in fig. 2, the damper blade 5 includes a plurality of friction particles 8, and the friction particles 8 are, for example, hexagonal as shown in the drawing, made of a metal material, and have a large friction coefficient. As shown in fig. 3, the brake lining holder has a mounting groove 9, for example, dovetail-shaped in cross-section, for engagement with the brake lining 5, the cross-section of the brake lining 5 having a shape matching the cross-section of said mounting groove 9, so as to slide into said mounting groove 9 at one end of the mounting groove 9, engaging in said mounting groove 9 by form-fitting. The end of the brake pad holder 4 is provided with a brake pad holder 10 for fixing the brake pad when the brake pad 5 is inserted in place in the mounting groove 9. The jig 10 is a general jig and will not be described in detail. When the friction particles 8 of the brake pad 5 are worn to a certain extent and need to be replaced, the brake pad holder 10 is released, the brake pad 5 is slid along the mounting groove 9 away from the brake pad holder 4, the worn brake pad is replaced with a new brake pad, and the new brake pad is engaged into the mounting groove 9 and the brake pad holder 10 is fixed again.

Still referring to fig. 3, a recess 11 is provided in the mounting slot 9 of the prior art brake pad holder 4 for the purpose of weight and material savings, as well as to facilitate sliding movement of the brake pad 5 along the mounting slot 9 on the brake pad holder 4. According to the invention, an induction heating element 12, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, is arranged in this intrinsic recess 11 for the induction heating of the surface of the brake caliper 1.

As shown in fig. 4, the overall shape of the induction heating element 12 matches the shape of the recess 11 in the blade holder 4, and the induction heating element has a thickness not exceeding the depth of the recess 11 so as not to interfere with the sliding of the blade 5 in the mounting groove 9 of the blade holder 4. As shown in fig. 5, the induction heating element is an induction coil 15 wound from a conductive wire, and the induction coil may be formed in any other shape as desired, such as a circular shape or an irregular shape.

Induction heating or electromagnetic induction heating is one method of heating a conductive material such as a metallic material. It is mainly used for metal hot working, heat treatment and welding. The principle of induction heating is explained below. When an alternating current with a certain frequency passes through the induction coil, an alternating magnetic field with the same frequency as the current change is generated inside and outside the induction coil. The metal piece is placed in an alternating magnetic field of the induction coil, and under the action of the magnetic field, induced current with the same frequency and the opposite direction as the induction coil can be generated in the metal piece. The induced current creates a closed loop along the surface of the metal piece, commonly referred to as eddy currents. The eddy current changes the electric energy into heat energy to heat the surface of the metal piece rapidly. Eddy currents are mainly distributed on the outer surface of the metal part, and almost no current passes through the inside of the metal part, which is called surface effect or skin effect.

In the present invention, the brake pad holder and the caliper arm of the brake caliper are made of a metal material, the induction heating element 12 is disposed in the groove 11 of the brake pad holder 4 between the brake pad holder 4 and the brake pad 5, and when the induction heating element 12 is energized, eddy currents are generated at the outer surfaces of the metal brake pad holder and the brake pad due to the skin effect of the induction heating as described above, thereby rapidly heating the outer surfaces of the metal brake pad holder and the brake pad, and thus the outer surfaces of the brake caliper are rapidly heated to a high temperature, achieving an effect of removing ice and snow on the surface of the brake caliper.

The effect of induction heating is the same as flame quenching under the influence of an invisible magnetic field. For example, the relatively high frequencies generated by high frequency generators (above 200000 hz) generally produce intense, rapid and localized heat sources, equivalent to the action of a small, concentrated, high temperature gas flame. In contrast, medium frequency (1000 Hz and 10000 Hz) heating effects are relatively dispersive and slow, with deeper heat penetration, similar to a relatively large and open gas flame.

It is of course conceivable to arrange the induction heating element 12 according to the invention at other locations of the brake caliper device, provided that the conditions are fulfilled such that the component to be heated in the brake caliper device is located in the alternating magnetic field generated by the induction coil. For example, the induction heating element 12 is arranged on a back side 16 opposite to the side of the blade holder 4 provided with the recess 11. Or in the case of a brake lining 4 without a recess 11, the induction heating element 12 is arranged directly between the brake lining 5 and the brake lining 4. It is also contemplated that the shape of the induction heating element 12 may vary depending on the mounting location.

As described above, the conduction heating element used in the prior art generates heat inside the brake caliper and conducts the heat to the surface of the brake caliper from inside to outside, the heat conduction path is long, and the heat conduction efficiency is low due to the gap of the brake caliper structure itself, so that a large heating power and a long heating time are required to melt ice and snow on the surface of the brake caliper, and the energy efficiency is low. Compared with the conduction heating element in the prior art, the induction heating element adopted by the invention utilizes the skin effect to generate heat on the outer surface of the brake clamp device, so that the surface of the brake clamp device is rapidly heated to high temperature to achieve the deicing effect. The heat generated by the induction heating element of the invention is rarely conducted to the interior of the brake caliper, so that most of the ice and snow on the surface is melted, and the induction heating element of the invention has higher energy efficiency because the heat is directly generated on the surface of the brake caliper and does not need to pass through the heat conduction path of the prior art.

Referring to fig. 4, reference numeral 13 denotes a lead wire of the induction coil 15. Preferably, the lead 13 is led out through a through hole 14 in the recess 11 shown in fig. 3 and connected to an ac power source or a variable frequency power source. The lead 13 is drawn out through the through hole 14, and interference with other components can be prevented. Further preferably, it is conceivable to provide a bracket on the boss 17 of the blade holder 5 so that the lead wire 13 passes through a hole of the bracket for fixing the lead wire against random movement, causing safety accidents such as breakage of the lead wire. The bracket may be fixed to the boss 17, for example, by the bolt 18.

The above described embodiment has the induction heating element 12 arranged to heat the pad holder 4 and the pad 5 at one end of the caliper arm 3, it is also envisaged that the induction heating element may be arranged to heat other components of the brake calliper assembly 1, such as the brake modulator 6 at the other end of the caliper arm 3. Further, a separate further induction heating element may be provided, which is connected in parallel to the previously described induction heating element 12 for the brake lining carrier to a power supply. Likewise, the separate further induction heating element may be arranged on or near the damper 6, as long as the conditions are fulfilled that enable the damper 6 to be in the alternating magnetic field generated by the separate further induction heating element. Preferably, another induction heating element for the brake shoe is connected in series with the induction heating element 12 for the brake shoe, i.e. after the lead wire 13 of the induction heating element 12 for the brake shoe is extended from the through hole 14 of the brake shoe 4, the another induction heating coil is formed on or near the brake shoe 6 for heating the brake shoe 6, for example, the lead wire 13 may be further wound several turns around the brake shoe 6 to form another induction heating coil, and then the power is switched on. It is also conceivable to connect more induction heating coils in series or in parallel in the manner described above for heating different parts or locations of the brake caliper device. Alternatively or additionally, induction heating elements may be provided on or near the brake disc 2 in series or in parallel, all of which are included within the scope of the present invention.

Preferably, at least one sensor, for example a temperature sensor, is provided on the brake caliper for measuring the temperature of the brake caliper surface and communicates with a control unit of the vehicle. When the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the surface of the brake clamp device is lower than the set temperature, the controller sends a signal to start the induction heating element to heat and deice. When the induction heating element is energized for a predetermined time, the power of the induction heating element may be cut off. Alternatively, the sensor repeatedly performs measurements during heating of the induction heating element, and the power supply to the induction heating element is cut off when the measured actual temperature reaches a predetermined temperature.

The above is provided by way of a description of a preferred embodiment, it being obvious that variations may be made by those skilled in the art without thereby departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.