阅读说明：本技术 一种检出芥子气的荧光探针及其检测试纸及制法 (Fluorescent probe for detecting mustard gas, detection test paper and preparation method thereof ) 是由 宋钦华 薛敏杰 刘石磊 冯伟 邢中方 张巧利 于 2020-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种检出芥子气的荧光探针及其检测试纸及制法,特征是以N,N-二环丙撑氨基取代的香豆素为荧光发色团、以酚巯基为芥子气的反应位点,将氯取代香豆素化合物和硫氢化钠加入乙醇溶液中,于0～10℃搅拌至氯取代香豆素完全反应后,减压移除溶剂,经柱层析纯化得到探针化合物9-巯基-2,3,6,7-四氢-1H,5H,11H-吡喃并[2,3-f]吡啶并[3,2,1-ij]喹啉；将其与三辛胺、聚氧化乙烯溶解在乙醇制成溶液,用该溶液浸润滤纸,晾干并裁成条状即为检测芥子气的试纸。本发明的探针化合物合成简易,检测灵敏度高、检出限低、选择性高,所制备的试纸能够对气相中芥子气进行快速可视化监测,成本低、便携性好,具有很好的应用前景。(The invention discloses a fluorescent probe for detecting mustard gas and a detection test paper and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that N, N-dicyclopropylenylamino substituted coumarin is used as a fluorescent chromophore, phenolic sulfhydryl is used as a reaction site of the mustard gas, a chloro substituted coumarin compound and sodium hydrosulfide are added into an ethanol solution, the mixture is stirred at 0-10 ℃ until the chloro substituted coumarin completely reacts, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure, and the probe compound 9-sulfhydryl-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline is obtained through column chromatography purification; dissolving the test paper, trioctylamine and polyoxyethylene in ethanol to prepare a solution, soaking filter paper with the solution, airing and cutting the filter paper into strips to obtain the test paper for detecting mustard gas. The probe compound is easy to synthesize, high in detection sensitivity, low in detection limit and high in selectivity, the prepared test paper can be used for quickly and visually monitoring the mustard gas in the gas phase, and the probe compound is low in cost, good in portability and good in application prospect.)

1. A fluorescent probe compound Pr-Cou-SH for detecting mustard gas is characterized in that N, N-dicyclopropylenylamino substituted coumarin is used as a fluorophore, and phenolic sulfhydryl is used as a reaction site of the mustard gas, namely a compound 9-sulfhydryl-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline, and the chemical structural formula is as follows:

2. the method for synthesizing the fluorescent probe compound Pr-Cou-SH for detecting mustard gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: under the protection of nitrogen, adding a chlorine-substituted coumarin compound and sodium hydrosulfide into an ethanol solution according to a molar ratio of 1: 1-2, stirring at 0-10 ℃, tracking through thin-layer chromatography until the raw materials are completely consumed, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, and purifying a reaction crude product through column chromatography to obtain a probe compound 9-mercapto-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline; the synthetic route can be represented as:

3. a mustard gas test strip prepared from the fluorescent probe compound Pr-Cou-SH for detecting mustard gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: dissolving Pr-Cou-SH, trioctylamine and polyoxyethylene in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:5.2:1000 at 50 ℃ to prepare a solution, infiltrating qualitative filter paper with the solution, and airing and cutting the solution into strips, namely the test paper for detecting mustard gas.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mustard gas analysis and detection, and particularly relates to a synthetic method of a fluorescent probe compound for detecting mustard gas with high sensitivity based on coumarin dye and a preparation method of a mustard gas detection test paper.

Background

Mustard gas, also known as 2, 2' -dichloroethyl Sulfide (SM), is a slightly sweet, colorless, oily liquid, and industrial mustard gas is mostly yellow or dark brown with an offensive mustard flavor. During world war I, mustard gas was used as a chemical poison, causing a great deal of casualties, known as the "king of poison gas". Mustard gas is insoluble in water and easily soluble in fat, and can invade human body through skin and respiratory tract to cause red swelling, ulceration and necrosis of skin. In addition, mustard gas forms three-membered ring sulfonium ion intermediate in a polar system, and forms irreversible alkylation product with macromolecules such as DNA in organisms to induce cells to generate canceration. Compared with other chemical warfare agents, the mustard gas has the characteristics of easiness in preparation, various poison applying modes, strong killing power and the like, and is more likely to be utilized by terrorists. Therefore, the method has great significance in dealing with chemical terrorist attacks by conveniently, accurately and sensitively analyzing and monitoring the mustard gas on site.

The detection strategies of the mustard gas generally comprise a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, an ion mobility spectrometer, an electrochemical method and the like, and the methods generally have the defects of high cost, poor portability, complex operation and the like. In contrast, fluorescence detection methods based on organic chemical reactions have great advantages in terms of sensitivity, specificity, ease of operation, and the like, and attract a great deal of attention. The Fluorescent Probes for Mustard Gas currently reported are only performed in solution, and there are U.S. analytical chemistry (analytical. chem.2018,90,1417, v.kumar, h.rana, g.raviraju, a.k.gupta, Chemodosimeter for Selective and sensitive Chromogenic and Fluorescent Detection of Mustard gates for Real time analysis.), U.S. ACS sensors (sens.2019, 4,2794, w.meng, m.sun, q.xu, j.cen, y.cao, z.li, k.xiao, Development of a Series of Fluorescent Probes for Imaging dye of Mustard fuels, and drivers: chemicals (Sensors & actors: B.chemical,2019,296,126678, W.Meng, H.Zhang, L.Xiao, X.Chen, M.Sun, Q.xu, Y.Cao, K.Xiao, Z.Li, Visualization of Sulfur Mustard in Living cells and white analytes with a Selective and Sensitive Turn-on-fluorescent Probe.) reported the detection of Mustard gas in the liquid phase with a high limit of detection, 0.8. mu.M at the lowest, and a response time of 1 hour. No detection of mustard gas in the gas phase is reported. However, mustard gas is more harmful to the human body through the gas. Therefore, detection of mustard gas in the gas phase is more important. Published literature On Gas phase Detection of Mustard Gas is reported in chemical communications in the united kingdom (chem. Commun.2014,50,12363, D.R.Goud, A.K. Purohit, V.Tak, D.K. Dubey, P.Kumarb, D.Paradasni, A high selectivity and Sensitive "Turn-On" Fluorescence chemistry tester for the Detection of Mustard Gas), RSC evolution in the united kingdom (RSC adv.,2015,5,91946, V.Kumar, H.Rana, Selective and Sensitive mobility and Fluorescence Detection of Mustard Gas chromatography Detection of simple dye Organic, Gas chromatography and TLC (TLC) for Detection of Mustard Gas adsorption, TLC for Detection of Mustard Gas adsorption, TLC for example, simple TLC, TLC for Detection of Mustard Gas adsorption, TLC for Detection of simple TLC, TLC for Detection of Mustard Gas adsorption of Mustard Gas chromatography, TLC for Detection of simple TLC: the problems of difficult synthesis of probes, complicated operation steps, non-specificity, easy false positive and the like limit the application of the probes. Therefore, through simple synthesis, a fluorescent probe with good selectivity and high sensitivity is developed, can be simultaneously used for detecting mustard gas in liquid phase and gas phase, and has important application value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a fluorescent probe compound 9-sulfydryl-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline (hereinafter referred to as Pr-Cou-SH) for detecting mustard gas, detection test paper thereof and a preparation method thereof aiming at the problems in the existing technology for detecting the mustard gas.

The present invention uses mustard gas in solution testing and selects the less toxic 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), also known as "sulfur mustards", which is similar in chemical nature to mustard gas, but less toxic (LD), as a mustard gas analog in a gas phase detection experiment₅₀Values of 2.4mg/kg (SM) and 252mg/kg (CEES), respectively. In the gas phase detection experiment, the mustard gas refers to 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide which is similar to the mustard gas.

The invention discloses a fluorescent probe for detecting mustard gas, which is characterized in that N, N-dicyclopropylenylamino substituted coumarin is used as a fluorophore, and phenolic sulfhydryl is used as a reaction site of the mustard gas, and the fluorescent probe is a compound 9-sulfhydryl-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline (Pr-Cou-SH) with a chemical structural formula as follows:

the method for synthesizing the fluorescent probe compound Pr-Cou-SH for detecting mustard gas is characterized by adding a chlorine-substituted coumarin compound and sodium hydrosulfide into an ethanol solution according to a molar ratio of 1: 1-2 under the protection of nitrogen, stirring at 0-10 ℃, removing the solvent under reduced pressure after monitoring by thin-layer chromatography until no chlorine-substituted coumarin compound remains, and purifying a reaction crude product by column chromatography to obtain a probe compound 9-mercapto-2, 3, 6, 7-tetrahydro-1H, 5H, 11H-pyrano [2, 3-f ] pyrido [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinoline (Pr-Cou-SH); the synthetic route can be represented as:

a mustard gas detection test paper prepared from a fluorescent probe compound Pr-Cou-SH for detecting mustard gas is characterized in that: dissolving Pr-Cou-SH, trioctylamine and polyoxyethylene in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass ratio of 1:5.2:1000 at 50 ℃ to prepare a solution, soaking qualitative filter paper by using the solution, airing and cutting the solution into strips to obtain the test paper for detecting mustard gas.

The probe Pr-Cou-SH of the invention adopts sodium hydrosulfide and chloro-substituted coumarin to carry out one-step nucleophilic substitution reaction, adopts N, N-dicyclopropylenylamino-substituted coumarin as a fluorophore and adopts phenol mercapto as a reaction site, and has the advantages of simple synthesis method, mild reaction conditions and high yield.

On the basis of synthesizing the probe compound Pr-Cou-SH, a test solution is formed by adopting a mass ratio of the probe compound to triethylamine being 1:1.5 and absolute ethyl alcohol; further, preparing the mustard gas detection test paper by using polyethylene oxide as a load material, and carrying out a mustard gas phase detection test.

The probe compound Pr-Cou-SH has the characteristics of quick fluorescence response and sensitive detection of mustard gas. The test solution consisting of Pr-Cou-SH, triethylamine and absolute ethyl alcohol is colorless and transparent under the irradiation of a fluorescent lamp and has no fluorescence under the light of 365nm ultraviolet light; after mustard gas is added into the solution, the color of the solution gradually changes into yellow, the fluorescence color under ultraviolet light is green, the fluorescence response is given within 4 minutes at 60 ℃, the detection limit of the solution on the mustard gas is 16nM and is far lower than the detection limit (minimum 0.8 mu M) of the currently reported mustard gas fluorescence probe, therefore, Pr-Cou-SH can be used for detecting the mustard gas in a liquid phase; dissolving Pr-Cou-SH, trioctylamine and polyethylene oxide in absolute ethanol solution at 50 ℃ and continuously stirring to prepare solution, infiltrating qualitative filter paper with the solution, and airing to prepare the test paper for detecting mustard gas. In the atmosphere of mustard gas, the test paper is changed from colorless to yellow quickly, the fluorescence is changed from dark blue to bright cyan under 365nm ultraviolet light, the change can be observed obviously within 3 minutes, and the time is faster than 5 minutes and 7 minutes of the two reported cases of gas phase detection of the mustard gas; the probe compound Pr-Cou-SH and the test paper thereof have the responses only to the mustard gas, but have no responses to other similar detectors including phosphate, alkyl halide and gas thereof, which indicates that the Pr-Cou-SH and the test paper thereof have good selectivity to the mustard gas. The detection limit of the test paper to naked eyes of mustard gas is lower than 2.5ppm (12.5 mg/m)³)。

In conclusion, the probe compound Pr-Cou-SH has the characteristic of rapid fluorescence response to mustard gas, so that the mustard gas is detected by using a fluorescence mode, and the probe compound is simple and easy to synthesize, high in sensitivity, low in detection limit and high in selectivity; the film test paper prepared by dissolving Pr-Cou-SH, trioctylamine and polyethylene oxide in absolute ethyl alcohol can be used for rapidly and visually monitoring mustard gas in a gas phase, and has the advantages of low cost, good portability, high sensitivity, good selectivity and good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a UV/VIS absorption spectrum of a solution of Pr-Cou-SH (10. mu.M) and triethylamine (40. mu.M) of the present invention in absolute ethanol after reaction at 60 ℃ for 4 minutes without and with addition of mustard gas (100. mu.M).

FIG. 2 is a fluorescence spectrum (excitation wavelength 390nm) of an absolute ethanol solution of Pr-Cou-SH (10. mu.M) and triethylamine (40. mu.M) of the present invention after reaction at 60 ℃ for 4 minutes without and with addition of mustard gas (100. mu.M).

FIG. 3 is a fluorescence titration curve at a wavelength of 505nm of an absolute ethanol solution of Pr-Cou-SH (10 μ M) and triethylamine (40 μ M) of the present invention added with mustard gas (0-110 μ M), with the inset being a linear fit of the fluorescence intensity to the concentration of mustard gas (0-60 μ M) (excitation wavelength of 390 nm).

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of fluorescence emission peak intensity with time (excitation wavelength 390nm) at a wavelength of 505nm when mustard gas (100. mu.M) was added under the condition of an absolute ethanol solution of Pr-Cou-SH (10. mu.M) and triethylamine (40. mu.M) according to the present invention at room temperature.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change of fluorescence emission peak intensity at a wavelength of 505nm (excitation wavelength of 390nm) with time at 60 ℃ when mustard gas (100. mu.M) is added to an absolute ethanol solution of Pr-Cou-SH (10. mu.M) and triethylamine (40. mu.M) according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the color change of a film strip exposed to mustard gas (0 to 30ppm) at different concentrations under irradiation of a fluorescent lamp (upper strip in the figure) and an ultraviolet lamp (365nm) (lower strip in the figure).

FIG. 7 is a photograph of a color change of a film strip exposed to different gases (30ppm) under a fluorescent lamp (upper strip in the figure) and an ultraviolet lamp (365nm) (lower strip in the figure) (1, blank; 2, 2-chloroethylethyl sulfide; 3, benzyl bromide; 4, methyl iodide; 5, diethyl chlorophosphate; 6, acetyl chloride; 7, phosphorus oxychloride; 8, diethyl cyanophosphate; 9, 1, 2-dibromoethane; 10, 2-ethoxychloroethane; 11, dichloroethyl ether; 12, thioacetic acid).

Detailed Description

The following will explain in detail the method for synthesizing the fluorescent probe compound for detecting mustard gas and the method for preparing the test paper according to the present invention by using specific examples.