阅读说明：本技术 便携式悬磁洗涤机的无刷马达控制器技术领域 (Brushless motor controller technical field of portable suspension magnetic washing machine ) 是由 梁玉泉 于 2019-04-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：关于便携式悬磁洗涤机的无刷马达控制器控制方法和设计,其特征是：用无刷马达控制器控制,多种保护功能,有软启动和刹车功能,所有的开关都是用触感或者遥控方式控制,防止控制器操作过程中触电,调节速度适合不同负载,调节不同的定时关机,调节到每一个速度都是有限速功能,调节完成后都有自动保存,洗衣物方式,每一个速度都有恒转速控制,控制器制造工艺成本低,高低压输入,小功率马达也可以使用,电路板采用三防胶制造工艺,防止出现洗衣物时机械入水出现漏电的危险,并且可以智能过温的限速保护。(The control method and design of the brushless motor controller for portable suspended magnetic washer features that: the controller is controlled by a brushless motor controller, multiple protection functions are achieved, the soft start function and the brake function are achieved, all switches are controlled in a touch or remote control mode, electric shock in the operation process of the controller is prevented, the speed is adjusted to be suitable for different loads, different timing shutdown is adjusted, the speed limiting function is achieved when each speed is adjusted, automatic storage is achieved after adjustment is completed, a clothes washing mode is achieved, each speed is controlled at a constant rotating speed, the controller is low in manufacturing process cost, high-voltage and low-voltage input is achieved, a low-power motor can also be used, a circuit board is manufactured by a three-proofing adhesive manufacturing process, the danger of electric leakage when a machine enters water when clothes are washed is prevented, and intelligent over-temperature speed limiting protection can be achieved.)

1. The controller for the portable suspension magnetic washing machine is characterized in that: the controller is controlled by a brushless motor controller, multiple protection functions are achieved, the soft start function and the brake function are achieved, all switches are controlled in a touch or remote control mode, electric shock in the operation process of the controller is prevented, the speed is adjusted to be suitable for different loads, different timing shutdown is adjusted, the speed limiting function is achieved when each speed is adjusted, automatic storage is achieved after adjustment is completed, a clothes washing mode is achieved, each speed is controlled at a constant rotating speed, the controller is low in manufacturing process cost, high-voltage and low-voltage input is achieved, a low-power motor can also be used, a circuit board is manufactured by a three-proofing adhesive manufacturing process, the danger of electric leakage when a machine enters water when clothes are washed is prevented, and intelligent over-temperature speed limiting protection can be achieved.

2. The control motor of claim 1, wherein: the brushless motor controller is used for controlling the motor, the Hall signal is positioned, the starting is fast, the starting torque is large, when the Hall signal is not available, the Hall signal is all high, when a user starts, and when the Hall signal is not available, the alarm can be given; in the aspect of designing a driving motor, the driving motor is controlled by a single chip microcomputer, when a Hall signal exists, the single chip microcomputer knows the rotation angle position of the motor, when a user inputs a starting parameter, the single chip microcomputer starts up to operate, and can also store the last parameter according to the parameter input by the user, the stored parameter can operate according to stored data under the condition that the next user does not adjust the parameter, when the user adjusts different time, different rotating speeds are adjusted and are displayed on a display screen, and in the aspect of designing the MOSFET, the MOSFET with low internal resistance is used, and in the operation process, the MOSFET generates low heat, so that the heat dissipation of a circuit board is facilitated.

3. The manufacturing process of claim 1 is low cost, and is characterized in that: in the manufacturing process, the MOSFET tubes are placed on the same plane, all the patches are placed on one plane, a plurality of through holes are formed in the welding tubes of the MOSFET tubes, heat is transferred to the copper layer at the bottom, the heat dissipation area can be enlarged, the radiating fins of the patches are used on the upper layer, if two surfaces of the MOSFET tubes are subjected to twice reflow soldering, only one surface of the MOSFET tubes is subjected to once reflow soldering, and therefore the cost is low.

4. The plurality of protection functions of claim 1, wherein: overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, circuit board overtemperature protection and motor overtemperature protection.

5. The two over-temperature rate-of-decrease protections of claim 4, wherein: two temperature sensors, one is MOSFET tube, the other is motor, the temperature of MOSFET tube on the circuit board is measured by transmitting to the single chip microcomputer, if the temperature is high, the single chip microcomputer controls, the motor reduces the set speed, if the temperature is high, the set speed is reduced again, the motor runs according to the speed until the temperature is normal, in the other situation, the temperature is kept high, the motor directly stops, if the temperature is low, the motor can accelerate again until the speed reaches the set parameter, in the other situation, if the temperature is not changed all the time, and under the condition of no load, an abnormal alarm is generated, and then the machine is directly stopped.

6. The method for adjusting the speed to adapt to different loads and different timing shutdowns according to claim 1, wherein the speed adjustment function is realized for each speed, and each speed has constant rotating speed control, and the method is characterized in that: can be set from 0% to 100%, when the user uses buckets with different sizes, the user adjusts different rotating speeds, is suitable for buckets with different sizes and different loads, and water in the buckets cannot fly out.

7. All switches according to claim 1 are controlled by touch or remote control, and the circuit board is made of three-proof adhesive, characterized in that: prevent that the machinery from going into water when the laundry appears, the danger of electric leakage appears in machinery, and the controller can be dampproofing, and is anti-pollution, prevents static, and the sense of touch switch has 5, first: the switch and the switch are used together, the second is a water level switch for adjusting the water level, the third is a timing switch, the 4 th is a speed-adjusting plus switch, the 5 th is a speed-adjusting minus switch, a water pressure sensor transmits to a singlechip, the singlechip sends out a signal for low water level protection, and an alarm is sent out.

8. A high and low pressure input as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solar energy battery charger can be powered by a low-voltage battery or a solar charging mode for carrying convenience, when sunlight exists, the battery is automatically charged, and an external battery power supply interface is set; when the mains supply is input, the intelligent conversion can be realized, the rectification, the filtering and the voltage reduction of the mains supply are realized, and the low-voltage direct current is converted into the low-voltage direct current and then supplies power to the brushless motor controller.

9. The low power motor of claim 1, wherein: in order to use the brushless motor with small power and small volume, the brushless motor is stopped for a period of time every time the brushless motor works for a period of time, the brushless motor has time to dissipate heat, and a highest speed limit is added to ensure that the brushless motor with small power can run under normal power.

10. The laundry mode according to claim 1, wherein: the buzzer is stopped after the buzzer stops, and the buzzer sounds for several seconds after the buzzer stops.

11. The soft start and brake functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein: if the motor has no soft start function when starting, more than three times of current can pass through the motor when starting, the motor is damaged due to the excessive impact on the motor and the possibility of demagnetization of the permanent magnet, and the washed clothes are also greatly damaged, starting the motor at a rotation speed of about 20% when the motor starts to rotate forwards for 0 second to several seconds, and reaching 100% of the set rotation speed after several seconds, when stopping for the last few seconds, the speed is slowly reduced, the speed is stopped when reaching the last 100 percent, the speed is stopped for a few seconds in the middle, and the speed is stopped when the motor rotates reversely for a few seconds, starting is set to about 20% of the rotation speed when starting is started for 0 second to several seconds, and the rotation reaches 100% of the set rotation speed after several seconds, at the last few seconds of stopping, slow deceleration begins slowly, stopping at the last 100%, and the soft start and brake functions are cycled through the laundry process.

Technical Field

The control method and design of the brushless motor controller for portable suspended magnetic washer features that: the controller is controlled by a brushless motor controller, multiple protection functions are achieved, the soft start function and the brake function are achieved, all switches are controlled in a touch or remote control mode, electric shock in the operation process of the controller is prevented, the speed is adjusted to be suitable for different loads, different timing shutdown is adjusted, the speed limiting function is achieved when each speed is adjusted, automatic storage is achieved after adjustment is completed, a clothes washing mode is achieved, each speed is controlled at a constant rotating speed, the controller is low in manufacturing process cost, high-voltage and low-voltage input is achieved, a low-power motor can also be used, a circuit board is manufactured by a three-proofing adhesive manufacturing process, the danger of electric leakage when a machine enters water when clothes are washed is prevented, and intelligent over-temperature speed limiting protection can be achieved.

Background

Traditional washing machine carries inconveniently, and is bulky, and washing machine's motor is bulky, and moment is little, and power is little, starts slowly, can not use the battery power supply, and solar charging mode supplies power, and traditional motor is generated heat also greatly.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the power of the portable suspension magnetic washing machine uses a brushless motor controller to control a motor, the portable suspension magnetic washing machine is matched with the washing machine, has the functions of the washing machine and the advantages of the brushless motor controller, has multiple protection functions, has soft start and brake functions, is controlled by an induction or remote control mode, and can prevent moisture, pollution and static electricity by adopting a three-prevention glue manufacturing process for a circuit board. The speed of regulation is suitable different loads, adjust the timing shutdown of different times, it is all the speed-limiting to adjust to each speed, each speed all has constant rotational speed control, the fin that has two kinds of designs on the controller, one kind is surface paster fin, another kind is equipped with a lot of through-holes below the pad of MOSFET pipe, do benefit to the copper platinum of heat conduction circuit board bottom, reuse circuit board bottom copper platinum heat dissipation, if the heat is big, on bottom copper platinum again the fin, the heat dissipation of one deck copper sheet has been designed more like this, and the speed limit protection that can intelligent overtemperature, two temperature sensor: one MOSFET tube and one motor. The temperature of the MOSFET tube on the circuit board is measured by transmitting the temperature to the singlechip, and if the temperature is high, the singlechip controls the motor to reduce the set speed; if the temperature is higher, the set speed is reduced again until the temperature is normal, and the operation is carried out according to the speed; in the other case, the temperature is always high, and the process is directly stopped; if the temperature is low, the speed can be accelerated, and if the temperature is low, the speed is accelerated again until the speed reaches the set parameters; there is also a case where if the temperature has not changed all the time, in the case of no load, an abnormal alarm occurs, and then the machine is directly stopped.

Drawings

Fig. 1 a brushless motor controller.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1, 6 MOSFET tubes, 2 heat sink, 3 temperature sensor NTC, 4 power supply portion, 5 display chip, 6 display screen, 7 single chip, 8 touch switch. The bottom surface of the circuit board can be provided with a radiating fin, and the first method is designed by two methods, namely the radiating fin of a patch is used, solder paste is directly placed without installation, and reflow soldering is carried out; the second method is as follows: and a plurality of small holes are punched on the bonding pad of the MOSFET, so that the heat generated by the MOSFET is transferred to the radiating fin of the circuit board, and the copper sheet below can also dissipate the heat.

The brushless motor controller is used for controlling the motor, in order to enable the portable suspended magnetic washing machine to work under different conditions and work normally when no power supply exists outside, the input power supply is set to work by using direct currents of 12V to 36V, and the portable suspended magnetic washing machine can run by using a common battery for power supply; when a user starts to use the water bucket, the parameters of the controller are adjusted, different water buckets or different clothes are placed, and the program of the single chip microcomputer is that each speed is adjusted to be limited, each speed is controlled by a constant rotating speed, the user can set the speed to be 0-100%, the water bucket is suitable for water buckets with different sizes and different loads, and water in the water bucket cannot fly out.

The motor has the advantages that the soft start and the brake function are realized by adjusting each speed, if the soft start function is not realized when the motor is started, more than three times of current passes through the motor when the motor is started, the impact on the motor is overlarge, the permanent magnet is also possible to demagnetize, the motor can be damaged, meanwhile, the washed clothes can be greatly damaged, the motor rotates forwards for 10 seconds, stops for 1 second, rotates backwards for 10 seconds, the program is repeated all the time to wash the clothes, and under the condition, the motor and the controller can be greatly damaged when the motor rotates forwards and backwards and stops. To solve this problem, with soft start and brake control functions: starting from 20% of the set rotating speed when the motor is started to rotate forwards for 0 to 3 seconds, starting from 20% of the set rotating speed until 3 seconds, starting to slow down slowly when the motor is stopped for the last 2 seconds, stopping for 1 second in the middle until the motor rotates backwards for 10 seconds, starting from 20% of the set rotating speed when the motor is started to rotate backwards for 0 to 3 seconds, starting from 3 seconds until the set rotating speed reaches 100% of the set rotating speed, starting to slow down slowly when the motor is stopped for the last 2 seconds, stopping until the last 100%, stopping for 1 second in the middle, and repeating until the laundry is finished.

Software design requirements: the controller has 5 touch switches: 1. the switch key is pressed: and opening, pressing again: closing; 2. is a water level switch for adjusting the height of the water level; 3. timing time, namely 3 time zones, namely 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes, wherein the factory leaving time is set to be 30 minutes, the time is pressed again, and the timing time is set to be 45 minutes; 4, a speed regulation plus key is started from 0, 1 percent is added when each time of pressing is finished, the pressing is not finished, data is continuously added until the rotating speed is 100 percent, and the data cannot be added until the rotating speed is 100 percent; 5. the speed regulating and reducing key is used for continuously reducing data from 100% of rotating speed when the key is not pressed, wherein the rotating speed is reduced to 0 when the key is reduced by 1% every time, and the rotating speed is not reduced when the key is reduced to 0. The buzzer sounds for 0.1 second every time any switch is pressed.

The motor operation requirement is as follows: 1. after power-on, the switch of the controller is opened, and the requirements are as follows: forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, the middle is stopped for 1 second, and reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds; until the end of the timing time. 1. When the timing time is set to 30 minutes: forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, middle stop is carried out for 1 second, reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, repeating is carried out again, forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, middle stop is carried out for 1 second, reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, the stop is carried out until the timing time reaches 30 minutes, and a buzzer rings for 3 seconds after the stop; 2. when the timing time is set to 45 minutes: forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, middle stop is carried out for 1 second, reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, repeating is carried out again, forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, middle stop is carried out for 1 second, reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, the stop is carried out until the timing time reaches 45 minutes, and a buzzer rings for 3 seconds after the stop; 3. when the timing time is set to 60 minutes: the process is repeated again, wherein the forward rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, the middle is stopped for 1 second, the reverse rotation is carried out for 10 seconds, the process is stopped until the timing time reaches 60 minutes, and the buzzer rings for 3 seconds after the stop.

The set parameters can automatically store the last parameters during operation, the data of the current set time and the percentage of the rotating speed are automatically stored after the parameters are set for 3 seconds, and 1, if the timing time is 45 minutes, the set rotating speed is 50 percent, the data are stored after 3 seconds, the next time the operation is started, the timing time is 45 minutes, and the set rotating speed is 50 percent, and the operation is not changed.

Displaying the content: and starting to electrify, displaying the last set timing time, and displaying the last set rotating speed percent.

The controller is required to be moisture-proof, pollution-proof and antistatic. The power supply can be started by a low-voltage power supply, and the setting method is to combine the switching power supply and the motor controller together to achieve the intelligent conversion effect. When the household electric heating device is used at home, the household electric heating device can be used by plugging commercial power; if outside, the controller can also be powered by a battery; yet another way is to use solar power for the motor controller. Thus, the portable suspension magnetic washing machine can be used in a plurality of situations.

In order to use the brushless motor with small power and volume on the portable suspended magnetic washing machine, the brushless motor is stopped for a period of time every time the brushless motor works for a period of time, the motor is allowed to have time to dissipate heat, and the maximum rotating speed is limited to control the motor to be capable of running under normal power.

The rotating speed is constant, and water in buckets with different sizes cannot fly out. It is possible to rotate the laundry with a heavy load even at a low rotation speed. The controller controls the motor to run at a constant rotating speed, because the clothes load of the water barrel is changed in each positive rotation and negative rotation process, when clothes are washed in the changed clothes load, if the motor torque is small, the motor can not be started. If the load of the laundry is small and the rotation speed of the motor is high, the water in the water tub flies out. Constant speed control means that the speed is substantially constant regardless of load variations. The load is small, and the controller controls the motor to have small moment; when the load is heavy, the controller controls the motor to have large torque. Thereby achieving the effect of intelligent adjustment.