阅读说明：本技术 一种电缆导体用铝合金材料及其制备方法 (Aluminum alloy material for cable conductor and preparation method thereof ) 是由 赵建军 童茜 邵立忠 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电缆导体用铝合金材料,包括下述质量百分比的化学成分：Fe：0.5-1％,Si：0.3-0.45％,Cu：0.15-0.25％,B：0.03-0.08％,Zr：0.05-0.1％、Ti：0.01-0.03％,La：0.03-0.05％、Sc：0.01-0.03％,Nb：0.01-0.03％,Cr+Mn+V≤0.04％,余量为Al。本发明还公开了电缆导体用铝合金材料的制备方法,包括：配料、熔炼、浇注、热挤压、冷拉拔和分级均匀化退火。本发明的电缆导体用铝合金材料具有电导率高、机械性能优良的特点,施工安全系数高、使用寿命长。(The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: fe: 0.5-1%, Si: 0.3-0.45%, Cu: 0.15-0.25%, B: 0.03 to 0.08%, Zr: 0.05-0.1%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, La: 0.03-0.05%, Sc: 0.01-0.03%, Nb: 0.01-0.03%, Cr + Mn + V less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of Al. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor, which comprises the following steps: proportioning, smelting, pouring, hot extrusion, cold drawing and graded homogenizing annealing. The aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor has the characteristics of high conductivity, excellent mechanical property, high construction safety factor and long service life.)

1. The aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:

fe: 0.5-1%, Si: 0.3-0.45%, Cu: 0.15-0.25%, B: 0.03 to 0.08%, Zr: 0.05-0.1%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, La: 0.03-0.05%, Sc: 0.01-0.03%, Nb: 0.01-0.03%, Cr + Mn + V less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of Al.

2. The aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:

fe: 0.85%, Si: 0.35%, Cu: 0.22%, B: 0.05%, Zr: 0.07%, Ti: 0.02%, La: 0.04%, Sc: 0.02%, Nb: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of Cr + Mn + V and the balance of Al.

3. A method for producing the aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:

s1, mixing and smelting according to chemical components to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;

s2, pouring the aluminum alloy melt into a mold to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;

s3, carrying out hot extrusion on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in an extruder to obtain a bar, and then carrying out cold drawing on the bar to obtain an aluminum alloy blank;

s4, carrying out graded homogenization annealing on the aluminum alloy blank, and then carrying out water cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor.

4. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to claim 3, wherein the step S4, the step S of the step-by-step homogenizing annealing, comprises the following steps: annealing at 220-240 deg.C for 20-40min, and then raising to 260-280 deg.C for 60-80 min.

5. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in the step S3, the extrusion temperature of hot extrusion is 425-435 ℃, and the extrusion coefficient is 16-18.

6. The method for producing an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein in the step S3, the amount of cold-drawn strain is 12 to 15%.

7. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the melting temperature in step S1 is 760-780 ℃.

8. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the casting temperature in step S2 is 715-725 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cable alloy materials, in particular to an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The aluminum alloy has the characteristics of small density, good conductivity and high mechanical property, and compared with the traditional copper conductor for the cable, the aluminum conductor produced by taking the aluminum alloy as a raw material has small density, is convenient to construct and erect, has rich raw material resources, and is more and more widely applied to the field of the power industry. With the advanced development of the cable market and the technical progress, the aluminum conductor is required to have good conductivity, and higher requirements are provided for the mechanical load capacity of the aluminum conductor to the external environment, the use safety and the service life. Therefore, the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor has high conductivity and also needs to improve mechanical performance indexes such as tensile strength and elongation at break.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor and a preparation method thereof.

The invention provides an aluminum alloy material for a cable conductor, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:

fe: 0.5-1%, Si: 0.3-0.45%, Cu: 0.15-0.25%, B: 0.03 to 0.08%, Zr: 0.05-0.1%, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, La: 0.03-0.05%, Sc: 0.01-0.03%, Nb: 0.01-0.03%, Cr + Mn + V less than or equal to 0.04%, and the balance of Al.

Preferably, the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:

fe: 0.85%, Si: 0.35%, Cu: 0.22%, B: 0.05%, Zr: 0.07%, Ti: 0.02%, La: 0.04%, Sc: 0.02%, Nb: 0.02 percent, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of Cr + Mn + V and the balance of Al.

The preparation method of the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor comprises the following steps:

s1, mixing and smelting according to chemical components to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;

s2, pouring the aluminum alloy melt into a mold to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot;

s3, carrying out hot extrusion on the aluminum alloy cast ingot in an extruder to obtain a bar, and then carrying out cold drawing on the bar to obtain an aluminum alloy blank;

s4, carrying out graded homogenization annealing on the aluminum alloy blank, and then carrying out water cooling to obtain the aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor.

Preferably, in step S4, the step of graded homogenization annealing includes: annealing at 220-240 deg.C for 20-40min, and then raising to 260-280 deg.C for 60-80 min.

Preferably, in the step S3, the extrusion temperature of the hot extrusion is 425-435 ℃, and the extrusion coefficient is 16-18.

Preferably, in the step S3, the cold drawing deformation amount is 12 to 15%.

Preferably, in the step S1, the melting temperature is 760-780 ℃.

Preferably, in the step S2, the casting temperature is 715-725 ℃.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, a large amount of uniform and dispersed AlTiZr, AlZr and AlSiTiZr multi-element precipitated phases can be formed through the addition of a proper amount of Zr and Ti and the auxiliary action of a proper amount of Sc, the mechanical properties of the material are greatly improved through the fine-grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening effects, and meanwhile, the material can keep higher conductivity because the influence of the precipitated phase on the conductivity of the material is not large; b and rare earth elements La, Sc and Nb can form intermetallic compound precipitated phases with impurity elements in aluminum, and the effects of purifying impurities, reducing solid solution and improving conductivity are achieved; the rare earth elements La, Sc and Nb are compounded, so that the effect of refining crystal grains can be better achieved, and the mechanical property and the electrical conductivity of the material can be improved.

In the preparation process of the aluminum alloy material, the combination of hot extrusion and cold drawing under proper conditions can crush coarse grains formed by hot extrusion to generate a new fine grain structure, so that the mechanical property of the material is improved; and then, the material after cold drawing is subjected to graded homogenization annealing, and the temperature and time of the graded annealing are adjusted, so that the problems that the internal stress is eliminated by full annealing, the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the reduction of the conductivity caused by the lattice distortion due to the solid solution caused by overhigh annealing temperature is avoided, and the high conductivity of the material can be maintained.

By optimizing the chemical components and the preparation process, the prepared aluminum alloy material for the cable conductor has the characteristics of high conductivity and excellent mechanical property, thereby being beneficial to improving the construction safety coefficient of the cable and prolonging the service life of the cable.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.