阅读说明：本技术 一种铝铜合金材料及其铸造、热处理工艺 (Aluminum-copper alloy material and casting and heat treatment process thereof ) 是由 王罗海 王兆祎 张春雨 储开峰 汪全军 姚鑫 杨新禹 李忠芳 张信群 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝铜合金材料,包括以下重量份原料：纯铝75～88份,铝铜合金6～12份,铝镁合金2～7份,铝钛合金4～8份、均质剂1～5份、活性剂1～2份；其中纯铝的含铝量≥99％、铝铜合金的含铜量40～60％、铝镁合金的含镁量5～10％、铝钛合金的含钛量5～10％。本发明由于铜在铝中有较大的固溶度,且随温度改变而变化,通过固溶强化和时效强化提高机械强度,同时获得抗拉强度为σ<Sub>b</Sub>385Mpa,伸长率为8％的良好的性能,因此使本发明的铝铜合金材料同时具有较高的强度、优异的塑性、良好的流动性,铸造后不易出现砂眼、气孔、缩松等缺陷。(The invention discloses an aluminum-copper alloy material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-88 parts of pure aluminum, 6-12 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 2-7 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 4-8 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 1-5 parts of a homogenizing agent and 1-2 parts of an active agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99%, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 40-60%, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 5-10%, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 5-10%. The invention improves the mechanical strength by solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening and simultaneously obtains the tensile strength of sigma b 385Mpa, and the elongation is 8 percent, so that the aluminum-copper alloy material has higher strength and excellent plasticityThe casting powder has good performance and fluidity, and is not easy to have the defects of sand holes, air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like after casting.)

1. The aluminum-copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

75-88 parts of pure aluminum, 6-12 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 2-7 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 4-8 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 1-5 parts of a homogenizing agent and 1-2 parts of an active agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99%, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 40-60%, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 5-10%, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 5-10%.

2. The aluminum-copper alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the aluminum-copper alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

77-83 parts of pure aluminum, 8-10 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 3-5 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 5-6 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 2-4 parts of a homogenizing agent and 1.4-1.8 parts of an active agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99%, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 45-55%, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 7-8%, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 6-8%.

3. The aluminum-copper alloy material as recited in claim 2, wherein the aluminum-copper alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

82 parts of pure aluminum, 9 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 4.5 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 6 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 3 parts of homogenizing agent and 1.5 parts of activating agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99 percent, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 45 percent, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 7.5 percent, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 7.5 percent.

4. The aluminum-copper alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the homogenizing agent is prepared by the following steps: 50-60 parts of Si, 10-20 parts of Mn and 5-15 parts of Cr are mixed and smelted at the smelting temperature of 500-1000 ℃, and finally light rare earth elements accounting for 5-10% of the total amount of Si powder are added, stirred until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, cast and molded, and pressed into particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm.

5. The aluminum-copper alloy material according to claim 4, wherein the light rare earth element is a composition of scandium Sc, yttrium Y and one or more of lanthanum La, cerium Ce, praseodymium Pr, neodymium Nd, promethium Pm, samarium Sm, europium Eu.

6. The aluminum-copper alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the activator is prepared by the following steps: adding the porous graphene into a phosphoric acid solution to react for 15-25min, washing with deionized water for 3-4 times, and then adding 50-60% of dilute sulfuric acid to treat for 20-30 min.

7. A casting process of an aluminum-copper alloy material according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. putting pure aluminum and aluminum-titanium alloy into a graphite crucible resistance furnace at room temperature according to the proportion for smelting, adding aluminum-copper alloy for continuous smelting when the temperature is raised to 720 ℃, and then adding a homogenizing agent and an activating agent;

b. when the smelting temperature in the graphite crucible resistance furnace is increased to 720-740 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 2-2.5% of the total amount of the solution in the furnace for degassing and deslagging for 6-10 min;

c. adding covering agent consisting of 60% of carnallite and 40% of calcium fluoride accounting for 3-5% of the total amount of the solution in the furnace, adding aluminum-magnesium alloy in proportion, stirring the solution in the furnace uniformly after 4-6 min, pouring the solution into a pre-manufactured sand mold, cooling, shakeout and cleaning to obtain a casting for later use.

8. A process for heat treating an aluminum-copper alloy material according to claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

a. cutting the casting into strip blocks;

b. and (3) putting the strip-shaped block casting into a resistance furnace with the temperature of 520-530 ℃ for heating for 8 hours, then performing water quenching at room temperature, cooling, then putting into the resistance furnace for heating to 300-370 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-8 hours, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-copper alloy material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to an aluminum-copper alloy material and a casting and heat treatment process thereof.

Background

At present, the material of a vacuum forming die main body is mostly ZL401 alloy material, ZL401 belongs to Al-Zn alloy, the density is high, the corrosion resistance is poor, the castability is poor due to the fact that the content of zinc in the alloy is high, the hot cracking tendency is high, and the fluidity is poor, therefore, sand holes, air holes and shrinkage porosity defects can occur in the material in the casting and using processes, the defects can be found only after processing, the processing cost and the manufacturing period are greatly influenced, the material characteristics of ZL401 are combined, the components of the material are analyzed, the material of the aluminum-copper alloy is developed by changing the components of the material, and the structure change of the material is carried out through heat treatment, so that the defects are eliminated, the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the surface roughness of the material is improved.

Because copper has higher solid solubility in aluminum and changes along with temperature change, the content of zinc in the aluminum-copper alloy material is reduced, the content of copper is increased, and the mechanical strength is improved through solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening; the addition of magnesium into the aluminum-copper alloy material can improve the machinability, and the addition of copper and magnesium into aluminum can form a strengthening phase which can play a strengthening role during aging; in addition, the addition of a proper amount of titanium can obtain a remarkable grain refinement effect, so that the aluminum-copper alloy material obtains better performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aluminum-copper alloy material and a casting and heat treatment process thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an aluminum-copper alloy material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

75-88 parts of pure aluminum, 6-12 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 2-7 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 4-8 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 1-5 parts of a homogenizing agent and 1-2 parts of an active agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99%, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 40-60%, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 5-10%, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 5-10%.

Preferably, the aluminum-copper alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

77-83 parts of pure aluminum, 8-10 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 3-5 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 5-6 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 2-4 parts of a homogenizing agent and 1.4-1.8 parts of an active agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99%, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 45-55%, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 7-8%, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 6-8%.

Preferably, the aluminum-copper alloy material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

82 parts of pure aluminum, 9 parts of aluminum-copper alloy, 4.5 parts of aluminum-magnesium alloy, 6 parts of aluminum-titanium alloy, 3 parts of homogenizing agent and 1.5 parts of activating agent; wherein the aluminum content of the pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99 percent, the copper content of the aluminum-copper alloy is 45 percent, the magnesium content of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is 7.5 percent, and the titanium content of the aluminum-titanium alloy is 7.5 percent.

Preferably, the preparation method of the homogenizing agent comprises the following steps: 50-60 parts of Si, 10-20 parts of Mn and 5-15 parts of Cr are mixed and smelted at the smelting temperature of 500-1000 ℃, and finally light rare earth elements accounting for 5-10% of the total amount of Si powder are added, stirred until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, cast and molded, and pressed into particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the light rare earth element is a composition of scandium Sc, yttrium Y and one or more of lanthanum La, cerium Ce, praseodymium Pr, neodymium Nd, promethium Pm, samarium Sm, europium Eu.

Preferably, the preparation method of the active agent is as follows: adding the porous graphene into a phosphoric acid solution to react for 15-25min, washing with deionized water for 3-4 times, and then adding 50-60% of dilute sulfuric acid to treat for 20-30 min.

The invention also provides a casting process of the aluminum-copper alloy material, which comprises the following steps:

a. putting pure aluminum and aluminum-titanium alloy into a graphite crucible resistance furnace at room temperature according to the proportion for smelting, adding aluminum-copper alloy for continuous smelting when the temperature is raised to 720 ℃, and then adding a homogenizing agent and an activating agent;

b. when the smelting temperature in the graphite crucible resistance furnace is increased to 720-740 ℃, adding a refining agent accounting for 2-2.5% of the total amount of the solution in the furnace for degassing and deslagging for 6-10 min;

c. adding covering agent consisting of 60% of carnallite and 40% of calcium fluoride accounting for 3-5% of the total amount of the solution in the furnace, adding aluminum-magnesium alloy in proportion, stirring the solution in the furnace uniformly after 4-6 min, pouring the solution into a pre-manufactured sand mold, cooling, shakeout and cleaning to obtain a casting for later use.

The invention also provides a heat treatment process of the aluminum-copper alloy material, which comprises the following steps:

a. cutting the casting into strip blocks;

b. and (3) putting the strip-shaped block casting into a resistance furnace with the temperature of 520-530 ℃ for heating for 8 hours, then performing water quenching at room temperature, cooling, then putting into the resistance furnace for heating to 300-370 ℃ and preserving heat for 4-8 hours, and discharging to obtain the aluminum-copper alloy material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention improves the mechanical strength by solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening and simultaneously obtains the tensile strength of sigma_b385MPa, and elongation of 8 percent, so that the aluminum-copper alloy material has higher strength, excellent plasticity and good fluidity, and is not easy to have the defects of sand holes, air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like after casting.

2. Has good heat treatment performance because a certain binding energy exists between the copper atoms and the vacancies, namely the copper atoms and the vacancies are combined together, so that the vacancies can be stably positioned in a solid solution and are difficult to migrate to a defect zone. Under normal conditions, the cast mold core is heated in a furnace at 520-530 ℃ for 8 hours, water quenching is carried out, the temperature is kept for 4-8 hours after the mold core is cooled and heated in the furnace to 300-370 ℃, various internal stresses are eliminated through structural change of the casting after heat treatment, the internal structure is finer, the Brinell hardness is HB105, the abrasion is small in the using process, and the mold core is more suitable for molding of refrigerator liners and automotive upholsteries.

3. The magnesium alloy has good cutting processability, the cutting speed of the magnesium alloy is greatly higher than that of other metals, the hardness of the aluminum-copper alloy is lower than that of steel, the aluminum-copper alloy is more beneficial to cutting processing, and the abrasion to a cutter is small.

4. The polishing agent has good polishing property, a proper amount of titanium is added into aluminum and aluminum alloy to obtain a remarkable grain refining effect, and after an aluminum casting is subjected to machining and surface bench worker trimming, the surface is subjected to rough polishing and fine polishing, so that the mirror surface effect can be achieved.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.