Method and system for increasing exhaust pressure of engine
阅读说明:本技术 一种增加发动机排气压力的方法及系统 (Method and system for increasing exhaust pressure of engine ) 是由 杨洲 于 2018-08-16 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明提供一种增加发动机排气压力的方法及系统,用于带有涡轮增压器的发动机,发动机的排气歧管与涡轮增压器的涡轮机之间有发动机的排气流道,排气流道内设置有可以转动的导向门,当导向门在无转动的初始位置时,其内侧面朝向排气流道的内壁;利用一个空气喷射机构,从排气流道外往位于排气流道内的导向门的内侧面喷射压缩空气,驱动导向门旋转,增大导向门与排气流道内壁之间的夹角,改变发动机的排气气流在排气流道内的流动方向与速度,减小排气流道的过流面积,增加发动机的排气压力。本发明的系统结构紧凑,占用空间小,可以安置在涡轮机的上游,充分发挥涡轮增压器的作用,减小涡轮延迟,增加废气循环,减少发动机尾气排放,提高发动机制动功率。(The invention provides a method and a system for increasing the exhaust pressure of an engine, which are used for the engine with a turbocharger, wherein an exhaust runner of the engine is arranged between an exhaust manifold of the engine and a turbine of the turbocharger, a rotatable guide door is arranged in the exhaust runner, and the inner side surface of the guide door faces the inner wall of the exhaust runner when the guide door is at the initial position without rotation; the compressed air is sprayed from the outside of the exhaust flow passage to the inner side surface of the guide door positioned in the exhaust flow passage by using an air spraying mechanism, the guide door is driven to rotate, the included angle between the guide door and the inner wall of the exhaust flow passage is increased, the flowing direction and the flowing speed of the exhaust airflow of the engine in the exhaust flow passage are changed, the flow area of the exhaust flow passage is reduced, and the exhaust pressure of the engine is increased. The system of the invention has compact structure and small occupied space, can be arranged at the upstream of the turbine, fully plays the role of the turbocharger, reduces the delay of the turbine, increases the exhaust gas circulation, reduces the exhaust emission of the engine and improves the braking power of the engine.)
1. A method for increasing the exhaust pressure of engine features that an air jet mechanism is used to jet compressed air from outside the exhaust channel to a rotary guide gate in the exhaust channel, which can change the flowing direction and speed of the exhaust airflow in the exhaust channel, decrease the flow area of exhaust channel and increase the exhaust pressure in the exhaust channel.
2. The method of increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust runner includes an inlet passage of a turbine of the turbocharger, the guide gate is located in the inlet passage of the turbine of the turbocharger, a hinge of the guide gate is disposed at a junction of an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, the guide gate is rotatable around the hinge in the inlet passage of the turbine, an inner side surface of the guide gate faces an inner wall of the exhaust runner when the guide gate is in a non-rotational initial position, and the compressed air is sprayed on the inner side surface of the guide gate.
3. The method of increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 2, wherein: the air injection mechanism injects compressed air to the inner side surface of the guide door in the exhaust runner at a position where the outlet of the exhaust manifold is connected to the inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger.
4. The method of increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the turbine of the turbocharger is provided with two inlet passages, and a guide door is arranged in each inlet passage of the turbine.
5. The method of increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 4, wherein: the two guide doors in the two inlet passages of the turbine can rotate independently or rotate together simultaneously.
6. The method of increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 1, wherein: the air injection mechanism comprises a power source and a control valve, the power source comprises an air compressor or an air storage tank, the air compressor or the air storage tank generates the compressed air,
the control valve controls the injection time and flow rate of the compressed air.
7. A system for increasing exhaust pressure from an engine having a turbocharger, an exhaust flow path between an exhaust manifold of the engine and a turbine of the turbocharger, the system comprising: the system for increasing the exhaust pressure of the engine comprises a guide door and an air injection mechanism, the guide door is arranged in the exhaust runner in a rotary mode, when the guide door is at a non-rotating initial position, the inner side surface of the guide door faces the inner wall of the exhaust runner, the air injection mechanism injects compressed air from the outer side of the exhaust runner to the inner side surface of the guide door positioned in the exhaust runner, the guide door is driven to rotate, the guide door is increased, the included angle between the inner wall of the exhaust runner is increased, the flow area of the exhaust runner is reduced, and the exhaust pressure in the upstream exhaust runner of the guide door is increased.
8. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the inner side surface of the guide door can be in different shapes, including a plane, a folded surface, a concave surface, a combined surface or other curved surfaces.
9. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the exhaust runner comprises an inlet channel of a turbine of the turbocharger, the guide door is positioned in the inlet channel of the turbine, a hinge of the guide door is arranged at the joint of an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, and the guide door rotates in the inlet channel of the turbine around the hinge.
10. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the air injection mechanism comprises an air supply plate arranged between an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet channel of a turbine of the turbocharger, a hinge groove is formed in the air supply plate, and a hinge of the guide door is arranged in the hinge groove.
11. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the air injection mechanism comprises a power source and a control valve, the power source comprises an air compressor or an air storage tank, the air compressor or the air storage tank generates the compressed air, and the control valve controls the injection time and the flow of the compressed air.
12. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the air injection mechanism comprises a joint, an air outlet pipe or a nozzle, and the joint, the air outlet pipe or the nozzle is positioned at the joint of the outlet of the exhaust manifold and the inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger.
13. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 7, wherein: the turbine of the turbocharger is provided with two inlet passages, and a guide door is arranged in each inlet passage of the turbine.
14. The system for increasing engine exhaust pressure according to claim 13, wherein: the two guide doors in the two inlet passages of the turbine can rotate independently or simultaneously and together.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a method and a system for increasing exhaust pressure of an engine.
Background
In the prior art, increasing the exhaust pressure of an engine is widely used in the fields of emission treatment (exhaust gas recirculation) of the engine, engine braking, and the like. The main difference between engine braking and conventional ignition is that braking does not involve fuel injection or combustion, and the engine producing power is temporarily converted into an energy-absorbing air compressor. During braking, in addition to the conventional opening of the intake and exhaust valves during the intake and exhaust strokes, the engine brake reopens the exhaust valve during the compression stroke of the engine piston, allowing the compressed gas (air when braking) to be released, and the energy absorbed by the compressed gas during the compression stroke of the engine cannot be returned to the engine piston during the subsequent expansion (work) stroke, but is released through the exhaust and heat dissipation system of the engine. The net result is effective engine braking, slowing the vehicle.
The power and load of engine braking are increased along with the increase of the rotating speed, the engine mostly runs at the middle and low rotating speeds in practical use, and how to improve the engine braking power at the middle and low rotating speeds is urgent under the premise of not increasing the braking load (without overload). The traditional method is combined braking, and exhaust back pressure braking (out-cylinder braking) is added on the basis of compression release, for example, an exhaust butterfly valve is added, so that the exhaust pressure of an engine is increased. The combined braking can indeed improve the braking power of medium and low rotating speeds, reduce the braking load and eliminate the braking noise. However, almost all back pressure control devices (such as exhaust butterfly valves) cannot be installed upstream of the turbine of the turbocharger due to their bulky mechanisms (due to the side effects of turbine lag). The back pressure control device mounted on the exhaust tailpipe downstream of the turbine greatly reduces or even completely shuts off the exhaust gas flow, causing the turbocharger to be inoperative, reducing or even eliminating the intake pressure and flow and the corresponding cooling effect, causing the exhaust temperature to increase, causing overheating of certain engine components, such as the fuel injectors.
As early as 1983, U.S. patent No. 4,395,884 disclosed the use of a splitter valve upstream of the turbine of a turbocharger to combine the exhaust gas flows entering two turbine inlet passages into one turbine inlet passage, change the direction and speed of the exhaust gas flow, increase the turbine speed, increase the intake and exhaust pressures and the engine braking power. However, the splitter valve is not a product due to the limited space upstream of the turbine, its complex mechanism, large size, and difficult control.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and a system for increasing exhaust pressure of an engine, which are used to solve the technical problems of the prior art, such as complicated mechanism, high cost, large volume, difficult control of the engine back pressure control device, non-operation of the turbocharger caused by the back pressure control device, too high exhaust temperature of the engine at high rotation speed, easy overheating of the nozzle tip of the fuel nozzle, etc.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for increasing exhaust pressure of an engine having a turbocharger, the engine having an exhaust flow passage between an exhaust manifold and a turbine of the turbocharger, wherein an air injection mechanism is used to inject compressed air from outside the exhaust flow passage to a rotatable guide gate located in the exhaust flow passage, the guide gate is driven to rotate in the exhaust flow passage, the flowing direction and speed of exhaust gas flow of the engine in the exhaust flow passage are changed, the flow area of the exhaust flow passage is reduced, and the exhaust pressure in the exhaust flow passage upstream of the guide gate is increased.
Preferably, the exhaust gas flow passage includes an inlet passage of a turbine of the turbocharger, the guide gate is located in the inlet passage of the turbine of the turbocharger, a hinge of the guide gate is disposed at a junction of an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, the guide gate is rotatable about the hinge in the inlet passage of the turbine, an inner side surface of the guide gate faces an inner wall of the exhaust gas flow passage when the guide gate is in a non-rotational initial position, and the compressed air is sprayed on the inner side surface of the guide gate.
Preferably, the air injection means injects the compressed air to an inner surface of the guide door in the exhaust runner at a position where an outlet of the exhaust manifold is connected to an inlet of a turbine of the turbocharger.
Preferably, the turbine of the turbocharger has two inlet passages, and a guide door is arranged in each inlet passage of the turbine.
Preferably, the two guide doors in the two inlet passages of the turbine can rotate independently or rotate together simultaneously.
Preferably, the air injection mechanism comprises a power source and a control valve, the power source comprises an air compressor or an air storage tank, the air compressor or the air storage tank generates the compressed air, and the control valve controls the injection time and the flow of the compressed air.
The invention also provides a system for increasing the exhaust pressure of an engine, which is used for the engine with a turbocharger, an exhaust runner is arranged between an exhaust manifold of the engine and a turbine of the turbocharger, and the system is characterized in that: the system for increasing the exhaust pressure of the engine comprises a guide door and an air injection mechanism, the guide door is rotatably arranged in the exhaust runner, when the guide door is at a non-rotating initial position, the inner side surface of the guide door faces the inner wall of the exhaust runner, the air injection mechanism injects compressed air from the outer side of the exhaust runner to the inner side surface of the guide door positioned in the exhaust runner, the guide door is driven to rotate, the guide door is increased, the included angle between the inner wall of the exhaust runner is increased, the flow direction of the exhaust airflow of the engine in the exhaust runner is changed, the flow area of the exhaust runner is reduced, and the exhaust pressure in the upstream exhaust runner of the guide door is increased.
Preferably, the inner side surface of the guide door can be in different shapes, including a plane, a folded surface, a concave surface, a combined surface or other curved surfaces.
Preferably, the exhaust gas flow path comprises an inlet passage of a turbine of the turbocharger, the guide gate is located in the inlet passage of the turbine, a hinge of the guide gate is arranged at a junction of an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, and the guide gate rotates around the hinge in the inlet passage of the turbine.
Preferably, the air injection mechanism includes an air supply plate disposed between an outlet of the exhaust manifold and an inlet passage of a turbine of the turbocharger, the air supply plate having a hinge groove provided thereon, and a hinge of the guide door being disposed in the hinge groove.
Preferably, the air injection mechanism comprises a power source and a control valve, the power source comprises an air compressor or an air storage tank, the air compressor or the air storage tank generates the compressed air, and the control valve controls the injection time and the flow of the compressed air.
Preferably, the air injection mechanism comprises a joint, an air outlet pipe or a nozzle, and the joint, the air outlet pipe or the nozzle is positioned at the joint of the outlet of the exhaust manifold and the inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger.
Preferably, the turbine of the turbocharger has two inlet passages, and a guide door is arranged in each inlet passage of the turbine.
Preferably, the two guide doors in the two inlet passages of the turbine may be rotated separately or simultaneously in conjunction.
As mentioned above, the method and the system for increasing the exhaust pressure of the engine have the following beneficial effects: the piston cylinder mechanism is not needed, but the air injection mechanism drives the guide door, so that the direction and the flow speed of the exhaust airflow are changed, the running speed of the turbocharger is improved, and the exhaust pressure of the engine is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general construction of the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention, illustrating the state of the pilot door in a non-rotated initial position (non-actuated).
Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention, illustrating the state after the pilot door is rotated (driven).
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a turbine inlet passage and pilot valve position for the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an intake plate of the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
12 air intake manifold
13 air inlet shunting node
14 total intake pipe
210 turbocharger
222 axle
218, 228 compressor, turbine
240 tail pipe
22 exhaust manifold
23 exhaust manifold junction
24 exhaust channel
25 joint (joint end face)
26 exhaust flow passage inner wall
27 flow area of exhaust flow passage
28 turbine inlet passage
29 turbine blade
30 engines
33 piston of engine
35 Engine cylinder
40 air injection mechanism
41 air compressor
43 airway tube
45 control valve
47 air outlet pipe
48 nozzle
49 compressed air
51 nut
53 air supply joint
60 guide door
61, 63 to the inner and outer side of the door
62 guide door hinge
71 shim one
Air supply hole/slot on first 72 gaskets
74 air supply plate
75 air supply holes/grooves in air supply plate
76 hinge slot on air supply plate
77 vent/groove on gas supply plate
78 shim two
Air supply hole/groove on the second 79 spacer
100 engine brake
120 intercooler
140. 400 air
200 inlet valve
300 exhaust valve
500 engine fuel injector
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-5. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general construction of the system for increasing engine exhaust pressure of the present invention. A typical engine has a plurality of cylinders, such as a diesel engine with six cylinders in series on a commercial vehicle. For simplicity, however, only one
Most existing engines are equipped with a
In fig. 1, an
As is evident from fig. 2-5, the
The system for increasing the exhaust pressure of the engine further comprises an
The working process of the invention is as follows. When the engine needs to increase the exhaust pressure of the engine, the
As the angle between the
In addition, since the pressures applied to the inner and
The above description contains many specifics, which should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, but rather as a exemplification of some of the specifics thereof, from which many other variations are possible. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention. For example, the methods herein for increasing engine exhaust pressure may be used with different engines, including overhead cam engines and pushrod engines; the valve can be used for a single-valve engine and can also be used for a multi-valve engine with more than two valves; the method can be used for braking operation of the engine and also can be used for ignition operation of the engine, such as reducing turbine delay, increasing exhaust gas recirculation and the like.
Also, the air injection mechanism herein may vary in composition, shape, installation, regulation, etc. For example, the nozzle at the end of the outlet pipe may be flat, circular truncated cone, circular hole, ring, or the like.
Furthermore, the nozzle or fitting at the end of the outlet tube can be placed in different ways at different locations.
Also, the timing, flow rate and direction of the compressed air injected by the air injection mechanism may be adjusted according to engine operating requirements, such as braking power requirements, braking load limitations and the source of the compressed air.
In addition, the inner side surface of the guide door can take different shapes, and besides a plane, the inner side surface of the guide door can also be a folding surface (combination of two or more planes), a concave surface, a combined surface or other curved surfaces. The location and manner of installation of the guide doors may also vary.
Also, the cross section of the exhaust flow path may be other than square or circular.
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