阅读说明：本技术 一种光照处理改善发芽藜麦品质的发芽方法 (Germination method for improving quality of germinated quinoa by illumination treatment ) 是由 陈益胜 舒蓝萍 徐学明 金征宇 柏玉香 陈启飞 卫晓 黄彩虹 龙杰 张煌 马永帅 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种光照处理改善发芽藜麦品质的发芽方法,属于食品加工领域。本发明的光照处理改善发芽藜麦品质的发芽方法,包括如下步骤：(1)选择籽粒饱满、无霉烂和病虫害的完整的藜麦,放入次氯酸钠溶液中进行消毒处理；(2)将次氯酸钠溶液处理后的藜麦用去离子水冲洗,保证藜麦表皮不再附有次氯酸钠溶液；(3)用去离子水浸泡清洗洁净的藜麦,使藜麦吸水充分；(4)将藜麦平铺于纱布上,复合光照发芽,间断洒水,并清洗纱布,防止发霉。本发明所述的发芽方法简单,快速高效,显著的缩短藜麦的发芽时间,减少发芽成本,提高发芽藜麦γ-氨基丁酸的含量,增加发芽藜麦的抗氧化性,改善发芽藜麦的气味,全面提高发芽藜麦的品质。(The invention discloses a germination method for improving the quality of germinated quinoa by illumination treatment, and belongs to the field of food processing. The germination method for improving the quality of the germinated quinoa by illumination treatment comprises the following steps: (1) selecting complete quinoa with full seeds and no mildew, rot and plant diseases and insect pests, and placing the quinoa into a sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection treatment; (2) washing the quinoa treated by the sodium hypochlorite solution with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa skin is not attached with the sodium hypochlorite solution any more; (3) soaking and washing clean quinoa with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa absorbs water fully; (4) spreading quinoa on gauze, irradiating for germination under combined illumination, intermittently sprinkling water, and cleaning gauze to prevent mildew. The germination method provided by the invention is simple, rapid and efficient, the germination time of the germinated quinoa is obviously shortened, the germination cost is reduced, the content of gamma-aminobutyric acid of the germinated quinoa is increased, the oxidation resistance of the germinated quinoa is increased, the smell of the germinated quinoa is improved, and the quality of the germinated quinoa is comprehensively improved.)

1. The germination method for improving the quality of germinated quinoa by illumination treatment is characterized in that the germination of quinoa is promoted by illumination treatment, wherein the illumination is composite illumination.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite illumination is performed with a blue-to-red light quality ratio of 1: 1-4.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the light treatment conditions are: the illumination intensity is 5000-.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) selecting complete quinoa with full seeds and no mildew, rot and plant diseases and insect pests, and placing the quinoa into a sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection treatment;

(2) washing the quinoa treated by the sodium hypochlorite solution with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa skin is not attached with the sodium hypochlorite solution any more;

(3) soaking and washing clean quinoa with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa absorbs water fully;

(4) spreading quinoa on gauze, promoting germination by compound illumination treatment, intermittently spraying water, and cleaning gauze to prevent mildew.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature for germination of quinoa in step (4) is 20-30 ℃, the humidity is 80-90%, and the germination time is 70-80 h.

6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature of the deionized water in step (3) is 23-28 ℃, the volume of the deionized water is 8-15 times of that of the quinoa, and the soaking time of the deionized water is 10-20 hours.

7. The germinated quinoa obtained by the method of claim 1.

8. The quinoa germ powder prepared by pulverizing the germinated quinoa obtained by the method of claim 7.

9. The quinoa germ pulp obtained by grinding the germinated quinoa obtained by the method of claim 1.

10. The use of the germinated quinoa of claim 7 in quinoa nutritional powder, quinoa bread, quinoa cereal bar, quinoa beer, quinoa yogurt.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a germination method for improving the quality of germinated quinoa by illumination treatment, belonging to the field of food processing.

Background

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), amaranth Chenopodium dicotyledonous false grain, originally produced in Andes mountain area of south America, is the main traditional food printed with indigenous residents, has a planting history of about 7000 years locally, and contains elements such as 'food mother' and 'super food', etc. Chenopodium quinoa has a much higher nutritional value than traditional grains such as wheat, rice and corn, has abundant protein content and does not contain gluten protein, Chenopodium quinoa contains 16 amino acids including 9 essential amino acids for human body, has balanced composition proportion, is suitable for human body absorption, wherein the content of lysine and histidine is higher, and the supplemented quinoa food can improve 'lysine deficiency disease' caused by the dietary structure of China, is a high-quality nutritional source for pregnant women and infants.

Germination is a process that improves the texture and nutritional value of the grain. Chenopodium quinoa is generally germinated by shading (Jan R, Saxena D C, Singh S. analysing the effects of optimizing on the selectivity activity, total phenols, and essential factors of chemical (chemical balance) [ J ] Journal of food metabolism and Characterization,2017, 11(1):256-264.), but the general germination method is long in period, high in cost and incapable of achieving the expected effect.

Although in agriculture, plant seedlings are generally irradiated by light, the photosynthesis of plants is mainly utilized to synthesize nutrients required by growth, so that the growth is promoted, and seeds of the plants are germinated in the soil in a dark place and broken out, so that the plants can receive the light and thrive.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a germination method for improving the quality of germinated quinoa by light irradiation treatment. The germination method is simple, rapid and efficient, can obviously shorten the germination time of the germinated quinoa, reduce the germination cost, improve the content of gamma-aminobutyric acid of the germinated quinoa, increase the oxidation resistance of the germinated quinoa, improve the smell of the germinated quinoa, and is the germination method for comprehensively improving the quality of the germinated quinoa. And the illumination treatment is applied to the chenopodium quinoa germination, so that the germination is quicker, and the grain texture and the nutritional value thereof can be improved efficiently.

The invention aims to provide a germination method for improving the quality of germinated quinoa by illumination treatment.

In one embodiment, the light quality ratio of the blue light to the red light of the composite illumination is 1: 1-4.

In one embodiment, the composite lighting conditions when quinoa germinates are: the illumination intensity is 5000-.

In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting complete quinoa with full seeds and no mildew, rot and plant diseases and insect pests, and placing the quinoa into a sodium hypochlorite solution for disinfection treatment;

(2) washing the quinoa treated by the sodium hypochlorite solution with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa skin is not attached with the sodium hypochlorite solution any more;

(3) soaking and washing clean quinoa with deionized water to ensure that the quinoa absorbs water fully;

(4) spreading quinoa on gauze, irradiating for germination under combined illumination, intermittently sprinkling water, and cleaning gauze to prevent mildew.

In one embodiment, the volume multiple of sodium hypochlorite in step (1) is 1-5 times that of quinoa.

In one embodiment, the concentration of sodium hypochlorite in step (1) is 0.05-5%.

In one embodiment, the sodium hypochlorite is soaked in the solution in the step (1) for 20 to 40 minutes.

In one embodiment, step (2) is rinsed 3 or more times with deionized water.

In one embodiment, the deionized water in step (3) has a water temperature of 23-28 ℃.

In one embodiment, the volume of deionized water used in step (3) is 8-15 times that of quinoa.

In one embodiment, the soaking time of the deionized water in the step (3) is 10 to 20 hours.

In one embodiment, the temperature for germination of quinoa in step (4) is 20-30 deg.C, and the humidity should be 80-90%.

In one embodiment, the germination time in step (4) is 70-80 h.

In one embodiment, the step (4) is performed by spraying water once every 12 to 24 hours.

In one embodiment, the tank is disinfected with ozone for 15 minutes every 24 hours in step (4).

The second purpose of the invention is to obtain the germinated quinoa by the method.

The third purpose of the invention is to prepare quinoa germ powder by crushing the germinated quinoa obtained by the method.

In one embodiment, the specific preparation process is as follows: placing the germinated quinoa sprouts in a constant-temperature drying box, drying at 40-50 ℃ for 12h, and crushing to obtain quinoa sprout powder for later use.

The third purpose of the invention is to obtain the chenopodium quinoa sprout protoplasm by grinding the germinated chenopodium quinoa obtained by the method of the invention.

In one embodiment, the specific refining process is: the grinding temperature is 60 ℃, the grinding time is 5min, the grinding liquid material ratio is 6:1mL/g, and the grinding pH is 6.5.

The fourth purpose of the invention is to apply the quinoa malt protoplasm in the quinoa malt beverage.

The fifth purpose of the invention is to apply the quinoa malt of the invention in quinoa nutrition powder, quinoa bread, quinoa cereal bar, quinoa beer and quinoa yoghourt.

Advantageous effects

The germination method for improving the quality of the germinated quinoa by illumination treatment is simple, rapid and efficient, obviously shortens the germination time of the germinated quinoa, reduces the germination cost, improves the gamma-aminobutyric acid content of the germinated quinoa, increases the oxidation resistance of the germinated quinoa, improves the smell of the germinated quinoa, comprehensively improves the quality of the germinated quinoa, achieves the gamma-aminobutyric acid content of 116.2mg/100g and the DPPH free radical clearance rate of more than 75.12 percent when the germinated quinoa is 60 hours.

Detailed Description

The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.

Determination of the content of gamma-aminobutyric acid: placing 2.5g lyophilized quinoa powder (accurate to 0.0001g) into a test tube containing 25mL 70% ethanol solution, extracting the mixture at room temperature under shaking for 1min, centrifuging at 4000 Xg for 10min, and collecting supernatant. The same volume of 70% ethanol solution was added to the precipitate and the extraction was repeated, centrifuged and the supernatants combined. The supernatant was evaporated to dryness by rotation at 40 ℃ and the residue was dissolved in 5mL of lithium citrate elution buffer (pH2.2) containing 1.5g of trilithium citrate, 19.8g of citric acid, 12.0g of LiCl and 20.0g of 2, 2-thioethanol, filtered through a 0.45 μm microfiltration membrane and injected into an amino acid autoanalyzer to determine the GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) content.

And (3) measuring the oxidation resistance: determination of DPPH radical scavenging Capacity: 200 μ L of an appropriately diluted sample was added to 3.8mL of 60 μmol/LDPPH solution, and after a reaction in the dark at room temperature for 60min, the absorbance at 517nm was measured. The sample was replaced by methanol as a blank. DPPH radical clearance was calculated as follows:

in the formula: sample A represents the absorbance of the sample after reaction with DPPH solution;

blank A represents the absorbance of the blank (methanol) after reaction with DPPH.

The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.