阅读说明：本技术 伸缩悬臂支撑装置 (Telescopic cantilever supporting device ) 是由 B·巴克斯 D·斯图尔沃特 F·比肖夫 J·瑞辛格 于 2019-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于移动起重机的伸缩悬臂的支撑单元,其包括：用于固定在移动起重机的伸缩悬臂上的固定架(10)；固定架具有开放的横截面,其横截面开口使得悬臂(3)能够驶入固定架(10)中；以及两个由固定架(10)连接成一个结构单元的支撑支座(11)；其中,两个形成固定架(10)的开放横截面的框架部件(101、102)经由联接部位(19)可相对彼此运动地彼此联接。本发明还涉及相应的支撑单元运输系统、相应的移动起重机和相应的装配方法。(The invention relates to a support unit for moving a telescopic boom of a crane, comprising: a fixed mount (10) for fixing on a telescopic boom of a mobile crane; the holder has an open cross section, the cross section of which is open so that the cantilever (3) can be driven into the holder (10); and two support supports (11) connected by a fixed frame (10) to form a structural unit; wherein two frame parts (101, 102) forming an open cross section of the fastening frame (10) are coupled to one another via a coupling point (19) so as to be movable relative to one another. The invention also relates to a corresponding support unit transport system, a corresponding mobile crane and a corresponding assembly method.)

1. A support unit for moving a telescopic boom of a crane, comprising:

a holder (10) for fixing to a telescopic boom of the mobile crane, the holder having an open cross section, the cross section of the cross section being open so that the boom (3) can be driven into the holder (10); and

two support supports (11) connected by the fixing frame (10) to form a structural unit;

characterized in that two frame parts (101, 102) forming an open cross section of the fastening frame (10) are coupled to each other via a coupling point (19) so as to be movable relative to each other.

2. The support unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame parts (101, 102) are coupled to each other such that a movement of the frame parts (101, 102) to each other causes a change of the opening width (D4-D6) of the open cross-section.

3. The supporting unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frame parts (101, 102) are coupled to each other such that a movement of the frame parts (101, 102) relative to each other causes a change of the structural width (D1-D3) of the supporting unit (9).

4. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the frame parts (101, 102) are rotatably coupled to each other via a coupling point (19), in particular by means of a joint, the axis of rotation of which extends in a particular case parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boom (3).

5. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the frame parts (101, 102) are translatably coupled to each other via a coupling point (19), in particular by means of a rail-type guide.

6. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the movement of the frame parts (101, 102) is assisted, in particular caused, by means of an actuator, in particular caused by means of at least one hydraulic cylinder in a special case.

7. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fixing frame (10) is configured such that the open cross-sectional opening (D4-D6) widens automatically in the suspended state and/or in a rest position, in particular set down on the crane bed (1).

8. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the holder (10) is configured such that the frame part (101, 102) automatically rests on the cantilever (3) when the cantilever (3) is driven into the holder (10).

9. Support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the holder (10) has an upwardly open cross section which enables the support unit (9) to be mounted by swinging down or out of the cantilever (3).

10. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the support unit (9) is configured to be placed on a dolly (1) of a mobile crane for mounting, in particular by the mobile crane itself.

11. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the support unit (9) has defined seats (17, 18) via which it can be placed on a dolly (1) of a mobile crane and/or a transport vehicle (8).

12. The support unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the support unit (9) is configured to be placed on a bed (1) of the mobile crane and/or to remain bolted to the boom (3) of the mobile crane during transport.

13. A support unit transport system having:

the support unit (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and

a transport vehicle (8) configured for transporting a support unit, in particular wherein the support unit (9) and/or the transport vehicle (8) is configured such that the structural width (D1-D3) of a support unit (9) placed on the transport vehicle (8) is automatically reduced.

14. Telescopic boom crane, in particular mobile crane, having:

a chassis (1) and a superstructure (2) rotatably arranged on the chassis, on which superstructure a pivotable boom (3) is arranged, which has an outer boom base part (4) and one or more boom extension parts (5), and

support unit (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. Method for mounting a telescopic boom support unit (9) on a mobile crane, the method comprising:

-providing a support unit (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 that can be transported separately from a mobile crane;

-placing the support unit (9) on a base car (1) of a mobile crane, in particular by the mobile crane itself;

positioning a support unit (9) on the boom (3) by means of a swinging movement of the boom (3);

the support unit (9) is fixed to the cantilever (3) by means of a bolt.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of support devices in telescopic boom cranes, in particular mobile cranes.

Background

The support system is used in cranes or telescopic boom cranes to increase the carrying capacity of the boom or its stability or rigidity. In many cases, the support means is provided as an integral unit, as in the present invention, and is also referred to as an "a-mount". It has an erectable support pedestal and a fixed frame for fixing on a crane jib. The cable is tensioned via the support bearing towards the head of the cantilever, which partially absorbs the forces acting on the cantilever, thereby reducing or improving the rigidity. The support bearing is fixed in the region of the cantilever pivot axis by a support member.

The size and weight of the support units also increase in larger mobile cranes, so they cannot be pre-assembled on the boom during transport of the crane to the site of use, otherwise the height and/or weight limitations will not be met. In these cases, the support unit is brought separately to the place of use.

From the prior art, different methods are known for mounting the support device, which is transported separately to the site, on a crane or a crane boom. For example, EP 1342692 a2 proposes to transport the support device in two parts and to store the parts separately for mounting on a crane chassis. However, this method is relatively complex, since the individual parts of the support device have to be handled separately. Thus, EP 1735233 a1 proposes to design the entire support device as a structural unit that can be lifted by a crane on site by a transport vehicle. To fit the support means to the jib, it is lowered by the support frame at a position higher on the ground so that the crane jib is retracted under the support means, and the support means can be mounted to the jib from the top. However, for this solution, a support frame for the support means must be provided, wherein retraction of the cantilever under the support means is an additional step. EP 2248754 a1 therefore proposes placing the support device as a structural unit directly on the crane bottom carriage in order to mount the support device "from below" on the jib after it has been swung out or swung down. Since the oscillating cylinder must be guided past the support pedestal, the structural width of the support device cannot exceed a certain value due to the permitted requirements of road transport, which solution is subject to strict limitations in terms of the geometry of the support device and the lifting boom and the arrangement of the tilting mechanism included therein.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a support unit for a mobile crane telescopic boom which can be assembled in a simple manner and which therefore fulfills the geometric requirements of road transport even in the case of large mobile cranes.

This object is achieved by the objects of claims 1 and 13 to 15. The dependent claims define preferred embodiments of the invention herein.

The telescopic boom support unit according to the invention therefore comprises a holder for fixing to a telescopic boom of a mobile crane, and two support supports which are connected to form a structural unit by means of the holder, the holder having an open cross section, the cross section opening of which enables the boom to be driven into the holder. In this case, two frame parts forming the open cross section of the fastening frame are coupled to one another via a coupling point so as to be movable relative to one another.

In other words, the holder for fixing the support bearing to the cantilever has a substantially U-shaped cross section, so that the cantilever enters the holder for mounting the support unit by a pivoting movement through the opening of the U-shaped holder and finally the holder and the cantilever can be fixed by means of screws. In this case, the open cross section is formed by at least two, in particular exactly two, frame parts which can be moved relative to one another, but which form a structural unit. The profile cross sections of the holder are thereby changed by the movement of the frame parts relative to one another, so that different profile cross sections of the holder can be realized by different states of the frame parts, which in turn meet the requirements for different geometries of the support unit. In this case, the holder can extend substantially in a plane which perpendicularly intersects the longitudinal axis of the cantilever arm inserted into the holder. The mutual movement of the frame parts can also lie in this plane.

The change in the opening width of the open cross section is thereby achieved, for example, by the movement of the frame parts relative to one another. In other words, the frame parts are moved relative to one another in such a way that the opening provided for the entry of the cantilever in the holder is widened or narrowed again. Since the position of the two support abutments is determined by the position of the corresponding frame part of the fastening frame, the width as a whole between the support abutments of the support unit is also influenced.

On the other hand, a change in the structural width of the support unit can also be achieved by a movement of the frame parts relative to one another. The holder can thus be designed such that the width of the holder and thus of the entire support unit is changed by the movement of the frame parts relative to one another.

For example, the coupling points may rotatably couple the respective frame parts of the fastening frame to one another. The frame parts can thus be connected to one another, for example, via joints, the axis of rotation of which extends in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boom extending into the holder. Furthermore, the coupling points can also couple the respective frame parts to one another in translation, so that they can be moved relative to one another, for example via rail-like guides. In this case, it is also conceivable for the coupling points to enable a combined rotational/translational movement of the respective frame parts with respect to one another. The coupling point can also be situated substantially in the plane of symmetry of the fastening frame, so that the fastening frame has a substantially symmetrical cross section in any state of the frame parts relative to one another.

In order to bring about a movement of the frame parts relative to one another, the supporting unit can have at least one electrically, mechanically or hydraulically driven actuator, by means of which the frame parts of the holder are moved relative to one another, in particular rotated relative to one another and/or moved relative to one another. The frame parts, which are coupled to one another in translation, for example, are moved relative to one another via hydraulic cylinders, toothed bar drives, electric or hydraulic motors or the like, in order to change the opening width of the open frame cross section and/or to change the structural width of the fixing frame or the support unit. It is also conceivable to bring about a rotational movement of the frame parts relative to one another by means of hydraulic cylinders or electric or hydraulic motors arranged in the region of the axis of rotation. Furthermore, there are solutions in which the frame parts are moved relative to one another by means of an "external" drive, for example a drive on a crane chassis or a drive on a transport unit/crane conveyor.

According to a further embodiment of the support unit according to the invention, the holder can also be designed such that the opening of the open cross section widens autonomously and automatically as soon as it is lifted by the crane. It is also possible to widen autonomously or automatically when the support unit is in the lowered rest position. The intended widening of the support unit can be achieved by a suitable choice of the frame geometry and the position of the respective center of gravity of the frame parts and their supports once the support unit is suspended from the load hook of the crane or placed on the crane bed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the transition of the frame cross section from the widened state into the state of resting on the cantilever cross section can be brought about by the cantilever being driven into the holder by a pivoting movement. As soon as the boom is pressed against the joint, for example, the frame part automatically comes to bear against the contour of the boom during the driving-in of the boom, so that the support unit can be bolted to the boom in a subsequent step.

In principle, it is conceivable for the support unit according to the invention to be mounted "from above" on the cantilever with a variable holder contour. However, as will be shown later, the invention also makes it possible to fit "from below" in such a way that the cantilever is swung down or out into the holder by the cantilever. In the first case a fixed mount is necessary in order to be able to place the support unit in an elevated position so that the boom can be brought under the support unit for assembly, in the second case the support unit is placed for example directly on the crane bed.

In order to be able to position the support unit in a defined assembly position on the crane undercarriage, the support unit can have a defined support, which then serves as a so-called positioning aid. Furthermore, it is possible to realize a suitable positioning of the support, with the holder or the support unit automatically opening or widening by its own weight in the lowered resting state.

Although in the preceding examples it is always based on the premise that the support unit is detached for road transport, it is conceivable that the support unit is placed on a crane chassis during transport, even remains bolted to the boom of the mobile crane, in which case the requirements of road transport remain.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a support unit transport system comprising, in addition to the support unit described herein, a transport vehicle designed for transporting the support unit.

The support unit can be designed such that it automatically widens, in particular in the rest position on the crane carriage, and when it is placed on the transport vehicle, it can strive to reduce its structural width in exactly the same way in the interrelation with the transport vehicle provided for this purpose. This makes it possible to achieve not only that the maximum width permitted for road transport is not exceeded, but also that as narrow a transport vehicle as possible is used.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a telescopic boom crane, in particular a mobile crane, having a superstructure which is arranged rotatably on a chassis, the superstructure having a telescopic boom comprising a plurality of telescopic booms and a support unit as described herein.

Another aspect of the invention relates to an assembly method for a telescopic boom support unit according to the invention, whereby a support unit transported separately by a mobile crane is lifted by means of a transport vehicle and lowered onto the bed of the mobile crane, and then the boom is driven into the holder by means of a swinging motion and bolted thereto.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of embodiments and with the aid of the figures. All of the features described herein can be included individually or in any combination. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a support unit placed onto a transport vehicle;

figure 2 shows the support unit suspended from a crane load hook;

fig. 3 shows a crane with a support unit placed on a crane bed;

fig. 4 shows the support unit on the crane bed in the waiting rest position;

FIG. 5 shows the boom driven into the mount;

fig. 6 shows the support unit screwed to the cantilever;

fig. 7 shows a first embodiment of the support unit in a transport state;

FIG. 8 shows the support unit of FIG. 7 in an expanded rest position;

FIG. 9 shows the support unit of FIG. 7 in a normal position corresponding to the contour of the cantilever;

fig. 10 shows a second embodiment of the support unit in a transport state;

FIG. 11 shows the support unit of FIG. 10 in an expanded rest position;

fig. 12 shows the support unit of fig. 10 in a normal position corresponding to the contour of the cantilever.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a support unit 9 according to the invention transported on a transport vehicle 8 (crane carriage) separate from a common mobile crane. The support unit 9 here takes up a position on the crane carriage 8 in which it has a smaller overall width than in the state of being screwed onto the jib 3 or onto the crane bottom car 1. Fig. 7 shows in this case how the support unit 9 can be made to have a smaller overall width by pivoting the two frame parts 101 and 102 about the coupling point 19 (joint) so that the latter assume a lower position relative to the frame parts 101 and 102 than in the normal state.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a support unit 9 according to the invention, which is essentially formed by two symmetrically arranged support carriers 11 and an associated fastening frame 10. The fastening frame 10 is divided into two frame parts 101 and 102, which are rotatable relative to one another about a central joint. In the state of the support unit 9 shown in fig. 2, it is suspended from the lifting hook 30 by means of the stop 21. The stop 21 or the stop cable acts here in the region of the joint and the abutment 17, so that the support unit 9 automatically expands by its own weight, whereby the frame parts 101 and 102 rotate about the joint, so that the joint is located at a higher position relative to the frame parts 101 and 102 than in the normal state of the holder 10. The support stand is embodied in a manner known per se. In particular, they each have a winch 16 for the boom support and are erected in the boom pivot plane by means of the vertical cylinder 12 and are also retracted again after use, while they are pivoted out of the boom pivot plane by means of the respective pivot block 13 and pivot cylinder 14 and can be moved into this plane again. The support carrier 11 can thus assume a so-called V or Y position, in which case the jib support unit can also be subjected to lateral loads, for example wind loads, on the crane jib 3.

Fig. 3 shows the next step in the installation of the support unit 9 according to the invention, in which it is placed in the front region of the crane chassis 1. Obviously, the positioning of the support unit 9 on the crane bed 1 is done automatically by moving the crane, so that no separate lifting means need to be provided.

Fig. 4 shows the support unit 9 positioned on the crane carriage 1, wherein it is noted that the abutments 17 and 18 of the support unit 9 are located in a defined region of the crane carriage 1, so that the support unit 9 can be screwed to the jib 3 as long as it is driven into the holder 10 or its frame parts 101 and 102. In the embodiment shown, the fastening frame 10 is screwed to the flange 6 of the cantilever base part 4 (telescopic rod). For this purpose, the boom 3 must be lowered into a substantially horizontal position (swiveled down or out) so that the flange 6 is driven into the holder 10 and is located therein. As previously described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, the main point of view of the invention is likewise that of fig. 4, in which the support abutments 11 of the support units 9, which are separate from the rest of the mobile crane, are parallel to each other. In a rigid, non-variable-profile holder 10 with an open cross section, the space provided between the support abutments 11 is directly related to the spacing of the upper ends of the U-shaped holder. If no more space is required for the pivoting in and out of the holder 10 again of the cantilever arm 3, it has been possible to do so only by increasing the structural width of the holder 10. However, this, like the entire support unit 9 itself, cannot exceed a given maximum width when transported separately from the mobile crane on the crane carriage 8. In large mobile cranes with a correspondingly large boom cross section, as in cranes with two pivot cylinders configured beyond the lateral width of the boom 3, it has therefore hitherto been almost impossible to realize a support unit 9 that can be mounted "from below" on the boom 3. As can be seen from fig. 4, the widening of the fixing frame 10 and of the entire support unit 9 additionally eases the passage of the pivot cylinders arranged on both sides of the boom 3 past the support bearing 11.

As soon as the pivot cylinder has passed at the support bearing 11 and the boom 3 or the flange 6 of the outermost telescopic rod has entered the holder 10, the support bearing 10 can pass the boom 3 again by the frame parts 101 and 102 bearing against the boom or the flange 5. In the example shown, this is achieved in that the flange 6 runs onto the joint below the center and presses the joint downward. The supports 18 on both sides of the holder 10 and supporting the holder roll over the crane trolley 1 and can thus rotate the respective frame parts 101 and 102 placed on the crane trolley 1. The same applies to the support 17 below the support 11, wherein in the example shown the support 18 on the crane carriage 1 additionally assumes the function of guiding the fastening frame 10 on the crane carriage 1 when it is applied to the jib 3. For this purpose, a rail-type guide structure 20 (fig. 4) is provided on the chassis 1, which enables the carriage 18 to roll, but prevents it from moving in the longitudinal direction of the crane. This can be achieved, for example, by one or more grooves and/or rails transverse to the longitudinal direction of the crane, in which the bearing 18 is held by the self-weight of the support unit 9, even if it rolls on the crane superstructure 1. The frame parts 101 and 102, which are moved in translation relative to each other, can be such that the guide structure 20 likewise matches a rotational movement instead of a translational movement. The guide structure 20 normally allows movement of the frame parts 101 and 102 and their abutments 18 during assembly, but movement in the longitudinal direction of the crane is prevented. Such a guide structure can also be used for the rear abutment 17. Since the supports in the embodiment shown are placed essentially on the same region of the crane undercarriage 1 during rolling, the guide structure here can have the form of a ridge or a recess on the crane superstructure 1, which prevents a translational movement of the respective support 17 in any horizontal direction. If such a translational movement, for example in the transverse direction of the crane, is desired, the guide structure naturally also has rails or grooves for the rear bearing 17, as described for the front guide structure 20.

Fig. 6 shows the holder 10 of the support unit 9 according to the invention in a state of resting on the boom 3, in which the holder 10 can be screwed to the flange 6 of the outermost telescopic rod by activating the locking cylinder 15.

The cross-sections of the frame parts 101 and 102, which can be seen in fig. 7 to 9, at different points from one another again show the advantages of the invention: fig. 9 shows the normal position of the frame parts 101 and 102 relative to each other, in which the fastening frame 10 rests on the outer circumference of the bracket 3 or on the flange 6 and is screwed thereto. In this position, it is not possible to drive the boom 3 into the holder 10 or out of the holder again, since the opening width D6 provided is not sufficient for this purpose. The structure width D3 visible in fig. 9 can also be made to exceed the maximum permissible for road transport.

The present invention solves both problems by the frame parts 101 and 102 swinging against each other via a central hinge joint. This allows, on the one hand, the opening width of the fastening device 10, which is important for the insertion and re-insertion, to be widened to a greater distance D5. The likewise greater structural width D2 in relation to the structural width D3 in the normal state is not important here, since this state is only present at the installation site when the mobile crane is installed. For road transport, the frame parts 101 and 102 of the illustrated embodiment are pivoted in opposite directions to one another, so that the structural width D1 of the supporting unit 9 has a value which is permissible for road traffic and which is smaller than the structural width D3 in the normal state. The smaller opening width D4 relative to the normal state is not important in the transport state.

Fig. 10 to 12 show an embodiment of the supporting unit 9 according to the invention, in which the frame parts 101 and 102 do not move rotationally relative to one another, as in the embodiment visible in fig. 7 to 9, but move translationally. The translational movement in the horizontal direction is caused by an actuator 21, which is schematically shown in fig. 12 as a hydraulic cylinder, but which may equally comprise a toothed bar drive or similar means adapted for translational movement. Fig. 10 shows a transport state with reduced widths D1 and D4 (corresponding to the rotation state shown in fig. 7), fig. 11 shows an assembly state with increased widths D2 and D5 (corresponding to the rotation state shown in fig. 8) and fig. 12 shows an operating state of the frame parts 101 and 102 (corresponding to the rotation state shown in fig. 9), wherein the frame parts 101 and 102 in the last state can be screwed to the crane jib 3.