阅读说明：本技术 一种基于陶瓷粉末打印用3d打印机 (Based on ceramic powder prints and uses 3D printer ) 是由 白海通 赵喆 浮燕 王操 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及3D打印技术领域,且公开了一种基于陶瓷粉末打印用3D打印机,包括喷头,所述喷头的顶部固定连接有对称的导料管,所述导料管的一端固定连接有一号电机,所述一号电机的输出端固定连接有压缩螺杆,所述喷头的顶部开设有均布的防尘通风孔。本发明通过设计的电加热管、防尘通风孔,使电加热管加热导料管与喷头内的陶瓷粉末时,其高温使喷头内的气体膨胀,通过防尘通风孔排出,使喷头顶部形成负压环境,同时通过设计的压缩螺杆、导料管与喷头的落差,使熔融陶瓷粉末在进入喷头后,能在落差状态下拉伸,从而使物料中的部分气泡拉扯破裂,并在气泡内外压力差的情况下,使部分气泡膨胀破裂,从而使物料内不存在气体,避免断喷的发生。(The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and discloses a 3D printer for printing based on ceramic powder, which comprises a spray head, wherein the top of the spray head is fixedly connected with symmetrical material guide pipes, one end of each material guide pipe is fixedly connected with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with a compression screw, and the top of the spray head is provided with uniformly distributed dustproof ventilation holes. According to the invention, through the designed electric heating pipe and the dustproof vent hole, when the electric heating pipe heats the ceramic powder in the material guide pipe and the spray head, the gas in the spray head is expanded at high temperature and is discharged through the dustproof vent hole, so that a negative pressure environment is formed at the top of the spray head, and meanwhile, through the designed fall of the compression screw, the material guide pipe and the spray head, the molten ceramic powder can be stretched in a fall state after entering the spray head, so that part of bubbles in the material are pulled and broken, and part of bubbles are expanded and broken under the condition of pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the bubbles, so that the gas does not exist in the material, and the occurrence of broken spray is avoided.)

1. The utility model provides a print and use 3D printer based on ceramic powder, includes shower nozzle (1), its characterized in that: the top of the spray head (1) is fixedly connected with symmetrical guide pipes (2), one end of each guide pipe (2) is fixedly connected with a first motor (3), the output end of each first motor (3) is fixedly connected with a compression screw (4), the top of the spray head (1) is provided with uniformly distributed dustproof ventilation holes (10), the top end of the spray head (1) is fixedly connected with a second motor (5), the output end of the second motor (5) is fixedly connected with a transmission rod (6), the bottom center of the transmission rod (6) is provided with a reciprocating cavity (601), the outer side of the bottom of the transmission rod (6) is provided with symmetrical limiting grooves (602), a movable rod (7) is movably sleeved in the reciprocating cavity (601), the top of the movable rod (7) is provided with symmetrical positioning bulges (701), and the top end of the reciprocating cavity (601) is fixedly connected with a spring (11), the heating device is characterized in that an induction block II (131) is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the reciprocating cavity (601), an induction block I (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the same end of the reciprocating cavity (601), a moving block (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the moving rod (7), an extrusion screw (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving rod (7), an electric heating pipe (9) is fixedly sleeved outside the spray head (1) and the material guide pipe (2), and a cooling pipe (14) is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the electric heating pipe (9).

2. The ceramic powder printing-based 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the screw pitch of the compression screw (4) is gradually reduced towards the direction of the spray head (1).

3. The ceramic powder printing-based 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the dustproof ventilation hole (10) is located above the material guide pipe (2), the extrusion screw (8) is located below the material guide pipe (2), and two sides of the extrusion screw (8) are attached to the inner wall of the spray head (1).

4. The ceramic powder printing-based 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning protrusion (701) is clamped in the limiting groove (602), the sensing block I (13) and the sensing block II (131) are in signal connection with a numerical control program, the sensing block I (13) outputs an opening signal of a second motor (5), the sensing block II (131) outputs a closing signal of the second motor (5), and the moving block (12), the sensing block I (13) and the sensing block II (131) are located on the same straight line.

5. The ceramic powder printing-based 3D printer according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the spring (11) is fixedly connected with the movable rod (7), and the extrusion screw rod (8) starts to move downwards when the load capacity exceeds twenty grams.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer for printing based on ceramic powder.

Background

The ceramic 3D printing is based on the traditional 3D printing technology, a digital model file is used as a basis, a ceramic paste body with high water content is extruded and then is superposed and molded to form a ceramic component, ceramic powder is continuously introduced into a material guide pipe, the ceramic powder is heated and softened by a heating block until the head of an extrusion spray head is in a completely molten state, the spray head extrudes the material in the molten state from a small hole to form a fuse wire along with the extrusion of subsequent ceramic powder, and the superposition molding is carried out through the control of a numerical control program.

But current printer, at the in-process that the material lets in, inevitable have gas and ceramic powder and get into the inlet pipe simultaneously, make follow-up ceramic powder after the heating melts, gas forms the microbubble in the melting ceramic powder, make the microbubble lead to melting ceramic powder to appear transient disconnected spouting phenomenon when melting ceramic powder spouts, make the printing piece impaired, the precision descends, current shower nozzle of extruding simultaneously is after spouting the material, extrude and remain the ceramic material of molten condition in the head, under the action of gravity, drip easily on printing table or printing piece, the melting ceramic powder that remains in extruding the shower nozzle simultaneously can solidify gradually, cause the jam of extruding the head.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing ceramic powder 3D printer in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides the 3D printer for printing based on the ceramic powder, which has the advantages that negative pressure is formed at the top of a heated spray head, small air bubbles in the molten ceramic powder are combined, the molten ceramic powder is stretched to break the air bubbles, a compression screw is pressed by gravity to turn on a motor, and the compression screw rebounds to adsorb the molten ceramic powder, and solves the technical problems that the bubbles in the molten ceramic powder cause the phenomenon of broken spraying and the molten ceramic powder drops in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: A3D printer for printing based on ceramic powder comprises a nozzle, wherein symmetrical guide pipes are fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle, a first motor is fixedly connected to one end of each guide pipe, a compression screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, uniformly distributed dustproof ventilation holes are formed in the top of the nozzle, a second motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the nozzle, a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a reciprocating cavity is formed in the center of the bottom of the transmission rod, symmetrical limiting grooves are formed in the outer side of the bottom of the transmission rod, a movable rod is movably sleeved in the reciprocating cavity, symmetrical positioning protrusions are arranged at the top of the movable rod, a spring is fixedly connected to the top end of the reciprocating cavity, an induction block II is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the reciprocating cavity, and an induction block I is fixedly connected to the bottom of the same end of the reciprocating cavity, the movable cooling device comprises a spray head, a guide pipe, a movable block, an extrusion screw rod, an electric heating pipe and a cooling pipe, wherein the movable block is fixedly connected to one side of the top end of the movable rod, the extrusion screw rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable rod, the electric heating pipe is fixedly sleeved outside the spray head and the guide pipe, and the cooling pipe is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the electric heating pipe.

Preferably, the pitch of the compression screw is gradually reduced in the direction of the spray head.

Preferably, the dustproof ventilation hole is located above the material guide pipe, the extrusion screw is located below the material guide pipe, and two sides of the extrusion screw are attached to the inner wall of the spray head.

Preferably, the positioning protrusion is clamped in the limiting groove, the sensing block I and the sensing block II are in signal connection with a numerical control program, the sensing block I outputs an opening signal of the second motor, the sensing block II outputs a closing signal of the second motor, and the moving block is located on the same straight line with the sensing block I and the sensing block II.

Preferably, the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected with the movable rod, and the extrusion screw starts to move downwards when the load capacity exceeds twenty grams.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through the designed electric heating pipe and the dustproof vent hole, when the electric heating pipe heats the ceramic powder in the material guide pipe and the spray head, the gas in the spray head is expanded at high temperature and is discharged through the dustproof vent hole, so that a negative pressure environment is formed at the top of the spray head, and meanwhile, through the designed fall of the compression screw, the material guide pipe and the spray head, the molten ceramic powder can be stretched in a fall state after entering the spray head, so that part of bubbles in the material are pulled and broken, and part of bubbles are expanded and broken under the condition of pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the bubbles, so that the gas does not exist in the material, and the occurrence of broken spray is avoided.

2. According to the invention, through the designed transmission rod, the movable rod and the extrusion screw, the molten ceramic powder falling into the spray head is accumulated on the extrusion screw, the extrusion screw is moved downwards by gravity, so that the movable block passes through the induction block I to turn on the second motor, the extrusion screw extrudes the molten ceramic powder to be sprayed out, and when a finished product is about to be finished, the extrusion screw stops the input of the molten ceramic powder, the molten ceramic powder in the extrusion screw is gradually consumed and lifted upwards, and the molten ceramic powder is continuously lifted upwards after being completely consumed until the movable block passes through the induction block II to turn off the second motor, so that the extrusion screw sucks the molten ceramic powder at the bottom of the spray head, and the dropping of the molten ceramic powder is avoided by matching with the atmospheric pressure of the spray nozzle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spacing groove structure according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a spray head; 2. a material guide pipe; 3. a first motor; 4. compressing the screw; 5. a second motor; 6. a transmission rod; 601. a reciprocating chamber; 602. a limiting groove; 7. a movable rod; 701. positioning the projection; 8. extruding the screw; 9. an electric heating tube; 10. a dust-proof vent hole; 11. a spring; 12. a moving block; 13. an induction block I; 131. an induction block II; 14. and (7) cooling the tube.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a 3D printer for printing based on ceramic powder includes a nozzle 1, a symmetrical material guiding pipe 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle 1, a first motor 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the material guiding pipe 2, a compression screw 4 is fixedly connected to an output end of the first motor 3, and a pitch of the compression screw 4 is gradually decreased toward the nozzle 1, so that molten ceramic powder can move toward the nozzle 1 under the driving of the compression screw 4, and pressure is increased under the change of the pitch of the compression screw 4, so that a plurality of small bubbles in the molten ceramic powder are combined into large bubbles, and the large bubbles are more easily broken in subsequent links.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the top of the nozzle 1 is provided with dust-proof vent holes 10, the dust-proof vent holes 10 are located above the material guiding pipe 2, so that the nozzle 1 expands the internal gas under the action of the electric heating pipe 9, the gas at the top of the nozzle 1 is discharged from the dust-proof vent holes 10, the top of the inner cavity of the spray head 1 forms a low-pressure environment, the top end of the spray head 1 is fixedly connected with a second motor 5, the output end of the second motor 5 is fixedly connected with a transmission rod 6, the center of the bottom of the transmission rod 6 is provided with a reciprocating cavity 601, the outer side of the bottom of the transmission rod 6 is provided with symmetrical limiting grooves 602, a movable rod 7 is movably sleeved in the reciprocating cavity 601, the top of the movable rod 7 is provided with symmetrical positioning bulges 701, the positioning bulges 701 are clamped in the limiting grooves 602, so that the movable rod 7 is limited in position, and the situation that the movable rod 7 cannot synchronously rotate with the transmission rod 6 in the up-and-down moving process is avoided;

referring to fig. 2, a spring 11 is fixedly connected to the top end of a reciprocating cavity 601, the bottom end of the spring 11 is fixedly connected to a movable rod 7, so that molten ceramic powder falling on an extrusion screw 8 can move downward when the weight of the molten ceramic powder exceeds twenty grams, thereby preventing the drop height from being reduced due to stacking of the molten ceramic powder, insufficient stretching degree of the molten ceramic powder and insufficient bubble breakage, a sensing block II131 is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the reciprocating cavity 601, a sensing block I13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the same end of the reciprocating cavity 601, the sensing block I13 and the sensing block II131 are in signal connection with a numerical control program, the sensing block I13 outputs an opening signal of the second motor 5, the sensing block II131 outputs a closing signal of the second motor 5, a moving block 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the top end of the movable rod 7, the moving block 12 is positioned on the same straight line with the sensing block I13 and the sensing block II131, so that the extrusion screw 8 is influenced by the gravity of the stacked molten ceramic powder, the moving block 12 moves downwards continuously to pass through the induction block I13, the second motor 5 is started, the extrusion screw 8 drives the molten ceramic powder to be sprayed out of the nozzle, when the product is to be finished, the numerical control program controls the conveying device to stop feeding, the first motor 3 is closed, the electric heating pipe 9 stops supplying heat, the extrusion screw 8 continues to rotate to extrude the molten ceramic powder, the molten ceramic powder in the extrusion screw 8 is gradually reduced, the movable rod 7 is gradually lifted up under the action of the spring 11, when the molten ceramic powder in the extrusion screw 8 is consumed, the extrusion screw continues to be lifted up, when the moving block 12 passes through the induction block II131, the numerical control program closes the second motor 5, and the molten ceramic powder at the bottom of the nozzle 1 is adsorbed by the extrusion screw 8;

referring to fig. 1, an extrusion screw 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a movable rod 7, the extrusion screw 8 is located below a material guiding pipe 2, so that a drop exists between the material guiding pipe 2 and the extrusion screw 8, the compressed molten ceramic powder is stretched under the action of gravity after entering a nozzle 1 under the influence of the drop, the bubble wall in the molten ceramic powder is thinned, part of bubbles are broken, part of bubbles are expanded and broken in a low-pressure environment, two sides of the extrusion screw 8 are attached to the inner wall of the nozzle 1, the fallen molten ceramic powder is accumulated on the extrusion screw 8, and the situation that the molten ceramic powder falls from a gap to the nozzle to cause insufficient pressure and insufficient amount of the sprayed molten ceramic powder, and the extrusion screw 8 starts to move downwards when the load capacity exceeds twenty grams is avoided. When the weight of the molten ceramic powder falling on the extrusion screw 8 exceeds twenty grams, the extrusion screw 8 can move downwards, the spray head 1 and the material guide pipe 2 are fixedly sleeved with the electric heating pipe 9, and the bottom of the electric heating pipe 9 is fixedly sleeved with the cooling pipe 14.

The use method (working principle) of the invention is as follows:

firstly, an electric heating pipe 9 is opened by a numerical control program, then ceramic powder passes through a conveying device and is continuously input into a material guide pipe 2 under the control of the numerical control program, at the moment, the ceramic powder starts to be heated and melted, meanwhile, a first motor 3 is started under the control of the numerical control program, so that a compression screw 4 drives the melted ceramic powder to gradually move towards a spray head 1, at the moment, bubbles in the melted ceramic powder are extruded and fused, gas in the spray head 1 is heated and expanded and is discharged through a dustproof vent hole 10, so that negative pressure is formed at the top of the spray head 1, then the melted ceramic powder leaves the compression screw 4 and starts to enter the spray head 1 and falls towards an extrusion screw 8 below, and at the moment, the melted ceramic powder is stretched and the bubbles are broken;

then, when the weight of the molten ceramic powder on the extrusion screw 8 exceeds a set value, the extrusion screw 8 starts to move downwards, and when the extrusion screw 8 moves downwards and the moving block 12 passes through the induction block I13, the induction block I13 sends a signal to enable the numerical control program to start the second motor 5 to enable the extrusion screw 8 to rotate, so that the accumulated molten ceramic powder moves towards the nozzle and is extruded at the nozzle;

finally, when the finished product is about to be finished, the numerical control program controls the conveying device to stop feeding, the first motor 3 is turned off, the heat supply of the electric heating pipe 9 is stopped, the extrusion screw 8 continues to rotate to extrude the molten ceramic powder, the molten ceramic powder in the extrusion screw 8 is gradually reduced, the movable rod 7 is gradually lifted up under the action of the spring 11, the molten ceramic powder in the extrusion screw 8 continues to be lifted up after being consumed, the numerical control program turns off the second motor 5 when the movable block 12 passes through the induction block II131, the molten ceramic powder at the bottom of the spray head 1 is adsorbed by the extrusion screw 8, and then the cooling pipe 14 is turned on for cooling.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.