阅读说明：本技术 一种咬骨钳 (Rongeur ) 是由 刘希哲 刘少喻 于 2019-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种咬骨钳,其包括左钳头、右钳头、左钳柄和右钳柄,所述左钳头与所述左钳柄连接,所述右钳头与所述右钳柄连接,所述左钳柄与所述右钳柄铰接连接,所述左钳头与所述右钳头的前端分别设有侧面为“V”形的尖头部,所述尖头部的上表面和下表面之间形成15～20°的夹角,所述尖头部的轴向长度为≥12mm。制作门轴时,尖头部可使双侧门轴的深度和角度保持一致,开门角度控制在60～68°安全范围内,使骨强度能够支撑门轴,不会发生门轴断裂或位置偏移等,开门后两侧骨面能完全接触,术后门轴侧骨容易融合。术中,采用本发明的咬骨钳即可完成门轴制作,无需借助其它工具,且不同厚度的椎板均适用,降低了椎板门轴的制作难度及颈椎椎板成形术的风险。(The invention discloses rongeur which comprises a left tong head, a right tong head, a left tong handle and a right tong handle, wherein the left tong head is connected with the left tong handle, the right tong head is connected with the right tong handle, the left tong handle is hinged with the right tong handle, the front ends of the left tong head and the right tong head are respectively provided with a pointed head part with a V-shaped side surface, an included angle of 15-20 degrees is formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the pointed head part, and the axial length of the pointed head part is more than or equal to 12 mm. When the door spindle is manufactured, the pointed parts can enable the depth and the angle of the door spindles on two sides to be kept consistent, the door opening angle is controlled within a safety range of 60-68 degrees, the bone strength can support the door spindle, the door spindle cannot be broken or shifted, bone surfaces on two sides can be in complete contact after the door is opened, and the bone on the side of the door spindle after the operation is easily fused. In the operation, the rongeur can complete the manufacture of the vertebral plate door spindle without other tools, and vertebral plates with different thicknesses are all suitable, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the vertebral plate door spindle and the risk of cervical vertebra laminoplasty.)

1. The rongeur comprises a left tong head, a right tong head, a left tong handle and a right tong handle, wherein the left tong head is connected with the left tong handle, the right tong head is connected with the right tong handle, and the left tong handle is hinged with the right tong handle, and the rongeur is characterized in that the front ends of the left tong head and the right tong head are respectively provided with a pointed head part with a V-shaped side surface, an included angle of 15-20 degrees is formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the pointed head part, and the length of the pointed head part is more than or equal to 12 mm.

2. The rongeur of claim 1 wherein the upper surface of the prong portion is provided with length scales.

3. The rongeur of claim 1, wherein the front ends of the left and right bits are horizontally inclined upward by 13 to 23 °.

4. The rongeur of claim 1, wherein the inner sides of the front ends of the left and right jaws are provided with grooves.

5. The rongeur of claim 1 wherein the angle formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the tip portion is 15 ° and the length of the tip portion is 12 mm.

6. The rongeur of claim 1 wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the prong portion form an included angle of 20 ° therebetween, the prong portion having a length of 12 mm.

7. The rongeur of claim 1, wherein the left head and the left handle and the right head and the right handle are integrally or hingedly connected.

8. The rongeur of claim 1, wherein the rongeur is a bi-joint rongeur, the rear end of the left tong head is hingedly connected to the left tong handle, the rear end of the right tong head is hingedly connected to the right tong handle, and the left tong head is hingedly connected to the right tong head at a medial position.

9. The rongeur of claim 1 wherein a bracing spring is disposed between the left and right handles.

10. The rongeur of claim 1 wherein the outer side surfaces of the left and right handles are provided with anti-slip threads.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to rongeur for opening doors at two sides of a cervical vertebra plate.

Background

Cervical vertebra laminoplasty is a commonly used operation for treating cervical vertebra diseases in clinic at present. In bilateral laminoplasty, both sides of the vertebral plate are used as hinges, and the vertebral plate is cut from the center of the spinous process and the vertebral plate and turned over to separate to the sides for decompression. The method can utilize the spinous process as a bony support after opening the door, and the pressure reduction effect is relatively more complete than that of a single door.

In open-door vertebroplasty, a door shaft is made on the outside of the vertebral plate to open the vertebral plate and enlarge the volume of the vertebral canal. At present, when the door spindle is clinically manufactured, a common rongeur, an air abrasive drill or an ultrasonic osteotome is needed to make a groove on the inner side of the zygapophyseal joint on the outer side of the vertebral plate so as to manufacture the door spindle. Then, the door spindle manufactured by the tool has the following defects: 1. the depth and the angle of the portal axis cannot be controlled, so that position deviation, portal axis fracture or overlarge opening angle are easy to occur, so that the vertebral plate is not penetrated into the vertebral canal or the decompression space is insufficient, and nerve complications such as C5 nerve root paralysis and even spinal cord injury are caused. 2. The shape of the brick head of the air abrasive drill and the cutter head of the ultrasonic osteotome can not make the bone surfaces of the vertebral plates at two sides contact, so that a gap exists, the formed bone is not fused, and the bone strength is not enough to support the portal shaft.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rongeur. The rongeur has the advantages that the rongeur part is a V-shaped pointed part on the side face with a certain angle and length, the door shaft is manufactured by using the V-shaped pointed part, the depth and the angle of the door shaft can be easily mastered, the depth and the angle of the door shaft on two sides can be ensured to be consistent, the position deviation of the door shaft can be avoided, the angle is too large, or the door shaft is broken, and other conditions occur, so that the double-side vertebral plate can be uniformly and consistently propped open when the door is opened, the door opening angle is ensured to be in a safety range of 60-68 degrees, the occurrence of the nerve complications is effectively reduced, the complete contact of the bone surfaces of two sides after the door is opened is.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the rongeur comprises a left tong head, a right tong head, a left tong handle and a right tong handle, wherein the left tong head is connected with the left tong handle, the right tong head is connected with the right tong handle, the left tong handle is hinged with the right tong handle, the front ends of the left tong head and the right tong head are respectively provided with a pointed head part with a V-shaped side surface, an included angle of 15-20 degrees is formed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the pointed head part, and the length of the pointed head part is more than or equal to 12 mm.

When the door shaft is manufactured, the pointed part is a bone biting part of the rongeur. Because the horizontal included angle between the normal vertebral plate and the vertebral pedicle is 40 +/-3 degrees, and research shows that the door opening angle is a safe angle when the door opening angle is 60-68 degrees (Uematsu Y., equivalent. spine.1998, Mitsunaga LK., et al. adv Orthop.2012), the angle of the pointed part is set to be 15-20 degrees, the door opening angle can be controlled within the safe range of 60-68 degrees, the door opening angle is prevented from being too large, the bone strength is enough to support the door shafts, and the door shafts on two sides can be ensured to be consistent. And because the thickness of the vertebral plate is more than 10mm, the length of the pointed part is set to be more than or equal to 12mm, so that the angle of a bone biting part with the length of at least 12mm can be kept unchanged at 15-20 degrees on the premise of not biting the vertebral plate, and the rongeur is suitable for manufacturing door shafts of vertebral plates with different thicknesses.

Preferably, the upper surface and the lower surface of the pointed part form an included angle of 15 degrees, and the length of the pointed part is 12 mm. Preferably, the upper surface and the lower surface of the pointed part form an included angle of 20 degrees, and the length of the pointed part is 12 mm. The noses of the two specifications can meet the door opening requirements of vertebral plates with different thicknesses, and the door opening angle is in a safety range of 60-68 degrees while the depth and the angle of door shafts on the two sides are consistent.

Preferably, the upper surface of the pointed part is provided with length scales. Therefore, when the door shaft is manufactured, the depth of the door shaft can be accurately mastered.

Preferably, the front ends of the left tong head and the right tong head horizontally incline upwards by 13-23 degrees, and preferably by 18 degrees. Preferably, the length of the front end of the horizontal upward inclination angle of 13-23 degrees is 30 mm. Therefore, the back of the forceps head is an obtuse angle, the visual field is widened, the back of the sharp head part is perpendicular to the vertebral plate (namely the direction of the manufactured door shaft is perpendicular to the vertebral plate) when the door shaft is manufactured, the accuracy of door shaft dissection and door opening angle can be further ensured, and the door shaft is prevented from being too deep or too shallow.

Preferably, the inner side surfaces of the front ends of the left tong head and the right tong head are provided with grooves. When biting the bone, the groove can be used for containing the bitten bone and preventing the bone from falling into the operation position.

Preferably, the left tong head and the left tong handle, and the right tong head and the right tong handle are integrally connected or hinged. When the left forceps head, the left forceps handle, the right forceps head and the right forceps handle are connected integrally, the central axes of the left forceps head, the left forceps handle, the right forceps head and the right forceps handle are on the same horizontal plane. When the rongeur is hinged, the rongeur is a double-joint rongeur, and the central axes of the left tong head, the left tong handle, the right tong head and the right tong handle are on the same horizontal plane.

Preferably, when the rongeur is a double-joint rongeur, the rear end of the left tong head is hinged to the left tong handle, the rear end of the right tong head is hinged to the right tong handle, and the left tong head is hinged to the right tong head at the middle section.

Preferably, a support spring is arranged between the left forceps handle and the right forceps handle. Preferably, the supporting spring comprises a left supporting spring and a right supporting spring, one end of the left supporting spring is fixedly connected with the left forceps handle, the other end of the left supporting spring is hinged with the right supporting spring, one end of the right supporting spring is fixedly connected with the right forceps handle, and the other end of the right supporting spring is hinged with the left supporting spring. When the nose portion is bitten, the spring force of the supporting spring can make the nose portion open and restore to the original state.

Preferably, the outer side surfaces of the left forceps handle and the right forceps handle are provided with anti-skidding threads. The anti-slip lines can increase the friction of the clamp handle and prevent slipping.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rongeur provided by the invention is provided with the pointed part with the length of at least 12mm and the angle of 15-20 degrees, when the door spindle is manufactured, the pointed part can keep the depth and the angle of the door spindles on two sides consistent, the door opening angle is controlled within a safety range of 60-68 degrees, the bone strength can support the door spindle, adverse conditions such as door spindle fracture or position deviation cannot occur, bone surfaces on two sides can be in complete contact after the door is opened, and bones on the side of the door spindle after operation are easy to fuse. The surface of the tip part is also provided with length scales, so that a doctor can accurately master the depth of the door shaft during an operation. The 30mm level of the front end of left binding clip and right binding clip upwards slopes 13 ~ 23, makes the back of binding clip be the obtuse angle, and during the preparation door-hinge, the lower surface of point portion is perpendicular with the vertebral lamina, more can ensure the accuracy of door-hinge dissection and angle of opening the door. In the operation, the rongeur can complete the manufacture of the vertebral plate door spindle without other tools, and vertebral plates with different thicknesses are all suitable, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the vertebral plate door spindle and the risk of cervical vertebra laminoplasty.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of the double-joint rongeur of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the double-joint rongeur of this embodiment 1;

fig. 3 is a side view of the left or right jaw of the double-joint rongeur of embodiment 1.

In the figure, a left tong head 1, a right tong head 2, a left tong handle 3, a right tong handle 4, a connecting screw 5, a gill shaft screw 6, a pointed part 7, length scales 8, a groove 9, a left support spring 10, a right support spring 11 and anti-skid grains 12.

Detailed Description

To better illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only for illustrating the technical effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.