阅读说明：本技术 一种放电平稳高电流率的铝合金阳极材料及其制备方法 (Aluminum alloy anode material with stable discharge and high current rate and preparation method thereof ) 是由 孙杰 房洪杰 李永兵 朱鹏程 王春华 孙俊飞 张炜然 刘坤 刘家康 于 2021-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种放电平稳高电流率的铝合金阳极材料,由以下重量百分比的组分组成：Mg 1.0-2.0％、Sn 0.5-1.5％、Ce 0.2-0.5％、In 0.02-0.05％,其余为Al及不可避免的杂质元素。还提供了制备上述铝合金阳极材料的方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一：准确称量铝、镁、锡、铟和中间合金Al-Ce,送入预热釜中进行预热；步骤二：将铝、镁、锡、铟送入熔融釜中进行融化,融化完成后,用石墨棒进行搅拌,搅拌均匀后升温至710-790℃,加入中间合金Al-Ce,再次搅拌；步骤三：待所有金属熔化后,去除杂质,降温,静置后,浇铸到钢制模具中,得圆柱状铸造坯锭；步骤四：将铸造坯锭在540-580℃下均匀化退火,然后挤压得到铝合金阳极材料。本发明得到的铝合金阳极材料放电性能好。(The invention discloses an aluminum alloy anode material with stable discharge and high current rate, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg 1.0-2.0 wt%, Sn 0.5-1.5 wt%, Ce 0.2-0.5 wt%, In 0.02-0.05 wt%, and Al and inevitable impurity elements for the rest. Also provides a method for preparing the aluminum alloy anode material, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce, and feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating; step two: feeding aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium into a melting kettle for melting, stirring by using a graphite rod after the melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 710-; step three: after all metals are melted, removing impurities, cooling, standing, and casting into a steel mould to obtain a cylindrical casting billet; step four: and carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at the temperature of 540-580 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material. The aluminum alloy anode material obtained by the invention has good discharge performance.)

1. The aluminum alloy anode material with stable discharge and high current rate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: mg 1.0-2.0 wt%, Sn 0.5-1.5 wt%, Ce 0.2-0.5 wt%, In 0.02-0.05 wt%, and Al and inevitable impurity elements for the rest.

2. The aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as recited in claim 1, wherein: the impurities include Fe and Si.

3. The aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as recited in claim 1, wherein: the weight percentage of the impurities is not more than 0.01 percent.

4. The aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as recited in claim 1, wherein: the mass of Ce is recorded as the mass of Ce in the master alloy Al-Ce.

5. A method for producing an aluminum alloy anode material with a smooth discharge and a high current rate, characterized by producing the aluminum alloy anode material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce, and feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating;

step two: feeding aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium into a melting kettle for melting, stirring by using a graphite rod after the melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 710-;

step three: after all metals are melted, removing impurities, cooling, standing, and casting into a steel mould to obtain a cylindrical casting billet;

step four: and carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at the temperature of 540-580 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material.

6. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the purities of the aluminum, the magnesium, the tin and the indium are all more than 99.9 percent, and the purity of the intermediate alloy Al-Ce is more than 99.5 percent.

7. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle in the first step is 200-300 ℃.

8. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the aluminum alloy melt in the third step is cooled to 690-740 ℃.

9. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and preheating the mold to 300-500 ℃ during casting in the third step.

10. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preheating temperature of the extrusion die in the fourth step is 400-500 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy anode material manufacturing, in particular to an aluminum alloy anode material with stable discharge and high current rate and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The anode is an electrode connected with the anode of a power supply in an electrolytic cell, the power supply current enters the electrolytic cell through the anode along an external circuit, the electron movement direction is opposite to the current, the anode leaves the anode under the action of the external power supply and flows to the cathode through the external circuit, the aluminum alloy serving as an anode material has the characteristics of small density, large theoretical capacitance, negative potential, low polarizability and the like, the standard electrode potential is-2.37V, and can reach-2.7V in a neutral medium, so that the aluminum alloy has high specific energy, but the aluminum alloy is passivated and polarized in the working process, so that the current efficiency of the anode is reduced, the activation time is prolonged, and the discharge process is not stable, and the application of the aluminum alloy is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the defects of the prior art mentioned in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate, which consists of the following components in percentage by weight: mg 1.0-2.0 wt%, Sn 0.5-1.5 wt%, Ce 0.2-0.5 wt%, In 0.02-0.05 wt%, and Al and inevitable impurity elements for the rest.

Further, the impurities include Fe and Si.

Further, the weight percentage of the impurities is not more than 0.01%.

Further, the mass of Ce is recorded as the mass of Ce in the master alloy Al-Ce.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate, which is used to prepare the aluminum alloy anode material, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce, and feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating;

step two: feeding aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium into a melting kettle for melting, stirring by using a graphite rod after the melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 710-;

step three: after all metals are melted, removing impurities, cooling, standing, and casting into a steel mould to obtain a cylindrical casting billet;

step four: and carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at the temperature of 540-580 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material.

Furthermore, the purities of the aluminum, the magnesium, the tin and the indium are all more than 99.9%, and the purity of the intermediate alloy Al-Ce is more than 99.5%.

Further, the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle in the first step is 200-300 ℃.

Further, the temperature of the aluminum alloy melt in the third step is reduced to 690-740 ℃.

Further, the mold is preheated to 300-500 ℃ during the casting in the third step.

Further, the preheating temperature of the extrusion die in the fourth step is 400-.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention adopts the common Al, Mg and Sn to be used in combination, and simultaneously introduces Ce by adding the intermediate alloy Al-Ce, so that the content of oxide inclusions and hydrogen can be reduced, the corrosion resistance and the flame retardant property can be improved in the smelting process, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced in the production process, the fluidity of the alloy is improved, the shrinkage porosity and the hot cracking tendency of the alloy in the casting process are reduced, and meanwhile, the electrochemical activity of the alloy can be obviously improved under the synergistic action of other proper components, so that the discharge performance of the alloy is improved, and the aluminum alloy anode material can discharge stably.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing an aluminum alloy anode material with smooth discharge and high current rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a microstructure view of a cast ingot obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second phase distribution diagram of the aluminum alloy anode material obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of an aluminum alloy anode material obtained in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.

An aluminum alloy anode material with stable discharge and high current rate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: mg 1.0-2.0 wt%, Sn 0.5-1.5 wt%, Ce 0.2-0.5 wt%, In 0.02-0.05 wt%, and Al and inevitable impurity elements for the rest. The impurities comprise Fe and Si, and the weight percentage of the impurities is not more than 0.01 percent. The mass of Ce is recorded as the mass of Ce in the intermediate alloy Al-Ce, namely, Ce is completely brought in by the intermediate alloy Al-Ce, Al is partially brought in by the intermediate alloy Al-Ce, and the insufficient part is added by pure aluminum.

Example 1

The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and an intermediate alloy Al-Ce according to the mass percent of 1.0% of Mg, 0.5% of Sn, 0.2% of Ce and 0.02% of In and the balance of Al, and feeding the aluminum, the magnesium, the tin, the indium and the intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 250 ℃;

step two: feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium subjected to preheating treatment into a melting kettle for melting, stirring for 10 minutes by using a graphite rod after melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 750 ℃, adding the intermediate alloy Al-Ce subjected to preheating treatment, and stirring for 10 minutes again;

step three: removing impurities after all metals are melted, cooling to 710 ℃, standing for 10 minutes, and then casting into a steel mould, wherein the mould is preheated to 400 ℃ during casting to obtain a cylindrical casting billet;

step four: and (3) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at 560 ℃ for 20 hours to ensure that the alloy components of the casting billet are uniformly diffused at high temperature, preheating an extrusion die to 450 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material.

Example 2

The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and an intermediate alloy Al-Ce according to the mass percent of 1.5% of Mg, 1% of Sn, 0.3% of Ce and 0.03% of In and the balance of Al, and feeding the aluminum, the magnesium, the tin, the indium and the intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 250 ℃;

step two: feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium subjected to the preheating treatment into a melting kettle for melting, stirring for 10 minutes by using a graphite rod after the melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 750 ℃, adding the intermediate alloy Al-Ce subjected to the preheating treatment, and stirring for 10 minutes again;

step three: removing impurities after all metals are melted, cooling to 710 ℃, standing for 10 minutes, and then casting into a steel mould, wherein the mould is preheated to 400 ℃ during casting to obtain a cylindrical casting billet;

step four: and (3) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at 560 ℃ for 20 hours to ensure that the alloy components of the casting billet are uniformly diffused at high temperature, heating an extrusion die to 450 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material.

Example 3

The method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium and intermediate alloy Al-Ce according to the mass percent of 2.0% of Mg, 1.5% of Sn, 0.5% of Ce and 0.05% of In and the balance of Al, and feeding the aluminum, the magnesium, the tin, the indium and the intermediate alloy Al-Ce into a preheating kettle for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature of the preheating kettle is 250 ℃;

step two: feeding the aluminum, magnesium, tin and indium subjected to the preheating treatment into a melting kettle for melting, stirring for 10 minutes by using a graphite rod after the melting is finished, uniformly stirring, heating to 750 ℃, adding the intermediate alloy Al-Ce subjected to the preheating treatment, and stirring for 10 minutes again;

step three: removing impurities after all metals are melted, cooling to 710 ℃, standing for 10 minutes, and then casting into a steel mould, wherein the mould is preheated to 400 ℃ during casting to obtain a cylindrical casting billet;

step four: and (3) carrying out homogenizing annealing on the casting billet at 560 ℃ for 20 hours to ensure that the alloy components of the casting billet are uniformly diffused at high temperature, preheating an extrusion die to 450 ℃, and then extruding to obtain the aluminum alloy anode material.

Performance detection

The performance of the anode material produced by the Nanshan aluminum industry is shown in the first table:

watch 1

As can be seen from the table I, the aluminum alloy anode materials of examples 1-3 have better average potential and anode efficiency than the comparative examples at different currents, have higher electrochemical activity and discharge performance, and can discharge smoothly.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.