阅读说明：本技术 一种煤矿轻型车用模块化全浮式湿式制动驱动桥 (Modularized full-floating wet-type brake drive axle for light coal mine vehicle ) 是由 李智伟 陈贤忠 赵瑞萍 刘希望 梁志武 王俊秀 杨耀君 侯宇明 李宏伟 王连柱 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种煤矿轻型车用模块化全浮式湿式制动驱动桥,属于煤矿轻型车辆传动技术领域；该驱动桥包括：桥壳,桥壳的两端各自设有一个法兰；主减速器,可拆卸地固定在桥壳中间,主减速器的两侧分别安装有全浮式的左半轴和右半轴；轮边制动器,通过法兰固定在桥壳的两端。该结构使驱动桥改造为全浮式结构,半轴只承受扭矩不承受弯矩,桥壳承受所有受力,制动器可靠性大大提高。(The invention relates to a modularized full-floating wet type brake drive axle for a coal mine light vehicle, belonging to the technical field of coal mine light vehicle transmission; the transaxle includes: the axle housing is provided with two flanges at two ends respectively; the main speed reducer is detachably fixed in the middle of the axle housing, and both sides of the main speed reducer are respectively provided with a full-floating left half shaft and a full-floating right half shaft; and the wheel-side brake is fixed at two ends of the axle housing through flanges. The structure enables the drive axle to be transformed into a full-floating structure, the half shaft only bears torque and does not bear bending moment, the axle housing bears all stress, and the reliability of the brake is greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides a full floating wet brake transaxle of modularization for light duty car in colliery which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the axle housing (1), both ends of the axle housing (1) are equipped with a flange separately;

the main speed reducer (2) is detachably fixed in the middle of the axle housing (1), and a full-floating left half shaft (5) and a full-floating right half shaft (4) are respectively installed on two sides of the main speed reducer (2);

and the wheel-side brake (3) is fixed at two ends of the axle housing (1) through flanges.

2. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main speed reducer (2) comprises a differential case (2.10), the differential case (2.10) is provided with a planetary gear shaft (2.14), two planetary bevel gears (2.15) are mounted on the planetary gear shaft (2.14), two half shaft gears (2.16) meshed with the planetary bevel gears (2.15) are mounted between the two planetary bevel gears (2.15), and the two half shaft gears (2.16) are respectively connected with the left half shaft (5) and the right half shaft (4) through splines.

3. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the main speed reducer (2) comprises a driving bevel gear (2.1), a driven bevel gear (2.2), a tapered roller bearing I (2.3), a tapered roller bearing II (2.4) and a speed reducer shell (2.5); in the reducer shell (2.5), the shaft part of a driving bevel gear (2.1) is supported on a tapered roller bearing I (2.3) and a tapered roller bearing II (2.4), and the driving bevel gear (2.1) is meshed with a driven bevel gear (2.2); the driven bevel gear (2.2) is connected to the differential case (2.10) through a bolt, the differential case (2.10) is supported in a seat hole of the speed reducer case (2.5) through a tapered roller bearing III (2.11) and a tapered roller bearing IV (2.12), and the planetary gear shaft (2.14) is fixed in the differential case (2.10) through an elastic cylindrical pin (2.13).

4. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: forked flange (2.6) are installed to drive bevel gear axle outer end, drive bevel gear axle outer end with be equipped with first oil blanket (2.8) between speed reducer shell (2.5), dust cover (2.7) are installed in first oil blanket (2.8) outside.

5. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: an adjusting ring (2.9) is arranged between the tapered roller bearing I (2.3) and the tapered roller bearing II (2.4).

6. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wheel side brake (3) comprises a movable shell (3.1), a static shell (3.4) and a shaft tube (3.5), one end of the movable shell (3.1) is connected with the flange through a half shaft bolt (3.16), the other end of the movable shell (3.1) is connected with a powder sheet (3.14) through a spline, a floating seal installation groove is formed in the movable shell (3.1), and the movable shell (3.1) is fixed on the shaft tube (3.5) through a bearing I (3.6) and a bearing II (3.7); shaft tube (3.5) one end has the tang to be connected with quiet shell (3.4), through 4 screw-fastenings to fix through 4 reamed hole bolt (3.17) on axle housing (1).

7. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the brake device is characterized by further comprising a middle shell (3.3), a service brake piston (3.9), a parking brake piston (3.10) and a disc spring (3.11), wherein a thread buckle and a limiting opening are arranged at one end, far away from the static shell (3.4), of the shaft tube (3.5), the thread buckle is used for installing a lock nut (3.20), and the limiting opening is used for fixing a limiting check ring (3.21) and preventing the limiting check ring from rotating radially; a spline is arranged in one end of the middle shell (3.3) and used for connecting a steel sheet (3.13), the steel sheet (3.13) and the powder sheet (3.14) form a friction pair, and the service brake piston (3.9) and the parking brake piston (3.10) are connected together through an adjusting rod (3.18); a return spring (3.12) is arranged on the adjusting rod (3.18) and used for returning the service brake piston (3.9); the disc spring (3.11) is used for pushing the parking brake piston (3.9) to press the friction pair during parking brake.

8. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the sealing device further comprises an end cover (3.2), and the static shell (3.4), the middle shell (3.3) and the end cover (3.2) are respectively sealed through O-shaped rings; end cover (3.2) inside is equipped with one floating oil seal mounting groove, quiet shell (3.4) with it is equipped with floating oil seal (3.8) to move between shell (3.1), left side semi-axis right side semi-axis with be equipped with axle housing oil blanket (3.19) in the middle of axle housing (1), move shell (3.1) with bearing I (3.6) are equipped with adjustment pad (3.15), second oil blanket (3.22) are installed to the outer end of lock nut (3.20).

9. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the static shell (3.4) is provided with a ventilation plug (3.23) which is used for enabling the pressure of a gear oil cavity in the wheel side brake (3) to be the same as the atmospheric pressure; an emptying nozzle (3.24) used for emptying air of the brake cavity in the modulation process is arranged on the static shell (3.4).

10. The modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for the light coal mine vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the movable shell (1) is provided with a tire bolt (3.25) and a tire nut (3.26) for connecting a tire.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine light vehicle transmission, in particular to a modularized full-floating wet brake drive axle for a coal mine light vehicle.

Background

With the construction of modern coal mine, trackless auxiliary transportation is more and more widely used, and especially light vehicles below 3 tons are widely used for transporting personnel and materials. In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: at present, drive axles used by mining light vehicles below 3 tons are wet brake drive axles, brakes of front and rear axles are mostly hydraulic brake spring release type, a parking/emergency brake is additionally arranged between a gearbox and the rear drive axle, and a brake system is complicated in arrangement and high in cost; the drive axle used by the tonnage is basically formed by reforming the drive axle used by ground equipment, the reformed front axle is mostly of a semi-floating structure, and the semi-axle bears the torque and the bending moment, so that the reformed wet brake has the disadvantages of complex structure, difficult maintenance and lower reliability; meanwhile, when the drive axle of the explosion-proof vehicle breaks down underground, maintenance personnel are required to operate and maintain underground, the influence of underground space and environment is limited, the maintenance efficiency is low, and certain potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for a light mine vehicle, which is convenient to disassemble and maintain.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a full floating wet brake transaxle of modularization for light duty car in colliery includes: the axle housing is provided with two flanges at two ends respectively; the main speed reducer is detachably fixed in the middle of the axle housing, and both sides of the main speed reducer are respectively provided with a full-floating left half shaft and a full-floating right half shaft; and the wheel-side brake is fixed at two ends of the axle housing through flanges.

Furthermore, the main reducer comprises a differential case, the differential case is provided with a planetary gear shaft, two planetary bevel gears are mounted on the planetary gear shaft, two half axle gears meshed with the planetary bevel gears are mounted between the two planetary bevel gears, and the two half axle gears are respectively connected with the left half axle and the right half axle through splines.

Further, the main reducer comprises a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a tapered roller bearing I, a tapered roller bearing II and a reducer shell; in the reducer shell, the shaft part of the driving bevel gear is arranged on a supporting conical roller bearing I and a supporting conical roller bearing II, and the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear; the driven bevel gear is connected to the differential case through a bolt, the differential case is supported in a seat hole of the speed reducer case through a tapered roller bearing III and a tapered roller bearing IV, and the planetary gear shaft is fixed in the differential case through an elastic cylindrical pin.

Furthermore, a fork-shaped flange is installed at the outer end of the driving bevel gear shaft, a first oil seal is installed between the outer end of the driving bevel gear shaft and the reducer shell, and a dust cover is installed on the outer side of the first oil seal.

Further, an adjusting ring is arranged between the tapered roller bearing I and the tapered roller bearing II.

Furthermore, the wheel side brake comprises a movable shell, a static shell and a shaft tube, one end of the movable shell is connected with the flange through a half shaft bolt, the other end of the movable shell is connected with a powder sheet through a spline, a floating seal installation groove is formed in the movable shell, and the movable shell is fixed on the shaft tube through a bearing I and a bearing II; shaft tube one end has the tang to be connected with the quiet shell, through 4 screw fastenings to fix through 4 ream hole bolt on the axle housing.

The brake device further comprises a middle shell, a service brake piston, a parking brake piston and a disc spring, wherein a threaded buckle and a limiting opening are arranged at one end, away from the static shell, of the shaft tube, the threaded buckle is used for installing a lock nut, and the limiting opening is used for fixing a limiting check ring and preventing the limiting check ring from rotating radially; a spline is arranged in one end of the middle shell and used for connecting a steel sheet, the steel sheet and the powder sheet form a friction pair, and a service braking piston and a parking braking piston are connected together through an adjusting rod; the adjusting rod is provided with a return spring for returning the service braking piston; and the disc spring is used for pushing the parking brake piston to compress the friction pair during parking braking.

The static shell, the middle shell and the end covers are respectively sealed through O-shaped rings; the end cover is internally provided with a floating oil seal mounting groove, the static shell and the movable shell are provided with floating oil seals, the left half shaft, the right half shaft and the axle housing are provided with axle housing oil seals in the middle, the movable shell and the bearing I are provided with adjusting pads, and the outer end of the lock nut is provided with a second oil seal.

Furthermore, a ventilation plug used for enabling the pressure of a gear oil cavity in the wheel side brake to be the same as the atmospheric pressure is mounted on the static shell; and an emptying nozzle for emptying air in the brake cavity in the modulation process is arranged on the static shell.

Further, a tire bolt and a tire nut for connecting a tire are mounted on the movable shell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.

1. The invention adopts a modular design concept, mainly comprises an axle housing, a main speed reducer, a wheel-side brake, a right half shaft, a left half shaft and other modules, wherein five assemblies are respectively fixed on the axle housing, when any one part fails, one assembly can be directly disassembled to be repaired on the ground or replaced, and the repair efficiency is greatly improved.

2. The left and right wheel-side brakes are the traveling-parking integrated wet brake, the structure integrates the traditional parking/emergency brake and the service brake together, and a pair of friction plates are shared, so that the hidden danger that the traditional brake system is complex in arrangement, high in cost and prone to breakage of a transmission shaft during emergency braking is solved.

3. The axle tube and the axle tube are independently designed, and the axle tube is integrated in the brake and connected with the brake static shell, so that the brake can be independently formed into a module during assembly, and the installation and the maintenance are extremely convenient.

4. The axle tube is fixed on the axle housing through the hinge hole bolt, the movable housing is arranged on the axle tube through the bearing to form a full-floating structure, the axle housing and the axle tube bear the acting force of the ground together, and the service life of the brake is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for a light mine vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main reducer of a modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for a light mine vehicle in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel-side brake of a modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for a light mine vehicle in an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure, 1-axle housing, 2-final drive, 3-wheel brake, 4-right axle shaft, 5-left axle shaft, 2.1-drive bevel gear, 2.2-driven bevel gear, 2.3-tapered roller bearing I, 2.4-tapered roller bearing II, 2.5-reducer housing, 2.6-forked flange, 2.7-dust cover, 2.8-first oil seal, 2.9-adjusting ring, 2.10-differential housing, 2.11-tapered roller bearing III, 2.12-tapered roller bearing IV, 2.13-elastic cylindrical pin, 2.14-planetary gear shaft, 2.15-planetary bevel gear, 2.16-axle gear, 3.1-movable housing, 3.2-end cover, 3.3-middle housing, 3.4-stationary housing, 3.5-axle tube, 3.6-bearing I, 3.7-bearing II, 3.8-floating oil seal, 3.9-driving brake piston, 3.10-parking brake piston, 3.11-disc spring, 3.12-return spring, 3.13-steel sheet, 3.14-powder sheet, 3.15-adjusting pad, 3.16-half shaft bolt, 3.17-reamed hole bolt, 3.18-adjusting rod, 3.19-axle housing oil seal, 3.20-locknut, 3.21-limit retainer ring, 3.22-second oil seal, 3.23-vent plug, 3.24-emptying nozzle, 3.25-tire bolt and 3.26-tire nut.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a modular full-floating wet brake drive axle for a light vehicle for a coal mine, including: the axle housing 1, the main reducer 2 and the wheel-side brake 3, wherein two ends of the axle housing 1 and two ends of the axle housing 1 are respectively provided with a flange; the main speed reducer 2 is detachably fixed in the middle of the axle housing 1, and a full-floating left half shaft 5 and a full-floating right half shaft 4 are respectively installed on two sides of the main speed reducer 2; and the wheel-side brakes 3 are fixed at two ends of the axle housing 1 through flanges. Wherein, axle housing 1 is the welding axle housing. When any part breaks down, can directly disassemble the assembly to the ground maintenance or change the assembly can, improved maintenance efficiency greatly.

As a preferable scheme of one of the drive axles, referring to fig. 2, the final drive 2 includes a differential case 2.10, the differential case 2.10 is provided with planetary gear shafts 2.14, two planetary bevel gears 2.15 are mounted on the planetary gear shafts 2.14, two side gears 2.16 meshed with the planetary bevel gears 2.15 are mounted between the two planetary bevel gears 2.15, and the two side gears 2.16 are respectively connected with the left half shaft 5 and the right half shaft 4 through splines.

Further, the main reducer 2 also comprises a driving bevel gear 2.1, a driven bevel gear 2.2, a tapered roller bearing I2.3, a tapered roller bearing II2.4 and a reducer casing 2.5; in the reducer housing 2.5, the shaft part of the driving bevel gear 2.1 is supported on a tapered roller bearing I2.3 and a tapered roller bearing II2.4, and the driving bevel gear 2.1 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 2.2; the driven bevel gear 2.2 is connected to a differential case 2.10 through a bolt, the differential case 2.10 is supported in a seat hole of the speed reducer case 2.5 through a tapered roller bearing III2.11 and a tapered roller bearing IV2.12, and the planet gear shaft 2.14 is fixed in the differential case 2.10 through an elastic cylindrical pin 2.13.

As a possible realization mode, the outer end of the driving bevel gear shaft is provided with a fork-shaped flange 2.6, a first oil seal 2.8 is arranged between the outer end of the driving bevel gear shaft and the speed reducer shell 2.5, and the outer side of the first oil seal 2.8 is provided with a dust cover 2.7.

Advantageously, an adjusting ring 2.9 is arranged between the tapered roller bearing I2.3 and the tapered roller bearing II 2.4.

As a preferred scheme of one of the drive axles, referring to fig. 3, the wheel-side brake 3 includes a movable shell 3.1, a stationary shell 3.4 and a shaft tube 3.5, one end of the movable shell 3.1 is connected to a flange through a half-shaft bolt 3.16, the other end of the movable shell 3.1 is connected to a powder sheet 3.14 through a spline, a floating seal installation groove is formed in the movable shell 3.1, and the movable shell 3.1 is fixed on the shaft tube 3.5 through a bearing I3.6 and a bearing II 3.7; one end of the shaft tube 3.5 is provided with a spigot which is connected with the static shell 3.4 and is fastened by 4 screws, and is fixed on the axle shell 1 by 4 reamed hole bolts 3.17. The structure enables the drive axle to be transformed into a full-floating structure, the half shaft only bears torque and does not bear bending moment, the axle housing bears all stress, and the reliability of the brake is greatly improved.

Further, the drive axle further comprises a middle shell 3.3, a service brake piston 3.9, a parking brake piston 3.10 and a disc spring 3.11, wherein one end of the shaft tube 3.5, which is far away from the static shell 3.4, is provided with a thread buckle and a limiting opening, the thread buckle is used for installing a lock nut 3.20, and the limiting opening is used for fixing a limiting check ring 3.21 and preventing the limiting check ring from rotating radially; a spline is arranged in one end of the middle shell 3.3 and used for connecting the steel sheet 3.13, the steel sheet 3.13 and the powder sheet 3.14 form a friction pair, and the service brake piston 3.9 and the parking brake piston 3.10 are connected together through an adjusting rod 3.18; a return spring 3.12 is arranged on the adjusting rod 3.18 and used for returning the service brake piston 3.9; and the disc spring 3.11 is used for pushing the parking brake piston 3.9 to press the friction pair during parking brake. The structure integrates the traditional parking/emergency brake and the service brake together, and shares a pair of friction plates, thereby solving the hidden trouble that the traditional braking system is complex in arrangement, high in cost and easy to break a transmission shaft during emergency braking.

As a possible realization, the service brake piston 3.9, the parking brake piston 3.10 and the stationary housing 3.4 together form a service brake piston chamber and a parking brake piston chamber. The drive axle further comprises an end cover 3.2, and the static shell 3.4, the middle shell 3.3 and the end cover 3.2 are respectively sealed through O-shaped rings; a floating oil seal installation groove is formed in the end cover 3.2, a floating oil seal 3.8 is arranged between the static shell 3.4 and the movable shell 3.1, and gear oil between friction plates of the movable shell is not leaked in the moving process. The middle of the left half shaft, the right half shaft and the axle housing 1 is provided with an axle housing oil seal 3.19, the movable housing 3.1 and the bearing I3.6 are provided with an adjusting pad 3.15 for adjusting the clearance between the floating oil seals 3.8. The outer end of the lock nut 3.20 is provided with a second oil seal 3.22 for sealing the gear oil in the brake. The lock nut 3.20 can adjust the axial clearance between the bearing I3.6 and the bearing II3.7 and fix the movable shell 3.1, and the second oil seal 3.22 prevents the lock nut 3.20 from loosening.

Advantageously, a ventilation plug 3.23 used for enabling the pressure of a gear oil cavity in the wheel side brake 3 to be the same as the atmospheric pressure is arranged on the static shell 3.4; the static shell 3.4 is provided with an emptying nozzle 3.24 used for emptying air of the brake cavity in the modulation process.

In one embodiment, the movable shell 1 is provided with a tire bolt 3.25 and a tire nut 3.26 for connecting the tire of the explosion-proof vehicle.

The working principle of this embodiment is explained as follows: when the explosion-proof vehicle is started from a stop state, a driver operates a brake valve to enable high-pressure hydraulic oil to enter a parking brake piston cavity to push a travelling and parking piston to integrally move rightwards, a pre-compressed disc spring is further compressed, a steel sheet is separated from a powder sheet, and wheels move under the driving of a half shaft; when the vehicle is in an emergency or needs to be stopped, a driver operates a corresponding hydraulic valve to release high-pressure oil in a parking brake piston cavity, a driving piston and a parking piston move leftwards under the action of a disc spring to press a steel sheet and a powder sheet, and the vehicle is braked and stopped; when the vehicle needs to decelerate or stop in running, a driver operates a brake pedal, high-pressure hydraulic oil enters a service brake piston cavity, the service brake piston is pushed to the left side by the high-pressure hydraulic oil, the pre-compressed return spring is further compressed, the steel sheet and the powder sheet are pressed, and the vehicle decelerates or stops.

Because the main reducer is widely used in the field of drive axles, the embodiment of the invention is not repeated, and the wheel-side brake and the mounting and debugging method of the integral drive axle are mainly described. The assembling and debugging process of the wheel brake assembly comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: firstly, fixing the shaft tube on the static shell through a screw;

the second step is that: assembling the middle shell, the service brake piston and the parking brake piston together to form a service brake piston cavity and a parking brake piston cavity, and fixing the service brake piston and the parking brake piston together through an adjusting rod provided with a return spring;

the third step: respectively injecting 10MPa hydraulic oil into a service brake cavity and a parking/emergency brake piston cavity by using a pressurizing device for pressurizing, maintaining the pressure for 5 minutes, and observing whether leakage exists or not;

the fourth step: after the pressure maintaining is successful, the static shell, the disc spring and the installed middle shell are fixed together through bolts;

the fifth step: 4 reamed hole bolts are arranged on the static shell and the shaft tube;

and a sixth step: injecting high-pressure hydraulic oil into a parking brake piston cavity to enable a piston group to move rightwards, and then alternately installing steel sheets, powder sheets and end covers in sequence;

the seventh step: respectively installing floating oil seals in floating oil seal grooves of the movable shell and the end cover through special tools;

eighth step: mounting a tire bolt on a static shell, respectively mounting a bearing I and a bearing II on the static shell, and mounting the mounted static shell assembly on an axle tube, wherein the spline of the static shell is required to be completely meshed with the teeth of the powder sheet;

the ninth step: adjusting the locking nut to lock and press the bearings to prevent the two bearings from rotating, reversely rotating the locking nut by 24-38 degrees, and measuring whether the gap between the two floating oil seals is 3 +/-0.3 mm or not, if the gap does not meet the requirements through adjusting an adjusting pad between the bearing I and the static shell.

The tenth step: after the clearance of the floating oil seal is adjusted, the limit retainer ring is fixed, and finally the oil seal and the oil seal retainer ring are fixed.

The eleventh step: installing half-shaft oil seals at corresponding positions at two ends of an axle housing, smearing a certain sealant between a brake and an axle housing junction surface, and then fixing an installed brake assembly on the axle housing through 4 reamed hole bolts.

The twelfth step: respectively fixing the left half shaft and the right half shaft on the corresponding movable shells, filling 80W/90 of gear oil of a common vehicle into a low-pressure cavity of the brake, and filling a central axis into an oil surface; after the vehicle is started, the emptying nozzles of the traveling piston cavity and the parking/emergency braking piston cavity are sequentially unscrewed, and high-pressure hydraulic oil is injected by operating the corresponding valve group until high-pressure liquid is sprayed out of the corresponding emptying nozzle.

The installation and debugging sequence can be properly and flexibly adjusted.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.