阅读说明：本技术 一种用于股骨头坏死的可调式柱形取骨器 (Adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis ) 是由 沈锦涛 华茂奇 李强 武圣超 李基威 王上增 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于股骨头坏死的可调式柱形取骨器,包括环形取骨钻,所述环形取骨钻的内部套装有中空坏骨刮除杆,所述中空坏骨刮除杆的外部安装有刮骨限位盒,所述刮骨限位盒的外部分别安装有张开控制开关和调位控制开关,所述中空坏骨刮除杆的底端安装有刮骨刀,两个所述刮骨刀的顶端一角通过连接环相连接,所述刮骨刀的外部安装有调位锯齿,所述中空坏骨刮除杆的内部安装有调位齿轮,通过张开控制开关控制刮骨刀在通过环形取骨钻到达坏死区域后张开,旋转刮除坏死股骨头,再通过调位控制开关控制调位齿轮配合调位锯齿,调整刮骨刀的刮骨范围,以适应刮骨头坏死区域大小和位置的不确定,彻底、有效的清除股骨头内的死骨。(The invention discloses an adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis, which comprises an annular bone extractor, wherein a hollow bad bone scraping rod is sleeved inside the annular bone extractor, a bone scraping limiting box is installed outside the hollow bad bone scraping rod, an opening control switch and a position adjusting control switch are respectively installed outside the bone scraping limiting box, bone scrapers are installed at the bottom end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod, one corners of the top ends of the two bone scrapers are connected through a connecting ring, position adjusting sawteeth are installed outside the bone scrapers, a position adjusting gear is installed inside the hollow bad bone scraping rod, the bone scrapers are controlled by the opening control switch to open after reaching a necrosis area through the annular bone extractor, the necrotic femoral head is rotationally scraped, the position adjusting gear is controlled by the position adjusting control switch to be matched with the position adjusting sawteeth, the bone scraping range of the bone scrapers is adjusted to adapt to uncertainty of the size and the position of the necrotic area of the bone scrapers, thoroughly and effectively removes the dead bone in the femoral head.)

1. The utility model provides a cylindricality gets bone ware with adjustable be used for femoral head necrosis, gets the bone drill including the annular, and constitute the annular gets the cavity of bone drill and bores a section of thick bamboo, general rig interface, dentate general drill bit and bore the bone stopper, its characterized in that: the universal drill interface is installed at one end of the hollow drill cylinder, the toothed universal drill bit is installed at the other end of the hollow drill cylinder, the bone drilling limiting block is installed on the outer wall of the hollow drill cylinder, the bone drilling limiting block is close to the universal drill interface, a hollow bad bone scraping rod is sleeved inside the annular bone taking drill, a bone scraping limiting box is installed at one end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod close to the bone drilling limiting block, an opening control switch and a position adjusting control switch are respectively installed outside the bone scraping limiting box, the opening control switch and the position adjusting control switch are respectively located at two sides of the bone scraping limiting box, a micro position adjusting motor and a micro opening motor are installed inside the bone scraping limiting box, the micro position adjusting motor is close to the position adjusting control switch, and the micro opening motor is close to the opening control switch, the other end of the bad bone scraping rod of cavity is installed a plurality of and is scraped bone sword, two scrape the one corner that bone sword's top is close to mutually and be connected through the go-between, the internally mounted of the bad bone scraping rod of cavity has the stay cord of opening, the miniature drive shaft that opens the motor passes through open the stay cord with the go-between is connected, the externally mounted who scrapes bone sword has the dislocation sawtooth, the internally mounted that the bad bone of cavity scraped the rod has the dislocation gear, the dislocation gear is close to scrape bone sword, the bottom one side symmetry that the bad bone of cavity scraped the rod installs the grip block, two the grip block is carried two scrape bone sword.

2. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the hollow bad bone scraping rod is provided with a positioning pull rope, the inside of the hollow bad bone scraping rod is provided with a positioning rotating shaft, the outside of the positioning rotating shaft is sleeved with a positioning gear, a driving shaft of a micro positioning motor is connected with the positioning gear through the positioning pull rope, part of the positioning pull rope is wound outside the positioning gear, and the positioning gear is connected with the positioning rotating shaft through a clockwork spring.

3. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to claim 2, wherein: when the bone scraping knife is in an open state, the position adjusting gear is meshed with the position adjusting sawteeth.

4. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to claim 1, wherein: the bone scraping knife is characterized in that a sliding rail is installed at the bottom end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod, a sliding ring is installed at the other corner of the top end of the bone scraping knife, and the sliding rail is connected with the sliding ring in a sliding mode.

5. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to claim 1, wherein: the internally mounted of grip block has a section of thick bamboo that turns to, turn to a section of thick bamboo and keep away from the bad bone of cavity scrapes the pole, open the stay cord and walk around turn to a section of thick bamboo with the go-between is connected, the spout has been seted up to the inside of grip block, the internally mounted of spout has reset spring and slider, reset spring's one end with the grip block is connected, reset spring's the other end with the slider is connected, two install between the slider and open the pivot, open the pivot and pass the go-between.

6. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow bad bone scraping rod is close to one end of the bone scraping limiting box, and a low-speed motor interface is installed at one end of the bone scraping limiting box.

7. The adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the use steps are as follows:

a, operating under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, taking a longitudinal axis of a femoral shaft as a center, entering from the outer side of a greater tuberosity, locating a femoral head necrosis area at the thinnest part of cortical bone 2-3 cm below the greater tuberosity along the femoral neck direction under the perspective guidance of the X-ray machine, and forming a small bone window at the position, around the K-wire, of the cortical bone to reduce resistance for the next operation and prevent the splitting of the cortical bone;

and B: after the step A is completed, determining the position of the bone drilling limiting block according to the insertion length of a Kirschner wire, performing femoral head reaming and decompression by using the annular bone taking drill along the direction of the Kirschner wire to form a bone channel, withdrawing the annular bone taking drill, taking out fresh bone tissues in the annular bone taking drill, leaving a femoral head implanted in a subsequent treatment link by mixing with a foreign body bone, inserting the annular bone taking drill again to the edge of a necrotic area, connecting a low-speed motor interface with an external low-speed motor, inserting the hollow bad bone scraping rod into the annular bone taking drill until the bone scraping knife reaches the necrotic area, starting the low-speed motor, controlling the bone scraping knife to rotate and open gradually by the opening control switch under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, and controlling the bone scraping knife to scrape the necrotic femoral head from the femoral head by the positioning control switch;

and C: and D, after the step B is finished, taking out the hollow bad bone scraping rod, filling a cleaning solution, cleaning the scraped necrotic femoral head, and performing subsequent treatment after disinfection.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis.

Background

Femoral head necrosis is also called ischemic necrosis of femoral head, is one of the common diseases in orthopedics clinic at present, is more frequent in middle and young men of 30-50 years old, is common hip joint disease in middle and young years in the orthopedics field at present, for early femoral head necrosis patients, if treatment measures are not taken as early as possible, femoral head collapse or osteoarthritis can be caused, finally, artificial hip joint replacement has to be carried out, early minimally invasive treatment of femoral head necrosis is a current trend of femoral head necrosis treatment, for example, when femoral head necrosis is treated by existing femoral head medullary core decompression, a femoral head channel needs to be formed in the femoral head, but an opening of the femoral head channel is too small, due to the physiological anatomical characteristics of the femoral head, when the necrotic femoral head is removed, the femoral head needs to be repeated for many times and is difficult to be removed cleanly, most of the existing operating instruments for removing necrosis are fixed and expanded structures, and the structures at the head ends of the operating instruments can not be adjusted to be expanded in a large scale after passing through small femoral head channels, the area of the necrotic femoral head is uncertain, and the scraping area is far larger than the area of the necrotic femoral head to thoroughly and effectively remove the necrotic bone in the femoral head, so that the subsequent treatment difficulty is increased, the recovery of a patient is delayed, the treatment cost is increased, and the risk of healing and recovery can be increased.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides an adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis, which has the characteristic of scraping the necrotic femoral head according to the size of a femoral head necrosis area.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis comprises an annular bone extractor, a hollow drill cylinder, a universal drill interface, a toothed universal drill bit and a bone extractor limiting block, wherein the annular bone extractor, the universal drill interface, the toothed universal drill bit and the bone extractor limiting block are arranged in the annular bone extractor, the toothed universal drill bit is arranged at the other end of the hollow drill cylinder, the bone extractor limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow drill cylinder, the bone extractor limiting block is close to the universal drill interface, the annular bone extractor is sleeved with a hollow bad bone extractor rod, the hollow bad bone extractor rod is close to one end of the bone extractor limiting block and is provided with a bone scraper limiting box, the outer part of the bone scraper limiting box is respectively provided with an opening control switch and a position adjusting control switch, the opening control switch and the position adjusting control switch are respectively positioned at two sides of the bone scraper limiting box, scrape the internally mounted of the spacing box of bone and open the motor with miniature, miniature positioning motor is close to positioning control switch, miniature opening the motor and being close to open control switch, the other end that the bad bone of cavity strikes off the pole is installed a plurality of and is scraped the bone sword, two the one corner that the top of scraping the bone sword is close to mutually is connected through the go-between, the internally mounted that the bad bone of cavity strikes off the pole has the stay cord of opening, miniature opening the drive shaft of motor passes through open the stay cord with the go-between is connected, the externally mounted that scrapes the bone sword has positioning sawtooth, the internally mounted that the bad bone of cavity strikes off the pole has positioning gear, positioning gear is close to scrape the bone sword, the bottom one side symmetry that the bad bone of cavity strikes off the pole is installed the grip block, two the grip block is cliied two scrape the bone sword.

Operating under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, entering a path from the outer side of a greater tuberosity by taking a femoral shaft longitudinal axis as a center, positioning a kirschner wire to a femoral head necrosis area at the thinnest part of 2-3 cm of cortical bone below the greater tuberosity along the femoral neck direction under the perspective guidance of the X-ray machine, positioning the femoral head necrosis area to a femoral head part more than 5 mm away from femoral head subchondral bone, then opening a small bone window at the cortical bone position around the kirschner wire, determining the position of a bone drilling limiting block according to the insertion length of the kirschner wire, connecting a universal drilling machine interface with a drilling machine, performing femoral head reaming and decompression by using the annular bone taking drill along the direction of the kirschner wire to form a bone channel, withdrawing the annular bone taking drill, taking out fresh bone tissues in the annular bone taking drill, inserting the annular bone taking drill to the edge of the necrosis area again, inserting the hollow bad bone scraping rod into the annular bone taking drill until the bone scraping knife reaches the necrosis area, open low-speed motor, slowly push on one side the bad bone of cavity is scraped and is removed the pole, utilizes on one side open control switch control it is miniature open the motor rotation, the pulling open the stay cord, drive the go-between will scrape the bone sword and open and scrape the bone, scrape the complete back that opens of bone sword, utilize positioning control switch control it is rotatory that miniature positioning motor is pulled positioning gear drives positioning sawtooth makes one of them scrape the bone sword extension, under the monitoring of X-ray machine, strikes off the necrotic femoral head.

Preferably, the internally mounted that the pole was scraped to the bad bone of cavity has the positioning stay cord, the internally mounted that the pole was scraped to the bad bone of cavity has the positioning pivot, the outside cover of positioning pivot is equipped with the positioning gear, the drive shaft of miniature positioning motor passes through the positioning stay cord with the positioning gear is connected, just the winding of a part of positioning stay cord is in the outside of positioning gear, the positioning gear pass through clockwork spring with the positioning pivot is connected.

The position adjusting pull rope is pulled, the position adjusting pull rope drives the position adjusting gear to rotate, the spring is compressed, the position adjusting pull rope is loosened, the spring is recovered, the position adjusting gear rotates, a part of the position adjusting pull rope is wound outside the position adjusting gear again, and the process is repeated, so that the stretching of the bone scraping knife is completed.

Preferably, when the bone scraping knife is in an open state, the positioning gear is meshed with the positioning saw teeth, and along with the forward and reverse rotation of the positioning gear, the positioning saw teeth move back and forth to drive the bone scraping knife to stretch.

Preferably, the bottom end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod is provided with a sliding rail, the other corner of the top end of the bone scraping knife is provided with a sliding ring respectively, the sliding rail is connected with the sliding ring in a sliding manner, the sliding ring slides along the sliding rail, and the bone scraping knife cannot deviate when being closed or opened.

Preferably, the internally mounted of grip block has a section of thick bamboo that turns to, turn to a section of thick bamboo and keep away from the pole is scraped to the bad bone of cavity, open the stay cord and walk around turn to a section of thick bamboo with the go-between is connected, the spout has been seted up to the inside of grip block, the internally mounted of spout has reset spring and slider, reset spring's one end with the grip block is connected, reset spring's the other end with the slider is connected, two install between the slider and open the pivot, open the pivot and pass the go-between.

After the opening pull rope is turned by the steering cylinder, the connecting ring is pulled downwards, the bone scraping knife is gradually opened, meanwhile, the sliding block is displaced along the sliding groove, the return spring is compressed, when the bone scraping knife needs to be closed, the opening pull rope is released, the return spring recovers to support the sliding block upwards, the connecting ring is lifted upwards, and the bone scraping knife is closed.

Preferably, the hollow bad bone scraping rod is close to one end of the bone scraping limiting box is provided with a low-speed motor interface, a low-speed motor is arranged at the low-speed motor interface, and the low-speed motor is controlled to rotate positively and negatively, so that the bone scraper can scrape bones in a rotating manner.

The use steps of the adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis are as follows:

a, operating under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, taking a longitudinal axis of a femoral shaft as a center, entering from the outer side of a greater tuberosity, locating a femoral head necrosis area at the thinnest part of cortical bone 2-3 cm below the greater tuberosity along the femoral neck direction under the perspective guidance of the X-ray machine, and forming a small bone window at the position, around the K-wire, of the cortical bone to reduce resistance for the next operation and prevent the splitting of the cortical bone;

and B: after the step A is completed, determining the position of the bone drilling limiting block according to the insertion length of a Kirschner wire, performing femoral head reaming and decompression by using the annular bone taking drill along the direction of the Kirschner wire to form a bone channel, withdrawing the annular bone taking drill, taking out fresh bone tissues in the annular bone taking drill, leaving a femoral head implanted in a subsequent treatment link by mixing with a foreign body bone, inserting the annular bone taking drill again to the edge of a necrotic area, connecting a low-speed motor interface with an external low-speed motor, inserting the hollow bad bone scraping rod into the annular bone taking drill until the bone scraping knife reaches the necrotic area, starting the low-speed motor, controlling the bone scraping knife to rotate and open gradually by the opening control switch under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, and controlling the bone scraping knife to scrape the necrotic femoral head from the femoral head by the positioning control switch;

and C: and D, after the step B is finished, taking out the hollow bad bone scraping rod, filling a cleaning solution, cleaning the scraped necrotic femoral head, and performing subsequent treatment after disinfection.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the control switch that opens through the setting control scrapes the bone knife and opens after getting the bone through the annular and bore to reach the necrosis region, and the rotatory necrotic femoral head that strikes off, the gear control of the accent position control switch control of rethread setting is transferred the sawtooth in gear cooperation, and the bone scope of scraping of bone knife is adjusted to the uncertain of the regional size of bone necrosis and position is scraped in the adaptation, thoroughly, the effectual dead bone that clears away in the femoral head.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front sectional view schematically illustrating a hollow bad bone scraping bar according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an opened structure of a hollow bad bone scraping rod according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side sectional view schematically illustrating the construction of the hollow bad bone scraping bar according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of the osteotome and the attachment ring of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping plate of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the positioning gear of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. taking a bone drill in a ring shape; 11. a hollow drill cylinder; 12. a universal drill interface; 13. a toothed universal drill bit; 14. drilling a bone limiting block; 2. a hollow bad bone scraping rod; 21. a slide rail; 22. a low-speed motor interface; 3. a bone scraping limit box; 4. opening the control switch; 41. a micro opening motor; 42. stretching the pull rope; 5. a position adjusting control switch; 51. a micro positioning motor; 52. a positioning pull rope; 53. a positioning gear; 54. a clockwork spring; 55. a positioning rotating shaft; 6. a bone scraper; 61. a slip ring; 7. a connecting ring; 8. positioning the saw teeth; 9. a clamping plate; 91. a chute; 92. a steering cylinder; 93. a return spring; 94. a slider; 95. the rotating shaft is opened.

Detailed Description

The materials, methods and apparatus used in the following examples, which are not specifically illustrated, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the following description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and "upright", etc., indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the following description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the connection may be direct or indirect via an intermediate medium, and the connection may be internal to the two components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the following description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality", and "plural" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting, wherein certain elements may be omitted, enlarged or reduced in size, and are not intended to represent the actual dimensions of the product, so as to better illustrate the detailed description of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis comprises an annular bone extracting drill 1, a hollow drill cylinder 11, a universal drill interface 12, a tooth-shaped universal drill 13 and a bone drilling limiting block 14, wherein the hollow drill cylinder 11, the universal drill interface 12, the tooth-shaped universal drill 13 and the bone drilling limiting block 14 form the annular bone extracting drill 1, the tooth-shaped universal drill 13 is arranged at one end of the hollow drill cylinder 11, the bone drilling limiting block 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow drill cylinder 11, the bone drilling limiting block 14 is close to the universal drill interface 12, a hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is sleeved inside the annular bone extracting drill 1, a bone scraping limiting box 3 is arranged at one end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2, which is close to the bone drilling limiting block 14, an opening control switch 4 and a positioning control switch 5 are respectively arranged outside the bone scraping limiting box 3, the opening control switch 4 and the positioning control switch 5 are respectively positioned at two sides of the bone scraping limiting box 3, a micro positioning motor 51 and a micro opening motor 41 are arranged inside the bone scraping limiting box 3, miniature positioning motor 51 is close to positioning control switch 5, miniature opening motor 41 is close to opening control switch 4, the other end that the pole 2 was scraped to the bad bone of cavity is installed a plurality of and is scraped bone sword 6, two one corners that the top that scrape bone sword 6 is close to mutually are connected through go-between 7, the internally mounted that the pole 2 was scraped to the bad bone of cavity has an opening stay cord 42, miniature opening motor 41's drive shaft is connected with go-between 7 through opening stay cord 42, the externally mounted of scraping bone sword 6 has positioning sawtooth 8, the internally mounted that the pole 2 was scraped to the bad bone of cavity has positioning gear 53, positioning gear 53 is close to scraping bone sword 6, the bad bone of cavity is scraped the bottom one side symmetry that removes pole 2 and is installed grip block 9, two grip blocks 9 clip two and scrape bone sword 6.

In this embodiment: operating under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, entering a path from the outer side of a greater tuberosity by taking a femoral shaft longitudinal axis as a center, locating a femoral head necrosis area at the thinnest part of 2-3 cm of cortical bone below the greater tuberosity at a position 2-3 cm of the cortical bone, opening a small bone window at the position of the cortical bone around the Kirschner wire, determining the position of a bone drilling limiting block 14 according to the insertion length of the Kirschner wire, connecting a universal drilling machine interface 12 with a drilling machine, performing femoral head reaming and decompression by using an annular bone taking drill 1 along the Kirschner wire direction to form a bone channel, withdrawing the annular bone taking drill 1, taking fresh bone tissue in the annular bone taking drill 1, inserting the annular bone taking drill 1 to the edge of the necrosis area again, inserting a hollow damaged bone scraping rod 2 into the annular bone taking drill 1 until a bone scraping knife 6 reaches the necrosis area, and starting a low-speed motor, the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is slowly pushed in, the micro-opening motor 41 is controlled to rotate by the opening control switch 4, the opening pull rope 42 is pulled to drive the connecting ring 7, the bone scraping knives 6 are opened to scrape bones, after the bone scraping knives 6 are completely opened, the micro-positioning motor 51 is controlled to rotate by the positioning control switch 5, the positioning gear 53 is pulled to drive the positioning saw teeth 8, one of the bone scraping knives 6 is extended, and the necrotic femoral head is scraped under the monitoring of an X-ray machine.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, a position adjustment pulling rope 52 is installed inside the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2, a position adjustment rotating shaft 55 is installed inside the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2, a position adjustment gear 53 is sleeved outside the position adjustment rotating shaft 55, a driving shaft of the micro position adjustment motor 51 is connected with the position adjustment gear 53 through the position adjustment pulling rope 52, a part of the position adjustment pulling rope 52 is wound outside the position adjustment gear 53, the position adjustment gear 53 is connected with the position adjustment rotating shaft 55 through a clockwork spring 54, when the position adjustment pulling rope 52 is pulled, the position adjustment pulling rope 52 drives the position adjustment gear 53 to rotate, the clockwork spring 54 is compressed, the position adjustment pulling rope 52 is loosened, the clockwork spring 54 is restored, the position adjustment gear 53 rotates, and a part of the position adjustment pulling rope 52 is wound outside the position adjustment gear 53 again.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, when the bone scraping knife 6 is in the open state, the positioning gear 53 is engaged with the positioning saw teeth 8, and when the bone scraping knife is used, the positioning saw teeth 8 move back and forth along with the forward and reverse rotation of the positioning gear 53 to drive the bone scraping knife 6 to stretch.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the slide rail 21 is installed at the bottom end of the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2, the slide ring 61 is installed at the other corner of the top end of the bone scraping knife 6, the slide rail 21 is slidably connected with the slide ring 61, when in use, the slide ring 61 slides along the slide rail 21, and when the bone scraping knife 6 is closed and opened, the slide ring does not deviate.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a steering cylinder 92 is installed inside the holding plate 9, the steering cylinder 92 is far away from the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2, the opening pull rope 42 bypasses the steering cylinder 92 to be connected with the connecting ring 7, a sliding groove 91 is formed inside the holding plate 9, a return spring 93 and a sliding block 94 are installed inside the sliding groove 91, one end of the return spring 93 is connected with the holding plate 9, the other end of the return spring 93 is connected with the sliding block 94, an opening rotating shaft 95 is installed between the two sliding blocks 94, the opening rotating shaft 95 penetrates through the connecting ring 7, when in use, the opening pull rope 42 turns through the steering cylinder 92 to pull the connecting ring 7 downwards, the bone scraping knife 6 gradually opens, meanwhile, the sliding block 94 displaces along the sliding groove 91, the return spring 93 is compressed, when the bone scraping knife 6 needs to be closed, the opening pull rope 42 is released, the return spring 93 recovers, the sliding block 94 is upwards supported, the connecting ring 7 is upwards lifted, the osteotome 6 is closed.

In this embodiment, like fig. 2, the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is close to the one end of scraping the spacing box 3 of bone and is installed low-speed motor interface 22, during the use, installs low-speed motor in low-speed motor interface 22 department, and control low-speed motor is just reversing, makes the rotatory bone of scraping of bone scraper 6.

In this embodiment, the adjustable cylindrical bone extractor for femoral head necrosis comprises the following steps:

a, operating under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, taking a longitudinal axis of a femoral shaft as a center, entering from the outer side of a greater tuberosity, locating a femoral head necrosis area at the thinnest part of cortical bone 2-3 cm below the greater tuberosity along the femoral neck direction under the perspective guidance of the X-ray machine, and forming a small bone window at the position, around the K-wire, of the cortical bone to reduce resistance for the next operation and prevent the splitting of the cortical bone;

and B: after the step A is finished, the position of a bone drilling limiting block 14 is determined according to the insertion length of a Kirschner wire, femoral head reaming and decompression are carried out on the annular bone taking drill 1 along the direction of the Kirschner wire to form a bone channel, the annular bone taking drill 1 is withdrawn, fresh bone tissues in the annular bone taking drill 1 are taken out, the annular bone taking drill 1 and the allogeneic bone are mixed and implanted into femoral heads in a subsequent treatment link, the annular bone taking drill 1 is inserted again to the edge of a necrotic area, a low-speed motor interface 22 is connected with an external low-speed motor, a hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is inserted into the annular bone taking drill 1 until a bone scraping knife 6 reaches the necrotic area, the low-speed motor is started, the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is slowly pushed in under the monitoring of an X-ray machine, the miniature opening motor 41 is controlled to rotate by an opening control switch 4, an opening pull rope 42 is pulled, the connecting ring 7 is pulled downwards after the opening pull rope 42 turns through a turning cylinder 92, and at the same time, the slide block 94 moves along the slide groove 91, the return spring 93 is compressed, the bone scrapers 6 are gradually opened, the slide ring 61 slides along the slide rail 21, the bone scrapers 6 are prevented from deviating, the necrotic femoral head is scraped from the femoral head, then, the necrotic area condition is observed through an X-ray machine, the position adjusting control switch 5 is used for controlling the rotation of the miniature position adjusting motor 51, the position adjusting pull rope 52 is pulled, the position adjusting pull rope 52 drives the position adjusting gear 53 to rotate, the clockwork spring 54 is compressed, at the moment, the position adjusting gear 53 is meshed with the position adjusting sawteeth 8, the position adjusting sawteeth 8 move, one of the bone scrapers 6 is controlled to extend, and the necrotic femoral head is scraped under the monitoring of the X-ray machine;

and C: after the step B is completed, after scraping is completed, the positioning pull rope 52 is loosened, the clockwork spring 54 is restored, the positioning gear 53 rotates, the positioning saw teeth 8 move back, a part of the positioning pull rope 52 is wound outside the positioning gear 53 again, the opening pull rope 42 is loosened, the reset spring 93 is restored, the sliding block 94 is upwards supported, the connecting ring 7 is upwards lifted, the bone scraping knife 6 is closed, the hollow bad bone scraping rod 2 is taken out, cleaning liquid is filled, the scraped necrotic femoral head is cleaned, and subsequent treatment is performed after disinfection.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.