阅读说明：本技术 一种两轮电动车的电池组保护方法及保护电路 (Battery pack protection method and protection circuit of two-wheeled electric vehicle ) 是由 谢曙光 曹长河 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于电池保护技术领域,提供了一种两轮电动车的电池组保护方法,包括步骤：S1、获取电池组接入信号；S2、调节过流保护阈值,使保护模块切断驱动模块的动作；S3、通过延时的方式恢复过流保护阈值；S4、在恢复至预设过流保护阈值的同时,由控制模块发送指令经保护模块后控制驱动模块进行电池组的充放电动作。本发明还提供了一种两轮电动车的电池组保护电路,本发明的优点在于通过在控制芯片内增加相应的电池组保护算法,从而替代了现有技术中的吸收回路,既避免了打火现象的产生,也能够使得电路的稳定性更好,且增加整体电路的使用寿命。(The invention belongs to the technical field of battery protection, and provides a battery pack protection method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring a battery pack access signal; s2, adjusting an overcurrent protection threshold value to enable the protection module to cut off the action of the drive module; s3, restoring the overcurrent protection threshold value in a time delay mode; and S4, when the overcurrent protection threshold is restored to the preset value, the control module sends an instruction to control the drive module to carry out charging and discharging actions of the battery pack after passing through the protection module. The invention also provides a battery pack protection circuit of the two-wheeled electric vehicle, and the battery pack protection circuit has the advantages that a corresponding battery pack protection algorithm is added in the control chip, so that an absorption loop in the prior art is replaced, the ignition phenomenon is avoided, the stability of the circuit is better, and the service life of the whole circuit is prolonged.)

1. A battery pack protection method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, comprising the steps of:

s1, acquiring a battery pack access signal;

s2, adjusting an overcurrent protection threshold value to enable the protection module to cut off the action of the drive module;

s3, restoring the overcurrent protection threshold value in a time delay mode;

and S4, when the overcurrent protection threshold is restored to the preset value, the control module sends an instruction to control the drive module to carry out charging and discharging actions of the battery pack after passing through the protection module.

2. A battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, based on the battery pack protection method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle of claim 1, comprising:

a drive module;

the control module is used for sending a preset instruction to the protection module;

and the protection module is used for acquiring voltage and current data of the battery pack and sending a corresponding instruction to the driving module, so that the driving module starts charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack and controls the lithium battery pack.

3. A battery protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle as set forth in claim 2, wherein said control module includes:

the control chip is internally provided with the battery pack protection method;

and the storage unit is connected with the control chip and used for storing the voltage and current data of the battery pack acquired by the protection module.

4. The battery pack protection circuit of a two-wheeled electric vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein a voltage acquisition chip is disposed in the protection module, a thirty-first pin of the voltage acquisition chip is connected to an eleventh pin of the control chip, a thirty-second pin of the voltage acquisition chip is connected to a tenth pin of the control chip, and the third pin to the eleventh pin of the voltage acquisition chip are connected to the battery pack through an interface.

5. The battery pack protection circuit for two-wheeled electric vehicles as claimed in claim 4, wherein the voltage acquisition chip is of type ML 5238.

6. The battery pack protection circuit of a two-wheeled electric vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving module comprises a power loop unit and a driving unit, the power loop unit is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage acquisition chip, and the driving unit is connected with the power loop unit.

7. The battery pack protection circuit for two-wheeled electric vehicles according to claim 6, wherein the power circuit unit comprises a capacitor C52, a zener diode D10, a resistor R87, a MOS transistor Q18, a resistor R88, a resistor R89, a resistor R90, a resistor R37 and a MOS transistor Q19;

the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q18, the capacitor C2 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the resistor R87 is also connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R88, the drain of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the source of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the driving unit, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the control chip through the resistor R18, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R90, and the end of the resistor R90 connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 is grounded.

8. The battery pack protection circuit of a two-wheeled electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, comprising a communication module connected to the control module and capable of sending battery pack voltage and current data obtained by the protection module and processed by the control module to the monitoring device.

9. A battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle as recited in claim 2, including a power module for converting the electrical energy in the battery pack to a voltage level required by the control module and the protection module.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a battery pack protection method and a battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle.

Background

At present, batteries in the electric two-wheeled vehicle industry are divided into two types, one type is a pure hardware protection board (namely a special protection board is adopted) which does not relate to software control, the protection board of the type does not have the function of preventing sparking, because an electric vehicle controller has a large input capacitor, when a battery pack is connected with the electric vehicle controller, the battery pack carries out large-current discharging to the input capacitor of the electric vehicle controller to cause contact sparking, the contact sparking is caused after a long time, poor contact of interface metal oxidation is caused, the connector is damaged, and serious heating and sparking are caused due to the increase of contact resistance when the contact resistance is serious. The other type is an intelligent protection board (an MCU singlechip is added for intelligent control), the part of the intelligent protection board is provided with an anti-ignition circuit, namely, the anti-ignition circuit is connected with a discharge circuit in parallel and is provided with an absorption circuit, a power current-limiting resistor is adopted to limit large current during access, the defect is that the cost of components is added, in addition, the additionally added power current-limiting resistor is easy to generate heat, the stability of a peripheral circuit is influenced, and the service life of the whole circuit is greatly shortened due to the heat generation and aging of the power current-limiting resistor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a battery pack protection method and a battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, which are used for solving the problem of spark prevention of the two-wheeled electric vehicle.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a battery pack protection method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle includes the steps of:

s1, acquiring a battery pack access signal;

s2, adjusting an overcurrent protection threshold value to enable the protection module to cut off the action of the drive module;

s3, restoring the overcurrent protection threshold value in a time delay mode;

and S4, when the overcurrent protection threshold is restored to the preset value, the control module sends an instruction to control the drive module to carry out charging and discharging actions of the battery pack after passing through the protection module.

A battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, comprising:

a drive module;

the control module is used for sending a preset instruction to the protection module;

and the protection module is used for acquiring voltage and current data of the battery pack and sending a corresponding instruction to the driving module, so that the driving module starts charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack and controls the lithium battery pack.

Further, the control module includes:

the control chip is internally provided with the battery pack protection method;

and the storage unit is connected with the control chip and used for storing the voltage and current data of the battery pack acquired by the protection module.

Furthermore, a voltage acquisition chip is arranged in the protection module, a thirty-first pin of the voltage acquisition chip is connected with an eleventh pin of the control chip, a thirty-second pin of the voltage acquisition chip is connected with a tenth pin of the control chip, and the third pin to the eleventh pin of the voltage acquisition chip are connected with the battery pack through interfaces.

Further, the model of the voltage acquisition chip is ML 5238.

Furthermore, the driving module comprises a power loop unit and a driving unit, the power loop unit is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage acquisition chip, and the driving unit is connected with the power loop unit.

Further, the power circuit unit comprises a capacitor C52, a zener diode D10, a resistor R87, a MOS transistor Q18, a resistor R88, a resistor R89, a resistor R90, a resistor R37, and a MOS transistor Q19;

the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q18, the capacitor C2 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the resistor R87 is also connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R88, the drain of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the source of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the driving unit, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the control chip through the resistor R18, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R90, and the end of the resistor R90 connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 is grounded.

Furthermore, the monitoring device comprises a communication module which is connected with the control module and can send the battery pack voltage and current data which are acquired by the protection module and processed by the control module to the monitoring device.

Further, the protection device comprises a power supply module which is used for converting electric energy in the battery pack into voltage values required by the control module and the protection module.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:

(1) by adding the corresponding battery pack protection algorithm in the control chip, an absorption loop in the prior art is replaced, the ignition phenomenon is avoided, the stability of the circuit is better, and the service life of the whole circuit is prolonged;

(2) the intelligent protection board realizes the function of preventing sparking under the condition of not increasing current-limiting loop elements, reduces the cost and ensures that the system is more reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art intelligent protection board;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a protection circuit based on a battery pack protection method according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of a battery pack protection method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a control module in the protection circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a protection module in the protection circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a driving module in the protection circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a communication module in the protection circuit of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a power module in the protection circuit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, to prevent the occurrence of the arcing phenomenon, a current-limiting power loop is connected in parallel to two sides of the discharge driving switch, and the current-limiting power loop mainly limits a large current during the connection through a power current-limiting resistor in the current-limiting power loop to prevent the occurrence of the arcing phenomenon.

On the basis of the prior art, the power current-limiting resistor is additionally added, so that the stability of a peripheral circuit is influenced, the service life of the whole circuit is greatly shortened due to heating and aging of the power current-limiting resistor, and the like, and corresponding improvement is made.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the battery pack protection circuit for a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to the present invention includes: the driving module is used for sending a preset instruction to the control module of the protection module and is used for acquiring voltage and current data of the battery pack and sending a corresponding instruction to the driving module, so that the driving module is used for carrying out charging and discharging starting and control work on the lithium battery pack.

The invention reduces the current-limiting power loop in the prior art, and adds a corresponding battery pack protection algorithm in the control module, thereby not only avoiding the occurrence of the ignition phenomenon, but also ensuring that the stability of the circuit is better and prolonging the service life of the whole circuit.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the battery pack protection method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to the present invention includes the steps of:

s1, acquiring a battery pack access signal;

s2, adjusting an overcurrent protection threshold value to enable the protection module to cut off the action of the drive module;

s3, restoring the overcurrent protection threshold value in a time delay mode;

and S4, when the overcurrent protection threshold is restored to the preset value, the control module sends an instruction to control the drive module to carry out charging and discharging actions of the battery pack after passing through the protection module.

The invention adds a corresponding algorithm for preventing sparking on the existing battery management algorithm, clamps the overcurrent protection current threshold value at us level by dynamically adjusting the overcurrent protection threshold value, when a battery pack is connected into an electric control, because the charging of an electric control input capacitor triggers the first overcurrent protection, the sparking phenomenon cannot be generated because the turn-off time is very short, then adopts time delay recovery, adjusts and prolongs the protection time after the recovery, and at the moment, the electric control input capacitor is continuously charged, and because the contact of a connector is completely contacted, the sparking phenomenon cannot be generated any more.

The invention avoids the occurrence of the ignition phenomenon by combining the adjustment of the overcurrent protection threshold value without adding any additional circuit, reduces the cost of components and parts and also ensures that each circuit in the system is more stable.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the control module of the present invention includes a control chip U10 and a storage unit connected to the control chip.

The control chip U10 selects a single chip microcomputer chip with the model number of STM32L151C8T6, the battery pack protection method is arranged in the control chip U10, the storage unit can store voltage and current data of the battery pack acquired by the protection module, and the storage unit selects a storage chip with the model number of AT24C 512.

The protection module is internally provided with a voltage acquisition chip U3 with the model number of ML5238, a thirty-first pin of the voltage acquisition chip U3 is connected with an eleventh pin of the control chip U10, a thirty-second pin of the voltage acquisition chip U3 is connected with a tenth pin of the control chip U10, and third to eleventh pins of the voltage acquisition chip U3 are connected with a battery pack through interfaces.

The voltage acquisition chip U3 acquires voltage and current data of the battery pack through a third pin to an eleventh pin and sends the acquired voltage and current data to a tenth pin and an eleventh pin of the control chip U10 through the thirty-first pin and the thirty-second pin; when the command signal between the voltage acquisition chip U3 and the control chip U10 is transmitted, the command signal passes through I²And C, the signals are transmitted between the forty-fifth pin and the forty-sixth pin of the control chip U10 and the thirty-fifth pin and the thirty-sixth pin of the voltage acquisition chip U3.

As shown in fig. 6, the driving module includes a power loop unit and a driving unit, the power loop unit is connected to the twenty-third pin of the voltage acquisition chip, and the driving unit is connected to the power loop unit.

The power loop unit comprises a capacitor C52, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, a resistor R87, a MOS tube Q18, a resistor R88, a resistor R89, a resistor R90, a resistor R37 and a MOS tube Q19.

The negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the gate of the MOS tube Q18, the capacitor C2 is connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the resistor R87 is also connected with the two ends of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 in parallel, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R88, the drain of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the twenty-third pin of the voltage collecting chip, the source of the MOS tube Q18 is connected with the driving unit, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the twenty-fifth pin of the control chip through the resistor R18, the gate of the MOS tube Q19 is connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 through the resistor R90, and the end of the resistor R90 connected with the source of the MOS tube Q19 is grounded.

In the power loop unit, when the battery is assembled, the power acquisition chip U3 is powered on to operate, and the twenty-third pin outputs a high level signal. Meanwhile, when the control chip U10 receives the battery pack access signal, the battery pack protection algorithm is started internally, and a twenty-fifth pin outputs a high-level signal, so that the MOS transistor Q19 is turned on, and the MOS transistor Q18 is turned off, and the driving unit cannot receive the signal to drive the battery pack to discharge.

After the internal algorithm is finished, the control chip U10 outputs a low level signal through the twenty-fifth pin, so that the MOS tube Q19 is turned off, the MOS tube Q18 is turned on, the driving unit can start the work of discharge driving, and the ignition phenomenon is avoided.

The driving unit comprises a plurality of MOS switching tubes which are connected in parallel, and the discharging process of the battery pack is started through the plurality of MOS switching tubes which are connected in parallel, so that the conduction requirement of large current output by the battery pack is met.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the present invention further includes a communication module connected to the control module, and configured to send the battery voltage and current data obtained by the protection module and processed by the control module to the monitoring device.

According to the invention, the communication transmission of the voltage and current data of the battery pack can be carried out in real time in an RS485 transmission mode, so that a user can better obtain the current battery pack data information.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the present invention is further provided with a power supply module for converting the electric energy in the battery pack into the voltage values required by the control module and the protection module.

According to the invention, the voltage in the battery pack is converted into 5V voltage through the switching power supply chip, the 5V voltage is used for supplying power to the communication module, meanwhile, the 5V voltage is reduced to 3.3V voltage through the voltage reduction chip U13, and the 3.3V voltage is used for supplying power to the control chip U10, the storage unit and the like.

According to the invention, the corresponding battery pack protection algorithm is added in the control chip, so that an absorption loop in the prior art is replaced, the ignition phenomenon is avoided, the stability of the circuit is better, and the service life of the whole circuit is prolonged.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.