阅读说明：本技术 高比例协同循环利用含铁金属物料废钢预热方法 (Preheating method for high-proportion cooperative recycling of scrap steel of ferrous metal material ) 是由 邢奕 万光辉 苏伟 张杰文 苏福永 高晓莎 陆云生 万光耀 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高比例协同循环利用含铁金属物料废钢预热方法,它涉及废钢预热技术领域。将废钢装入生产线,并输送至预热段水冷料槽中进行加热,转炉煤气与助燃风在烧嘴处混合,点燃煤气对废钢进行预热,开启高效负压燃烧系统,使高温废烟气通过热交换机降温,最后并入钢厂除尘系统；待预热至要求温度后,启动输送系统,将废钢输送至出料口,卸入废钢斗,轨道衡称重计量后,由运输轨道车将盛满热废钢的废钢斗运输至指定工位,由起重机吊运至转炉平台,卸入各转炉。本发明实现一对多供应预热废钢料,连续生产、产量高,生产灵活,设备和能源利用效率高,系统性能稳定、预热效果良好,节能环保,经济社会效益显著,应用前景广阔。(The invention discloses a method for preheating scrap steel of a high-proportion synergic recycling iron-containing metal material, and relates to the technical field of scrap steel preheating. Loading the scrap steel into a production line, conveying the scrap steel into a water-cooling trough at a preheating section for heating, mixing converter gas and combustion-supporting air at a burner, igniting the gas to preheat the scrap steel, starting a high-efficiency negative-pressure combustion system, cooling high-temperature waste flue gas through a heat exchanger, and finally merging the waste flue gas into a dedusting system of a steel mill; after the waste steel is preheated to the required temperature, a conveying system is started, the waste steel is conveyed to a discharge port and is discharged into a waste steel hopper, the waste steel hopper filled with hot waste steel is conveyed to a designated station by a conveying rail car after the rail weigher is weighed and metered, and the waste steel hopper is hoisted to a converter platform by a crane and is discharged into each converter. The invention realizes one-to-many supply of preheated scrap steel, continuous production, high yield, flexible production, high utilization efficiency of equipment and energy, stable system performance, good preheating effect, energy conservation, environmental protection, remarkable economic and social benefits and wide application prospect.)

1. The preheating method for the high-proportion cooperative recycling of the scrap steel of the ferrous metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

preparing raw materials: the method is arranged according to a double-feeding process route, wherein a feeding chain plate machine (2) is arranged on one side of a scrap steel room (1) in a first feeding route, and scrap steel of different types is loaded into a production line through an electromagnetic chuck and a grab bucket crane (3) in a second feeding route;

② a feeding section (A): the feeding section meets the requirement of raw material preparation of two batches, scrap steel is uniformly and slowly conveyed into a water-cooling trough of a preheating section through a vibrator arranged at the tail part of the production line to be heated, the conveying is stopped after the scrap steel is conveyed to the preheating section (B), and a preheating system is started to preheat the scrap steel;

③ preheating section (B): conveying converter gas for preheating to a burner arranged at the top of the preheating section through a pipeline, mixing the converter gas with preheated combustion-supporting air at the burner, and igniting the gas by using an electronic igniter to preheat the scrap steel; when the waste steel is preheated, the high-efficiency negative pressure combustion system is started, so that the high-temperature waste flue gas is cooled through the heat exchanger (4), and finally is merged into a dedusting system of a steel mill, and is purified through the flue gas purification equipment (5) and then discharged into the atmosphere;

(iv) a discharge section (C): the hot scrap steel is unloaded and is transported and adopt two side ejection of compact, be provided with transport railcar (6) of two rails and transport scrap steel fill (9), install the track scale on the rail, when connecing the material, scrap steel fill (9) are opened to the discharge opening below of preheating section (B) through transport railcar (6), wait to preheat to the required temperature after, start conveying system, carry the scrap steel to the discharge gate, unload scrap steel fill (9), after the track scale weighing measurement, waste steel fill (9) that will contain hot scrap steel are transported to appointed station by transport railcar (6), by hoist (7) handling to converter platform, unload each converter (8).

2. The method for preheating scrap steel containing ferrous metal materials in high proportion and cyclic utilization according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic chuck and grab crane (3) loads the scrap steel from the scrap steel distribution center on-board a scrap steel car (10) or from a storage pit (11) at the tail of the preheating production line into the production line.

3. The method for preheating the scrap steel of the high-proportion cooperative recycling ferrous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the feeding section (A) is provided with a material blocking skirt edge, and the material blocking skirt edge prevents the scrap steel from falling off when the scrap steel is conveyed to the position above the material groove of the feeding section.

4. The method for preheating the scrap steel containing the ferrous metal materials in the high-proportion cooperative recycling manner according to claim 1, wherein the preheating section (B) cools the trough by cooling circulating water, sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by heating is utilized in a stepped manner, sensible heat at a temperature of more than 500 ℃ preheats combustion-supporting air by a heat exchanger (4), sensible heat at a temperature of 200 ℃ and 500 ℃ is rapidly cooled to a temperature of below 150 ℃ by a quenching tower (12), and generation of dioxin is prevented.

5. The method for preheating the scrap steel with high proportion and synergistic recycling of iron-containing metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the preheating section (B) adopts a tunnel-shaped channel with a square heat-insulating cover at the top, a burner is arranged above the heat-insulating cover, the burner is an internal mixing type high-speed burner, a heating source is arranged at the upper part of the tunnel, the fuel adopts converter gas, and the flame direction is downward, so that the waste steel can be rapidly heated.

6. The method for preheating scrap steel with high proportion and synergistic recycling of iron-containing metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the burner is provided with converter gas and combustion-supporting air in proportion, and actuators for adjusting combustion control are respectively installed on the combustion-supporting air duct and the gas pipeline.

7. The high-proportion waste steel preheating method for the cooperative recycling of the ferrous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the feeding section (A) is provided with a dust removal hood at the discharge end of the tail vibrator, and the dust removal hood is connected to a dust removal system of a steel mill.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of scrap steel preheating, in particular to a method for preheating scrap steel by utilizing ferrous metal materials in a high-proportion synergistic and cyclic mode.

Background

The scrap steel preheating technology is widely and remotely applied to electric furnace steelmaking, the scrap steel preheating is necessary for saving iron, increasing steel and reducing carbon emission under the condition that iron does not protect steel, the steelmaking scrap steel ratio is improved, the environmental protection cost and the raw material cost are reduced, cost reduction and efficiency improvement of iron and steel enterprises are facilitated, and the scrap steel preheating technology is divided from an equipment structure form and can be divided into an integral type and a separated type.

The integral scrap steel preheating equipment is connected with an electric furnace, and the common modes comprise a shaft furnace method, a double-shell type, a Consteel continuous feeding type and the like. The integral scrap steel preheating equipment is suitable for the production organization mode of an electric furnace, has the advantages of continuous production, large heating quantity, high equipment utilization rate and energy utilization rate, environmental protection and the like, but has the defects of large one-time investment, one-to-one production and inflexibility.

The separated waste steel preheating equipment is separated from the furnace body, and is completely heated by an external energy supply source, and common separated waste steel preheating equipment has modes of basket type, ladle baking type, waste steel tank baking type and the like. The separated scrap steel preheating equipment has flexible production organization, can realize one-to-many production, but has the defects of low yield, low baking temperature, local heating, insufficient baking, low energy and equipment utilization efficiency, larger environmental pollution and the like.

In order to solve the problems, it is particularly necessary to develop a preheating method for high-proportion cooperative recycling of scrap steel of ferrous metal materials.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the scrap steel preheating method for the high-proportion cooperative recycling of the ferrous metal material, which is simple and convenient to operate, continuous in production, high in yield, high in equipment and energy utilization efficiency, flexible in production, energy-saving, environment-friendly and easy to popularize and use, and realizes one-to-many supply of preheated scrap steel materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preheating method for high-proportion cooperative recycling of scrap steel of ferrous metal materials comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing raw materials: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of arranging according to a double-feeding process route, wherein a first feeding route is provided with a feeding chain plate machine on one side of a scrap steel room, and a second feeding route is used for loading scrap steel of different material types into a production line through an electromagnetic chuck and a grab bucket crane;

(2) a feeding section: the feeding section meets the requirement of raw material preparation of two batches, scrap steel is uniformly and slowly conveyed into a water-cooling trough of a preheating section through a vibrator arranged at the tail part of the production line to be heated, the conveying is stopped after the scrap steel is conveyed to the preheating section, and a preheating system is started to preheat the scrap steel;

(3) a preheating section: conveying converter gas for preheating to a burner arranged at the top of the preheating section through a pipeline, mixing the converter gas with preheated combustion-supporting air at the burner, and igniting the gas by using an electronic igniter to preheat the scrap steel; when the waste steel is preheated, the high-efficiency negative pressure combustion system is started, so that the high-temperature waste flue gas is cooled through the heat exchanger, and finally is merged into the dedusting system of a steel mill, and is purified through flue gas purification equipment and then discharged into the atmosphere;

(4) a discharging section: the hot scrap steel is unloaded and transported and adopts two side ejection of compact, is provided with the transportation railcar of two rails and transportation steel scrap hopper, installs the track scale on the rail, when connecing the material, the steel scrap hopper is driven to the discharge opening below of preheating the section through the transportation railcar, wait to preheat to the required temperature after, start conveying system, carry the steel scrap to the discharge gate, unload into the steel scrap hopper, after the weighing and metering of track scale, the steel scrap hopper that will contain hot scrap steel is transported to appointed station by the transportation railcar, is hoisted by the hoist and transports to the converter platform, unloads into each converter.

Preferably, the electromagnetic chuck and the grab crane are used for loading vehicle-mounted steel scraps from a steel scrap vehicle of a steel scrap distribution center or steel scraps in a storage pit at the tail part of a preheating production line into the production line, and the electromagnetic chuck and the grab crane meet the requirement that the steel scraps of different material types are added simultaneously.

Preferably, the feeding section is provided with a material blocking skirt edge, and when the scrap steel is conveyed to the position above the material groove of the feeding section, the material blocking skirt edge can prevent the scrap steel from falling; the feeding section is provided with a dust removal smoke hood at the discharge end of the tail vibrator, and the dust removal smoke hood is connected into a dust removal system of a steel mill.

Preferably, the preheating section adopts cooling circulating water to cool the material tank, sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by heating is utilized in a stepped manner, sensible heat of high temperature above 500 ℃ preheats combustion-supporting air through a heat exchanger, sensible heat of 200-.

Preferably, the preheating section adopts a tunnel-shaped channel with a square heat-insulating cover at the top, a burner is arranged above the heat-insulating cover and is an internal mixing type high-speed burner, a heating source is arranged at the upper part of the tunnel, converter gas is used as fuel, the flame direction is downward, the waste steel is favorably and rapidly heated, the burner is proportionally provided with the converter gas and combustion-supporting air, actuators are arranged on a combustion-supporting air duct and a gas pipeline to adjust combustion control, and therefore accurate temperature control and energy-saving effect are achieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple and convenient to operate, realizes one-to-many supply of the preheated scrap steel, has the advantages of continuous production, high yield, production efficiency improvement, high equipment and energy utilization efficiency, flexible production, stable system performance, good preheating effect, energy conservation, environmental protection, remarkable economic and social benefits, accordance with the national industrial development policy and planning requirements and wide application prospect.

Drawings

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: a preheating method for high-proportion cooperative recycling of scrap steel of ferrous metal materials comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing raw materials: the method is arranged according to a double-feeding process route, wherein a feeding chain plate machine 2 is arranged on one side of a scrap steel room 1 in a first feeding route, scrap steel is fed into a production line through an electromagnetic chuck and a grab bucket crane 3 in a second feeding route, the electromagnetic chuck and the grab bucket crane 3 meet the requirement that the scrap steel of different types is fed simultaneously, and the production line comprises vehicle-mounted scrap steel from a scrap steel distribution center scrap steel vehicle 10 or the scrap steel in a tail storage pit 11 of a preheating production line.

(2) A feeding section A: the feeding section meets the requirement of raw material preparation of two batches, scrap steel is uniformly and slowly conveyed into a water-cooling trough of a preheating section for heating through a vibrator arranged at the tail part of the production line, the conveying is stopped after the scrap steel is conveyed to a preheating section B, and a preheating system is started to preheat the scrap steel;

(3) a preheating section B: conveying converter gas for preheating to a burner arranged at the top of the preheating section through a pipeline, mixing the converter gas with preheated combustion-supporting air at the burner, and igniting the gas by using an electronic igniter to preheat the scrap steel; when the waste steel is preheated, the high-efficiency negative pressure combustion system is started, so that the high-temperature waste flue gas is cooled through the heat exchanger 4, and finally is merged into a dedusting system of a steel mill, and is purified through the flue gas purification equipment 5 and then discharged into the atmosphere;

(4) a discharging section C: the hot scrap steel is unloaded and transported and adopts two side ejection of compact, is provided with two rails and transports transportation railcar 6 of scrap steel fill 9, installs the track scale on the rail, when connecing the material, scrap steel fill 9 is opened to the discharge opening below of preheating section B through transportation railcar 6, after waiting to preheat to the required temperature, starts conveying system, carries the scrap steel to the discharge gate, unloads into scrap steel fill 9, after the weighing and metering of track scale, transport scrap steel fill 9 that will contain hot scrap steel to appointed station by transportation railcar 6, by hoist 7 handling to converter platform, unload into each converter 8.

It is worth noting that in order to prevent the feeding section A tail vibrator from transversely swinging during vibration, a transverse damping device is arranged on the vibrator, and a dust removal smoke hood is arranged at the discharge end of the tail vibrator.

In addition, a direct-fired burner is adopted in the preheating section B for heat supply, in the combustion control process, converter gas and combustion-supporting air are arranged in the burner in proportion, actuators are installed on a combustion-supporting air duct and a gas pipeline for adjusting combustion control, and the mixed combustion speed of air and gas is effectively controlled by adopting a control strategy of overall large air-fuel ratio and segmented air staged combustion, so that accurate temperature control is achieved, local high-temperature flame is prevented from being formed in a small-space hearth, generation of NOx can be effectively controlled, generation of harmful substances such as dioxin is prevented, and an energy-saving effect is achieved. The material of the water-cooling trough in the preheating section B is a wear-resistant steel plate, the water-cooling trough is forcibly cooled by circulating water in the production process, and high-temperature flue gas and furnace burden are not deformed when passing through the trough.

This embodiment possesses the scrap steel and carries, the scrap steel preheats, the material function is thrown to the ration, divide feed segment A altogether, preheat section B and unload section C three-section, wherein feed segment A is as the part of accepting the scrap steel, hang 3 with the scrap steel and add feed segment A through electromagnetic chuck and grab bucket, the scrap steel of its acceptance will be transported to preheat section B under vibratory force effect of conveying system, feed segment A is provided with and keeps off the material shirt rim, when the scrap steel is carried to material section silo top, it can prevent that the scrap steel from dropping to keep off the material shirt rim. The preheating section B adopts a tunnel-shaped channel with a square heat-insulating cover at the top, a burner is arranged above the heat-insulating cover and is an internal mixing type high-speed burner, a heating source is arranged at the upper part of the tunnel, converter gas is used as fuel, the flame direction is downward, rapid heating of scrap steel is facilitated, and the heating capacity of the scrap steel is effectively controlled by controlling the adding amount of the gas and the transmission speed so as to be matched with subsequent production. The preheating section B adopts cooling circulating water to cool the trough, sensible heat of high-temperature flue gas generated by heating is utilized in a stepped manner, the sensible heat of high temperature above 500 ℃ preheats combustion-supporting air through the heat exchanger 4, the sensible heat of 200-. The preheated scrap steel is discharged into a scrap steel hopper 9 at the discharge end, a rail weighbridge is arranged below the rail of the transportation rail car 6, and after the rail weighbridge is weighed and metered, the scrap steel hopper 9 is transported to a specified station by the transportation rail car 6 and discharged into a converter 8 through a crane 7.

All functions of data acquisition, signal output, program control, indication and the like are completed through the PLC system, a cold scrap transfer channel is reserved in the system, and cold scrap can be normally fed into a converter for steelmaking according to the original production organization flow when the scrap preheating production line is overhauled.

The preheating device has the advantages that preheating of the scrap steel material is achieved in a one-to-many mode, continuous production is achieved, production is flexible, the automation degree is high, fuel consumption in the production process is reduced, the preheating temperature of the scrap steel is stable, waste heat recovery is conducted on high-temperature flue gas generated in the production process in a heat gradient utilization mode on the basis of considering environmental protection, the overall heat utilization rate is high, the system performance is stable, the preheating effect is good, energy conservation and carbon reduction are achieved, economic and social benefits are remarkable, requirements of national industry development policies and planning are met, and the preheating device has a wide market application prospect.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.