阅读说明：本技术 一种车窗用永磁无刷直流电机及其控制方法 (Permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for vehicle window and control method thereof ) 是由 陈自伟 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种车窗用永磁无刷直流电机及其控制方法,其无刷直流电机包括电动机、减速箱以及控制模块,减速箱包括箱体、设置于箱体中部的斜齿轮以及设置于斜齿轮上方的盖板,斜齿轮上设置有同心的从动齿轮,从动齿轮穿过箱体底部至外侧；电动机包括壳体、设置于壳体内侧的铁芯绕组以及设置于铁芯绕组内的转子；转子上设置有蜗杆轴,蜗杆轴伸入减速箱并使用紧定螺钉装配,斜齿轮与蜗杆轴螺纹啮合连接；蜗杆轴与转子之间还连接有电磁吸合器；转子上还设置有霍尔磁环和霍尔传感器；控制模块包括盒体、设置于盒体内的控制电路板,控制电路板上设置有分流器以及微处理器；本发明采用无刷直流电机具有噪音小、寿命长等优点。(The invention provides a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window and a control method thereof, wherein the brushless direct current motor comprises a motor, a reduction box and a control module, the reduction box comprises a box body, a helical gear arranged in the middle of the box body and a cover plate arranged above the helical gear, the helical gear is provided with a concentric driven gear, and the driven gear penetrates through the bottom of the box body to the outer side; the motor comprises a shell, an iron core winding arranged on the inner side of the shell and a rotor arranged in the iron core winding; a worm shaft is arranged on the rotor, the worm shaft extends into the reduction gearbox and is assembled by using a set screw, and the helical gear is in threaded engagement with the worm shaft; an electromagnetic actuator is connected between the worm shaft and the rotor; the rotor is also provided with a Hall magnetic ring and a Hall sensor; the control module comprises a box body and a control circuit board arranged in the box body, and a shunt and a microprocessor are arranged on the control circuit board; the brushless direct current motor adopted by the invention has the advantages of low noise, long service life and the like.)

1. A permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window comprises a motor, a reduction box and a control module, and is characterized in that the reduction box comprises a box body, a helical gear arranged in the middle of the box body and a cover plate arranged above the helical gear, wherein the helical gear is provided with a concentric driven gear, and the driven gear penetrates through the bottom of the box body to the outer side; the motor comprises a shell, an iron core winding arranged on the inner side of the shell and a rotor arranged in the iron core winding; the rotor is provided with a worm shaft, the worm shaft extends into the reduction gearbox and is assembled by using a set screw, and the helical gear is in threaded engagement with the worm shaft; an electromagnetic actuator is connected between the worm shaft and the rotor; the rotor is also provided with a Hall magnetic ring and a Hall sensor; the control module comprises a box body and a control circuit board arranged in the box body, wherein a shunt and a microprocessor are arranged on the control circuit board, the microprocessor is respectively electrically connected with the shunt, the Hall sensor, the motor and the electromagnetic actuator, and the shunt is electrically connected with the motor.

2. The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window according to claim 1, wherein the box body is fixedly connected with the housing through a fastener; the box body is embedded in the box body and fixedly connected through a fastening piece.

3. The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window according to claim 1, wherein three hall sensors are provided, and a position angle difference between the hall sensors is 120 °; and the magnetic induction surface of each Hall sensor is vertical to the magnetic field direction of the Hall magnetic ring.

4. The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic actuator comprises a base, an electromagnetic coil arranged in the middle of the base, an iron core arranged in the middle of the electromagnetic coil, an armature arranged at the end of a worm shaft, and a shaft sleeve arranged on a rotor, wherein the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the base, and the armature is movably connected with the iron core.

5. The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window as claimed in claim 4, wherein a flexible coupling is further arranged between the armature and the worm shaft.

6. The permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window according to claim 1, wherein the microprocessor controls the operation of the motor according to a window up-down signal, and the window up-down signal is input into the control module by a key switch or a network bus.

7. A control method of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor for vehicle windows according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

after receiving an external vehicle window lifting signal, driving the electromagnetic actuator and the motor to work, and receiving a Hall pulse signal of the Hall sensor and a current signal of the shunt in real time;

processing the Hall pulse signal to obtain the real-time position of the window glass, judging whether the current signal is greater than a preset threshold value of the real-time position, and if so, judging whether the real-time position is located at the top dead center or the bottom dead center of the window;

if so, generating a first stop instruction, and stopping the motor and the electromagnetic actuator according to the first stop instruction; if not, generating a second stop instruction, and stopping the electromagnetic actuator within the preset time according to the second stop instruction.

8. The method for controlling the permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for the vehicle window according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining of the real-time position preset threshold value comprises:

dividing a window glass operation area into a plurality of working areas, and performing n times of cyclic lifting experiments on the window glass, wherein n is more than or equal to 100;

recording the working current value of the motor in the lifting process of the window glass, and constructing a relation curve between the working current value and the position of the window glass;

and acquiring a preset threshold value of the real-time position according to the relation curve.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and particularly relates to a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window and a control method thereof.

Background

In the existing automobile industry, the electric lifting of automobile window glass becomes standard. The motor for the automobile window is a power source for driving the glass lifter. The performance and controllability of the motor determine the stability and safety of the lifting operation of the window glass of the automobile. At present, the motor for the automobile window is basically a permanent magnet direct current brush motor, the brush motor has many disadvantages, electric sparks can be generated due to the existence of the brush commutator, the service life is short, and meanwhile, the brush motor is large in size, heavy in weight and low in efficiency, and is generally only 20% -40%. Meanwhile, the electric car window of the car replaces a hand-operated car window, so that the comfort of passengers is improved, and some side effects are brought. People with electric vehicle window pinching injuries are reported occasionally. The electric vehicle window with the anti-pinch function becomes the future trend. Aiming at the defects, the application provides a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window and a control method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window and a control method thereof, so that the defects of short service life, low efficiency and the like of the existing brush motor adopted by the vehicle window glass are overcome, and the problem that personnel are easily injured when the motor is adopted by the vehicle window glass is further solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window comprises a motor, a reduction box and a control module, wherein the reduction box comprises a box body, a helical gear arranged in the middle of the box body and a cover plate arranged above the helical gear, the helical gear is provided with a concentric driven gear, and the driven gear penetrates through the bottom of the box body to the outer side; the motor comprises a shell, an iron core winding arranged on the inner side of the shell and a rotor arranged in the iron core winding; the rotor is provided with a worm shaft, the worm shaft extends into the reduction gearbox and is assembled by using a set screw, and the helical gear is in threaded engagement with the worm shaft; an electromagnetic actuator is connected between the worm shaft and the rotor; the rotor is also provided with a Hall magnetic ring and a Hall sensor; the control module comprises a box body and a control circuit board arranged in the box body, wherein a shunt and a microprocessor are arranged on the control circuit board, the microprocessor is respectively electrically connected with the shunt, the Hall sensor, the motor and the electromagnetic actuator, and the shunt is electrically connected with the motor.

Preferably, the box body is fixedly connected with the shell through a fastener; the box body is embedded in the box body and fixedly connected through a fastening piece.

Preferably, the number of the Hall sensors is three, and the position angle difference between the Hall sensors is 120 degrees; and the magnetic induction surface of each Hall sensor is vertical to the magnetic field direction of the Hall magnetic ring.

Preferably, the electromagnetic actuator comprises a base, an electromagnetic coil arranged in the middle of the base, an iron core arranged in the middle of the electromagnetic coil, an armature arranged at the end of the worm shaft, and a shaft sleeve arranged on the rotor, wherein the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the base, and the armature is movably connected with the iron core.

Preferably, a flexible coupling is further arranged between the armature and the worm shaft.

Preferably, the microprocessor controls the motor to operate according to a window lifting signal, and the window lifting signal is input into the control module in a key switch or network bus mode.

A control method of a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window comprises the following steps:

after receiving an external vehicle window lifting signal, driving the electromagnetic actuator and the motor to work, and receiving a Hall pulse signal of the Hall sensor and a current signal of the shunt in real time;

processing the Hall pulse signal to obtain the real-time position of the window glass, judging whether the current signal is greater than a preset threshold value of the real-time position, and if so, judging whether the real-time position is located at the top dead center or the bottom dead center of the window;

if so, generating a first stop instruction, and stopping the motor and the electromagnetic actuator according to the first stop instruction; if not, generating a second stop instruction, and stopping the electromagnetic actuator within the preset time according to the second stop instruction.

Preferably, the obtaining of the preset threshold of the real-time position includes:

dividing a window glass operation area into a plurality of working areas, and performing n times of cyclic lifting experiments on the window glass, wherein n is more than or equal to 100;

recording the working current value of the motor in the lifting process of the window glass, and constructing a relation curve between the working current value and the position of the window glass;

and acquiring a preset threshold value of the real-time position according to the relation curve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor for a vehicle window and a control method thereof, wherein the brushless direct current motor is adopted, and a brushless (without a commutator and a carbon brush) non-contact structure and an iron core are adopted by adopting a reluctance design concept, so that the torque, the efficiency and the noise of the motor are improved, the service life is long, the whole vehicle is more comfortable, and the service life is longer; the structure is simple, the manufacturing process is simple, and the rejection rate and the manufacturing cost are greatly reduced; meanwhile, on the basis of brushless operation, an electromagnetic actuator is added, so that the transmission between a rotor of the motor and a screw shaft can be automatically disconnected, and the anti-pinch function is realized; and, carry out the presetting of threshold value to real-time position, promoted the result of use of whole anti-pinch function.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a front view of a permanent magnet brushless dc motor for a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a side view of a permanent magnet brushless dc motor for a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a permanent magnet brushless dc motor for a vehicle window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

labeled as:

1. the speed reduction box comprises a speed reduction box body 11, a box body 12, a helical gear, 13, a cover plate 14, a driven gear, 2, a motor 21, a shell body 22, an iron core winding 23, a rotor 24, a screw shaft 25, a set screw 26, a Hall magnetic ring 27, a Hall sensor 3, a control module 31, a box body 32, a control circuit board 4, an electromagnetic actuator 41, a base 42, an electromagnetic coil 43, an iron core 43, an armature 44 and a shaft sleeve 45.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-3, a permanent magnet brushless dc motor for vehicle windows comprises a motor 2, a reduction box 1 and a control module 3.

The reduction gearbox 1 comprises a gearbox body 11, a helical gear 12 arranged in the middle of the gearbox body 11 and a cover plate 13 arranged above the helical gear 12, wherein a concentric driven gear 14 is arranged on the helical gear 12, and the driven gear 14 penetrates through the bottom of the gearbox body 11 to the outer side.

The motor 2 includes a housing 21, a core winding 22 disposed inside the housing 21, and a rotor 23 disposed inside the core winding 22; a worm shaft 24 is arranged on the rotor 23, the worm shaft 24 extends into the reduction gearbox 1 and is assembled by using a set screw 25, and the helical gear 12 is in threaded engagement with the worm shaft 24; an electromagnetic actuator 4 is also connected between the worm shaft 24 and the rotor 23; the rotor 23 is also provided with a Hall magnetic ring 26 and a Hall sensor 27; three Hall sensors 27 are arranged, and the position angle difference between the Hall sensors 27 is 120 degrees; the magnetic induction surface of each hall sensor 27 is perpendicular to the magnetic field direction of the hall magnetic ring 26.

The control module 3 comprises a box body 31 and a control circuit board 32 arranged in the box body 31, wherein a current divider and a microprocessor are arranged on the control circuit board 32, the microprocessor is respectively and electrically connected with the current divider, the Hall sensor 27, the motor 2 and the electromagnetic actuator 4, and the current divider is electrically connected with the motor 2; the microprocessor controls the motor to act according to the window lifting signal, and the window lifting signal is input into the control module 3 in a key switch or network bus mode.

The box body 11 is fixedly connected with the shell 21 through a fastener; the box 31 is embedded in the box 11 and is fixedly connected with the box by a fastener.

As shown in fig. 4, the electromagnetic actuator 4 includes a base 41, an electromagnetic coil 42 disposed in the middle of the base 41, an iron core 43 disposed in the middle of the electromagnetic coil 42, an armature 44 disposed at the end of the worm shaft 24, and a shaft sleeve 45 disposed on the rotor 23, wherein the shaft sleeve 45 is fixedly connected to the base 41, and the armature 44 is movably connected to the iron core 43; a flexible coupling is also provided between the armature 44 and the worm shaft 24.

When the automobile window glass cleaning device works, the control module 3 drives the motor 2 and the electromagnetic actuator 4 to work, a rotor of the motor 2 transmits power to the screw shaft 24 through the electromagnetic actuator 4, the worm shaft 24 drives the helical gear 12, the helical gear 12 drives the driven gear 14 to rotate, and the driven gear 14 drives the automobile window glass to act; in the working process, the Hall magnetic ring 26 is detected by the Hall sensor 27, so that the stroke of the motor 2 is calculated, and the position of the window glass can be further calculated.

Example two

As shown in fig. 4, a method for controlling a permanent magnet brushless dc motor for a vehicle window includes:

after receiving an external vehicle window lifting signal, driving the electromagnetic actuator and the motor to work, and receiving a Hall pulse signal of the Hall sensor and a current signal of the shunt in real time;

processing the Hall pulse signal to obtain the real-time position of the window glass, judging whether the current signal is greater than a preset threshold value of the real-time position, and if so, judging whether the real-time position is located at the top dead center or the bottom dead center of the window;

if so, generating a first stop instruction, and stopping the motor and the electromagnetic actuator according to the first stop instruction; if not, generating a second stop instruction, and stopping the electromagnetic actuator within the preset time according to the second stop instruction.

The acquisition of the threshold value preset in the real-time position comprises the following steps:

dividing a window glass operation area into a plurality of working areas, and performing n times of cyclic lifting experiments on the window glass, wherein n is more than or equal to 100;

recording the working current value of the motor in the lifting process of the window glass, and constructing a relation curve between the working current value and the position of the window glass;

and acquiring a preset threshold value of the real-time position according to the relation curve.

When the automobile window glass works, the electromagnetic suction device works only when the automobile window glass needs to act; when the window glass reaches the top dead center or the bottom dead center, the electromagnetic actuator and the motor are both closed; when the window glass meets an obstacle in the midway, the motor continues to work, but the electromagnetic actuator does not work, the screw shaft loses power at the moment, the window glass can freely move, and the electromagnetic actuator works again after the preset time (usually 2-8s) is reached; making the operation of the motor more continuous.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.