阅读说明：本技术 一种铝合金模板及其制备方法 (Aluminum alloy template and preparation method thereof ) 是由 唐华强 于 2020-12-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及铝合金模板技术领域,尤其涉及一种铝合金模板及其制备方法,所述铝合金模板包括铝合金板基材层和表层,所述表层设置在铝合金基材层的一面,所述铝合金基材层和表层一体成型,所述铝合金基材层包含以下重量份的原料：锂0.45-0.65份、镁0.28-0.42份、铍青铜0.56-0.78份、硅0.06-0.12份、锌0.15-0.33份和铝锭97.7-98.5份,所述铝锭中含铜量≤0.1％,含铁量≤0.2％,所述表层为纤维增强复合材料,用来解决现有的铝合金模板在铸造过程中缩孔和疏松导致铝合金模板在使用过程强度不够,容易变形,以及需要使用脱模剂才能将铝合金模板拆卸下来的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy templates, in particular to an aluminum alloy template and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy template comprises an aluminum alloy plate substrate layer and a surface layer, the surface layer is arranged on one surface of the aluminum alloy substrate layer, the aluminum alloy substrate layer and the surface layer are integrally formed, and the aluminum alloy substrate layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.45-0.65 part of lithium, 0.28-0.42 part of magnesium, 0.56-0.78 part of beryllium bronze, 0.06-0.12 part of silicon, 0.15-0.33 part of zinc and 97.7-98.5 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content of the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, the iron content of the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the surface layer is made of fiber reinforced composite material and is used for solving the problems that the strength of the aluminum alloy template is insufficient in the using process and is easy to deform and the aluminum alloy template can be detached only by using a release agent due to shrinkage and looseness in the casting process of the conventional aluminum alloy template.)

1. The utility model provides an aluminum alloy template, its characterized in that, aluminum alloy template includes aluminum alloy plate substrate layer and top layer, the top layer sets up the one side at the aluminum alloy substrate layer, aluminum alloy substrate layer and top layer integrated into one piece, the aluminum alloy substrate layer contains the raw materials of following parts by weight: 0.45-0.65 part of lithium, 0.28-0.42 part of magnesium, 0.56-0.78 part of beryllium bronze, 0.06-0.12 part of silicon, 0.15-0.33 part of zinc and 97.7-98.5 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, the iron content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the surface layer is a fiber reinforced composite material.

2. The aluminum alloy template as recited in claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy substrate layer to the surface layer is: 1: (0.05-0.1).

3. The aluminum alloy template as recited in claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy substrate layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.55 part of lithium, 0.35 part of magnesium, 0.67 part of beryllium bronze, 0.09 part of silicon, 0.24 part of zinc and 98.1 parts of aluminum ingot.

4. The aluminum alloy formwork of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the aluminum alloy formwork is produced by the following method: preparing materials: drying and weighing lithium, magnesium, beryllium bronze, silicon, zinc and aluminum ingots;

smelting: heating a smelting furnace to 200-300 ℃, preheating for 1-2H, adding beryllium bronze, silicon and aluminum ingots into the smelting furnace, adding a covering agent, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the speed of 40-60 ℃/min, keeping for 15-30min, heating to 700-750 ℃ at the speed of 20-30 ℃/min, adding a deslagging agent, slagging off, adding lithium, magnesium and zinc, uniformly stirring, and smelting for 10-15 min;

refining: adding a refining agent, carrying out primary refining in a nitrogen atmosphere at 720-730 ℃, cooling to 700 ℃ after refining for 5-10min, carrying out secondary refining in the nitrogen atmosphere, refining for 5-10min, slagging off after refining is finished, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and argon for degassing, transferring into a heat preservation furnace after degassing is finished, preserving heat in the heat preservation furnace at 670-700 ℃ for 5-10min, casting, and cooling to 200-300 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;

surface treatment: cooling the aluminum alloy base material to 50-80 ℃, then carrying out chemical etching on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material, and introducing hot air at 60-80 ℃ for air drying after the etching is finished;

compounding: heating the aluminum alloy base material to the temperature of 120-150 ℃, melting the fiber reinforced composite material, then coating the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state on the aluminum alloy base material subjected to surface treatment, and cooling and solidifying;

aging treatment: and heating the cooled aluminum alloy template to 100-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-5H, then cooling to 50-60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2H, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy template.

5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template as recited in claim 4, wherein the fiber reinforced composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of modified PVC resin, 20-25 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, 2-3 parts of heat stabilizer, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 1-2 parts of dispersant and 0.2-0.5 part of plasticizer.

6. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template as recited in claim 5, wherein the fiber reinforced composite material is prepared by the following steps: and (2) putting the modified PVC resin and the heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 15-20min at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, then adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarns, the silane coupling agent and the dispersing agent, stirring for 30min at the temperature of 150-170 ℃, adding the plasticizer, continuously stirring for 10min, then transferring into an extruder, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material.

7. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template as recited in claim 6, wherein the modified PVC resin is prepared by the following steps: putting PVC resin into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10-15min at 70-80 ℃, then adding ACR201 at 110-120 ℃, stirring for 15-20min, then transferring into an extruder, setting the temperature of a host machine at 170-.

8. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template according to claim 7, wherein the specific preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped strand is as follows: adding sodium stearate into the basalt fiber chopped yarns, adding sodium sulfate, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 3-5H at the temperature of 50-65 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursors; adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursor into deionized water, adding modified nano-alumina, adding mixed acid, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 16-24H, and performing freeze drying to obtain the active modified basalt fiber chopped yarn.

9. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy template according to claim 8, wherein the modified nano aluminum oxide is prepared by the following steps: adding nano-alumina into dilute hydrochloric acid, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding polyethylene glycol, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-5H, after the reaction is finished, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano-alumina.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy templates, in particular to an aluminum alloy template and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The building template consists of a panel and a supporting system, wherein the panel is a part for forming concrete; the support system is the structural part that stabilizes the position of the panels and bears the upper load. The quality of the template is related to the quality of concrete engineering, and the key points are accurate size, firm assembly, tight abutted seam, convenient assembly and disassembly and the like. The template with the proper form is selected according to the form and the characteristics of the building structure, so that the good technical and economic effects can be obtained.

However, the existing aluminum alloy template preparation process still has problems, and different metal melting points have large differences, so that the aluminum alloy has a very wide solidification temperature range, casting defects such as hot cracking, shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity and segregation of products can be caused during solidification, the performance of the aluminum alloy template is reduced, and the hardness and strength are insufficient, so that the use times are reduced, the aluminum alloy template has higher requirements on the hardness, and technical defects such as gaps and deformation can occur if the hardness is insufficient, so that the engineering quality and the life safety of constructors can be endangered.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy template and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the problems that the aluminum alloy template is not strong enough and is easy to deform in the use process due to shrinkage and looseness of the existing aluminum alloy template in the casting process, and the aluminum alloy template can be disassembled only by using a release agent.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:

the utility model provides an aluminum alloy template, aluminum alloy template includes aluminum alloy plate substrate layer and top layer, the top layer sets up the one side at the aluminum alloy substrate layer, aluminum alloy substrate layer and top layer integrated into one piece, the aluminum alloy substrate layer contains the raw materials of following parts by weight: 0.45-0.65 part of lithium, 0.28-0.42 part of magnesium, 0.56-0.78 part of beryllium bronze, 0.06-0.12 part of silicon, 0.15-0.33 part of zinc and 97.7-98.5 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, the iron content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.2 percent, and the surface layer is a fiber reinforced composite material.

The fiber reinforced composite material is compounded on the aluminum alloy base material of the aluminum alloy template, and has excellent properties of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, smooth surface and wear resistance, so that the aluminum alloy template can avoid the corrosion of concrete when in use, and the concrete has smooth surface and does not need subsequent construction. And the fiber reinforced composite material can be used for many times, can not be abraded, can not fall off from the aluminum alloy substrate layer, and reduces the use cost of the aluminum alloy template.

Further, the thickness ratio of the aluminum alloy base material layer to the surface layer is: 1: (0.05-0.1).

Further, the aluminum alloy base material layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.55 part of lithium, 0.35 part of magnesium, 0.67 part of beryllium bronze, 0.09 part of silicon, 0.24 part of zinc and 98.1 parts of aluminum ingot.

The pure aluminum has the advantages of being too active in chemical property, easy to oxidize, low in ignition point, low in hardness and light in weight, adding silicon and beryllium bronze to improve the tensile strength and the yield strength of the alloy, adding lithium, magnesium and zinc to improve the strength and simultaneously increase the toughness and the ductility, adding a small amount of other metals or alloys according to the proportion to increase the solidification range of the aluminum alloy, enlarging the shrinkage cavity range on the surface of the aluminum alloy, forming dispersive shrinkage cavities, and being not easy to form shrinkage cavities in the aluminum alloy to cause looseness. The prepared aluminum alloy template has the characteristics of light aluminum material weight, high specific strength and high toughness of the alloy. Although the aluminum alloy template is thin, the bearing capacity is high, and the aluminum alloy template is suitable for conventional building construction.

Further, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy template comprises the following steps:

preparing materials: drying and weighing lithium, magnesium, beryllium bronze, silicon, zinc and aluminum ingots;

smelting: heating a smelting furnace to 200-300 ℃, preheating for 1-2H, adding beryllium bronze, silicon and aluminum ingots into the smelting furnace, adding a covering agent, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the speed of 40-60 ℃/min, keeping for 15-30min, heating to 700-750 ℃ at the speed of 20-30 ℃/min, adding a deslagging agent, slagging off, adding lithium, magnesium and zinc, uniformly stirring, and smelting for 10-15 min;

refining: adding a refining agent, carrying out primary refining in a nitrogen atmosphere at 720-730 ℃, cooling to 700 ℃ after refining for 5-10min, carrying out secondary refining in the nitrogen atmosphere, refining for 5-10min, slagging off after refining is finished, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and argon for degassing, transferring into a heat preservation furnace after degassing is finished, preserving heat in the heat preservation furnace at 670-700 ℃ for 5-10min, casting, and cooling to 200-300 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;

surface treatment: the aluminum alloy base material is cooled to 50-80 ℃, then chemical etching is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material, after the etching is finished, hot air at 60-80 ℃ is introduced for air drying, and the aluminum alloy base material is cooled so that chemical etching agents cannot be evaporated on the surface of the aluminum alloy during etching, and the chemical etching agents and the dispersive shrinkage cavities are further etched, so that regular etching traces are formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material, and the next step of working procedure is facilitated.

Compounding: heating the aluminum alloy base material to the temperature of 120-150 ℃, melting the fiber reinforced composite material, then coating the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state on the aluminum alloy base material subjected to surface treatment, and cooling and solidifying; melting the fiber reinforced composite material, coating the melted fiber reinforced composite material on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, further strengthening the connection between the fiber reinforced composite material and the aluminum alloy surface through etching traces, heating the aluminum alloy surface to 120-150 ℃, enabling the crystal form on the aluminum alloy surface to deform and continue to grow, and combining with the molecules of the fiber reinforced composite material to form a blending type crystal, thereby enabling the aluminum alloy substrate and the fiber reinforced composite material to be tightly connected; during coating, high-temperature spraying is adopted, so that the fiber reinforced composite material is prevented from automatically solidifying in the spraying process, after the spraying is finished, the surface of the spraying surface is pressed flat by rolling and repeatedly rolling the spraying surface, and the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state is further connected with the aluminum alloy base material.

Aging treatment: and heating the cooled aluminum alloy template to the temperature of 100-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3-5H, then cooling to the temperature of 50-60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2H, and then cooling to the room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy template, wherein the hardness and the strength of the aluminum alloy template subjected to aging treatment are improved, so that the purposes of firmer, durable and more turnover times of the aluminum alloy template are achieved.

Further, the fiber reinforced composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of modified PVC resin, 20-25 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, 2-3 parts of heat stabilizer, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 1-2 parts of dispersant and 0.2-0.5 part of plasticizer.

The modified basalt fiber chopped yarns and the modified PVC resin are blended and reinforced to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material, and the basalt fiber chopped yarns have good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance and good compatibility with metal materials, so that the prepared fiber reinforced composite material has excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance and good compatibility with metal materials, and the fiber reinforced composite material can be fully connected with an aluminum alloy base material.

Further, the preparation method of the fiber reinforced composite material comprises the following steps: and (2) putting the modified PVC resin and the heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 15-20min at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, then adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, the silane coupling agent and the dispersing agent, stirring for 30min at the temperature of 150-170 ℃, adding the plasticizer, continuously stirring for 10min, then transferring into an extruder, and carrying out extrusion granulation to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material.

Further, the specific preparation method of the modified PVC resin is as follows: putting PVC resin into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10-15min at 70-80 ℃, then adding ACR201 at 110-120 ℃, stirring for 15-20min, then transferring into an extruder, setting the temperature of a host machine at 170-.

The PVC resin is modified and granulated firstly, so that the PVC resin has good impact resistance and high temperature resistance.

Further, the specific preparation method of the modified basalt fiber is as follows: adding sodium stearate into the basalt fiber chopped yarns, adding sodium sulfate, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 3-5H at the temperature of 50-65 ℃, filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursors; adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursor into deionized water, adding modified nano-alumina, adding mixed acid, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 16-24H, and performing freeze drying to obtain the active modified basalt fiber chopped yarn.

The basalt fiber is modified in an acid manner, so that chemical bonds on the surface of the basalt fiber are opened, then the modified nano aluminum oxide is combined with an aluminum oxide crystal form in the basalt fiber, and the functional groups on the surface of the basalt fiber are further activated, so that on one hand, the modified basalt fiber can be fully combined with the modified PVC resin, and on the other hand, an aluminum oxide bridge in the nano aluminum oxide-basalt fiber is formed in the process of combining with the crystal on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the crystal is grown in a blending manner, and the aluminum alloy is connected with the fiber reinforced composite material more tightly.

Further, the preparation steps of the modified nano-alumina are as follows: adding nano-alumina into dilute hydrochloric acid, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding polyethylene glycol, continuing to perform ultrasonic dispersion for 3-5H, after the reaction is finished, washing and drying to obtain the modified nano-alumina.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the basalt fiber reinforced composite material is compounded on the surface of the aluminum alloy to form the aluminum alloy template which takes the aluminum alloy as a base material and the fiber reinforced composite material as a surface layer, so that the aluminum alloy template has light weight, high strength and good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and smoothness, and can be circulated for many times without being damaged when in use, and a release agent is not needed before use, thereby reducing the use cost.

Detailed Description

Example 1 preparation of a fiber-reinforced composite Material

Preparation of modified PVC resin: putting PVC resin into a reaction kettle, stirring for 15min at 70 ℃, then adding ACR201 at 110 ℃, stirring for 20min, then transferring into an extruder, setting the temperature of a main machine at 160 ℃, the temperature of a die at 175 ℃, the temperature of a machine head at 190 ℃, and extruding and granulating.

Preparing modified nano aluminum oxide: adding nano-alumina into dilute hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically dispersing for 2H, adding polyethylene glycol, continuously ultrasonically dispersing for 3H, washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 3H at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain the modified nano-alumina.

Preparing modified basalt fibers: adding sodium stearate into the basalt fiber chopped yarns, adding sodium sulfate, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5H at 50 ℃, filtering and washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 2.5H at 100 ℃ to obtain modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursors; adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursor into deionized water, adding 3 parts of modified nano-alumina, adding mixed acid formed by dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 6:1.5, dispersing for 24H by ultrasonic waves, and freeze-drying for 12H at-35 ℃ to obtain the active modified basalt fiber chopped yarn.

Preparing a fiber reinforced composite material: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of modified PVC resin, 2 parts of heat stabilizer, 25 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 2 parts of dispersing agent and 0.5 part of plasticizer;

putting 60 parts of modified PVC resin and 2 parts of heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 20min at 100 ℃, then adding 25 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarns, 3 parts of silane coupling agent and 2 parts of dispersing agent, stirring for 30min at 150 ℃, adding 0.5 part of plasticizer after stirring uniformly, continuing stirring for 10min, stirring uniformly, then transferring into an extruder, extruding and granulating, and drying for 1H at 85 ℃ to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material.

Example 2 preparation of a fiber-reinforced composite

Preparation of modified PVC resin: putting PVC resin into a reaction kettle, stirring for 12min at 75 ℃, then adding ACR201 at 115 ℃, stirring for 17min, then transferring into an extruder, setting the temperature of a main machine at 165 ℃, the temperature of a die at 180 ℃, the temperature of a machine head at 190 ℃, and extruding and granulating.

Preparing modified nano aluminum oxide: adding nano-alumina into dilute hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically dispersing for 2H, adding polyethylene glycol, continuously ultrasonically dispersing for 4H, washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 3H at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain the modified nano-alumina.

Preparing modified basalt fibers: adding sodium stearate into the basalt fiber chopped yarns, adding sodium sulfate, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 4H at 55 ℃, filtering and washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 2H at 110 ℃ to obtain modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursors; adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursor into deionized water, adding 5 parts of modified nano-alumina, adding mixed acid formed by dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 6:1.5, dispersing for 24H by ultrasonic waves, and freeze-drying for 9H at-45 ℃ to obtain the active modified basalt fiber chopped yarn.

Preparing a fiber reinforced composite material: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of modified PVC resin, 2.5 parts of heat stabilizer, 23 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, 1.5 parts of dispersant and 0.35 part of plasticizer;

adding 65 parts of modified PVC resin and 2.5 parts of heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 17min at the temperature of 115 ℃, then adding 23 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarns, 2 parts of silane coupling agent and 1.5 parts of dispersing agent, stirring for 30min at the temperature of 160 ℃, after stirring uniformly, adding 0.35 part of plasticizer, continuously stirring for 10min, stirring uniformly, then transferring into an extruder, extruding and granulating, and drying for 1.5H at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material.

Example 3 preparation of a fiber-reinforced composite

Preparation of modified PVC resin: putting PVC resin into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10min at 80 ℃, then adding ACR201 at 120 ℃, stirring for 15min, then transferring into an extruder, setting the temperature of a host machine to be 170 ℃, the temperature of a die to be 185 ℃, the temperature of a machine head to be 195 ℃, and extruding and granulating.

Preparing modified nano aluminum oxide: adding nano-alumina into dilute hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically dispersing for 2H, adding polyethylene glycol, continuously ultrasonically dispersing for 5H, washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 3H at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain the modified nano-alumina.

Preparing modified basalt fibers: adding sodium stearate into the basalt fiber chopped yarns, adding sodium sulfate, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 3H at the temperature of 60 ℃, filtering and washing with deionized water to be neutral after the reaction is finished, and drying for 1H at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursors; adding the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn precursor into deionized water, adding 8 parts of modified nano-alumina, adding mixed acid formed by dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid in a mass ratio of 6:1.5, dispersing for 24H by ultrasonic waves, and freeze-drying for 4.5H at the temperature of-55 ℃ to obtain the active modified basalt fiber chopped yarn.

Preparing a fiber reinforced composite material: weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of modified PVC resin, 3 parts of heat stabilizer, 20 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 1 part of dispersant and 0.2 part of plasticizer;

putting 70 parts of modified PVC resin and 3 parts of heat stabilizer into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 15min at 120 ℃, then adding 20 parts of modified basalt fiber chopped yarns, 1 part of silane coupling agent and 1 part of dispersing agent, stirring for 30min at 170 ℃, adding 0.2 part of plasticizer after stirring uniformly, continuing stirring for 10min, stirring uniformly, then transferring into an extruder, extruding and granulating, and drying for 2H at 75 ℃ to obtain the fiber reinforced composite material.

Example 4 preparation of aluminum alloy form-

Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.45 part of lithium, 0.28 part of magnesium, 0.56 part of beryllium bronze, 0.06 part of silicon, 0.15 part of zinc, 97.7 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the iron content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent;

preparing materials: proportioning lithium, magnesium, beryllium bronze, silicon, zinc and aluminum ingots;

smelting: after the content of hydrogen in the furnace is tested to be less than or equal to 0.2mL/100g, the smelting furnace is heated to 200 ℃ firstly, then 2H is preheated, then beryllium bronze, silicon and aluminum ingots are added into the smelting furnace, a covering agent is added, then the temperature is raised to 400 ℃ at the speed of 60 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30min, the temperature is raised to 700 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, a deslagging agent is added, slag is removed, lithium, magnesium and zinc are added, the stirring is uniform, and the smelting is carried out for 15min, so that molten metal is obtained;

refining: adding a refining agent, carrying out primary refining at 720 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, after 10min of refining, cooling to 700 ℃, carrying out secondary refining at 10min of refining in the nitrogen atmosphere, skimming after the refining is finished, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and argon at a flow rate of 25L/min for degassing, after degassing is finished, transferring into a heat preservation furnace, preserving heat in the heat preservation furnace at 670 ℃ for 10min, then casting, and cooling to 200 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;

surface treatment: cooling the aluminum alloy base material to 50 ℃, then carrying out chemical etching on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material through hydrogen fluoride, carrying out chemical etching for 1H, and introducing hot air at 60 ℃ for air drying after the etching is finished;

compounding: heating the aluminum alloy base material to 150 ℃, melting the fiber reinforced composite material, transferring the melted fiber reinforced composite material into a high-temperature spraying gun, coating the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state on the aluminum alloy base material subjected to surface treatment, rolling at the speed of 0.5m/min for 2 times repeatedly, introducing cold air after rolling, cooling and curing;

aging treatment: and heating the cooled aluminum alloy template to 120 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3H, then cooling to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1H, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy template.

Example 5 preparation of aluminum alloy form II

Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.55 part of lithium, 0.35 part of magnesium, 0.67 part of beryllium bronze, 0.09 part of silicon, 0.24 part of zinc, 98.1 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the iron content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent;

preparing materials: proportioning lithium, magnesium, beryllium bronze, silicon, zinc and aluminum ingots;

smelting: after the content of hydrogen in the furnace is tested to be less than or equal to 0.2mL/100g, the smelting furnace is heated to 250 ℃ firstly, then preheated for 1.5H, then beryllium bronze, silicon and aluminum ingots are added into the smelting furnace, a covering agent is added, then the temperature is raised to 450 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 25min, the temperature is raised to 720 ℃ at the speed of 25 ℃/min, a deslagging agent is added, slag is removed, lithium, magnesium and zinc are added, the stirring is uniform, and the smelting is carried out for 12min, so as to obtain molten metal;

refining: adding a refining agent, carrying out primary refining at 725 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, after 8min of refining, cooling to 700 ℃, carrying out secondary refining at 8min of refining in the nitrogen atmosphere, skimming after the refining is finished, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and argon for degassing at the flow rate of the mixed gas of nitrogen and argon of 20L/min, after the degassing is finished, transferring into a heat preservation furnace, preserving heat in the heat preservation furnace at 685 ℃ for 8min, then casting, and cooling to 250 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy substrate;

surface treatment: cooling the aluminum alloy base material to 65 ℃, then carrying out chemical etching on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material through hydrogen fluoride for 1.5H, and introducing 70 ℃ hot air for air drying after the etching is finished;

compounding: heating an aluminum alloy base material to 135 ℃, melting the fiber reinforced composite material, transferring the melted fiber reinforced composite material into a high-temperature spraying gun, coating the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state on the aluminum alloy base material subjected to surface treatment, rolling at the speed of 1m/min for 2 times repeatedly, introducing cold air after rolling, cooling and curing;

aging treatment: and heating the cooled aluminum alloy template to 110 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4H, then cooling to 55 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5H, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy template.

Example 6 preparation of aluminum alloy form III

Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.65 part of lithium, 0.42 part of magnesium, 0.78 part of beryllium bronze, 0.12 part of silicon, 0.33 part of zinc, 98.5 parts of aluminum ingot, wherein the copper content in the aluminum ingot is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the iron content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent;

preparing materials: proportioning lithium, magnesium, beryllium bronze, silicon, zinc and aluminum ingots;

smelting: after the content of hydrogen in the furnace is tested to be less than or equal to 0.2mL/100g, the smelting furnace is heated to 300 ℃ firstly, then preheated for 1H, then beryllium bronze, silicon and aluminum ingots are added into the smelting furnace, a covering agent is added, then the temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 15min, the temperature is raised to 750 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, a deslagging agent is added, slag is removed, lithium, magnesium and zinc are added, the stirring is uniform, and the smelting is carried out for 10min, so that molten metal is obtained;

refining: adding a refining agent, carrying out primary refining at 730 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, after 5min of refining, cooling to 700 ℃, carrying out secondary refining at 5min of refining in the nitrogen atmosphere, skimming after the refining is finished, introducing mixed gas of nitrogen and argon at a flow rate of 15L/min for degassing, after degassing is finished, transferring into a heat preservation furnace, preserving heat in the heat preservation furnace at 700 ℃ for 5min, then casting, and cooling to 300 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy base material;

surface treatment: cooling the aluminum alloy base material to 80 ℃, then carrying out chemical etching on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material through hydrogen fluoride, carrying out chemical etching for 2H, and introducing hot air at 80 ℃ for air drying after the etching is finished;

compounding: heating the aluminum alloy base material to 120 ℃, melting the fiber reinforced composite material, transferring the melted fiber reinforced composite material into a high-temperature spraying gun, coating the fiber reinforced composite material in a molten state on the aluminum alloy base material subjected to surface treatment, rolling at the speed of 1.5m/min for 2 times repeatedly, introducing cold air after rolling, cooling and solidifying;

aging treatment: and heating the cooled aluminum alloy template to 120 ℃, maintaining for 3H, then cooling to 50 ℃, maintaining for 2H, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy template.

The aluminum alloy templates prepared in the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment are subjected to connection strength, wear resistance, aging resistance and concrete resistance experiments,

the test results were as follows: connection strength: example four 13MPa < example five 15.6MPa > example six 13.2 MPa;

wear resistance: example four had no wear, example five had no wear, and example six had no wear;

aging resistance: example four 1000H, with a small amount of macula, example five 1000H, without change, example six without change;

concrete resistance: the embodiment rotates for 500 times all around without separation and surface abrasion;

the five revolutions of the example are 500 times, no separation occurs, and the surface is not abraded;

the six times of turnover of the embodiment are 500, no separation exists, and the surface is not abraded;

from the experimental results of the fourth example, the fifth example and the sixth example, it can be seen that the aluminum alloy formwork prepared in the fifth example has the best connection strength, the best wear resistance, the best aging resistance and the best concrete resistance.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.